p NHiNRATHEGlOl ^ong thon Phap: ndi can bang cuoc song hien dai va liTu giuT nhieu gia trj truyen thong tot dep Ndi den cae nUde cdng ngMpp phat trien d chiu Au, nhU Phap, Anh, Ha Lan, Dde, Mnh anh hoac nhiing suy ngM dau tiin ap ddn la eupc sdng^o thi vdi nhip sdng hdi ha, khan trUdng; nhiing dai lp ddy dp eae ddng xe noj dudi nhau, cdng Id'i sdng Men dai, phdng khoang, ThdnhUng, edn cd mot bdc tranh nUa, hoan toan khie khdi ehdn thi thinh, di vd nhiing mien qui Vdi chung tdi, an tUdng, suy ngM dgng lai sau ehuyen di xuyin chiu Au ehUa hin cM li ndi phdn hoa dd hdi Cong nghiep phat trien, tfo thj phon hoa P h a p la qud'c gia sd hflu n h i l u dja danh edng t r i n h nghd thudt; nhflng eon sd'va t h d n h tUu an tUdng Dd la cd dien tich ldn nha't Tay Au (chie'm gan 1/5 dien tich cua Lien minh chau Au - EU) va ldn thfl ba d chau Au; cd vflng dae quyen kinh te' ldn thfl hai tren the' gidi Ve quy md k i n h td', P h a p la mpt t h d n h vidn thudc nhdra cae nUdc cdng nghiep phat trien nha't the' gidi (07), la n e n kinh te' ldn thfl nam t r e n the' gidi vdi GDP d mflc 2.700 ty 86 S694 (10-2014) USD (nam 2013), la rapt nhflng n e n kinh te ldn nha't eua EU va Men dang eung vdi Dflc, ddng vai trd t r u cdt t r o n g vide t h u e d i y qua t r i n h hpi nhdp sau hdn nfla lien ket EU P h a p ed nen edng nghiep p h a t trien vdi so' lupng ra't ldn eae doanh nghiep va nhieu doanh nghiep so' dd cd mat t i p nhflng doanh nghidp h a n g d a u t h e gidi t r o n g t a t ca cac l i n h viic (Phap cd hdn 30 sd' 500 cdng ty ldn nhd't the' gidi t r o n g d a n h sach F o r t u n e Global) Cdc n g a n h cdng nghiep mui nhpn cua Phap la; ehe tao ed khi, nhat la s a n x u a t d-td (dflng thd tii t h e gidi); h a n g khdng (thfl b a t h e gidi); thid't bj giao thdng v a n tai; vdt lidu xay diing, thie't bj; vidn thdng; edng nghiep dUde (thfl nam the gidi); my p h i m cao dp, V.V P h a p la rapt nam cfldng qud'e h a t nhan, va p h d t t r i e n n a n g lUdng hat n h a n n e n qud'c gia n i y la nude dpc lap n h i t ve nang lUdng d phudng Tay Phap la rapt t r o n g h a i cudng quoc chau Au cd sdn bay vu tru T h u n h a p b i n h qudn diu tmii/irrnuMB^ Qudn ( t ^ t n n g sin vu«n dia mat iigAinhiAGhrkiiy(PMp) ngudi cua P h a p n a m 2013 dat g i n 36.000 USD N g i n h du lich eung gdp p h i n dang ke cho ndn kinh te Phap Nhflng vien bao tdng noi tidng t h l gidi, cde cdng t r i n h kie'n trfle nghd thudt tuydt dep, hoanh trang va tinh te', t h a m d i m b a n sic, t r u y l n thd'ng vdn hda lau ddi Phap, cflng vdi am thilc e l u k^, sanh didu, ldi sing bdo hoa, phong nha, da gdp p h i n dua qud'c gia ndy Udn tue gifl ngdi vj "Didm din du lich sd' mpt the' gidi" Nam 2013, P h a p t h u hflt tren 80 trieu Ifldt khach du ljch Rieng Thu dd Pa-ri ndi tidng vdi cac dja danh, nhU Thap Ep-phen, Nha thd Dflc Bd, Bao t a n g Lu-vrd, sdng Xen, chi cd t r e n trieu dan, nhUng lUdng du khach dd'n ndi thdnh Pa-ri nam 2013 dat ky lue radi vdi 29,3 trieu lUdt ngUdi, dd ed 12,1 trieu lUdt khach qud'c te Ne'u tinh ca ba tinh xung q u a n h Pa-ri thi sd' lupng du khach len dd'n 47 tridu lupt ngUdi Do cd nen kinh te' p h a t trien vdi mflc sd'ng eao, nen Phdp cdn la diem de'n eua lan sdng ngudi n h a p cU tfl chau A, chau PM, nhieu nude chau Au, Khach du ljch nhieu, ngUdi nhap cU ddng dang tao them nhieu mau sdc cho bflc t r a n h cua eae t h a n h ldn d d i t nUdc Ndng thon yen binh Nhflng gara raau tUdng phan vdi phac hpa trdn day ve nhflng t h a n h phd' ldn, ddng due khdch du ljch, ve mdt nen cdng nghiep p h i t trien eua mpt nhflng quoc gia Tay Au giau cd, la sU bmh, xinh dep ydn tinh, lang man d nhflng thi S694 10-2014)1 87 'NHiNRATHEGltin trd'n nhd, vflng ndng t h d n Phap Ngudi ta ndi khdng sai rang, neu ehua ve cac viing que eua nude P h a p tM ehua the ndi da den Phdp TrUdc hit, la bdi P h a p ed k h u vflc san xud't ndng, lam nghiep vdi didn tich sfl dung ldn de'n 48 t r i e u h e c - t a , chie'm khoang 82% ldnh tho; rflng r a m cMera 26% lanh tho, xep thfl b a t r o n g EU (chi s a u Thuy D i l n va P h a n Lan), m a t dp dan cU ndng thdn t h i p (chi cd 6% tong so hdn 60 trieu ddn l a m vide t r o n g ndng nghiep) Lpi thd' tii nhien da dUa P h a p trd t h a n h qud'e gia dflng dau chdu Au ve s a n xuat va xuat k h a u ndng san Lua rai, gia cara, sfla, thjt bd, thit ldn cung n h u eae san pham thUe dn va rUdu vang P h a p la cae mat h a n g xua't k h a u ndng nghidp h a n g d i u eua nude ndy N a n g sua't lao dpng ndng ngMdp eao, edng nghidp ehd' bie'n thiie pham rat phat trien, chiera 5% GDP H i n g nam, Phap xua't sidu gan ty USD hang ndng san Tong cdc k h o a n trp cap ndng nghidp cfla EU ddnh cho Phap ldn tdi 14 ty USD ThU din, ngudi ta choang ngdp, t h a n phue, ngudng mp trUde nhflng edng trinh nghd t h u a t , hay hieu k^ trudc nhflng "cdi la" cua cupe sd'ng 88 I S694 00-2014) M e n dai; p h i n khich vdi nhjp s i n g n h a n h va sii on ao, ddng due; roi ddi k h i cam t h a y bflc boi vdi n a n ket xe nhflng gid eao d i l m d t h d n h ddng dan, nhieu khach du hch, the'nhUng kM ve nhiing vflng qud, cam xflc dUdc giai tda hodn toan, eon ngudi bdng nhU thd^y trflng xud'ng, r i i thong t h a Mt thd, t a n hudng cam giac n h e nhdm, t h a n h t h a n t r a n ngdp t d m h o n k h i hda vao m a u x a n h lanh, t i n h lang eua thien nhidn Chung tdi ed djp dd'n t h i tra'n Gi-vee-ny (Giverny) d Haute-Normandie, each Pa-ri khoang 70 eay so' Vfla r a khoi npi t h d n h Pa-ri, dp tdi t r o n g mflt rapt k h d n g gian xanh ngat vdi r a t nhieu rflng eay, canh ddng Thdm ehl t r e n dudng di cdn t h i y ta'm bidn ben dudng c a n h bao cd hUdu nai tfl rflng chay ngang qua Phdng m l t qua nhflng eanh dong, nhflng mang rflng xanh ra't dd ddng bat gap nhflng chdp n h a thd nhd, cang l a m t a n g t h e m cam giac t h a n h binh, a'm ap Thj tra'n Gi-vee-ny trd ndn noi tie'ng bdi day Id ndi danh hpa Clau-dd Mo-ne (Claude Monet), mdt t r o n g nhflng ngudi s a n g lap r a trUdng phai t r a n h d'n tUdng, da tii tMet kd' khu vUdn cua minh va d a n h 30 ndm cud'i ddi de ve k h u vudn ndy K h u vUdn cua C Mo-ne d Gi-vec-ny dUdc eoi la mdt nhiing k h u vfldn dep n h i t the gidi va t h u h u t rd't ddng khach du ljch Nhd n h l n , sach se, ngan n a p , dep, ydn t i n h , lang m a n , d a m cha't P h a p la nhflng cam n h a n d i u tien k h i dat c h a n d i n ngdi ldng du lich Hoa du loai, n h i e u m a u sac nd h a i ben dudng, t r o n g eac k h u vudn gia (finh, t r e n eae bd tudng, eae chau cay treo tren ban-edng cua cae ngdi nha Mae du r i t ddng khach dd'n tfl k h a p ndi t r e n thd' gidi va p h a i xep h a n g k h a Idu d^ dUde vdo t h a m q u a n khu vudn, nhUng khdng h e cd sd dn ao, vpi va, xd bo thudng t h i y d nhflng ndi ddng k h a c h du Ijch khac, cung e h i m cham, ndi k h e khe, de t d n h u d n g khdng k h i binh, yen a cua ndi Ciia h a n g lflu niem, quan caphd t h u d n g n a m gpn gang t r o n g k h u vUdn eua cac gia d i n h t r o n g i a n g Cae ngdi n h a t h a p , Id'i ngo nhd, lat da, gifl n g u y e n nhflng net t r u y e n thd'ng eua m i l n qud Ngudi d a n ndi day eung nhK d eae vflng ndng t h d n khac t h u d n g d n h a vao nhflng ngdy nghi Ho d a n h nhflng cho gia dinh - mpt nd'p sinh boat rd't d a n g tran •TssassimsBMSS trpng t r o n g cudc song hien dai Ra khdi khu vudn nic rd sflc mau cac loai hoa thay nd b i n mfla cua danh hpa Md-nd, rdi khdi Gi-vee-ny, chflng tdi mang theo nhflng I n tfldng r a t mdi me, khac la v l nudc Phap Nhiimg no Itfc tfe gin giiir ndng thon, hai hoa cuoc song Khdng phai nude P h a p khdng gap nhflng va'n de phflc tap p h a t t r i l n kinh td', gifl gin an ninh t r a t tii, an toan xa hpi, bao vd mdi trudng, gifl quy da't ndng nghiep t i l p tuc md rdng dd thi, nang eao chd't lUdng song cua ngUdi dan, Tuy nhien, nhflng gi ma qud'e gia cdng nghidp dat dUdc p h a t t r i e n n d n g nghidp, gin gifl ban sac vdn hda, dac biet d vflng ndng thdn, la nhflng kinh nghiem r i t dang t h a m khao Mdt la, Nha nude, ngUdi dan quan tam, d i u tU phat tridn ndng nghidp - mdt ldi the m l thien nMen ban tflng Phap xac djnh r i n g , mfle tang trudng cua ndng nghiep ddng gdp trflc tid'p tao vipc ldm va t a n g t h u n h a p cho nhflng ngudi true tiep va gian tie'p lam ndng ngbiep Chfnh phu dUa cac chinh sach dae bidt de bao dam chat lUdng vd nguon gdc san p h i m n h a m nang cao tfnh canh t r a n h cua cac mat hang ndng san, ed cac san p h i m cua ndng nghidp gia (finh Dong thdi nguon lao dpng ndng nghidp dupe dao tao, ed t r i n h dp Hidn nay, 34% so' Iao dpng linh vflc ndng nghidp td't n g h i d p dai hoc c h u y e n nganh; 25% cd sd boat dpng ndng nghiep sd hflu ft nha't rapt chflng n h d n ehat lUdng chinh thflc cap qud'c gia s o i ^ Men dai cdng t h i n g , on ao, d i y ap lUc cd nhflng tac dpng r a t ldn dd'n ngUdi ddn dd thj, ven do, cung nhU canh quan va Hi song cua khu vUe ven thj t h a n h De giam thieu tae ddng ndy, ddng thdi dUa khu vUc ven dd trd t h a n h ndi raang lai t r a n g thai thU gian cupe song, tfl nhiing nflm 60 cua t h l ky XX, Chinh phu Phap dUa cMnh saeh quy hoach va phat trien dd thi theo md h i n h ndng thdn O Phap, hinh thflc ndng dd thj d l ngudi dan nghiep gia ^ n h mang tinh vfla ed the tan hudng thidn ke' thfla ed vai trd dflc biet nMen, vfla dUde ddp flng nhu quan trpng viec gin gifl eau ve djch vu cua dd thj vd quan ly ben vflng tai hien dai Cud'i t u i n , ngUdi nguydn t h i e n n h i e n t a i dan dd thi ed the ve nhflng nhflng vung dd't cd ngUdi lao cfln nha cua rainh d vflng dpng Iam viee hang De ven dd nghi ngdi ldm cac khuyen kMch Mnh thflc ndng edng vide cua nhd ndng, hoac nghidp phat trien, CMnh ed cae e h u y i n du ljch da phu ban banh nhflng chinh ngoai Mpt dii an theo md saeh Uu ddi hinh thflc ndng hinh ndng thdn dd thj nghiep gia dinh, kidra soat thudng duac nhflc dd'n la Dfl chat che viec giao d i t ndng an Quy hoach vd phat trien nghidp dd dieu tiet gia thud vflng He de France (SBRIF) dd't dap flng nhu eau thud v a n h dai quy hoaeh cho Du da't ndng nghidp cua hd gia an rpng 20kra, each t r u n g (finh, dong thdi quan ly quy tam Pa-ri 10 km va dUdc bao rad khai thdc cdng nghiep vd 20 nflm 50% dien tich da't eua du an dUdc danh (hen rdng cbo phat tridn dd thj, 25% Hai li, t h u c hien k h a d a n h de p h a t trien ndng t h a n h cdng rad hinh ndng thdn - san xua't ndng nghiep, thdn dd thi, chu 25% edn lai la rflng hoflc p h a t huy mang x a n h eua cdng vien eay xanh til nhien viing ndng thdn ven dd gifla Quy hoach nhU vay vfla bao nhflng khu dan cU Cupe S694 nO-201 I 89 ^ ^ N H l N RA TH|GI(yi dam tinh c h i t p h a t trien thi, vfla dap flng dUde khdng gian xanh t u nhien eho mdi trUdng dd t h j , cdn ngudi ndng d a n cung ed t h e p h a t trien san xud't ndng nghiep d vflng giap r a n h t h a n h pho, eung d p san p h i r a cho ehinh t h d n h phd' eua minh, giam tMeu dflpc chi pM van chuyen Ba la, p h a t t r i e n ndng nghiep eanh quan Cflng vdi viec n a n g cao c h i t Ifldng ndng san, p h a t t r i e n s a n xua't ndng nghidp, ngUdi dan dUde khuye'n khfch de p h a t huy sang kie'n, gifl gin va lara dep t h e m phong eanh dac trUng cho ndng thdn t r e n eanh dong, m a n h dat, ngdi nha eua minh Rd't it, hoac hau nhU khdng gap nhflng ngdi n h a eao t a n g mang dang da'p hien dai d vung ndng thdn Phap Ngudi dan cham chut, t r a n g diem, gifl gin sU sach se eho ve ngoai cfla ngdi n h a khdng kem t r a n g tri cho ndi tha't ben trong, vi thd', mdi ngdi n h a deu raang lai sU thfl vi dd'i vdi du k h a c h C u n g k h d n g t h e k h d n g chiem ngudng va luu gifl thdt sau t r o n g ky flc nhflng c a n h ddng ngut ngan "thang eanh ed bay" Ifla mach, hoa hudng dUdng, hoa oai hUdng, nho, cflng nhflng h a n g quat gid Ngudi Phap t u hao 90 I S694 (10-2014) ve n e n vdn hda eua minh, ve nhflng n g h e t h u cdng dUdc to tien t r u y e n lai ndn ra't cd y thfle luu gifl va biet each p h a t h u y nhflng n g h l gia t r u y e n , cflng nhflng gia t r j vdn hda dae sflc Nhiing iang n g h e t r u y e n thd'ng, k h d n g gian x a n h cflng ve dep h u t hdn cua nhflng c a n h dong Ifla, canh ddng hoa, m a n g lai cho khu vUc ndng thdn P h a p mpt nguon t h u khdng nhd tfl khach du lich Ve dep t h u a n k h i e t eua ndng thdn P h a p khien cho ngudi dan P h a p va du khach ed mpt cam giac t h a n h binh, treo, n h e n h a n g r i t Phap, mpt Sli can bflng cupe sdng hidn dai, ddng thdi eflng gdi ldn suy ngara ve nhflng gia tri dleh thUc, ben vflng cua cupe sd'ng, ve ldi n h a n xet ra't sau sfle "ndng thdn P h a p la ndi gin gifl nudc Phap "sau tham" Vdi nudc ta, mpt k h d n g gian x a n h m a t , s a c h se, nhflng eay da, ben nUde, s a n dinh, nhflng luy t r e lang la M n h a n h dep, tha'm sau vao suy nghi cua mdi ngUdi d a n Viet N a m Cupe sd'ng hidn dai cang lam cho nhflng ve dep t u nhidn, ddn sd ndy trd nen dang quy Trong p h a t tridn k i n h te - xa hpi cfla da't nUdc, xay diing ndng thdn mdi la rapt chfl trUdng dflng dfln cfla D a n g vd Nha nUdc de n a n g cao c h i t lUdn{ sd'ng cua ngUdi d a n ndnj thdn, giam sfl each biet gixn n g u d i d a n n d n g t h d n vs t h a n h t h i t r o n g h u d n g thu eac t i e n fch x a hpi Tuj n h i e n , viec xay dUng ndng thdn mdi dd khong chi nang ve xay dflng ket d u ting, c a n g k h d n g dong nghia vdi vide t h j h d a ndng thdn, b i l n ndng thdn t h a n h "mpt nfla t h a n h thi", t h a n h "san s a u cua t h a n h thi", ldm mai mpt, n h a t nhda nhflng canh q u a n , kie'n t r u e d a m net l a n g que, nhflng gia trj tot d e p "td'i Ifla t d t ddn" co n h a u , m l t di nhflng cam xuc ehi ve qud mdi cd dUdc Xdy nhflng nd'p n h a truyln thd'ng, xay mdi nhflng ngdi n h d t h u i n Viet, cd cdng n a n g p h u hdp vdi eupc song h i e n dai va h i n h thflc ben n g o a i h a i h d a vdi khong gian ndng thdn ra't c i n dUdc khuye'n khich Trong t h l gidi hidn dai, nhiing gia trj van hda truyen thd'ng, nhflng net khac biet eua lang qud Viet Nam, cot each cfla n d n g thdn Viet N a m , eflng vdi sfl nhi§t t h a n h va Id'i sd'ng ehan chat eua ngudi d a n ndng thdn khdng chi luu gia, ldm giau t h e m ban sflc v a n hda Viet, md ehfle ehdn cdn la ndi tim d i n cua khach du ljch thap phUdngI