Nghi§n ci5u Gia d i n h vk G i i S6 2019 Cic djch vu cOngticxa hOI v6l nam gidi gdy bao luc nhim giim thii^u bao lire gla Oinh MnMglAlvilalVieiNam HoAng Tuylt Mai D^i hpc Y t l Cdng c ^ g Tom tit: B90 luc gia dkih (BLGD) hi$n dang Id dilm nong cda nhilu quIc gia tren thi gidi vd Vi§t Nam v ^ ngn ndy ngdy m^t gia tang Nguiri gay B U J D chd yiu Id nam gidi, vi v ^ cdc ho?t dOng cong tac xa hOi (CTXH) vdi nam gi6i gay BLGD la mOt cadi tilp cdn quan trpng nhim g i ^ thilu BLGD vd dupe coi Id mOt cdc gidi phap thilt thpc nhit hi^n Cdc nghien ohi da mo td mOt bdc tranh todn c^nh vl cde djch vg cong tdc xa hOi vdi nam gidi gay b^o Ipc ma cac quoc gia tren thi gidi cimg nhu d Yi^ Nam da vd dang thyc hi|n, tfi so sdnh, phdt huy vd kl thira nhOi^ dich vy cong tdc xa hpi vdi nam gidi c6 tinh hi$u qud cao umg d^ng vdo cdng cuOc gidm thilu tinh trgng BLGD tgi Vi$t Nam Bai vilt t ^ trung ting quan cac djch vy cong tac xa hOi vdi nam gidi gay bgo lye nhdm phong chlng bgo lye gia dmh (PCBL(H)) tren thi gi6i vd tgi Vi$t Nam Til- khoa: Bgo lye gia dinh; Djch vy coi^ tdc xa hOi; Phdng chlng bgo lycgia£nh Ngay nh3n bai: 20/12/2018; ngdy chlnh sua: 7/1/2019; duy$t dang: 31/1/2019 1.D$tvindl Ngay tu ljch sd hogt d$ng nghi cdng tdc xd hgi tren thi gidi dd de cao xdy dyng vd triln khai cdc bi$n phdp can thipp trj li^u doi vdi nhdm nam gidi nhdm gidm thilu vd c h ^ dOrt hdnh vi BLGD Vipt Nam nhOng ndm gan day ehinh phu vd cgng ding quoc te tgi Vipt Nam dang rat no Iyc Hoang Tuyit Mai 59 dl thyc hi^n nhdng hogt dgng can thipp vdi nhdm nam gidi nhdm gidm thilu BLGD Bgo lye gia dinh dang Id vln dl thu hiit sy quan tdm ciia todn xd hgi, nd ngdy cdng dugc cOng ding quoc tl thira nhgn nhu Id mOt trd nggi cho vipc thyc hipn eac myc tidu phat triln cda thien nien ky md Lien Hgp Quoc dd dua Cd tdi 58% phy nd tiing kit hdn cho biet dd trai qua it nhat mpt hinh thdc bgo lye vl thi xdc, tinh dye hay tinh than (UNIFEM, Bg Lao dpng - Thuong binh vd Xd hdi 2010) Kit qud bdo cdo cua 61/63 tinh, thdnh cho bilt, ndm 2012 todn quoc cd 38.294 ngudi gay BLGD chu yiu la nam gidi vdi 33.162 ngudi (nd 5.132 ngudi) (Bg Vdn hod, Thi thao va Du ljch, 2012) Nh§n djnh cOa T I chdc Y t l thi gidi WHO: "Phan Idn bgo lye dii vdi phy nd xdy gia dinh thi ngudi gay bgo tyc gan nhu ludn ludn Id nam gidi, thudng Id ngudi chong h o ^ ngudi tinh, hay nhimg ngudi ddn dng mdi quen bilt ciia phy ni^' (WHO, 2005) Phan Idn cac chien djch truyen thdng, gido dye ndng cao nhgn thdc vd can thipp ho trg deu hudng tdi doi tugng Id phy nd vd dugc thyc hipn bdi phy nd m$c dii nhdng ndm gin ddy, vai trd tham gia ciia nam gidi vipc PCBLGD dd dugc khdng djnh tren nhieu diin ddn qu6c tl Cdc chuang trinh hudng tdi vipc long ghep sy tham gia ciia nhdm doi tugng ndy thyc t l van chua dugc quan tdm vd phdt hiin dung mdc tgi nhilu quIc gia dang phdt triln (Walston Naomi, 2005) Theo mgt s l nghien cuu gan day, phan nhilu ede chuong trinh chi tgp trung vdo phy nd vd trd em gdi dd khdng gidi quylt dugc cdc van dl cdn ton tgi - nhihig dieu phdt sinh td cac gia trj va djnh kiln gidi - thgm chi cdn cd the cung co them cac khudn mau xd hOi dugc hinh thdnh dya tren khdc bipt gidi (Alan, D.B and D.Mathews, 2004) d Vift Nam nhOng ndm gan day, van dl ndy dang dugc nhin nh|in mgt cdch nghiem tiic d cdc d p khdc ciia hp thong nhd nude Chinh phu vd cgng ding quoc t l tgi Vipt Nam dang rIt no lye de thyc hi^n nhfhig hogt dpng can thipp phu hgp nhdm phdng chong vd gidm thilu BLGD tac dgng din nhdm nam gidi gdy bgo lye T6ng quan cdc nghidn ci>u if nif6c ngodi Theo Alyce La Violette (2004) dilu trj nhdm doi vdi nam gidi cd hdnh vi Igm dyng bgn tinh dd Id mgt hipn tugng kha bien td dau nhihig ndm 70 Cdc nhdm ndy dugc xay dyng vdi sy khuyen khich td phong trdo dau tranh ciia nhihig phy nd bi bgo hdnh, vd giai dogn td giita den cuoi nhihig ndm 1970, dugc cdc nhd vgn dgng chinh sdeh nhin nhgn nhu mpt thdnh to quan trgng gdp phan gidm thilu tinh trgng bgo tyc doi vdi phy nd Vdo nhdng ndm 1980, vipc dieu trj theo nhdm dii vdi nam gidi cd hdnh vi bgo hdnh ngudi khdc dd trd thdnh quy djnh bdt bugc eua qud trinh to tyng hinh sy Vdo ndm 1979, Thay the Bgo Iyc (Chuong dinh ATV), mdt 60 Nghidn cdu Gla dinh vd GIM QuyIn 29, t& 1, tr 68-66 nhihig chuang trinh dau tien sd dyng cdc nhdm trj tripu dugc thyc hipn bdi cdc cdp cdn bd nam-nd, dugc phdt triln nhu mgt chuang trinh ciia WomenShelter d Long Beach, California Day Id mgt chuong trinh dgc ddo cho din 18 thdng la thai gian can thipp toi thieu cho nhdm nam gidi gdy bgo lye nhdm giup ngudi tham gia cd kha ndng thay doi vd sy thay doi cua hp dugc phdn dnh myc tieu ciia chuang trinh Bg tidu chi danh gid kit qud tgi ATV bao gom: Cham diirt hdnh vl thi chit; Cdng nhgn cac hinh thdc xam hgi phi the chat; Thay doi thdi dg hay niem tin; Nhgn trdch nhipm; Bung phdt bgo Iyc ngdn hon vd nhp hon vdi qudng thdi gian gida cde dgt biing phdt ddi hon; Phdt triln ciia sy dong cdm vdi ngn nhdn bj hg xam hgi; Tham gia nhdm thudng xuyen; Hgp tdc nhdm vd tuan thii cdc quy tdc nhdm; Dinh nghTa lgi khdi nipm sdc mgnh nhu khd ndng dua lya chgn, vd khd ndng tgo sy thay doi cugc song cda chinh minh ma khdng de dga ngudi khdc; Kiid ndng lay lgi binh ttnh; Nh|in vd cdng nhgn hdnh vi mang tinh kilm sodt K I tu cuoi nhihig ndm 1970, dd ed nhihig thay doi cde chuong trinh phdng chong bgo lye gia dinh d mgi cap dg, bao gIm cd nhihig chucmg trinh ddnh ridng cho nhihig ngudi ed hdnh vi bgo hdnh Phuong phdp trj lipu nhdm cho nhihig ngudi cd hanh vi Igm dyng md rpng tren cd bang California Chi tinh Qugn Los Angeles, California, so lugng cac chuang trinh cung cap tu van cho ngudi cd hdnh vi bgo hdnh tu 10 chuang trinh cd uy tin dd tdng len 130 chuong trinh khdng dugc kilm djnh chat lugng vdng 18 thdng Tu vln cho nhihig ngudi cd hdnh vi bgo hdnh dd trd thdnh nghe kilm tien Idn cua mgt sl cd nhdn (Alyce La Violette, 2014; Davis, R C , & Taylor, B G., 1999) Cde hipn phdp doi vdi ngudi gay bgo lye thudng dugc Uc, Canada hodc d Chau Au va mgt so nude dang phdt trien dp dyng bdng each tgp hgp nhdng ngudi gdy bgo lye theo timg nhdm vd thdo lugn ve vai trd gidi, hudng din hg phuong phdp kiem chl ndng gi$n, cdng thdng vd cdch thi hipn cdm giac doi vdi ngudi khac, giiip hg thay dugc y thuc trdch nhipm doi vdi hanh dgng cua minh Uc, ndm 2001, ehinh phu dd dau tu 42 tripu la Ce dl thyc hi^n nhilu hogt dgng tren phgm vi todn quoc nhu: Djch vy tu vln qua di^n thogi vd dvc tuyIn "1800 R E S P E C r ' (1800 ton trgng); Chuong trinh '^Nhihig moi quan hp ed sy tdn trgng" (Respectful relationships) dugc thyc hipn cdc trudng hgc va cac mdi trudng c6 ngudi trd tuli td 12 d l 24 dl phat trien ky ndng dng xd mgt cdch tdn trgng doi vdi chong/vg cua hg; Chiln djch vgn dpng xd hOi "Dudng kd" (The line) hudng din nien vd cha mp ciia hg; Cdc nghien curu vl tri li$u nhimg ngudi gdy bgo Iyc dugc thyc hipn 1dm hai hod hon lugt quoc gia vd lugt ctia cdc bang vd viing Idnh tho Ben cgnh dd, cac hogt dgng phdng ngda BLGD khdc d Uc cimg Hoang Tuylt Mai 61 dugc tien hdnh nhu: Chuang trinh gidm vipc tiep tyc gdy bgo Iyc cua ngudi dd gdy bgo Iyc; chuong trinh lien hipp nam gidi vd trd em nam tham gia chong lgi vipc gdy bgo Iyc d nam gidi; chuang trinh an todn tgi nhd (safe at home) tgi bang Tasmania, Uc thi hipn sy lidn kit xet xu tgi phgm dl PCBLGD, dd sy an todn ciia ngn nhan la myc tieu quan trgng nhat Cdnh sdt Id ngudi chju trach nhipm trimg phgt ngudi cd hdnh vi bgo lye vd ddm bdo ngn nhan khdng bj bgo Iyc tu ngudi gay bgo Iyc nira Nhd chuong trinh ndy, bgo lye td cho tdng td 279 den 310 trudng hgp giua cae ndm 2004 -2007, dd gidm cdn 284 trudng hgp vdo ndm 2008 (Australian Pariiament,2001) d Na Uy, eac chucmg trinh trj lipu vd kilm sodt tdc gign danh cho nam gidi dugc thyc hipn td cuoi nhiing ndm 1980 Dudng ddy ndng tu van vd gidi quylt khiing hodng ddnh eho nam gidi dugc vgn hdnh tu ndm 1980 Tu ndm 2001 din ndm 2011, Chinh phu dd cd ba ke hogeh hdnh dgng ban hanh vdo cac nam 2000, 2004 va 2008 nhdm PCBLGD Myc tieu chung ciia cde ke hogeh la bgo Iyc ede moi quan h$ thdn thilt cin dugc ngdn ngira thdng qua sy thay doi thdi dg cua x3 hgi va bdng cdch tdng cudng chuydn gia, to chdc chuyen nghipp de dam bao sy ho trg can thilt cho ngn nhan b\ bgo lye ciing nhu phdt triln cdc dich vy trj lipu eho ngudi gay bgo Iyc (Saur, R., Haustad A.E, Heir T., 2011) Canada: Chien djch White Ribbon (White Ribbon Campain-WRC) dugc to chuc hdng ndm tu ngdy 25 thdng 11 cho din thdng 12, dd thu hut dugc hang nghin trudng hge vd cdng sd tham gia Chien dich ndy nhdm myc dich keu ggi sy len tieng ciia nam gidi ve vi^e dau tranh vdi ngn bgo lye chong Igi phy nd vd td dd nhdm thay doi thai dp vd hdnh vi cua mgi ngudi cdng dong Chiln djch ndy dd dugc tiln hanh 11 ndm vd hipn cac hogt dgng cua WRC cd m$t trdn 25 quoc gia tren thi gidi (CSAGA & Embassy of Sweden HaNoi, 2011) Tgi Lien hipp Vuong quoc Anh, nhdm tdc gid Jullie Pryke and Martin Thomas dd tong hgp cac chuong trinh lam vipc vdi ngudi gay bgo lye nam gidi dugc bien sogn bdi Dy dn CHANGE tgi Dgi hge Stuling (1996) Nd lipt ke hon 30 dy dn tu khdp noi tren nude Anh nhu: De dn West Yorkshire, Dy an Worth d Keighley, Dy dn CHANGE d Scotland, Dy dn The Derby IMPACT vd Dy dn Kirklees MAN dd cd eac chuong trinh cung cap djch vy tu van cd nhan vd tri li^u cdp ddi de bo trg cho mgt chuong trinh nhdm (bao gom cd tu van rieng cho ngn nhdn) Ldm vipc theo nhom Id phuang phdp chii yiu dugc cdc chuang trinh sd dyng R3 rdng Id cd nhihig kit qua tiem ndng tot hon Idm vipc vdi cac nhdm dan dng bon la lam vipc ca nhan don thuan Tuy nhien, cac nhd to chdc chuang trinh cho rdng cac nhdm cd hipu qud ban vipc md khoa cdm xiic vd sy phong ngy, giiip ngudi ddn dng can nhdc cdc chiln luge thay the de doi 62 Nghidn cdu Gla dinh vd GIdf QuyIn 29, s l 1, tr 58-66 phd vdi khuynh hudng bgo lye cua hg Dy an Worth Keighley d West Yorkshire nhgn djnh: "Chung tdi cho rdng bgo lye Id trdch nhipm cua nam gidi vd dilu quan trgng Id thdch thdc vi§e thay doi thdi dd vd niem tin CO bdn ndm sau bgo lye vd dilu ndy khiln chung tdi phai tim kilm tgi cdc van de bat binh ddng gidi quyen lye" (Dy an Worth 1991) Hipp hgi Nhd d Tay Yorkshire, kit hgp vdi Djch vy Qudn chl West Yorkshire (Chuong trinh West Yorkshire) dd ddt cde tieu ehuin rd rdng vl dieu kipn mgt ngudi ddn dng thoa mdn chuong trinh ldm vipc theo nhdm Cdc chuang trinh ndy thay doi dang ke vl didi gian: mgt so chuang trinh cd vdng bin din sdu cugc hgp; m0t so tiep tyc sdu thdng, vdi khd ndng h i trg bl sung sau dd Bdo cdo rIt Igc quan ve mgt cdc chuong trinh dy dn dd dugc thiet Igp tgi Scotland Id Dy dn CHANGE vd Dy an Bgo hdnh Gia dinh Lothian: M$t mau gom 122 ngudi dan dng bgo lye, dugc chia nhd thdnh cdc nhdm gom nhihig ngudi dan dng dd trdi qua cdc chuong trinh Trong tac gid ket lugn rdng nhimg nguin ddn dng hodn thdnh mgt hai chuang trinh it cd khd ndng bgo lye hodc nlu hg dd gay nen bgo lye m$t Ian nira thi hdnh vi bgo Iyc ciia hg dd gidm mdc dg nghiem trgng va tan so thyc hipn so vdi nhihig ngudi chua tham gia Nguyen nhan Id mau dan dng sdn sang tham gia vdo mgt hai chuong trinh ndy cdi md hon so vdi nhthig ngudi khdng cd tham gia vdo chuong tiinh nao (JulHe Pryke and Martin Thomas, 1998) T&ng quan cdc nghiSn ciju nip6c Theo nhgn djnh ciia Bg Lao Dgng - Thuong binh vd Xd hgi ciing Qu^ Ddn so Lien hgp quie tgi Vipt Nam: "Dd cd nhilu bipn phdp dugc thyc thi dl hgn chl BLGD song tinh trgng bgo lye van lien tiep xdy vd cd xu hudng gia tdng ty lp thugn vdi so ngn nhan ciia BLGD Nh$n thiy vai trd tich eye cua nam gidi, cung nhu ldm vipc vdi nam gidi gay bgo lye, giup hg nhgn tac hgi ciia bgo lye, tu dd kilm ehe vd thay doi hdnh vi gdy bgo Iyc So tay hudng dan cdn bO CTXH lam vipc vdi ngudi gay bgo lye dugc xay dyng nhdm nang cao ndng lye, ho trg k^ ndng cho cde can bO cda cde trung tam CTXH de lam tot vipc cung cap djch vy tiep nhgn, tu van, ho trg cho ngudi gdy bgo Iyc Id mgt hogt dgng can thilt, s€ gdp phkn ndng cao nhgn thuc, thay doi hdnh vi cho ngudi gay bgo lye, tren ea sd dd hgn ehe tinh trgng BLGD" (Quy Dan so Lien hgp quIe vd Bg Lao dgng - Thuang binh vd Xd hgi, 2015: 4) Nhgn djnh thi hipn tu tiln bg theo kjp vdi xu the todn cau eiia Chinh phii ta vl vi^e xdy dyng lugt phdp, ehinh sdeh, djch vy doi vdi nam gidi - ngudi gay bgo Iyc nhdm gidm thilu BLGD mgt each hipu qud tgi Vipt Nam Ddnh gid ve hue tranh hogt dgng phdng ngira BLGD d Vipt Nam, noi bgt phdi kl den hogt dpng hda gidi vd tu van PCBLGD Tu van vd Hoang Tuy^t Mai 63 hda giai dugc coi la gidi phap then chot quy dinh lugt PCBLCD 02/2007 Ddnh gid vl cdng tac hda giai d dia phucmg, cd 53,5% ngudi trd Idi d cuOc Dieu tra 2013 (Tran Tuylt Anh, Nguyen Hihi Minh, Hoa Huu Van, 2012) cho rdng cdng tdc hda giai cd hipu qud Hogt dgng tu van ve PCBLGD dugc nhdc din vdi vai trd Id to tu van d egng dong eho cd hai nhdm dii tugng la nam gidi vd nd gidi Theo bao eao vdo ndm 2012 tren todn quoe ed 13,927 to tu van, thyc hi§n tu vln cho 17.415 ngudi gdy bgo lye ehu yeu la nam gidi Vipc triln khai xdy dyng md hinh PCBLGD vdi hogt dgng chfnh: Hogt dgng cua Ban chi dgo Md hinh PCBLGD; Cdu Igc bg PCBLGD; Nhdm PCBLGD Vdi nhdm PCBLGD thyc hipn nhipm vy ehinh Id can thipp kjp thdi cde vy BLGD vd tu van cho khdng chi ngn nhdn ciia BLGD ma cdn Id ngudi gay bgo lye Nhdm PCBLGD dugc ddnh gid Id hogt ddng cd hipu qua nhat hipn ve PCBLGD tgi dia phuang vdi co chl hogt dpng: Tgi mSi dia ban, vien nhdm Igp danh sdeh nhihig doi tugng cd nguy CO cao gay bgo Iyc (nghipn rugu, doi tugng dd tiJmg gdy bgo Iyc, gia dinh thudng xuyen mdu thuSn, gia dinh khdng cd thu nhgp on djnh, kinh t l khd khan ) dl theo ddi, g§p gd tu van vl cac 1^ ndng dng xd gia dinh va PCBLGD Ket qud sau ndm (2008-2010) trien khai thyc hipn md binh PCBLGD ed the thay sau moi ndm so vy BLGD chi cdn khodng 1/2 sl vy ciia ndm trudc Dilu ddng luu y, tgi 64 xd/pbudng/thj trin triln khai Md hinh thdi gian thi dilm khong cd vy BLGD nghiem trpng xdy Cdng tac thong ke, bdo cdo ve BLGD cung dugc thyc hipn tot nhat, so lipu day dii nhat so vdi nhihig xd khdng triln khai Md hinh ciia cac tinh,thdnh Sau 30 thang frien khai thf diem Md hinh PCBLGD tgi cde xd/phudng/thi tran, hipn tugng BLGD tren dja ban thf diem Md hinh chua cham ddt, nhung so vy BLGD dd giam dang ke (HOi Ndng dan Vi|t Nam, 2013) Trong dy an ciia to chdc Trung tdm sang kiln sdc khoe dan so (CCIHP) tgi mgt so dja phuong dd thdnh Igp md binh cdu Igc bg ddnh cho nhdng nam gidi - ngudi gdy bgo lye vd nam gidi ndi chung, vf dy nhu md hinh cdu Igc bg (CLB) "ngudi cha thdn thipn va eon trai", CLB "Nam gidi khdng uing rugu" cho nam gidi va nhihig ngudi de bi ton thuong, CLB ddn dng CCIHP Igp Hgi Ndng dan cung long ghdp truyen thdng ve van dl binh ddng gidi vd bgo lye gidi vdo cde cuOc sinh hogt hOi vien vd mdi day cdn tien hanh Idp tgp huan dau tien ve each lam vi§e vdi eac nam thu phgm gay bgo lye Cdc hogt dOng phdng ngiia cung dugc thyc hipn vdi nhdm nam gidi sdp sinh eon lln diu vd nhdm nam hpc sinh p h i thdng trung hgc (CSAGA thyc hipn) Cde CLB ndy Id noi nam gidi ed thi thdo lugn vl nhihig van de gia dinh ciia chinh hp, ldm thi nao gidi quylt cdc van dl ciia gia dinh ma khdng can dimg din vu lye, khdng phai danh con, quat 64 Nghidn ciru Gia dinh vd Gidi QuyIn 29, s l 1, tr 68-66 mdng vg CLB cung ban ve tac hgi ciia rugu, eua BLGD dii vdi phy nd va trd em, ldm thi ndo dl bd rugu vd kiem che cde tdc gign (Nhdm can bp dy an GBV, 2012; United Nation Vipt Nam, 2010) Hagar - to chdc phi chinh phu quoc te ho trg bdo v§, phyc hoi vd ndng eao ndng lye eho phy nCt vd trd em Id ngn nhdn eua mua bdn ngudi, bgo hdnh gia dinh vd xam hgi tinh dye hogt dgng tgi Vipt Nam tu ndm 2009 dd nhgn djnh: "Bgo lye cd thi dugc hgn chl, ed the dugc xod bd chinh bdi nhihig ngudi dan dng Hg Id nhiing nhdn t l "tgo ra" thi cung ed the Id nhan to "logi trir" D I ldm dugc dieu ndy, nam gidi can phdi cd dugc nhOng nhgn thdc dung ddn ban ve vj tri, vai trd ciia minh xd hgi, ve nam tinh" Tu nhihig djnh hudng tren Hagar dd xay dyng quy trinh can thipp vd ho trg ngudi gay bgo lye bao gom budc vdi nhieu hogt dgng long ghdp ede budc bao gom: Budc 1: Xd ly thdng tin bao ve BLGD; Budc 2: Ngdn chdn ngudi gay bgo Iyc, bao vp ngudi bj BLGD; Budc 3: Xac djnh mdc dg hdnh vi BLGD va dua quylt djnh xd ly; Budc 4: Theo ddi va ho trg ngudi gay BLGD Noi bgt cdc hogt dgng CTXH vdi ngudi gay bgo lye eua HAGAR tgi Vipt Nam dd Id Md hinh cdu Igc bg ddnh eho nam gidi - mgt nhihig hogt dgng mang lgi hipu qua tac dgng cao cdng tdc phdng chong bgo Iyc gia dinh Cau Igc bg sd dyng phuang phdp "Ngh$ thugt, sang tgo" vd ehu trinh sdng tgo dl tdc dgng len cdc thdnh vidn Quy trinh sdng tgo ndy gom budc: Buoc 1: Chudn bj: Ld cdc bdi tgp khdi dpng nhp nhdng, bao gom eac bki tgp ty xoa bdp co the hay yoga, cac hogt dOng mang tinh tgp the, xay dyng Idng tin, sy hgp tdc githi cde thdnh vien cdu Igc bp Budc 2: Khai nguon: Qua cdc bai tgp, giiip cdc thdnh vidn sd hilu minh hon, mgnh m6 hon, dung cdm nhin nh|n bdn thdn minh, qua nhihig y kiln mdi, ndng lugng mdi, each nhin mdi ve cdc hdnh vi hg dd, dang Idm; Budc 3:Td chiic: Cdc vien s€ dua cdc y kien, cdc y kien sd dugc sdp xIp dl xay dyng cdc md hinh va cdc hdnh vi mdi; Buoc 4: Chia se: Khuyen khfch thdnh vien hao doi, thdo lugn ve cdm xiic, cugc song, cdng vipc ; Buac 5: Tdi hi^n ldm mai: Lam mdi lgi ndng lugng dl tim cdch giai quyet phii hgp thay doi ban than Tham gia vdo cau Igc bp, nam gidi co co hOi dugc chia sd nhihig quan diem, suy nghT cua bdn than minh ve vai trd, vi thi cQa ngudi ddn dng gia dinh cung nhu ngodi xd hgi Tu ed dugc cdi nhin diing ddn hon vl trach nhipm ciia minh dii vdi gia dinh va nhimg ngudi thdn yeu (Hagar mtemational foundation VietNam,2017) Trong khudn kho dy an "f7 mgt cgng dong khong co bgo hdnh" ciia CCHIP Vipt Nam dd xdy dyng "Md hinh long ghdp phdng chong bgo hanh gidi dya vdo co sd Y tl vd egng dong" tgi thj xd Cda Ld, tinh Nghp An vdi md hinh sinh hogt nhdm Nam gidi trach nhipm (Ddnh eho nhihig ngudi dan dng cd hdnh vi bgo hanh) vd Phy nd ty lye (Ddnh eho nhihig ngudi phy nd Hoang Tuylt Mai 66 bj bgo hdnh) Dy an cd 04 nhdm Phy nd ty lye vd 02 nhdm Nam gidi trach nhipm dang sinh hogt Trdi qua 13 buoi tham gia sinh hogt, hiu hit cdc thdnh vien nhdm Nam gidi trdch nhipm vd Phy nd ty Iyc deu cdm thay minh dugc hgc nhieu kien thuc, hanh vi lien quan din gidi, bgo hdnh gidi, phdp lu|it, giao tiep Them vao dd la nhilu thdnh vien chia se hg dd biet dp dyng nhihig kien thdc vd ky ndng hge dugc vdo cugc song d l gia dinh dugc hgnh ph6e, hda thu§n ban, dl cimg vg/chong xay ddp l^mh phiic cho gia dinh nhd ciia minh Hogt dpng sinh hogt ngogi khoa ddnh eho r^dm nam gidi vd phy nd Id hogt dgng then chit cua dy an Tfnh din thdi dilm 2012, dy dn dd hodn thdnh sinh hogt ngogi khda ddnh cho 40 nam gidi vd 90 Phy nd Khi tham gia sinh hogt nhdm, ede thdnh vidn khdng nhihig bilt dp dyng kien thdc vd k^^ ndng vao cugc song ciia bdn than md cdn tuyen tmyin nhihig kiln thirc vd k5^ ndng cho nhihig ngudi cd chimg hoan canh vdi minh (CCIHP, 2018; Van Nam, 2012) K^t lu$n Nhin chimg, nhihig kit qud td cac nghien cuu ve cdc dich vy cdng tac xd hOi vdi nam gidi gay bgo lye nhdm giam thilu BLGD ma cac quoc gia trdn thi gidi cung nhu d Vipt Nam dd vd dang thyc hipn the hipn dugc tu tiln bO phii hgp vdi boi cdnh dien bien hit sdc phdc tgp ciia tinh trgng bgo tye gia dinh Ddnh gia ve cac dich vy cdng tac x3 hgi vdi nam gidi tgi mpt so quoc gia tren the gidi cd sy chii trgng quan tdm td rat sdm dudi sy hg giup cua hp thong chfnh quyIn, td dd xdy dyng vd trien khai sau rgng cdc djch vy CTXH vdi nam gidi vdi da dgng cdc djch vy nhdm PCBLGD, cung nhu giam thieu van ngn td nhihig thgp ky trudc vd ngdy cdng phdt triln mang tinh hipu qud eao eho den Doi vdi Vipt Nam, cdc dich vy cdng tdc xd hgi tdc dgng len nhdm nam gidi nhdm giam thilu BLGD mdi dugc thyc hipn thdi gian gan day cung dd the hipn dugc tu tiln bp theo kip vdi xu thi todn ciu cda cde CO quan qudn ly nhd nude vd cde to churc phi chinh phu Tuy nhien cdc djch vy CTXH vdi nam gidi tgi Vipt Nam dugc to chdc vd dilu hdnh bdi cdc co quan chuyen trach nhd nude Igi rat hgn chl vd ngdn hgn, chu yeu dugc tdi dg vd din tu cdc t l chdc phi Chinh phu hogt dgng tgi Vi^t Nam nhung cdn khd nhd Id vd chi xuat hipn d mgt so dja phuong Vife tong quan cdc nghien cuu ve cac djeh vy cdng tdc xd hpi vdi nam gidi ma cac quoc gia tren thi gidi ciing nhu d Vipt Nam dd va dang thyc hipn la bai hgc kinh nghipm quy bdu eho Vipt Nam Day cung Id tdi lipu tham khdo de cac co quan chuyen mdn nude cd sy so sdnh, phdt huy vd ke thira nhung djch vy cdng tac xd hgi vdi nam gidi cd tinh liipu qua cao vd phii hgp vdi boi cdnh dat nude, tu ung dyng vdo cdng cugc phdng chong va giam thilu tinh trgng BLGD nam gidi gdy tgi Vipt Nam 66 Nghidn cdu Gla dinh vd GldH QuyIn 29, sA 1, tr 68-66 Tdi lifu trfch din Alan, D.B and D Mathews 2004 Working with men to prevent violence against women: Overview (Part 1) The centers for Disease Control and Prevention Alyce La Violette 2014 Intervention techniques for persons who commit acts of domestic violence Australian Parliament 2001 Domestic Violence in Australia - Overview of the /3roWem4ittpL'/www.aph.gov.au/aboiit_Parliament/Parliamentaiy_Departments/ Pariiamentay_Libraiy/pubs/BN/2011-2012/DVAusttalia Bp van hod, Thi thao vd Ehi ljch 2012 Diiu tra thirc trgng BLGD, di xudt gidi phdp cd tinh dgt phd nh^ gidm thiiu BLGD ndm 2012 vd giai dogn 2012-2016 CCIHP 2018 http://ccihp.oi^media/Final%20Vietnamese-ccihp-newsletterSetp.pdf CSAGA & Embassy of Sweden HaNoi 2011 Cdc phuang phdp ldm viic vdi nam gidi nhdm thuc ddy binh ddng gidi vd phong chong bgo luc tren ca sdgidi Hagar international foundation VietNam 2017 Programme Annual Report January - Decemtier 2017 HOi Ndng dan Vipt Nam 2013 Bdo cdo sa ket ndm th^rc hiin Lugt phong chong bgo /(ft: gia dinh so 66 - BC/HNDTW ngdy 30/8/2013 Jullie Pryke and Martin Thomas 1998 Domestic violence and social work Arena (September 1,1998) Nhdm c4n 1)0 dy ^ GBV 2012 http://ccihp.org/index.pbp/gioi-tbieu-du-an-gbv~ -giai-doan-2-039nang-quyen-cho-phu-nu-va-thay-doi-quan-niem-ve-namtinh039J00_356.html>Ngdy 8/1/2012 Saur, R., Haustad A.E, Heir T 2011 Violence Prevention in Norway Center for Research on Violence and stress of Norway, http://www.nkvts.no/biblioteket/Pubiikasjoner/Violence-prevention-inNorway-Activities-and-measures-to-prevent-violence-ui-closerelationships.pdf T r ^ Tuylt Anh, Nguyen HChi Minh, Hoa Hihi Van 2012 Bgo luc gia dinh a Viit Nam vd ^di phdp phdng, chdng (phdn tich sd liiu dieu tra ndm 2012)!H'iCD Lao dOng UNFPA VietNam, Vy Binh ddng gidi - BO Lao dpng - Thuong binh vd xd hOi 2015 s l tay hudng dan cdn bO cdng tdc xd hOi I ^ vi?c vdi ngudi gdy bgo lye United Nation Vipt Nam 2010 Bgo luc tren co sdgidi, Bdo cdo chuyen di Walston Naomi 2005 Challenges and Opportunities for Male Involvement in Reproductive Health in Cambodia United States Agency for International Development (USAID) World Health Oi^anization (WHO) 2005 Multi Country Study on Women's Health gnd Domestic Violence against Violence Summary Report Geneva World Health Organization ... Van Nam, 2012) K^t lu$n Nhin chimg, nhihig kit qud td cac nghien cuu ve cdc dich vy cdng tac xd hOi vdi nam gidi gay bgo lye nhdm giam thilu BLGD ma cac quoc gia trdn thi gidi cung nhu d Vipt Nam. .. nam thu phgm gay bgo lye Cdc hogt dOng phdng ngiia cung dugc thyc hipn vdi nhdm nam gidi sdp sinh eon lln diu vd nhdm nam hpc sinh p h i thdng trung hgc (CSAGA thyc hipn) Cde CLB ndy Id noi nam. .. tim cdch giai quyet phii hgp thay doi ban than Tham gia vdo cau Igc bp, nam gidi co co hOi dugc chia sd nhihig quan diem, suy nghT cua bdn than minh ve vai trd, vi thi cQa ngudi ddn dng gia dinh