VIANSINHXAHOI Giai phdp vo \m lam va Hn sinh M hdi HirdNG Tdi MUC TIEU ON DINH KINH TE VI MO ^ ThS L£ THI MAI ANN HOC VIEN TAI CHfNH Trong giai doan 2011-2015, toc tang trirdng kinh te budc diu phuc hoi, Chfnh phi!i Viet Nam dat muc tieu tdi nam 2020, thu nh^p binh qu^n dau ngUcri dat l(hoang 3.000do-la My iami}cl(hi quan f)e dat duac muc tieu nay, yeu cau dat ia phai tai cau true nen kinh te; do, dac biet chu thj trudng iao dong, khong chi dan thuan giai quyet ciiinh sach tien luong - viec lam, ma can bSod^m sudn djnh phat trien dan so, dich chuyen lao dpng gii^a cac nganh, nghe, trinh ky nang, dta diem mot each llnh Tap chf BAO H I I M XA hoat, an toan Vay can nhutig giii phap ve viec lam va An sinh xa hoi de cd the hudng tdi muc tieu dn djnh kinh te vT mo? Cic gldl phdp chd y£u Ho trg phdt triin cdc nganh, nghi c6 ham lugng lao ddng Idn, edi thiin ehdt lugng viic idm phO hgp vdi md Nnh phdt triin kinh ti vd nhdn khdu hgc Cac chinh sich dau tUcan t i p trung vao tri, phit trien cic khu vuc cd nhieu nang tao viee lam cd chat lupng Cd mdt nghjch ly l i cic nganh xuit khau ddng gdp Idn vio tang tradng kinh td - hdi nhip, song thu nhip cua ngudi lao ddng lai rat thip, nguyen nhin chO ydu la ngudi lao ddng lim vide cic nginh cd gii trj gia tang thip Hdl ky 01 Ihang 12/2015 ning suit lao ddng thip Cin phii quan tim siu sic hdn tdi cic tie ddng xa hdi, cic md hinh kinh td Vi du, vide thinh lap cic khu cdng nghidp, khu ehd xuit cin cd dieu kidn tidn quylt l i phii bio dim didu kidn ting eho lao ddng, qua dd lid trp doanh nghidp giim chi phi sd dung, tuyen dung v i dio tao lao ddng cic ddng di chuyin lao ddng tao Tdng cudng viic idm ndng thdn vd thuc ddy qud tr)nh di chuyin lao ddng Chuyin djch lao ddng d i ^ vio 03 hudng : TCr ndng nghidp sang khu vdc phi ndng nghidp; td ndng thdn thinh thj; td khu vuc phi chfnh thOfc sang ehfnh tiiufc {tii cic vi^c lim dd bj tdn thupng, ning suit thip sang cic nhdm vide lim cd didu ki^n lao ddng chit lUpng tdt hon) Ndng thdn 10 nim tdi vSn l i V) AN SINH XA Hdl ngudn cung lao ddng cho cic nganh phi ndng nghidp va khu vUc thinh thi Theo da bao, td^ nam 2020, t^ Id lao ddng nong nghidp sd chidm dUdi 30% Bieu dd ddi hdi phii bio dim di!i ngudn lac ve ngUdi, vat chat, ting cd sd ndng thdn, thuc hien tdt cac chi'nh sich, chddng tnnh phat tridn ndng nghidp, ndng din, chfnh sich thj trudng lao ddng linh hoat, hd trp tdt hdn cho ngudi lao ddng Thuc day tdc dp chinh thdc hoa cCia cac doanh nghiep la mdt thach thde Idn ddi vdi viec lim ben vifng gSn vdi An sinh x i hdi Trong bdi cinh hidn nay, can phil coi phit triln doanh nghiep l i ddng Ipc chinh de tao vide lim, dac biet la vide lam cdng an lUdng cd chit lupng khu vUc kinh te chinh thdc khdng de dang Trong ngin han, can t i p trung vio thio gd cic rao cin; tidp c$n tin dung va dit dai phuc vu sin xuit; didu kidn lao ddng nd g^p nhieu khd khin, khuydn khich cie nd doanh nhin li didu quan trpng Lao ddng nQ' se tidp tuc ddi mat vdi nhdng khd khan cda thj trudng lao dpng, chidm t^ 1^ Idn cae nginh thim dung lao ddng - khu vac cd ning suit lao ddng, tidn edng thip va thieu an ninh Do tip trung nhieu d cic nginh cdng nghiep djnh hudng xuat khau ndn lao ddng nd de bj tdn thddng bit dn tren thj trudng ngoii nddc gia ting Cho nen, ein thu hdt ngiy cing nhidu lao ddng nd cie edng vide lim cdng an lddng di hp tidp cin tdt hdn cic chfnh sich ASXH Lao ddng nude ngoii sd tim kidm ed hdi vide lim tai Vi^t Nam v i lao ddng Vi^t Nam cung se nudc ngoai lim vide Do vay, mdt chfnh sich thj trudng lao ddng cin bio dim ky nang, tay nghd cCia lao ddng Vidt Nam tren thj trddng qudc ti Ngoii ra, vide xiy dung chfnh sich ddi vdi lao ddng ngUdi nddc ngoii lim vi§c tai Vidt Nam cOng se gdp phin bd sung cic ky ning cdn thieu cCia thj trddng lao ddng, tao dieu kidn cho doanh nghiep thu hut dau ta, tidp nhin cdng nghe sin xuat hien dat Tdng nang su^t va ti'nh canh tranh Nhdng nim qua, Viet Nam chd yeu dOa vio gii nhan cdng taong ddi rd de phit triln mdt sd nginh cdng nghidp thim dung lao ddng va hddng tdi xuit khau nha det may, giay da Kjch ban ting tradng kinh td nhanh vdi muc tieu trd thinh nddc thu nhip trung binh vio nam 2020 ddi hdi md hinh ting trudng kinh te chuyen djch ldn bae cao hdn cCia chudi gii trj thudc mang Iddi sin xuat khu vac va toan eau trdn Cd sd khai thic hidu qui ngudn vdn, nang cao chat lddng ngudn nhin Idc, thoit khdi "biy lao ddng rd" Nang cao ning lUc eanh tranh cua ndn kinh te, can phii dpa tren vide tang nang suit lao ddng; eii thidn chat lupng tang trudng, lay nang suit, hidu qui lim muc tidu, lay chuyen djch ca ciu lao ddng td khu vuc cd nang suit thap sang khu vUc cd nang suat cao Tidp tuc ddi mdi hdn nda doanh nghiep nhi nddc Ning cao trinh dp, ky nang eua lao ddng, die bidt l i ky nang quin ly v i trinh dd ky thuit bic cao, ddi hdi cae bidn phip ddng bd de cii thidn chat lddng hd thdng giio due v i die tao Ddng thdi, ting eddng lidn itet gida ngddi sd dung lao ddng v i cd sd dio tao nghe de dip dng tdt hdn cic nganh, nghe mdi, vdi thdc tidn cdng vlec va dng dung cdng nghd mdi Phdt trlen thi trddng lao ddng hidn tfai, tdng cUbng qudn tri thj trUdmg laotfdng,hd thtfng thdng tin tfl h6 trtf lao tfdng di chuyen llnh ho^t hidu qud Tii Cd ciu kinh te theo ^nh hddng thj trudng v i hdi nhip kinh te qudc te tao nhidu cd hdi vide lim Cie chinh sich phii ddpc didu hinh hidu qui de can ddi gida tinh llnh hoat cua thj trudng lao ddng va an ninh vide lam cho ngddi lao ddng Ngoai ra, cii each kinh te da dat nhQng thich thdc mdi cho doanh nghiep v i ngddi lao dpng, ddi hdi phii chu trpng hdn ddn phit trien quan iid lao ddng, chi'nh sich tien Iddng va giii quydt tranh ehap lao ddng Vdi mdt nen kinh td chuyen ddi, khudn khd phip ly va eac thd ehe thj trddng lao ddng la nen mdng cin bin li de tao mdi trddng thuan lpi cho phit triln kinh td, dau td nudc ngoai v i nang cao nang Ipe canh tranh qudc te Can hoan thien phip luat lao ddng, die biet l i quy djnh vd hpp ddng lao ddng, thda Udc iao ddng t i p thi, chfnh sich tien laong v i tien lUdng tdi thilu ThCie day cic ed ehe ddi thoai v i thUdng Idpng thdng qua he thdng dai dien ngUdi lao ddng, ngudi sd dung lao ddng v i cac the ehe ba bdn tai cip dd nganh, khu vdc, dja phddng, xiy dung nhidu lo^i hinfi thda ddc lao ddng tip the hidu qui Ting eddng nang tidp cin dio tao nghd eho phu nd, nidn, kdt hpp vdi cie djch vu hd trp tim kidm vi^c lam; xiy ddng chUdng trinh vide lim cdng, vide lim tam thdi cda ngUdi lao ddng that nghidp hoie bj mitvi^c lam Ddng thdi, thidt lap hd thdng thdng tin thj trudng lao ddng linh manh de hd trp qui trinh quyet djnh, eung cip thdng tin cd chit Idpng, dang tin cay, cip nhit vd nhu ciu ky ning v i dio tao cda lue lUpng Iao ddng, cung nhU cic ed hdi vide lim mdi cho ngddi dang tim vide; hd trp cd hidu qui lao ddng nghdo, lao ddng khu vde kinh td phi chfnh thdc, nidn mdi gia nhap thj trudng lao ddng, ngddi cao tudi, ngUdi tin tit, lao ddng bj mSt vi^c cii cich kinh td v i chuyin djch ed ciu; hd trp lao ddng di cd nddc v i qudc td.l -httpV/tapchibaohiamxahoi.gov.vn 33 TU V A N , GlAl £>AP CHE D d , CHfNH SACH BHXH, BHYT Nguyen Thu Tra (Vinh Phijc): Bd tdi dd cd thdi dadng sdc phuc hdi sdc khde tCr -10 ngdy gian tham gia BHXH bdt bugc 32 ndm, thdng mdt nam; mde hddng bing 25% mde lUdng cd sd 12/2014, dan vi nai bdtdi cdng ttic gidi thi, dd bdndu nghl tai nhi, bing 40% mde Iddng cd sd nlu tdi dugc 58,5 tudl, vl vdy dugc chdt sS BHXH di chd nghl t i p trung; hd sd gidi quydt hudmg dadng sdc du tudi gidi quyit chidd huu Tuy nhiin, viia qua bd phuc hdi sdc khde l i danh sdch de nghj ngadi toi chdng may bi benh ngng qua ddi, chiia nhdn chisddung lao ddng lip Nhuv$y,trudng hpp ngddi dd g) tii BHXH Vdy gia dinh tdi cd thidt/ac nhdn che lao ddng tai chdc (dang cdng tic cd tham gia dd tiJ tuaf tif thdi gian ddng BHXH khdng? BHXH), sdc khde cdn yeu chda di lim dupe khoing thdi gian theo quy ^ n h thi dupe tilp tpc nghl viec huifng chd dd dudng sdc phpc Trdieri: Theo quy cHnh Luat BHXH hidn hinh (Sidu 63, hdi sdc khde Cdn ddl vdi trddng hc^ d i thdl vl^c, Dieu 64, Didu 65, Didu 66,Didu 67), gia dinh chi se hidn t?i khdng cd quan hd lao ddng, phip luit v l dugc hudng cic khoin trp cap sau: Ngadi lo mai BHXH khdng cd quy djnh hddng dan d l giii quydt tingdupenhin trp cip mai ting bing 10 thing hddng chd dd dddng sdc phuc hdi sdc khde lUdng cd sd; thin nhan ddpc hddng trp cap tuat TrSn Huy Long (Hd N6i): Tdi cdng tdc tgi mdt hing thing hodc trp cip tuat mdt lln, cu the: - Tnidng hop hddng trp cip tuSt hing thing: dan vi ddng trin dja bdn qudn Nam TCf Liim, cd thk Ddpc tdi da 04 dinh su^ttuit ndu cd thin nhin l i BHYT ddng k^ khdm, chifa binh ban ddu tgi Binh (chda dii 15 tudi, chda du 18 tudi ndu cdn df\ viin Nam Thdng Long (Hd Ndi) VCfa qua, tdi bi binh hoc, td dCi 15 tudi trd len neu bj suy giim gan vd chd ddng nhdp Binh vi$n Saint Paul diiu tri ning lao ddng td 81 % trd len); vp td dd 55 tudi trd (trdi tuyin), thdi gian ndm vi$n 15 ngdy; khf viin idn ho|ic dddi 55 tudi ndu bj suy glim ning tgi Gidy viin cd ghi Idi dgn cda bdc stcho phip d lao ddng td 81% trd Idn; cha dd, me dd, cha vp, nhd diiu tri ngogi trd 07 ngdy, sau 07 ngdy tdi khdm me vp, ngd^ khic m i bd chj cd tricli nhidm phii vd dugc cdp Gidy C65-HD cho nghl tUp 07 ngdy nudi dddng td dd 60 tudi trd ldn ddi vdi nam, 55 Vdy tdi cd dugc todn chedd dm dau cho todn tudi trd len ddi vdi nd hoac neu dddi 60 tudi ddi bd sd ngdy ngh! ngogi trO khdng? Viic nhdp vi$n vdi nam, dddi 55 tudi ddi vdi nd v i bj suy giim trdi tuyin cd dnh hudng din vl4c toiin mCfc ning lao ddng td 81% trd Idn Thin nhin l i hudng chid$ 6m dau khdng? Vd, cha, me v i ngddi khic phii khdng cd thu nhip hoac thu nhip hing thing nhung thip hdn Trd ldi: mde lddng cd sd Mde trd cap bing 50% mde Theo quy dinh tai Thdng tU sd 11/1999/mTIddng cd sd ddi vdl moi ^ a n nhin hoie 70% mde BYT-BHXH cua Bd Y td v i BHXH Viet Nam, co sd Iddng cd sd ddl vdi thin nhan khdng cd ngddi khim, chda benh tuydn tinh trd Idn cho ngadi nudi dudng trpe tilp bdnh nghl tdi da khdng qui 10 ngiy TrUdng hpp - Trddng hpp hddng trp cip tuit mdt lin: Neu sau thdi gian didu trj ngoai trd d tuydn huy$n, bd chj khdng cd thin nhin hadng trp cip tuit tuyin tinh, neu ngddi bdnh chua khdi thi phil hing thing theo cic trudng hpp ndu trdn, gia khim lai v i tiep tuc cho nghl thdm nhUng tdi da dinh chi dd nghj hddng trp cip tuit m^t ISn Mde khdng qui 10 ngdy, tdng sd thdi gian cho nghl trp cap tuit m^t ISn trudng hc^ dang bio lUu chda bdnh ngoai tru nhilu nhat td 27 ngdy thdl gian ddng BHXH, cd mdi nim tfnh bSng 1,5 (khdng k l thiA gian didu trj ngo^i trd t^l tuyin thing mde binh quin tidn lucmg, tidn cdng thing xi) Hdt thdi han niy, bdnh vln chua khdi, phil ddng BHXH, mde thip nhit bSng 03 thing dua vio didu trj ndi trd hodc chuyin tdi B^nh vidn Dilu dadng - Phuc hdi chdc ning Theo quy djnh Trin Thu Hh (Hd N6I): Tdi 35 tudi, dd nghi viic cda Lu$t BHXH, sd ngdy nghl dm dau mdt trudc sinh con, viia qua dugc gidi quyit hudng nam (khdng k l bdnh ddi ngdy) ddpc tfnh theo chi dd thai sdn nghl 06 thdng Tdi dugc biit chfnh thdi gian tham gia BHXH, mde thip nhit Id 30 sdch BHXH cd chi dd dUdng sCfc phuc hdi sdc khde ngdy/nim Vide todn hddng BHXH chl dd sau sinh, vdy tdi cd thidi nghj gidi quyit hi/dng chi dm dau Ididng p^u thudc vio vide khim, chCfa dd ndy khdng? bdnh dung tuydn hay trdi tuydn md phu thudc vio chd dd nghl nim theo quy dinh ndu trdn Ddi cfiilu vdl trddng hpp dng Long, dCi dilu Trd \iA: Luit BHXH quy djnh, lao ddng nd sau thdi gian hddng c h l dd 6m dau ndu tfnh ddn thdi dilm bi hadng chl dd thai sin sinh theo quy ^nh, dm dng dang tham gia BHXH bit budcH khoing thdi gian 60 ngiy tfnh td thdi diem ThSXd Thi Thu HUAig (Ban ThUc hiin cMnh trd lai lim vide m i sdc khde cdn yeu thi dapc nghl sdch BHXH, BHXH Viit Nam) 34 Tap chi BAO H I I M XA HOI ky 01 thAng 12/2015 ... toan eau trdn Cd sd khai thic hidu qui ngudn vdn, nang cao chat lddng ngudn nhin Idc, thoit khdi "biy lao ddng rd" Nang cao ning lUc eanh tranh cua ndn kinh te, can phii dpa tren vide tang nang... chat lupng tang trudng, lay nang suit, hidu qui lim muc tidu, lay chuyen djch ca ciu lao ddng td khu vuc cd nang suit thap sang khu vUc cd nang suat cao Tidp tuc ddi mdi hdn nda doanh nghiep nhi... de tao mdi trddng thuan lpi cho phit triln kinh td, dau td nudc ngoai v i nang cao nang Ipe canh tranh qudc te Can hoan thien phip luat lao ddng, die biet l i quy djnh vd hpp ddng lao ddng, thda