•L4iiiiiijjj|itJfgtBmi^' v9:ii G I A O DUC DAO DU'C NGHE CHO LAO D O N G CAC T I N H D O N G BANG SONG ClTU LONG • ThS NguySn Thi Hue (*) T M TAT Gido dgc dgo diie la mpt npi dung quan trpng gido dgc nhdn cdch ngudi phdt triin todn diin Sinh thdi Chu tich Ho Chi Minh ludn nhdc nhd mpi ngudi phdi cd diic, cd tdi mdi ddng gdp dupe nhiiu lpi ich cho xd hpi Mdi giai dogn lich sii phdt triin xd hpi cd mgc tieu, npi dung, chuang trinh, phuang phdp, hinh thuc gido due cu the nhdm xdy dung nhdn each todn diin cho thi he tri, ddp ieng duac nhiing yeu cdu, ddi hdi phdt triin cda xd hpi Tie khda: dgo diic, nghe Dong bang sdng Ciiu Long SUMMARY Moral education is an important content in education human personality comprehensive development The Chairman of the Ho Chi Minh always remind people to be virtuous and talented contributions are many benefits to society Each historical period of social development aims, content, programs, methods, specific forms of education in order to build a comprehensive personality for the younger generation, to meet the requirements, demands development of society Keyword: Ethics, job, labor, Mekong Delta Dat van de Dd an phat trien van hda ndng thdn giai dogn 2010-2015 vd dinh hudng 2020 cd ndu: "Phat trien ndng thdn trdn ca sd ke thua nhung ket qud, thdnh tyu da dat dugc cdng tac xay dyng ddi sdng vdn hda co sd d ndng thdn; vide xdy dyng ndng thdn van minh, hidn dai phdi bdo tdn, giii vdng ban sdc van hda dan tpc tung vung, midn, dan tpc" Trong npi dung cugc vgn dpng hpc tgp va lam theo tam guong dgo due Ho Chi Minh cung cd vidt: "Sy nghipp ddi mdi dat nudc da va dang dgt nhiing yeu cau ngdy cdng cao ddi vdi sy hinh va phat trien nhiing phdm chat dgo due tdt dpp cua ngudi Vipt Nam, ddng thdi tgo nhiing thugn lgi va nhiing thu thach mdi ddi vdi mdi chiing ta ITnh vyc dgo diic Han liic nao hdt, hipn toan Dang, todn dan ta phdi quan tam ddy du den vdn dd dao ddc, tidp tuc xay dyng, hoan thipn nhiing ehudn myc dao due diing dan, tien bg, ddy mgnh giao due, ren luyen va tang cudng qudn ly dao due Dang va nhan dan" Trdn thue td, khu vyc DBSCL vdi nhung bidn ddi vd thien tai, tinh hinh dan sinh, ddn tri, nan that nghidp Id vdn dd nan giai khu vye Tuy nhien, nhiing nam gdn day kinh td d DBSCL cung cd nhidu mat phat tridn tgo tien dd thuc ddy kinh td trpng diem phia nam Xa hpi ngdy cang hdi nhgp sy phat trien cdc ngdnh nghd cung vdi nhung mat tdn tgi cua nd, ma nguyen nhan chinh la ^ thuc dgo due nghd nghi$p cua cac ed nhdn linh vyc vd trach nhiem nghd Nhtrng ndm qua, xa hdi da ganh chiu nhung hau qud md nguydn nhdn chinh la hanh vi vi phgm dgo ddc nghe nghipp dd lgi tdn thdt KHOA HOC - UNG DUNC nang nd den sdc khoe, tinh thdn, gidng ndi cua ngudi Viet Nara Rieng d khu vyc DBSCL la noi dang bao dgng nhat vd hipn tugng vi phgm dgo due nghd nghidp Vi vdy coi dao due nghe nghipp Id mgt van dd quan trgng nhdt cdn phai kip thdi quan tdm chdn chinh, myc tidu phdt tridn kinh td trpng didm phia Nam Trong cdc nganh nghd trpng diem dang dugc chu trgng ddo tgo he thdng cac trudng nghe, cac co sd day nghe Mac du myc tidu ddo tgo nghe ludn tap trung den dao due, nhung tren thuc td van chua day mgnh ndi dung cy thd dd ddo tao cac nganh nghe, chi tap trung chu trgng ky ndng hanh nghe sau trudng, cdn dao due nghe nghiep gdn nhu hi lu md muc tieu day nghe Gido due dgo ddc nghd nghiep phdi dugc quan tam bdi dudng song hdnh vdi ky nang cac nganh nghe trpng diem khu vyc Phdi dua dao ddc nghe nghiep trd thdnh myc tieu hang ddu cac ITnh vuc ddo tao nghe tii so cap den nang cao, bao gdm ca dao tgo nghe cho lao dpng ndng thdn Be tung budc xdy dung dgi ngu lao dpng cua DBSCL cd tdm va tam, thuc hipn ben vung xa hdi, giao luu vdi the gidi, tiep thu tidn bd khoa hpc, hgp tac, dau tu trdn nen tang cd dao due Khu vyc DBSCL se khdng cdn nhung thiet hgi tidn bg ky thugt va hanh vi vi phgm dao diic gay vd sdc ngudi va cua Nhgn thirc ve dao dire ndi chung va dgo d u e nghe nghiep Trudc hdt ndi ve ban chdt ngudi xa hdi hipn dgi: chiing ta ddu bidt rdng mdi ngudi ddu chda dung hai ban thd: "sinh hgc va xa h§i", dd ban the xa hdi ddng vai trd chu dao ddi vdi su phdt trien cua ngudi Nhung,"lam ngudi" thi lai Id khia cgnh khac bdi day la bieu hien trinh dp Ngudi, phdm chdt Ngudi, ndng lyc Ngudi ngudi Ngay xa hdi da chuydn sang giai dogn mdi cua cdng nghp hien dgi, nang lyc va trinh dp ngudi khdng ngung dugc nang cao tdc ddng cua nen cdng nghidp sd, nen kinh te thi trudng, ngudi bi cam dd bdi ddng tidn cho ca nhan hp, mdt so vi dy didn hinh: benh tich ludn xay nganh gido dye; Nganh y: thidu trdch nhiem nghd nghidp, bdnh lua ddi, cau tha, thdi dp thieu van hda ddi vdi ngudi benh; Ngdnh ndng nghidp: sd dyng qua nhieu thudc bao ve thyc vdt lam anh hudng den sdc khde ngudi tieu dung; Viec su dyng qua nhieu thudc tang trpng chdn nudi, gdy dnh hudng den sue khde ngudi tieu dung; Xdy dyng: nhieu cdng trinh xdy dung bi cdt xen, gay thiet hgi rdt ldn vd sdc ngudi, sue cua ; Cac ngdnh cdng nghiep thi xa chdt thai chua xu Iy mdi trudng gdy d nhiem benh tdt, huy hoai hoa mau cua ngudi ddn; cdng tdc qudn ly xd hgi: thieu trach nhipm de td nan xa hdi didn bidn cdng tinh vi, phuc tap Tuy nhien dd tim mdt sd cu the ve van de la mpt qua trinh khdo sat, rim hieu lau ddi Rieng d khu vyc DBSCL la noi dang bao ddng nhdt vd tinh hinh vi pham dao due nghd nghiep, vdn dd can ddt la cdn cd bidn phdp nghidn cuu, khdo sat chan chinh kip thdi cho vung dat khd khan nay, dd vung kinh td trgng didm phia Nam that sy vung manh ca ve tiem nang, ndng lyc ngudi, trinh dp nhdn thuc Thu- tim giai phap cho v4n de giao due dao dire nghe nghiep tai Dctng bang sdng Ciru Long 3.1 Nang cao nhdn thuc cho can bd quan Iy, ngudi lao dgng va toan xa hdi ve gido dye dao due nghd nghiep va tim nguyen nhdn dan ddn Ipch lgc dao due dd chdn chinh, giao due 3.2 Xay dyng ndi dung chuang trinh mdn hgc "Gido dye dgo due nghe nghiep" cac trudng nghd Cdn xay dyng ndi dung chuang trinh theo hudng ddng tam, tap trung vao nhiing phdm chdt ca ban cua nhdn each, luang tdm, nhiing ky cuang cua phdp lugt Vdn dyng phuang phap giao dye dao due sat thyc td la ly thuydt gdn vdi thyc tidn, mpt ddng tac, mdi san phdm tgo ra, ngudi thdy nen gan dgo due nghd nghiep" san phdm dd nhu la mpt ldi nhac nhd Vi mpt hanh vi trai dao ddc cua ngudi day se vd hidu hda kdt qua qua trinh giao due vd phu nhgn vai trd cua ngudi thdy Trong giao dye dgo due nghd nghiep can khuydn khich, dgng vien neu guong ngudi tdt, vi^c tdt nhung ciing khdng loai trd cac bidn phap xii Iy cung rdn ddi vdi ngudi xdu, viec xau 3.2 Td chuc eac khda tap hudn cho can bg xa, phudng, hgi phu nu, gido vidn tham gia day nghe y thuc dugc tam quan trgng ciia giao dye dgo due nghd nghiep cung nhu phuang phdp truyen dgt ndi dung bai ban, khoa hpc Vi hp la ngudi tuyen truydn giao dye dao due cd anh hudng nhdt, manh me nhdt qudn chung nhan dan Xdy dung md hinh xd hpi hda ve giao dye truyen thdng, giao due gia tri sdng thdng qua cac ky nang va tam guang Phai cd nhung tdm guang dao ddc tdt, lanh manh vd "phdn thudng" xdc dang Ci day, ngodi myc tieu "sdng va Iam vide theo tdm guong vT dgi cua Chii tich Hd Chi Minh" Phdi cho ngudi hgc thdy dugc nhiing tdm guong cd hien thyc ma eac em dang tiep xuc ddi didn hang ngdy dd la: ngudi qudn ly, ngudi thdy, ngudi cha, ngudi me nhung ngudi ma tryc tiep dnh hudng den hdnh vi, thai do, ldi sdng vd cdch ldm vide cua nhdm lao dgng "Phan thudng" co liln quan den viec giao dye dao dire nhu the nao? Phdn thudng dugc hidu nhu phuang thuc de khich Ip ca nhan sau mdi lan lam viec tdt Phan thudng hinh cho tre nhd gidng nhu mdt phan xa an sdu vao tam thiic, dd ren cdc em tu nhd Mudn vdy phai cdi thien vd tidn luang cho ngudi thay, ngudi quan ly de hg tap trung phat huy hdt khd nang va trach nhiem cua minh Tien luang cd thd xem nhu Id "phdn thudng" cho ngudi ldn De mdi ca nhdn bdt ky hodn cdnh ndo cung cd the tu gido dye nhdn cdch va chdn chinh dugc hanh vi cua minh 3.3 Ddi mdi phuong phdp gido due vd chudn ddnh gia dgo due ciia hpc sinh: Phuang phap giao due dao due theo kieu "tdm chuang trich cu" khdng cdn phu hgp, cdn phdi dua hpc sinh-sinh vien vdo xu ly cdc tinh hudng thyc td Can dua nhiing tidu chi dinh hudng cho hpc sinh ren luyen cung nhu nhung dieu can nhan xet nhu; ndng luc tu duy, khd ndng sdng tgo sd trudng cd tinh y thiec tap the, chuyin cdn, thdi dp vdi mpi ngudi Can cd cai nhin tdng thd, ddy du han tu nhung dai bieu ddn, nhung quan chuc cd trdch nhiem Chu khdng nen kdt luan qud dan gian: "suy thoai giao due la thdy cd kem dao due", de rdi ung dung phan xet, vd can va vd cdm trudc nhung ydu kem cua gido due TAP CHI KINH TE - CONG NGHIE KHOA HOC - UNG DUNG Ket luan Nhu vdy "giao dye dao ddc nghe nghiep": Dugc hidu Id mdt chudn nguydn tdc dd giao due todn didn ve hanh vi, thai sudt cugc ddi cua ngudi; Phai cd sy tac ddng de nd thdm nhdp sau vdo ban than cua mdi cd nhdn mgt each ty nhidn, dd cd nhdn dd ty giao due nhan each (each sdng) cua minh, trudc hdt thdng qua sy ty phan xet cua luong tdm vd hanh vi de eiing cd chuan myc dao ddc, dd dgt ddn hdnh vi cua hg hogt ddng phu hgp vdi chuan muc dgo due dd Mat khac, dya vdo d u lugn xa hdi, phap luat hg ty didu chinh hdnh vi cua minh, dieu chinh cd nhung chuan myc dao due ea nhan nhdn thdy nd sai Ipch vdi chudn myc xa hdi Gido due dao diic nghe nghiep trudc nhat phdi gido due sy nhdn thuc dgo ddc bdn thdn ngudi va nd phdi dugc gido due sudt ddi Tdm lai, nhung giai phdp de gido due dao due xa hpi bien dpng nhu hipn nay, ldm thd ndo dd moi ca nhdn du Idn hay nhd, du d bat ky dia vi va giai cdp ndo di niia, vdn y thdc dugc rang, pham chat dgo due la mpt cua cai quy gid nhdt cugc ddi cua ngudi, va phai ty giao dye dao due cua minh den sudt cudc ddi de phu hgp vdi chuan myc xd hdi, cung nhu Ph.Angghen khang dinh.- "Con ngudi dd tu gidc hay khdng tu gidc, rut cupc diu rut nhitng quan niim dgo diic eua minh tie nhiing quan he thue tien dang ldm ca sd cho vi tri giai cdp eua minh, tiic Id tie nhUng quan he kinh te xd hpi luc bdy gid" Nhu vdy, dd hgc tap sudt ddi cdc ITnh vyc khdc vd cung de tdn tgi thi trudc hdt phai ty ren vd ludn ludn gido dye minh vd nhan each dgo diic, nhat la nhirng ngudi ITnh vyc gido dye chung ta Ludwig van Beethoven (nha soan nhgc ed didn ngudi Ddc) da tdng ndi: "Hay dgy dgo due cho cdi bgn, chi cd dgo due chit khdng phdi vdng bgc mdi ldm chung sung sudng" Tdi lifu tham khdo [1] Ban nghien cuu chien luge (2008), Tinh hinh gido dge Vi$t Nam nhirng ndm ddu the ky 21, Tgp chi, khoa hgc- Giao due, Vien Chien luge vd Chuang trinh gido dye- Bd Gido due va Dao tao, sd 31/2008 [2] Bdo Viet Nam Dgy hpc theo quan diem hpc sudt ddi, Thdng 08/2008 [3] GS-TS Nguydn Huu Chdu (2008), Chuang triit ly "Gido due vi su phdt triin todn dien cua mdi ngudi", Tgp chi Khoa hge - Giao dye, Vien Chidn luge va Chuang trinh giao dye- Bd Giao due vd Ddo tao, sd 1/2008 [4] PGS-TS Nguydn Khdc Hung - TS Le Dinh Vien (2013), Gido trinh Ly lugn Xd hdi hpc tap, NXB Dgi hgc Thai Nguyen [5] TSKH Phgm Dd Nhgt Tien, Dgo due vd vdn di thi chi hda, Tgp chi khoa hpcGiao due, Vien Chien luge vd Chuang trinh giao dye - Bd Giao dyc-Ddo tao, sd 30/2008 [6] ThS Pham Bich Thuy, Mpt sd yiu td dnh hudng din ndng luc gido due hdnh vi dgo dire cua cdc bdc cha me ddi vdi tre 5-6 tudi giai dogn hien Tap chi, khoa hgc- Gido duc,Vipn Chien luge va Chuang trinh giao due- Bd Giao dye vd Dao tao, sd 34/2008 Ngay nhgn: 26/9/2013 Ngay duydt dang: 26/12/2013 ... ITnh vuc ddo tao nghe tii so cap den nang cao, bao gdm ca dao tgo nghe cho lao dpng ndng thdn Be tung budc xdy dung dgi ngu lao dpng cua DBSCL cd tdm va tam, thuc hipn ben vung xa hdi, giao luu... phap cho v4n de giao due dao dire nghe nghiep tai Dctng bang sdng Ciru Long 3.1 Nang cao nhdn thuc cho can bd quan Iy, ngudi lao dgng va toan xa hdi ve gido dye dao due nghd nghiep va tim nguyen... chan chinh kip thdi cho vung dat khd khan nay, dd vung kinh td trgng didm phia Nam that sy vung manh ca ve tiem nang, ndng lyc ngudi, trinh dp nhdn thuc Thu- tim giai phap cho v4n de giao due