THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
* Dua nghi quyi't cda Ddng vdo cuoc sd'ng QUAN Dl£M V£ TAI CO CAU NONG NGHIEP GAN W(n XAY DlTNG NONG THON MOfI TRONG VAN KIEN DAI HOI LAN THlTxn CUADANG ThS HOANG THI HlTOfNG'*' Tdm tit: Hi$n nay, Viet Nam dang day manh tien trinh tdi ca cdu nin kinh ti, theo do, giam ti nganh ndng - Idm ~ ngu nghiep, tdng ti trpng nganh cong nghiep vd dich vu Tliy nhiin, diiu ndy khong cd nghTa Id gidm vai tro nganh nong nghidp, md nguac lai, ngdnh ndng nghiep ducrc tap trung phdt trien theo huong cong nghiep hda - hiin dai hoa nhdm ndng cao chat luang, tap trung phdt trien theo chiiu sdu Bi thi^c hiin duac muc tiiu ndy cdn quan tam din vi^c phdt trien nong nghiep, ndng dan vd nong thdn, bdi day id ba mat tran quan trpng co Vf tri chien luac sir nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hi$n dai hda ddt nuac Viec tdi ca cdu sdn xudt nong nghi$p phdi gdn lien vai xdy dung nong thon men de bdo viec ddm phdt trien ben vimg, on dinh vd cdn bang xd hoi tu dua nong nghiep trd thdnh ngdnh sdn xudt hdng hda lan, cd ddng gdp quan trpng nen kinh te theo dung dinh huong cua Bdng vd Nhd nude T u khda: tdi ca cdu; sdn xudt nong nghiep; xdy dipig nong thon mai; Ddng Cpng sdn Viet Nam Hidn nay, nude ta cd khoang 65,6% ddn so dang sinh sdng d ndng thdn vd lao dgng ttong ndng nghiep, chidm 67,9% tdng sd lao dpng ttong cd nude''' Do do, phat tridn san xudt ndng nghiep vd kmh tl ndng thdn khdng nhiing cd y nghia vd cung quan ttpng vl kinh te, ma cdn cd y nghia xd hpi hit sdc to Idn Cac sdn pham tu ndng nghiep khdng chi nhdm thda man nhu cau smh hogt ttong ddi song xa hpi, ma cdn mang lgi ngudn ngogi td vd Id ngudn cung ung nguydn li^u cho ngdnh cdng nghidp, nhdt la cdng nghidp che bien, tgo ca sd cho cdng nghidp vd cac nganh kinh tl khde phit tridn Vi vgy, viec khai thac va phat huy cdc ngudn lyc, tiem nang to Idn ndng nghi?p vd ndng thdn Id mdt nhimg nhiem vu quan ttgng, Id vdn dl chidn luge ttong phat trien kinh t e - x a hgi cua ddt nude Thyc hidn Chucmg trinh muc tieu qudc gia xdy dyng ndng thdn mdi la muc tidu quan ttgng ttong chu truang ciia Dang vl phdt trien ndng nghidp, ndng ddn vd ndng thdn Xdy dyng ndng thdn HQC vien Chinh tri khu v\rc n, H^c vi?n Chinh tri mdi la thyc hi^n cac ngi dung cy the de cdng quoc gia H I Chi Minh Khoa hpc chinh tn - So 6/2018 ' Dug nghi quyet cdg Dgng vao vd cupc song nghipp hda, hidn dgi hda ndng nghidp, ndng thdn - mdt ttong nhiing nhiem vu quan ttgng hang dau cua sy nghidp cdng nghidp hda, hidn dgi hda ddt nude; ddng thdi, la chuong ttinh mang tinh todn didn vdi myc tieu phat triln lau dai, bdn vung d khu vyc ndng didn Trong nhung nam ddi mdi, Ddng Cpng san \5dt Nam ludn chu ttgng day manh phdt trien ndng nghidp, ndng thdn vd coi day la vdn dl chidn luge dl phdt triln kdnh tl - xd hpi bin vung Dai hpi Idn thd VI (nam 1986) danh ddu budc ngoat Idn ttong ddi mdi tu cda Ddng ve phdt tridn kinh te ndng nghipp Dai hpi nhdn manh vai ttd hang dau cda ndng nghipp vif c dap ling nhung ydu cdu cdp bdch ve luong thyc, thuc pham, nguydn hdu sdn xudt hdng tidu dung, hdng xuat khdu; phdn ddu dua ndng nghiep trd thdnh nen ndng nghipp san xuat hang hda Tu kit qua thuc hipn Nghi quyet Dai hdi lan thu VI, din Dai hOi Idn Ihii Vn (ndm 1991), Ddng tilp tuc khdng dinh cdng nghipp hda dat nude theo hudng hidn dai gan lidn vdi phat trien nen ndng nghi$p toan di$n la nhipm vy ttpng tdm va "phat trien ndng, lam, ngu nghipp gan vdi cdng nghipp che bien, phat trien toan dipn kinh te ndng nghi?p va xdy dyng ndng thdn mdi Id nhipm vy quan trpng hang dau de dn dinh tinh hinh kinh te - xa hpi"*^\ Tu Dgi hdi Idn thu V m (nam 1996) din Dgi hpi lan thd X (nam 2006), Dang ludn khdng djnh: van dd ndng nghipp, ndng dan, ndng thdn cd tam chiln luge dac bipt quan ttgng Hdi nghi Idn thu bdy Ban Chap hanh Trung uang Dang khda X (ndm 2008) da Nghi quydt sd 26 - NQ/TW vi nong nghiep, nong ddn, nong thon, vdi myc tidu xay dyng ndng thon mdi cd kit cdu hg tdng kmh tl - xa hdi hi?n dgi, co cau kinh td vd cdc hinh thiic td chuc san xuat hgp li, gan ndng nghidp vdi phat triln nhanh cdng nghidp, dich vy, dd thi theo quy hoach, xd hdi ndng thdn dn dinh, gidu ban sdc van hda ddn tdc, ddn tri duge ndng cao, mdi trudng sinh thai duge bao vd, h$ thong chinh tri of ndng thdn duge tang cudng Nghi quydt chi rd: "Ndng nghiep, ndng thdn cd vi tti Khoa hpc chinh th - So 6/2018 chiln luge ttong sy nghidp cdng nghidp hda, hi?n dgi hda, xay dyng va bao vd Td qudc Id ca sd vd lyc lugng quan ttgng dl phat triln kinh te - xa hdi bdn viing, giu viing dn dinh chinh tri, bdo ddm an ninh, qudc phdng; giii gin, phat huy ban sdc van hda ddn tdc, bdo v? mdi trudng sinh thdi cda ddt nudc"'^' Thyc hi§n Nghi quyet sd 26 cda Dang, Chinh phd da cd Chuang trinh haiih dpng, ban hdnh Bd tidu chi qudc gia vd xdy dyng ndng tbdn mdi Vdi nhiing quylt sach ciia Chinh phu va sy vdo cupc mgnh me vdi quydt tdm chinh tri cao cua cdc Bp, bMi, ngdnh d Trung uang, cdc cap chinh quyen d ca sd, vide xay dyng ndng thdn mdi d nude ta ttd mdt eudc van ddng each maig cua ddt nude tten dudng cdng nghidp hda, hien dgi hda vi myc tidu dan gidu, nude manh, phyc vy dac lyc cho cdng cugc hdi nhgp cua Vipt Nam Dgi hpi lan tiid XI cua Ddng (nam 2011) dd chi mdt sd khuyet dilm, ylu kdm aia nen kinh te vd xdc dinh chu truang ddi mdi md hinh tdng trudng, co cdu lgi nin kinh te tiieo hudng chuydn ddi md hinh tdng trudng tu chu yeu phat tridn theo chilu rdng sang phdt tridn hop li giua chieu rdng va chilu sdu, vda md rpng quy md, vua chu ttgng n§ng cao chdt lugng, hi?u qud, tinh bin vung va "phdt triln ndng lam - ngu nghiep todn dien theo hudng cdng nghi?p hda, hien dgi hda gdn vdi giai quyet tdt vdn de ndng ddn, ndng thdn", "khai thac lgi thi ciia nen ndng nghiep nhiet ddi de phat trien san xudt hang hda Idn vdi nang sudt, chdt lugng, hi?u qud vd khd ndng cgnh ttanh cao"''*\ Chu truang ndy duge cy the hda thdng qua Quylt dinh sd 399/QD~TTg (ngdy 19/2/2013) cua Thu tudng Chinh phu vl Phi duyet Be dn tong the tdi CO cdu kinh te gdn vai chuyen doi md hinh tdng trudng theo hudng ndng cao chdt lupng, hi^u qud vd ndng luc canh tranh giai doan 2013-2020, vdi myc tidu thyc Men tdi co cau gdn vdi md hinh tdng trudng theo Ip trinh vd budc di phii hgp dk din nam 2020 co ban hinh md hinh tang trudng kinh te theo chidu sdu, bdo dam chat lugng tang trudng ' Bua nghi quyet cua Bdng vdo cupc sdng nang cao hi$u qua vd nang lyc canh tranh ciia nin kinh td Tilp dd, ngdy 10/6/2013, Chmh phu da ban hanh Quylt dinh sd 899/(^-TTg vl viec Phi duyet De dn tdi co cdu ngdnh nong nghiep theo hudng ndng cao gid tri gia tdng vd phdt triin ben vimg De an tap trung vao ndi dung chinh: Mpt Id, tdi co cku cac luih vyc ttong ttgt, chan nudi, thuy san, lam nghiep, sdn xudt mudi, phdt trien cdng nghidp che bien vd ngdnh nghe ndng thdn vdi myc tidu phdt trien ben viing phai duge dp dung xuyen sudt ttong tdi ca cdu tiing luih vyc tten cd khia cgnh "kinh td", "xa hgi" vd "mdi trudng" Hai Id, ddy manh thyc hi$n chuang trinh ndng thdn mdi Phdn ddu den nam 2020, thu nhdp hp gia dhih ndng thdn tang Idn 2,5 Idn so vdi nam 2008; sd xa dat tidu chi ndng thdn mdi Id 50% vdo nam 2020 Nhu vdy, tiiyc hi?n tdi co cdu ndng nghiep la nhidm vy xm tidn ttong tdi co cdu Idnh te quoc dan vd tten thyc td, ngdnh ndng nghidp dang cd hai mat Iran chinh, la: mat ttdn sdn xudt vdi tai ca cau ngdnh vd mgt trgn ndng thdn vdi xdy dyng ndng tiidn mdi Ddy chinh Id ydu cdu vd Id nhiem vy quan ttpng mang tinh cdp thilt, theo dd, ngdnh ndng nghidp cdn phdt huy tdi da lgi the cua minh Trong dinh hudng phat tiiin kinh td - xa hdi giai dogn 2016 - 2020, Van kidn Dgi hpi Idn thd XII (nam 2016) cua Dang xdc dinh thyc hidn co cdu lgi ddng bp, tong the nen kinh te, ttong dd "ca cau lai ndng nghiep gdn vdi xdy dyng ndng tiidn mdi" la mdt ttong nhung nhi$m vy quan ttpng cka tap trung thyc hien Danh gia kit qud dat duge giai dogn 2011-2015, Dgi hgi Idn tiiu XII cua Ddng khang dinh: khu vyc ndng nghidp co bdn phdt triln dn dinh, gid tri gia tdng bmh ^udn 3,0%/ ndm; "Co cdu lgi ndng n ^ e p gdn vdi xdy dyng ndng tiidn mdi budc ddu dat kit qud tich eye Tap trung td chuc lai sdn xudt, da dang hda cdy ttong, vgt nudi theo nhu cdu thi trudng vd xay dung cdc vung sdn xudt hdng hda quy md Idn, hdn ket sdn xudt, che biln, bao qudn, tieu thy sdn pham Tang cudng dng dung khoa hpc, cdng nghp San lugng luong thyc tang dn dinh , khai tiiac, nudi ti^ng, chl bidn tiiuy sdn vdi chk lugng vd hi§u qud cao hon mgt sd mgt hang ndng san xukt khdu dgt thii hang cao ttdn the gidi nhu ggo, cd phe, cao su, hd tidu, hgt dilu, ca tra, tdm, sdn pham g§ che bien Chuong trinh xay dyng ndng thdn mdi duge ca nude ding tinh iing hd,fliuhiit duge nhieu nguon lyc vd sy tiiam gia ddng ddo cda ngudi dan"'*' Hien nay, ndng nghidp ddng gdp khoang 15,34% GDP ca nude va Id ITnh vyc cd lgi thi canh tranh Idn nhdt cda Viet Nam Nam 2017, kim ngach xuat khdu ndng, 1dm, thuy san nude ta dat 36,37 ti USD cd iihilu mat hang ndng san gid tii xudt khdu dat trdn ti USD Cy till: cao su dgt 2,26tiUSD; gao dat 2,66tiUSD; ca phd dgt 3,21 ti USD; hat dilu dat 3,52 ti USD; tiiuy sdn dat 8,32 ti USD® Ridng mgt hang rau qua, kim ngach xuat khau dgt 3,5 ti USD Day la mat hang ndng san cd miie tang trudng khd n g o ^ muc va xuat khau rau qui ttd thdnh diem sang cua ngdnh ndng nghiqi Viet Nam Qua trinh thyc hi^n Chuang hinh myc tieu qudc gia xay dyng ndng tiidn mdi da cd nhimg budc tiln ddi va ben viing, ckkg cd nhieu xa, huypn duge cdng nh&i dgt chudn ndng thdn mdi Tinh den thdng 6/2018, cd nude da cd 3.370 xa (37,76%) duge cdng nh§n dat chudn ndng flidn mdi vd 53 don vi cdp huyen da duge Thu tudng Chinh phu cdng nhdn dat chudn huypn ndng flidn mdi Binh quan cd nude dgt 14,26 tieu chi/xa'^ Ndng nghidp nude ta dang ttong giai doan chuyin ddi, h0i nh^p mgnh me, nhung ngdy cang ddi dien vdi nhieu thach fluic Hidn nay, ddi mdi md hinh td chdc sau xuat cd hidu qud cdn nhidu bdt cap, chua theo kip yeu cdu cda nen sdn xudt hdng hda Idn; cac hinh thiic hpp tdc, lien kit sdn xudt phat triln chgm, hi^u qud chua dn dinh; kinh tl hp nhd Id, mgng dat sdn xuat manh mlin, thdm chi ngdy cdng hoc Ip rihiing han chl, ylu kem vd ttd thdnh vat cdn qua trinh cdng nghipp hda, hipn dgi hda dat nude Ndng ddn da phdn cdn nghdo, thieu vdn vd khd khan ttong vide iing dyng khoa hoc Khoa hpc chinh th - S6' 6/2018 * Dua nghi quyet cua Ddng vdo cupc so'ng - cdng nghp Nghi quylt Dgi hpi Idn thu XII cda Ddng da ddnh gia: "Co cdu lgi ndng nghiep gan vdi xay dyng ndng tiidn mdi cdn chgm vd kdt qud dgt duge chua ddng diu Chg dung tidn bd khoa Hgc, cdng nghe, ca gidi hda, cdng nghiep chd biln ndng sdn vd dich vu phuc vy san xuat ndng nghiep chua d ^ iing yeu cdu Hgp tdc, lien kdt sdn xudt ndng nghipp phdt trien cdn cham Ti trpng lao ddng ttong ndng nghidp cdn ldn"
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