Tổng thuật nghiên cứu gia lễ việt nam từ đầu thế kỷ XX đến nay

TONG THUAT NGHIEN ClTU GIA LE VIET NAM TU* DAU THE KY XX DEN NAY VO VIET B A N G ' Tom ldt: Gia ll ^^ la nghi ll ttong phgm vi gia dinh/gia toe, bao gdm bin loai nghi le phin: quan ll ^:fS, hdn ll i^^, tang ll ^ ; ^ , tl Id ^ ^ Nghien ciru gia ll Viet Nam dugc triin khai thuc chit tu diu thl ky XX, la bude nhay vpt tir nhftng nhan dinh dan le ciia nha Nho Vift vl gia IS sang nghien cftu chuyen sau Tinh den nay, nghien cftu gia le dd dgt dugc nhieu tuu vl dich thuat tu Iidu gia le Han Ndm, nghien cftu chuyen sdu ve tdng thl gia ll va tung nghi le phan frong gia ll Trong bai vilt nay, ngudi vilt tap hpp, phan logi, phan tich nhung nghien cuu ve tu lieu gia le Viet Nam tu dau the ky XX den nay, danh gia tuu tren hai phucmg dien dich thugt va nghien ciiu chuyen sau Tiekhda: Viet Nam dau the ky XX den nay, gia le, nghien cftu, tong thu|t Abstract: Family rites ^^ff are rituals of a family or a clan There are four ^ e s of constituent family rites: Capping rites ^ ^ , Nuptial rites # ^ , Funeral rites ft^, • ^ ^ Sacrifice rites Research on Vietnamese family rites essentially started in the first decades of the twentieth century - it was a huge leap from unsystematic commentaries on family rites by Vietnamese Confiicianist scholars to professional in-depth studies Up to now, researchers have achieved many achievements regarding translation of Sino-Nom materials related to family rites, in-depth studies on family rites as a system, as well as their constituent components In this article, we will try to collect, classify and analyze academic works on the materials related to Vietnamese family rites from the early twentieth century to the present, as well as assess their value from two aspects: translation quality and research quality Keywords: Vietnam, the early twentieth century to the present, family rites, research i ren ca sd tiep ndi tmyen thdng nghi ll lich dai, vdi sir dnh hudng bdi gia Id Trung Qudc, ung xft cua tridu dinh phong kidn Viet Nam cung nhu each ftng xft cfta nha Nho Viet trude bdi cdnh "ll hpc bdt minh"', gia ll Viet Nam hinh tiidnh vdi sir ddi cfta Gia li tiep kink vao thd ky XVII Tinh ddn nam 1945, gia Ie Vidt Nam da dgt dugc thdnh tvru dang ke vdi 12 tac phdm gia Id Hdn Ndm, 18 dd cd ba tac phdm dugc khdc in quan phuang va phi quan phuong Gia Ie Vidt Nam ddc biet la nhiing tdc phdm da dugc khdc in da tgo mdt lan gid mdi anh hudng khdng nhd ddi vdi lich sft phat tridn gia le Viet Nam Nghien cftu gia Id Viet Nam dugc tridn khai tii dau the ky XX, ddn da * NCS Vien Nghien cftu Hdn Ndm T N G T H U ^ T NGHIEN CUU GIA LE VIET NAM CO nhidu tuu tft nghidn cftu tu lieu gia Id ddn thuc td gia Id (thue te hau hdt nghien cftu deu cd su dan xen gifta nghien ciiu tu lieu va nghien ciiu thuc te gia Id), tft chuyen dich tu lieu gia ll Hdn Ndm chft Qudc ngft ddn nghidn ciiu chuydn sau ve tdng the gia Id ciing nhu tung nghi Id thdnh phdn tu lieu gia le Trong bai vidt ndy, ngudi viet tap hgp, phdn logi, phan tich nhung nghien cim ve tu lieu gia Id Viet Nam tu ddu thd ky XX ddn nay, danh gid thdnh tuu trdn hai phuang didn dich thuat vd nghidn cftu chuydn sdu I Thanh tuu chuyen dich tir lieu gia le Han Nom sang tu lieu gia Ie Quoc ngfr Dau the ki XX, chft Qudc ngu ddn khang dinh dugc vi tri ttong mgi mat ddi sdng xa hdi Trong trudng hge, chu Qudc ngft ttd van tu song hdnh cimg chft Han d bac au hgc, tilu hpc, trung hpc (bac tmng hpc hgc them chu Phap) Cung mgt sd mdn ca ban nhu viet chft, dgc chft bac du hgc phai hgc mdn phong tue, Id nghi bdng chft Quoc ngft Trong phong ttao dich thudt tu lieu Han Ndm chu Qudc ngft ddu the ki XX, sach gia Id dugc nhieu dich gia chft y ttong boi cdnh van hda gia Ie dang dan bidn ddi theo su bidn thidn chinh tri xd hgi Vide dich thuat tu lieu gia Id nham hai muc dich ca ban; mgt Id dap ftng nhu cau xa hgi; hai Id phue vu nghidn cihi gia Id, ttong Tkg Mai gia li Id ddi tugng chinh dugc chuyen dich sang chii Qudc ngu Dau the ky XX, d mdi ddng hg cac vimg mien dia phucmg deu c6 ngudi bidt chft Hdn, chft Ndm va hidu bidt gia Id d mfte dd ca ban, hon nua chft Qudc ngft chua dugc phd cap vd thay the hoan toan chft Han Ndm, chinh vi vdy vide chuyen dich sdeh gia il Hdn Ndm chft Qudc ngft ttong giai doan chua cd nhieu thdnh tuu, ngodi ban Thg Mai gia le diin nghia cfta Vu Hy Td Phu Van dudng xudt bdn ndm 1927 Ngodi cdn cd Gia le chi nam lang li tkg li cua Nguyen Tu Sieu (1887-1965) dugc Thuong Son dich sang chft Qudc ngu, Nxb Nhdt Nam an hdnh nam 1931 Sau each mang thdng Tdm thdnh cdng nam 1945, di sdn Han Ndm dugc nha nude Vidt Nam Dan chu Cgng hda coi trpng bao tdn Dieu ttong sdc Idnh sd 65 Chu tich Hd Chi Minh da ki ngdy 23 thang 11 ndm 1945, cd quy dinh vd vide bdo tdn tu lieu Han Ndm cd tinh chat ton giao nhung cd ich cho lich sft Do van cdn du dm cua nghi Ie van hda phong kien, ddng thdi nhdm dap ftng nhu cdu thuc hien nghi Id mgt bd phdn ddn chiing, Tho Mai gia li tidp tue dugc bidn dich vd an hdnh nhung cung khdng cd tuu ddng kd ngoai ban dich Thg Mai gia le cua Vii Nhu Lam dugc Nhd in My Thang, Nam Dinh dn hdnh ndm 1945 Trude nam 1975, Bac Bd tap trung phdt tridn kinh td chi vidn cho cong cude gidi phdng va thdng nhdt dat nude nen ddi sdng phong tue tin nguong cd phdn trdm ldng, chi'nh vi thd tu li^u gia le khdng dugc dich thudt Ci khu vuc Nam Bd, tu lieu gia le gift vi tin quan ttgng ddi sdng phong tue vdi sir ddi TAP CHi HAN N M SO (145) - 2017 an phdm nghien ciiu Vdn Cong Tho Mai gia li cfta Ha Tdn Phdt dn hdnh bdi Nxb Hdng Ddn (Sai Gdn) nam 1961; dn phdm hudng ddn gia le Gia li cxia Tdy Hd Bui Tdn Nidn, Nguyin Hun Due, Ly Thai Anh xuat bdn tgi Sai Gdn ndm 1972; dn phdm dich thuat Thg Mai gia li ddn gidi cua Tuy Lang Nguyen Van Toan dn hanh bdi Nxb Khai Tri (Sdi Gdn) nam 1972 Vdi bdn Tkg Mai gia li ddn gidi cd nhan dd Id "Thp Mai gia ll", nhung khdng hodn toan la su chuydn dich tu Thg Mai gia li, sach gdm phan: phan thft nhdt (7 chuong) Iudn vd xem tdt xau, tudi xung khdc, dao phung duong ; phan thft (3 chuang) Iudn ve nhidu van dd ttong tang Id nhu nghi Ie, tang phue lay Tho Mai gia le lam ddi tugng nghidn cftu vd trich ddn chu ydu Cung cd thd cho rang, ddy la mdt tdc phdm gia le ddc lgp, viet bdng chft Qude ngft, ttinh bay nghi tidt trdn ca sd khdo tu li^u, ttong dd Idy Thg Mai gia li Iam chudn mdu, diln giai sa dd ngu phue theo quy tac cac hang dpe, didn gidi tft hdng dgc chinh gifta (true he) sang hang dpe hai ben ttai phai, thdn trude sa sau, ndi trude ngogi sau Sau nam 1975, toan qudc chudn bi xay d\mg lgi ddt nude sau midn Nam dugc hodn toan gidi phdng, khd khdn vd kinh tl xa hgi ndn ddi sdng phong tue tin ngu&ng d cap dp ddng hg cd phdn ttdm ldng, chinh vi ihd tu lieu gia Ie khdng dugc chu ttpng, ngoai ban hudng dan gia Id Quan hdn lang ti an hdnh bdi Bgch Van an quan - Ca quan Phat ndi d Tda Thanh Tay Ninh vdo nam Binh Thin 1976 (Hdi Thdnh gift ban quyin) 20 VUVI$TBANG Sau ddi mdi dat nude, gia ll dugc khdi phue chinh Id dpng Iuc thuc day viec dich thugt tu lieu gia Id va sogn thdo tu lieu hudng ddn gia Id dugc phdt tridn, nhu Mpt trdm diiu nin biet ve pkong luc Viet Nam cua tac gid Tdn Viit Nxb Van hda Ddn tdc, nam 1997 Dac bidt Id giai dogn ddu the ky XXI, vide dich thugt Tkg Mai gia li hoac sogn thao sach hudng gia Id ttdn ca sd Thg Mai gia li rdt phat trien: Thg Mai gia le Phan Hd San, Truang Thi Thuy dieh, Nxb Ha Ndi, nam 2009; Hdi ddp vi nghi le tang li theo Thg Mai tang li cua Ngd Bgch, Nxb Thdi Dai, tiiang 01 nam 2010; Pkong tyc cua ngu&i Viet Thg Mai gia li ciia Xudn Trudng, Nxb Van hda Thdng tin, nam 2010; Thg Mai sink tic - Sinh n&, cu&i hdi truang tkg, ma chay cua Nguyen Mgnh Linh, Nxb Vdn hda Thdng tin, nam 2010; Thg Mai gia li Pkong lyc ddn gian vi lyc cu&i koi ma chay cua ngu&i Viit Nam ciia Dftc Thdnh, Nxb Thdi dgi, nam 2011 Thanh tu-u nghidn cuu gia le Vidt Nam 2.1 Gia li Id mpt dSi tiegng ngkiin cu-u ^c t&p Giai dogn truac ndm 1945 Trude thl ky XX, mdt sd tu lieu khao cftu gia ll chu yeu neu quan didm cd nhdn tdc gia vd thuc td gia Id ddng dai so vdi cd Id Dau the ki XX, vdi su anh hudng bdi nghien ciiu khoa hgc phuang Tdy, vide nghidn ciiu gia Id dd dgt dugc tuu dang kd Dgi ngu nghidn cftu gia Id d giai doan chu ydu sdng vdo cudi thl ki XIX ddu thl ky XX, vfta TONG THUAT NGHIEN CUtJ GIA LE VIET NAM dugc dugc ke thira di san van hda truydn thdng vfta dugc tilp can van minh van hda phuang Tdy, ndn cd Igi thd dp dui^ phuang phap nghien cuu khoa hgc phuang Tdy vao tidp can gia ll va van hda truyin thdng Nghidn curu ddu tien ve gia Id Viet Nam Id an phdm Le riluel Funeraire des annamites cua hpc gjd Gustavo Emile Dumoutier vao nam 1902 Gustave Emile Dumoutier sinh nam 1850 mdt nam 1904 tgi Dd San, Viet Nam, Id m0t hpc gia ngudi Phap cd nhidu nam nghidn cftu Viet Nam d nhidu gdc do: nghidn cftu lich su, nhan hpc, khao cd hgc, vdn hda hgc, vdi nhieu an pham nghidn cftu cd gia tri nhu Les pagodes de Hanoi (Cac ngdi chua d Ha Ngi), Le Grand Bouddha de Hanoi (Bftc tugng Phdt Ion d Hd Ndi) va Le riluel Funeraire des Annamites (Tang Id cua ngudi An Nam) Le riluel Funeraire des Annamites gdm bdn phan: Ghi lai nghi tidt cdc nghi thftc ttong tang le vdi nhidu hinh dnh minh hga; Ghi lgi quan niem cua ngudi An Nam vd vdn dd vong Iinh ngudi chet, vd Thgp didn Didm vuang, giai thich mgt sd thudt i ^ ttong gia Id; Index (sach dan), sap xdp miic tft theo trdt tu ABC, cd Idi giai thich d moi muc tft; Phu luc hinh dnh ve tang cu ttong tang Id ciia ngudi An Nam, nhu phudng cheo dan dudng, minh tinh, long dinh, cau ddi vidng bdng chu Han (bao gdm hinh thftc, chdt li?ii, vd ngi dung), doan su tang, doan phue vu che nude, tang quydn, cdc loai bua chli in tren lidm Le riluel Funeraire des Annamites da md td chi tilt didn mgo tang le Viet Nam ddu cudi the ky XIX, thdng qua dd nhan mgnh yeu td tam gido tang ll Viet Nam, ddng thdi cho thdy ddi sdng chinh tii, xd hOi, van hda, ngdn ngu duong thdi Tft gdc nhan hgc, Gustave Emile Dumoutier da nhan dinh vd tam Iy, quan nidm cua ngudi Viet vd su sdng vd Unh hdn, quan niem dnh hudng bdi tu tudng Phdt gido Vdi kit qua nghidn cftu dgt dugc, Le riluel Funeraire des Annamites khdng nhiing cd gia tri ddi vdi nghidn cuu tang Id Viet Nam cudi thl ky XIX md cdn anh hudng ddn hinh phuong phap nghien cftu khoa hgc d Viet Nam ddu thd ky XX Cudi thl ky XIX ddu thd ky XX, phuang phap nghidn cftu khoa hgc phuang Tay anh hudng tdi Viet Nam thdng qua dudng giao Iuu vdn hda hai qudc gia Vidt - Phap Trong giai doan nay, nhieu hgc gid Phdp ttong phue vu chinh quyen thuc dan da cd didu kien tidp cdn va nghien cuu van hda Viet Nam bang phuong phap nghidn cuu khoa hpc phuang Tdy Dilu cd anh hudng khdng nhd ddi vdi dpi ngu hpc gid Viet Nam giai dogn bdy gid Trong dd, nhieu hpc gid Vidt Nam du hgc tgi Phap va mdt sd qudc gia khac cd co hdi tiep can vdi phuong phap nghien cftu khoa hgc mdi Trong bdi cdnh dd, nhidu nhd nghidn cftu duong thdi thudng xuydn lugn ban ve khoa hgc phuong Tdy, nhu bai vidt "Bdn vd van minh hgc thu|it nude Phap" (Tgp cki Nam pkong sd 1, thdng 7, ndm 1917) Dd Id dilu kien thftc ddy nen nghidn cun khoa hpc d Vidt Nam bude sang ky nguydn mdi Hon nua, chinh sach nd dich cua ngudi TAP CHi HAN NOM SO (145) - 2017 Phdp ddi vdi Viet Nam, phong tue tap quan la ddi tugng dugc ngudi Phdp chft ttpng nghidn cftu, dieu da tac dpng va anh hudng ldn doi vdi nghien cihi gia Ie d Viet Nam ddu thl ky XX Chinh vi vgy, nghidn cftu phong tue ndi chung va nghien cftu gia Id ndi rieng da cd tim ddng kd Tren ea sd tiep nh§n vdn minh phuang Tay va dp dung phuong phap nghien cftu khoa hgc vao phan tich, gidi quydt vdn dd ddi sdng xa hgi, ddng dao nhan si tri thftc tich cue ung hg cho phong phong ttao dugc ggi la "su tien bp", thd hidn khd ro net bai viet "Cai vdn dl vd su tidn bp" (bdi vidt dang tten Tgp ehi Nam pkong sd 1, thdng 7, ndm 1917) Vdn minh nghien cftu khoa hpe phuang Tdy vd tu tudng "vl su tiln bd", "cai luong" cung dnh hudng khdng nhd ddi vdi muc dich nghien cmi gia Ie Viet Nam ddu thd ki XX: muc dieh "cdi tidn" phong tiic ndi chung, ttong eo le nghi gia tdc/gia dinh Ndm 1924, Ddng Chdu Nguyen Hftu Tidn cdng bd bai vidt "Hdn Id " ttdn Tgp cki Nam Pkong sd 86 Bai vilt tdeh dich va cd "cham chudc"^ tu Vdn Cdng gia li, so sanh vdi thuc te hdn Id d Viet Nam vl tdn gpi vd each thuc thuc hien nghi tilt cac nghi thftc, tu dd dl xudt bao Iuu hoac logi bd nghi tidt hoac nghi thuc cho phft hgp thy:c tidn cu^c sdng phong tiic hdn ll Vidt Nam Nam 1925, cac bdi vidt "Tang ll 1", "Tang le II" va "Tang le III" cua Ddng Chau Nguyen Hftu Tidn (1875-1941) Idn lugt in ttdn Tgp cki Nam Pkong sd 90 ndm 1924, sd 92 nam 1925 vd sd 98 nam 22 VOVI$TBANG 1925 Trdn ca sd nghidn cftu lich sft, khao cftu tiiu tich Vdn Cong gia li ngki nil, Tkg Mai gia li, luge dich cd ll va tue ll, tham khdo Nggc Dink gia li ? p ^ ^ ^ cfta dng td mmh, mgt sd sdeh lidn quan nhu Tdng kinh ^M cua Quach Phac; Nguyen Hun Tiln dd xudt md hinh tang Id hgp ll nghi va thdi dai, nhu vide ddt ten thuy vdi tdng ldp binh ddn thi theo tue Id, vdi gidi quan lgi thi theo quy dinh quan chl Thanh tuu nghien cftu cua Nguydn Hiiu Tidn ve hdn Id vd tang Ie nhu sau; I Khai qudt didn mgo hdn ll, tang Id ddng dgi Phdn tich tinh tich cue vd tidu cue ttong thuc ttang tue Id bao gdm nhiing yeu td cd cd Id nhung khdng hgp phft hgp thdi dgi; nhiing ylu td khdng cd ttong co ll nhung hgp thdi dai vd thuc tidn ddi sdng phong tue tin nguong Viet Nam; va nhung ydu td ttong thuc te tang le khdng phu hgp vdi ed Ie vd bdi cdnh ddt nude, ddi sdng tdng Idp binh ddn Tft dd, Nguyen HGu Tien de xuat giai phap td chfte thuc hidn mgt sd nghi thftc nhu ddt ma Tnmg nguyen, thdi gian vd quy dinh vd cu tang Khdo cim ve luy van (te van) Phan tich gid tri mdt sd tac phdm gia Id ddi vdi ddi sdng phong tue tin ngudng ddng dai, nhu Vdn Cong gia li nghi tiil cua Duong Thdng Am, Hd Tkugng thu gia li cua Hd ST Duong , so sanh mgt sd khac bidt ve tang phue va thdi gian cu tang ttong che tang phue Viet Nam (lay Tkg Mai gia li ldm ttgng tam) vdi sach chd tang phiic Trung Qudc (thong qua Vdn Cdng gia li) Cung ttong nam 1925, Do Than (? 1959) diln thuydt vd "Quan", "Hdn", TONG THU^T NGHI£N COU GIA LE VIET NAM "Tang", "Td" tai Hdi Tri tri Hd Ndi 14 thdng 5, sau dugc in tren Tgp eki Nam Phong sd 94 nam 1925, da phan tich gia ll Vidt Nam md ddi tugng cu thd Id bdn nghi ll phan (quan Id, hdn ll, tang Id, td Id) tft phuang didn: Doi sanh gifta nghi tidt quy dinh cd Id vd nghi tidt hien hanh; Phan tich su dnh hudng bdi gia ll Tnmg Qudc vd cdeh tiep can vd mfte tilp nhdn gia Id Trung Qudc cfta ngudi Vidt vdi su chi phdi bdi tap quan ngudi Viet; Phdn tich gid trj giao due, vdn hda cua quan ll, hdn Id, tang le, td Id ddi vdi ddi sdng xa hOi; Phan ti'ch nguyen nhdn ddn den thuc ttgng gia ll Vidt Nam tu gdc dO xa hdi hgc Giai dogn tie ndm 1945 din ndm 1986 Sau nam 1945, chinh sach nhd nude Viet Nam ddnh nhidu quan tam ddn di sdn Han Ndm, thdng qua vide md rgng suu tam, khai thac va dao tgo ngdnh hgc Hdn Ndm Trong giai dogn ndy, nghidn cftu van ban hgc Han Ndm da dugc ddt d mdt vai khia canh nhiing bai nghidn cftu ve mgt van de cd Uen quan den di sdn Hdn Ndm Cd the ndi d giai doan dau ddc lap, di san Han Ndm dugc nghien ciiu chft ydu trdn phuang didn lich sft, van hpc, tridt hgc, chua cd thdnh tim dang kd vl nghien cftu van ban hpc Hdn Ndm Vd nghidn cftu gia le, ttong nhiing nam ddu dgc lap, khd khdn vd kinh td xa hgi nen nghien ciru phong tue va gia le tgm thdi chua dugc chu ttpng d khu vuc Bdc Bg Thyic tl keo dai ddn tiudc tiidi ky d6i mdi ddt nude Mac du v|y, vide nghidn cihi phong tue ndi chung va gia Id ndi rieng lai cd phan sdi ddng ban d khu vuc Nam Bd, tidu bidu nhu an pham Vdn Cdng Tkg Mai gia li cfta Ha Tan Phat, Nxb Hdng Ddn, Sai Gdn, ndm 1961 Ddy la dn phdm t6ng hgp nghi thftc gia le thdng qua thuc td gia le va khdo cftu Vdn Cdng gia le, Hd Tkugng tku gia li, Tkg Mai gia le Tac gia Hd Tdn Phat cd cdi nhin so sanh ve gia Id ba mien, so sdnh gia le Viet Nam vd m^t sd qudc gia Ddng A, tft dd xuat quan diem ve gidn tidn gia Id cho phu hgp thirc tl Thanh tim nghidn cftu ma tac phdm dat dugc dd Id: Md ta dien mgo tang le ddng dgi; Khai qudt vd s\r anh hudng tu lieu gia Id ddn thue tl gia Ie; Nghien cftu tang Ie tft cai nhin so sanh Giai doan sau ndm 1986 Sau ndm 1986, kinh td xa hgi nude ta cd nhidu chuydn bidn ro ret theo hudng tich cue, chinh vi thl ddi sdng phong tue tin ngudng cung dugc cdi thidn dang ke Trdn ca sd do, nhieu ydu td van hda Idng xa, ddng hp dugc khdi phue d nhidu vftng mien dia phuang Trong bdi canh dd, nhidu cdng ttinh nghidn cftu dugc tdi bdn, xudt bdn hoac dugc bdt ddu tridn khai Gifta thip ki 90 till ki XX, Gia li xua vd cua Phgm Cdn Son Nxb Tdng hgp Ddng Thap, ndm 1996, sau Nxb Thanh Nidn tdi ban nhidu ^ Day la an pham nghien ciiu vl gia ll ddi ttong bdi cdnh "toan dan ta dang trien khai mgt ndn vdn hda mdi dam dd ban sac dan tdc, kit hgp truydn thong vdi hidn dgi" An pham gdm chuang, cdng bd kit qua nghidn cftu vl ca sd ly TAP CHI HAN N M SO (145) - 2017 Iudn vl gia Id, tu lieu gia Id Han Ndm, mgt sd quan niem, nghi thftc Iidn quan gia Id, ttinh bay tgp tue hdn Id, tang Id, thd cftng cua ngudi Viet Mge du theo tdc gid, ddy la an pham "chft dich la cung ling cho nhu cau tim bidt cua ngudi cao tudi", nhung ttdn thirc td Gia le xua vd cfta Phgm Cdn Son da trd chuyen khdo quan ttgng can phdi tham khao nghidn cftu gia ll Viet Nam Mpt ttong nhiing thdnh qua ddng ghi nhgn ttong nghidn cftu gia Ie Viet Nam dd qud nghidn cftu cua Shimao Minoru Shimao Minoru ^%^^ cdng tdc tgi Vidn Nghien cftu Ngdn ngft vd Van hda tiiupc Dgi hpc Keio ($:^k^^^), chuyen gia nghien cftu Uch sft Ddng Nam A, danh nhieu tam huydt nghidn cftu Uch sft, van hda, phong tue Viet Nam Trong chuong trinh nghidn cftu van hda Viet Nam, Shimao Minoru danh khd nhidu trang vidt khdo cftu vdn bdn gia le Lidn tyc tft ndm 2006 den 2009, tten Ky yeu nghien euu ciia Viin nghien ciru Ngdn ngit Vdn kda cfta Trudng Dgi hgc Keio cac sd 37 nam 2006^ sd 38 nam 2007^ sd 39 ndm 2008^ sd 40 nam 2009 , Shimao Minoru cdng bd nhidu kdt qua nghien cftu ve Tkg Mai gia le a gdc van hidn hgc, vdn bdn hpc, tap trung nghien cftu sd tu lieu hinh tiianh tac phdm Thang 10 ndm 2009, Shimao Minoru cd bai viet Tiip nhdn vd phdt Piin ciia gia le & Viet Nam tgi Hdi nghi thudng nien cua Hdi nghidn cftu sft hpc Hiroshima (Trudng Dgi hgc Hiroshima), cdng bd kdt qua nghidn cim vd tidp nhdn gia ll d Vidt Nam Trdn ca sd tdng hgp VOVIBTBANG ke thfta va phat tridn qua nghidn cftutrudcdd, thdng nam 2010, Shimao Minoru nghidn cftu gia Id Viet Nam ttong mdi quan he vdi vdn hda ddn gian Vidt Nam, ket qua nghien cftu dugc cdng bd ttong bai vidt Gia li vd vdn kda ddn gian Viet Narr^ Ndm 2011, bdi viet dugc dugc chinh tdc gia chuydn thd Anh ngu in Memoirs of tke Research Department of the Toyo Bunko (the Oriental Library) sd 69 vdi nhan dd Confucian Family Ritual and Popular Culture in Vielnam Vdi dp ddi 40 trang, ngodi phdn gidi thidu (Inttoduction), kdt Iudn, thu muc tdi lieu tham khdo, bdi vilt gdm bdn phan: ! Tu lieu gia Id Vidt Nam; gidi thieu thu muc (The Various Vietnamese Versions: A Bibliographical Introduction); Su dnh hudng cua gia ll Trung Qudc ddi vdi Viet Nam (The Adoption of Chinese Family Ritual in Vietnam); Viec ttuyen ba gia ll cua cdc tridu dgi Viet Nam (Family Ritual in Relation to Indoctrination Efforts); Gia Id vd van hda dan gian (Family Ritual and Popular Culture) Bai viet tap tmng vdo ddi tupng Id bdn tdc pham gia Id Viet Nam lich dgi: Tiep kink gia li, Hd Thugng thu gia le, Thg Mai gia li, Vdn Cdng gia le tin chdn; nghidn cftu d cac phuong didn van bdn hpc, qud trinh hinh tiianh tu Hdu gia Id Viet Nam (ddng ca, co sd hinh thanh); thdng qua tu lieu, Shimao Minoru nhin nhan gia ll mdi quan hd vdi van hda ddn gian Ket qua nghidn ciiu ve tu lieu gia Id Viet Nam d gdc van ban hpc dugc trinh bay ttong phan "1 The Various TONG T H U ^ T NGHIEN CUU GIA LE VIET NAM Vietnamese Versions: A Bibliographical Inttoduction" Ket qua nghien cftu ndy cd gia tri rat ldn ddi vdi nghidn cuu he thdng van bdn gia Id Viet Nam Shimao Minoru cd cai nhin kha toan didn ve tu Iidu gia Id Viet Nam lich dai, dng nhan dinh ngodi Tiep kinh gia li Ho Thugng thu gia li Thg Mai gia li, khdng cd tac phdm gia Id khac dugc khac in Vdi ddi tugng chinh la cae tac pham ndi ttdn, ngodi khai quat vl tdc gia, ndi dung tac phdm; Shimao Minoru di sau tim hidu nhimg van dd cdn dang ttanh cai, hoac chua dugc gidi dap, hoac chua dugc de cap, ddng thdi dl xudt mdt sd phdt hidn mdi Iidn quan ddn tu lieu gia le Viet Nam, nhu vdn dd van ban va tac gia Tiip kinh gia li, vdn dd tdc gid Tkg Mai gia le Trdn co sd ke thira ket qua nghien ciiu tu nam 2006 den nam 2009, bai viet danh kha nhieu trang viet vd Thg Mai gia le dac biet la tdng hgp thdng tin nghidn cuu vd vdn de tdc gia Chftng tdi nhdn dinh, mgt sd phat hidn mdi ciia Shimao Minoru, bdi vidt cua Tran Thi Kim Anh ("^/ sogn Thg Mai gia le" dang ttdn Nguon sdng ddn gian nam 2003) ddng vai ttd quan trpng Nhd bai vidt cfta Trdn Thi Kim Anh, Shimao Minoru cd them tu li?u chfta dung thdng tin ve Ti^p kinh gia li, Hd Tkuang iku gia li, Tkg Mai gia li, la tac phdm VU Pung liiy buL Tu Pung tity biit (ban R.1069 luu trft tai Thu vien Qudc gia), muc "Quan tdy chi thilt", Shimao Minoru khdng nhung tim dugc thdng tin v l tac gid Tkg Mai gia le (Tran Thi Kim Anh da dd cap trude dd) ma cdn cd the tim hilu kT hon vd tdc gid Tkg Mai gia le Ngoai nghien cftu ve tu lieu gia ll hien cdn, thdng qua mdt sd tu lieu Han Ndm; Shimao Minoru cdn thu thdp nhan dd mdt vdi tac phdm gia Id hidn dd thdt Igc, nhu Gia lecfta Trdn Tft DTnh, Chu Vdn Cdng gia le lie dgi bo chink diin nghTa qudc dm Sau nam 2010, nghidn cftu gia Id dugc nhieu ngudi nghien ciin nude quan tdm vd dgt dugc thdnh tuu dang ke d gdc dp van ban hpc Trong dd cd nghien ciru tdng thd vdn bdn gia Id ttong mdt sd tham luan Hdi thao qudc tl, hay mdt vdn de ve van ban hpc ttong mdt sd bai bao khoa hpc dang ttdn Tgp cki Hdn Nom, Thdng bdo Hdn Ndm kgc, hay nghidn cftu van ban hgc mdt tac pham gia Id Han Ndm ttong cdc bdo cdo tap su, li4n van Thac sT, khda lugn cua nghien cim vidn tap su VNCHN, hgc vidn cao hpc, sinh vidn nganh Han Ndm, trudng Dai hpc Khoa hgc Xa hdi vd Nhan vdn, Dai hpc Qudc gia Ha Ndi Ndm 2013, Vu Viet Bdng cdng bd bai viet "Nghien cftu tu lieu gia ll Viet Nam; tft sa dd ngu phue den phue che" ddng trdn Tgp cki Hdn Ndm, sd (121) Bdi viet so sdnh phan van ban chd dd tang phue ttong cdc van bdn gia ie Viet Nam vdi cdc tu lieu vl chd dp tang phue Trung Qudc va Viet Nam, tten ca sd dd nhdn dinh phan tu lieu chd dO tang phue Viet Nam dugc xay dung ttdn nen tdng diln giai sa dd ngu phue tgo hinh thdnh tu lieu chd dO tang phue kit cau theo phue tu, hodn toan phan bidt vdi ket cdu theo phue sftc cua Trung Qudc 25 TAP CHI HAN N6M SO (145) - 2017 VOVIETBANG Thang nam 2016, Vu Vidt Bang, Nguyin Thi Tuyit tiiam gia hpi tiido Qudc td "Manh Tft va Ld hpc (Idn tiift hai)" ( $ = ^ ^ ^ - ^ : f L # X ^ b g ) ? * # jt^'^f-it) Vidn Nghien cftu Vdn hda Ll hpc A Thai (tinh San Ddng, Trung Qudc) td chfte Vdi tham lugn "Khdo thuat van hiin gia Id Viet Nam ^i^^ ^ ^ : ^ i ^ ^ i ^ " , hai tac gid da thdng ke, md td van ban gia le luu tru tgi VNCHN, tren ca sd dd nghien cftu dac tnmg vd gia Id Viet Nam Nxb The gidi, 2013; "Gidi tiiieu vdn ban Gia ll hoac van Iuu tru tai Thu vien Qudc gia Viet Nam", in ttong Hdi nghi Thong bdo Hdn Nom hgc ndm 2014, Nxb Thd gidi, 2015 Thdng nam 2016, Vu Viet Bdng tham gia hdi thao "Tdm nhm mdi vd Ddng phuong cd didn hpc" (^iT-k^ ^ii^^^tSf) vdi bdi vilt "Nghidn cftu gia Id Viet Nam: Tft bd cue ngu phue dd ddn kit cdu vdn hien che dp tang phue Bdo cao tap su cd; Nghiin cieu vdn bdn Hd Thugng thu gia li cua Vu Viet Bdng (Bao cdo tap su tai VNCHN, Vidn Han lam Khoa hgc xa hdi Viet Nam, nam 2011); Gi&i thiiu dich chu Tkg Mai gia /J"cua Phgm Thi Hudng (Bdo cdo tgp su tai VNCHN, Vien Hdn lam Khoa hpc xa hdi Viet Nam nam 2011) ^m.p]jS.Xi^^^W tac gid kl ttdn CO sd gia Id Viet ph\ic chd", sd6(12I) Bai vidt dugc thfta, bd sung, chuyin ngft bai vilt "Nghien cftu tu lieu Nam: tft sa dd ngu phue den ddng tten Tgp chi Hdn Ndm, Ngoai cdn mdt sd tham ludn cfta tac gid Vu Viet Bang in ttong ky yeu Hpi nghi tkdng bdo Hdn Ndm kgc gidi thieu vd mgt vdn ban hoac mpt tac gid mpt tdc pham gia Id Viet Nam, nhu: Vu Vi?t Bdng, "Kdt qud nghidn ciiu ve tu li^u gia le Vidt Nam cfta Gido su Shimao Minoru ttong bai viet "Confucian Family Ritual and Popular Culture in Vietnam" (in ttong "Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko", sd 69, xudt ban ndm 2011), in ttong Hpi ngki Tkdng bdo Hdn Nom hge ndm 2012, Nghien cim van ban hpc mdt tdc phdm gia Id Viet Nam dugc trien khai ttong mdt sd bdo cao tap su, khda Iudn tdt nghidp, luan vdn Thac sT, tinh ddn tiidi didm hien tgi da cd tac phdm gia ll Viet Nam da dugc nghien cftu d gdc dp van bdn hpc, cu thd nhu sau: Lu$n van Thgc sT ed: Kkdo ciru vdn bdn Tu li luge lap cua Le Phuang Duy (Lugn vdn nganh Han Ndm, Dgi hpc Khoa hpc Xa hOi va Nhan van, Dai hpc Qudc gia Ha Npi, ndm 2012); Ngkiin cuu nhom vdn bdn gia li kkdc in cua Vu Viet Bang (Luan van ngdnh Han Ndm, Dai hgc Khoa hpc Xd hdi vd Nhdn van Dm hgc Qudc gia Hd Ndi, nam 2013); Ngkien citu vdn bdn Vdn Cong gia li cua Pham Thi Hudng (Ludn van nganh Han Ndm, Dai hpc Khoa hgc Xa hdi vd Nhan van, Dai hpc Qudc gia Ha Npi, ndm 2014) Khda lugn tot nghidp cd: Gi&i thiiu ldc phdm Vdn Cdng gia le ton chdn cua Dd Huy Uyin cua Vii Vidt Bdng (Khda Iudn tdt nghiep ngdnh Han Ndm, Dai T N G THUAT NGHIEN CUU GIA LE VIET NAM hoc Khoa hpc Xa hpi va Nhdn van, Dgi hgc Qudc gia Ha Ndi, ndm 2010); Khdo cieu Tam li lap yeu cua Trdn Thi Xudn (Khda luan tdt nghidp ngdnh Hdn Ndm, Dai hpc Khoa hpc Xd hgi vd Nhdn van, Dgi hgc Qudc gia Hd Ndi, nam 2011) 2.2 Gia li la mot thdnh phdn phong tue tpp qudn Giai dogn tru&c ndm 1945 Trude nam 1945, ngoai nghidn cftu vdi tu cdeh la ddi tugng nghien cftu dgc lap, gia Id va nhiing nghi Id phdn ttong cdn dugc nghidn cftu ttong an phdm chuydn khdo phong tue tap qudn Trong bdi canh khoa hpc nude nhd dnh hudng bdi ndn khoa hgc ky thugt phuang Tdy, phong tue tap qudn dugc chinh phu thuc ddn chft ttpng tim hidu dd phue vu xay dung chinh sdeh cai tti Nhidu hpc gid Viet Nam ap dung phuang phdp nghidn cftu mdi vao nghien cim nhdm dinh hudng phong tue trude bdi canh phong tue nude nha cd nhidu chuydn bidn bdi su anh hudng bdi nhieu nen van hda Nam 1915, dn phdm Viet Nam phong lyc ciia Phan Kd Binh ddi md ddu tuu nghidn cftu phong tue cua hgc gia Vidt Nam Phan Ke Binh (1875 - 1921) song vdo cudi thl ky XIX ddu the ky XX, vfta dugc tiep nhan van hda phong kidn Viet Nam vfta dugc tidp c|n vdn hda van minh phuang Tdy nen cd phuang phap lam vide khoa hgc va tien bd Viet Nam phong luc la an pham dugc trinh bay khoa hgc ve nhidu gdc cgnh vl phong tue Viet Nam, dd cd gia le Viet Nam Tu gdc nhin cua Phan Kd Binh, phong tue Viet Nam dugc the hidn ro tft pham vi tu gia tdc din lang xd vd toan xd hdi Phong tue d pham vi gia tgc dugc Phan Ke Binh chia thdnh 17 phan nhd, mdi phdn lgi duge chia nho thdnh nhidu tidu muc, vdy vd CO bdn bao gdm nhung phdn nhd sau: Cac mdi quan he ttong gia dinh, gia tdc (bao gdm: cha me vdi con; anh em chi em; than thudc); 2, Te ll (bao gdm: phung sft td tien (nha thd, dd thd, gia phd, mpng ky, td thfty td, cung vdi td tien), cac le cftng nam); Tang le (bao gdm: tang ma (tft nghi thftc mdi mdt den dai tudng, ddm tl, ddt ma); cdi tdng; ky nhat); Hdn Id (bao gdm cac nghi thuc tft tudi dinh hdn din nghi thftc lgi mat); ngoai cdn phdn vilt vd Id tue ttong mdi quan he vg chdng, nhu tieng ggi gia dinh, dgo vg chdng, quydn vd nghTa vu vg chdng, vg Ie ddi vdi chdng, vg Id vdi vg cd Ddi vdi nghien cftn gia le Viet Nam, Viet Nam pkong lyc cfta Phan Ke Biiih da dgt dugc mgt so tuu sau: Md ta kha chan thuc vd gia Id Vidt Nam, bao gdm nghi tiiftc tdng Id vd nghi thftc tdng tue, thdng qua dd lot ta ro net didn mgo gia ll ddng dgi Tu each phan chia phong tyc d phgm vi gia tdc cac muc nhd va sdp xIp trdt tu cac muc nhd cd thd nhgn dinh vd quan diem ciia Phan Ke Binh ve gia Id Viet Nam: gia ll Viet Nam bao gdm te ll, tang ll, hdn ll (khdng cd quan Id), dd te Id, tang Id dugc sap xep trude hdn Id, theo dd tl Id, tang ll la hai nghi Ie dugc coi ttgng hang ddu ttong van hda gia le ddng dgi Phan tich nhugc didm ttong gia le 27 TAP CHI HAN N M SO (145) - 2017 ddng dai nhu me tin di doan, cdu ne Id nghi so sdnh vdi le tue phuang Tdy, Nhdt Bdn, tten ca sd cd nhan dinh khdch quan vd gia Id Viet Nam Giai dogn tic ndm 1945 din ndm 1986 Tft nam 1945 din 1986, nghidn cftu phong tue tam thdi chua dugc chu trgng d khu vuc Bdc Bd Tuy nhidn, d khu vuc Nam Bd, vide nghien cftu phong tue da dgt dugc nhieu tuu Nam 1965, Nep cii - Con ngu&i Viit Nam (gdm 11 cudn) cfta tac gid Toan Anh dugc Nam Chi timg thu xudt bdn tai Sdi Gdn Nam 1968, Nhdt Thanh Vu Vdn Khilu bidn sogn Dat li que thoi, dugc co sd dn lodt Dudng Sang xuat ban nam 1970 tgi Sdi Gdn Ddi vdi nghidn ciiu phong tue va gia Id, Vu Van Khieu Ddt le que tkdi da dat duge nhiing tuu sau: Tdng quan vd tinh hinh nghidn cftn phong tue (Folklore) d ttong nude va ngoai nude tft nghidn cftu ca sd ly Iuan vl phong tue hgc din nghidn cftu thuc te phong tue Tdng quan tu lipu viet vd phong tue Viet Nam cac thdi dgi Thdng qua vide Vu Van Khilu kd thira CO sd ly ludn vl phong tiic hpc cua Paul Sebillot ngudi Phdp, Hof&nann Charlotte Bume ngudi Anh, Krayer ngudi Dftc, cd thl nhdn dinh quan didm cua Vu Van Khidu vd phong tue va co thd thay theo tac gid, tap tue ll nghi la mdt tiidnh phdn cua phong tue Khdo cftu phong tue (gdm 12 chuong) ttong dd cd gia ll: Chuong X (Gia tdc) khdo cftu vl quan he gia tgc, tft dudng, le tilt nam; Chuang XI (Ldy vg lay chdng) khdo ciru vd hdn Ie Viet Nam, so sdnh vdi Ie cd vl 28 VU VIBT BANG ten ggi va nghi tilt nghi thftc, chinh sach nhd nude vd tap qudn vimg midn hdn Id; Chuong XII (Ma chay) khdo cftu ve tang le Viet Nam, bao gdm khdo ciru nghi tiet, cdu ddi vdn td ttong tang ll ngudi Viet, chl dd tang phue Nhu vay, cdc tac gid Toan Anh, Nhdt Thanh Vu Vdn Khidu dd khdo cftu nhieu tai Heu lich sft van hda phong tue, tten ca sd dd tap hgp, phan tich vd phong tue ngudi Viet, ttong dd dd gia Id Viet Nam lich dgi Mac dft, chua phdi la mdt dn pham nghien cftu chi tiet ve gia Id nhung vdi thdnh tuu dgt dugc, Nip cU - Con ngu&i Viet Nam va Ddt li que tkdi it nhdt cung da gdp phdn ttong kd cftu nhidu nghi thftc gia Id Viet Nam Giai dogn sau ndm 1986 Sau ndm 1986, kinh te xa hdi phdt tridn ndn ddi song phong tue tin ngudng cung dugc cdi thidn, yeu td van hda ldng xd, ddng hg dugc khdi phue d nhieu vimg midn dia phuang Trong bdi canh dd, nhieu cdng trinh nghidn cihi dugc tdi ban vd xudt ban, nhu Phong tyc Viet Nam tha cung td liin cua Toan Anh, Nxb Khoa hpc xd hpi, nam 1991; Nip cU ngu&i Viit Nam: Pkong lyc cd truyin ciia Toan Anh, Nxb Tp Hd Chi Minh, ndm 1992 Mac du vdy ddn ddu thd ky XXI, vide nghien cuu phong tue dudng nhu chua dgt dugc tuu vugt ttdi so vdi nhung nghidn cftu trude dd Nhung dn phdm, bdi vidt nghien cftu phong tue giai doan dau thd ky XXI chu yeu nghien cftu thuc td Id nghi d cac vung mien d gdc dp nhan hpc, dp d\mg phuang phdp nghidn cftu mdi T N G THUAT NGHIEN COU GIA LE VIET NAM nhung chft yeu nham muc dich nghidn Cliu tam ly, tinh each vftng midn dd thdng qua phong tue Danh gia tvu dat du-gc ve nghien cihi gia ll (tur dku thd 1^ XX den nay) Nhu vdy, ddu thl ky XX, nghidn ciru gia le da cd bude phdt ttidn tft nhiing nhdn dinh don Ie cua mgt sd nhd Nho vd mdt sd nghi thftc hoac nghi tilt gia ll ddng dgi sang nhung nghien cftn chuydn sau ve gia le Tft thdi didm dd ddn nay, gia le dugc nghidn cftu vdi hai tu each: Ld ddi tugng nghidn cun ddc Igp; La mdt thdnh phan phong tiic tap quan Truac nam 1945, nghidn cftu gia Id (vdi tu each Id mdt ddi tugng nghien cftu d0c lap) dugc chft ttgng han so vdi nhihig nam sau Trong khoang thdi gian tft nam 1945 din ndm 1986, gia Id hdu nhu khdng dugc nghien ciru Sau mdt thdi gian ttdm ldng, cudi tiiap ky 90 cfta thd ky XX ddn nay, gia le lai dugc nhidu hgc gid quan tdm nghien ciru d nhidu gdc dg Trong dd, nghidn ciru phong tue dugc ttien khai tuang ddi ddu dan tu dau the ky XX den nay, nhien nhimg nghien cftu trude ndm 1986 van c6 thdnh tuu hon so vdi nhiing nghidn cftu ttong thdi gian sau dd (xet d gdc phong tue cd thdnh phan gia ll) Hdu hdt nghidn cuu gia le ddu thd ky XX mac dft cd ddi tugng nghien cim Id gia Ie nhung deu dugc nghidn cuu d gdc thuc tl gia le Mac du tu lieu thu tich gia Id Uch dai dugc de cap hoge dugc sft d\ing lam tai lieu tham khao, trich dan nhung khdng phai ddi tugng nghien cftu ttong nhiing nghien cftu gia le Mdt sd nghien cftu da thuc hidn so sdnh van ban gia Id Viet Nam vdi van ban gia Id Trung Qudc nhdm nhgn djnh mdi quan he giiia gia ll Viet Nam va Trung Qudc, nhidn hau hdt nhihig nghien cftu dd deu chua dugc so sanh va phdn tich mpt each chi tidt, chft yeu la dua trdn mpt vai khia canh, mdt vai dogn so sdnh de phdng doan hoac dd xudt mpt vai ldi nhgn dinh chung vd gia 16 Nhiing hudng nghidn cihi nhu vdy ciing dugc nhiiu nhd nghien curu sau lap lgi Trong nhiing nam ddu thl k^' XX, bdn nghi le phdn gia ll diu dugc hgc gia luu tdm d mfte dp khac thugc vao vai ttd nghi Id dd ttong ddi sdng phong tyc Do quan Id khdng cdn hien dien ttong ddi sdng phong tue ndn khdng cd nghien cuu rieng bidt vd quan le Hdn Id, tang Id Id hai nghi le phan ttong gia ll dugc hpc gid quan tam hang ddu, ttong dd tang Id Id ddi tugng dugc quan tdm voi nhidu nghidn cftu hon ca Ridng t& le Id ddi tugng nghidn cftu rieng bidt, nhung thudng dugc ghep frong nghien cftu tang le Nhung nghien cftu phong tue, gia Id thuc hidn trude ndm 1945 deu nhdm muc dich cai tien, dinh hudng phong tue tap quan cho phu hgp vdi thuc tien eudc sdng nen thdng thudng ddu dat dugc nhihig tuu nghidn cftu sau: Md ta didn mgo gia Ie tten ca sd thuc td gia ie vd tham khao thu tich gia le; Phdn tich gia ll tu nhidu gdc dg: uu didm, nhugc diem, so sdnh vdi gia Id Trung Qudc, gia ll khu vuc Ddng A, gia ll 29 T/iP CHi HAN NOM SO (145) - 2017 phuang Tdy; De xudt md hinh gia Id hgp thdi dgi nhdm dinh hudng thuc td gia Id boi cdnh giao thoa van hda cft va mdi Giai dogn tft nam 1945 - 1975, gia ll khdng dugc nghidn cftu, nhung ttong nhimg nghidn cftu phong tue tap qudn d khu vuc Nam bd, gia Id ciing dugc danh nhieu trang vidt Trong giai doan ndy, phong tue (ttong c6 gia ll) dugc nghien cftu chft ydu d gdc dp Hch sft, van hda, van hpc Giai dogn sau nam 1986 ddn nay, ttong bdi cdnh ddt nude cd nhidu ddi mdi ve kinh te xa hdi, cimg vdi vide gia le dugc khdi phue d cac ddng hp d nhieu viing miin thi vide nghidn cftu gia Id cftng dugc khdi phue, cdn nghien ciiu phong tue van dugc tidp tue trien khai Tuy nhidn, dftt qudng mpt chang dudng kha dai nen nghien cftu gia Ie ttong giai dogn dudng nhu chua dugc rdt rao Tidu bieu nhu Gia li xua vd cua Pham Cdn Son da cd cdi nhin tdng quan ve gia Id d nhiiu khia cgnh tft ly Iu|n vd gia ll, vdn ban gia ll, ttuyin thdng vd tiiuc tl gia Id; nhung d mdi khia canh ddu chua sau sdc, thgm chi cd nhidu chi tidt chua chinh xac Ddi ngu nghien cftu phong tue va gia Ie d giai dogn ndy ddu biet chft Han Ndm d mfte dg CO bdn ndn ddi tugng Id van bdn gia ll chua dugc quan tdm N I U nhu ddu thl ky XX, anh hudng phuang phap nghidn cun khoa hpc phuong Tay va chinh sdeh phong tiic tap quan, nen nghien cftu tap trung vaotii\xctl gia le thi din ddu thl ky XXI, 30 VOVI$TBANG trude dd (nhung nam 70, 80 cfta thd ky trude) phuang phap nghidn cun van ban hgc da dugc nhidu nha Han Ndm quan tdm dp dung vdo nghidn cftu van ban nen giai doan ndy, gia ll dd dugc nghien cuu d gdc vdn bdn hpc va da dat dugc bude ddu Tft sau nam 2010, nghien ciiu gia ll da cd su thay ddi vd chat vdi su ddng gdp nghidn cftu cua Shimao Minoru (ngudi Nhat Ban) va nhidu the he sinh vien, hgc vidn cao hpc nganh Hdn Ndm ttudng Dgi hpc Khoa hgc Xa hdi Nhan van, Dai hpc Qudc gia Hd Npi Trong giai dogn nay, gia le da dugc nghidn cim d gdc dp tong quan he thdng tu lieu, giai quyet van de vdn bdn hgc d timg trudng hgp tac phdm gia le, danh gia vai ttd van ban gia le ddi vdi phong tue tdp qudn Tuy nhidn nhung nghien ciru chua hoac it cd tuu nghidn cftu mang tinh Iidn nganh nhu nghidn cftu Hdn vdn bdn, nghidn cftu so sanh./ V.V.B Chli thich Nhan dinh ciia Pham Dinh Hd frong va trung tiiy biit p ^ t l ¥ ban R.1069 luu tgi Thu vien Qudc gia Trong VH trung tity but, myc Qudn tdy chi thiet ^i^i^it, nguyen van: it'&^^^°^- Trich Idi cua Ddng Chau Nguyen Hiiu Tien ttong Hon li (Le cu&i): "Trich djch Vdn Cong gia li va cd cham chudc" Trich ldi gidi thieu ciia Nxb Thanh nien Gia le xua va nay, NXb Thanh nidn, 1998 Shimao Minoru: Khao sdt cas& hinh thdnh Thg Mai gia le, Ky yiu nghien euu T6NG THUAT NGHIEN ciitj GIA LE VIET NAM ciia Viin nghien cuu Ngon ngit Vdn hoa (Trudng Dgi hoc Keio), sd 37, 2006, fr.I41- i58iiftMi^:" mmmu ^-m-i-^m^ ® ° 141-158(2006) Shimao Minoru: Khdo sdt ca sa hinh thdnh Thp Mai gia li, (phdn 2), Ky ylu nghidn cftu ciia Vien nghien cftu Ngon ngft Van hoa (Trudng Dai hpc Keio), s6 38, 2007,fr.l23-143 4IMi^:" F i ^ ^ ^ ^ L I I- m-i-^mm^^m(z:r mmmmx^r; m'Xitmilm^^w 38 g- 123-143 (2007) Shimao Minoru: Khao sal ca s& hinh thdnh Thp Mai gia li, (phdn 3), Ky yeu nghien cuu eua Vien nghien cuu Ngon ngft Van hda (Trudng Dai hpc Keio), s6 39, 2008,tt.215-231il!lM^:" [ ^ t S g ^ L J IB'Xiim%M^m 39 ^.215-231 (2008) Shimao Minom: Khdo sdt ca sa hinh thdnh Thg Mai gia li, (phdn 4), Ky ylu nghidn cftu cua Vien nghien cftu Ngon ngft Van hda (Trucmg Dgi hpc Keio), sd 40, 2009, fr.247-257 ilftM^: " f ^ ^ ^ ^ L J '- mi-^mmm^m(mr mmmm±^H BXitmam^^ 40 ^ 247-257 (2009) Shimao Minoru: Tiep nhdn vd phdt triin gia li & Viet Nam, bai vilt tham gia Hpi nghi thudng nien ciia hpi nghien cuu su hpc Hiroshima, Trudng Dai hpc Hiroshima, 2009 JiMJ^; ""'• h f A t- h- if S mi'^ Shimao Minoru; Gio le van van hoa dan gian Viit Nam F "ã' i- t A ô S f t t S r^lit'f^lJ in sach Eiji Yamamoto l l l * ? (chu bien) I f -J-^ " J j c A ^ ' E tH(iS*,*SC,2010 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Tai lieu Han Nom AnNamchiluffc^^^^, A.\6 An Nam phong tyc sach -^iljđ,-f& ô VHv.2665 Gia lit-A, AB.S72 Gia le hoac van t^si.?^ R61, Thu vien Qu6c gia Gia le luae bien ^ :f§ "^ 16 , VHv.2487 Gia le tap nghi ^ ^ -^^ ,, VHv.456 Ho Thwmg thu gia le if\i^'$'^^, A.I75,A.279, AB.592 Le Quy Bon gia li # • # ? « , VHv.271 Lich triiu hiin chuang loai chi ^ Mlfc#*tt,A.I55l 10 Nghi li lap yiu Ik&m, A.I0I3 11 Nguyin thi gia hudn 15c ^ ^ iJil , A.2942 M.Tamlilgpyiu ^.^$,9: A.1925, A.1599, A.1281 13 TanglibiU^iS.^K, A.2227 14 Tangll sif nghi ftiif;±, A.26I8 \5.Tang ti khao nghi * * =9^ tt , A.2370 16 Thanh Than gia le dgi toan ;#'f^^ «*.*,A.1064 17 Thich Ca chinh thuc lyc # ^ i L Itfi^ A.2298 18 rftp Mai gia li # « ^ * , VHv.lOS ; 19 Tto li luoc bien ^5 fi «$ KS , VHv.377 20 Tu li tap luoc ratt"«-#, A.1016, VHv.l 166/1-4 21 Vdn Cong gia le ton chan ^ -K ^ fi #lft, VHv.272 n Tai li|u H^n van Trung Quoc T^iP CHi HAN N M SO (145) - 2017 22 ( ^ ) ^ J : < ^ - i ; ^ t ) ^ ^ ^ - t ¥