Uhi hdnh phdp lu4l Stf (330)-2019 BIEN PHAP GIAM SAT NGlAl Bj BUdC TOI LA NGlAl DllOl 18 TU$I THEO Bd LUAT TJ TUNG HINH SIT NAM 2015 • • • • • DLfONG T A N THANH * Tdm tdt: Bii vilt de cgp den nhirng dilm mdi ciia quy dfnh ve gidm sdt ngudi bf bugc lgi dudi 18 nidi Irong Bg lugt Td tgng hinh sg ndm 2015 so vdi Bg lugt Td tgng hinh sg ndm 2003 Abstract: The article is concerned with new points of regulations on supervising accused person under 18 years in the Criminal Code of 2015 compared to Ihe Criminal Code of 2003 Nhflng diim moi ve glim sat ngudi bj bu^c tpi dudi 18 tuoi hmh sy nim 2015 quy djnh ro rang hon nhu sau: Trudng hpp ngudi dudi 18 tuoi cd dau hipu bd tidn Thdr nhat, bd sung ca quan dugc giao nhigm vg hope cd hinh vi mua chupc, cudng dp, xui giyc tien hdnh mgt so hogt dgng dieu tra cd quyen ngudi khac khai bao gian doi, cung cap tii lipu sai quyit dfnh giao ngudi bf bugc tgi li ngirdi dudi 18 sy thpt; tieu hfly, gii mao chihig efl, tai Upu, vpt tudi cfla vy an, tau tan tii sin lien quan din vy an; de Ngoai vipc quy djnh ca quan dieu tra, Vipn dpa, khing che, tii thu ngudi lam chiing, bj hai, kiim sat, Tda an ed thi quyet djnh giao ngudi bj ngudi to giac tpi phpm hoic ngudi thin thich cfla bupe tpi li ngudi dudi 18 tail cho ngudi dpi dipn nhihig ngudi niy hoic tiip tyc pham tpi thi ngudi cua hp giam sat de bao dim sy cd mat cua hp dupe giao nhiem vy giim sit phii kip thdi thdng cd giay tripu tpp cua ca quan cd tham quyen tien bio v i phoi hpp vdi ca quan cd tham quyin tiin hanh to tyng nhu quy djnb tpi Dieu 304 Bp lupt T i hanh td tyng d i cd bipn phap ngin chin, xfl ly kjp tyng hinh sy nira 2003 thi quy djnh tpi khoan thdi Qyy djnh niy cua Bp lupt To tyng hinh sy Diiu 418 B§ lupt T i hing hinh sy nim 2015 da b i Mm 2015 nhim dim bio vipc ap dyng bipn phap sung CO quan dup«: giao nhipm vy tiin hinh mpt s i giam sat ch|t che ban ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18 hopt dpng diiu tia cung cd quyin quyit djnh tail duprc hipu qui, dflng myc dich; ding thdi ngin giao ngudi bj bupe tpi la ngudi dudi 18 tadi chan kjp thdi nhflng hinh vi tieu cyc, cin trd vipc Thi hai, quy dinh rd ring han nhigm vg eua ngirdi gidm sdt Niu nhu khoin Diiu 304 Bp lupt To hmg hinh sy nim 2003 ehi quy djnh: Ngudi dupe giao nhipm giii quyet vy an ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18 tail fliyc hi$n Thit ba, md rgng ddi tirgng ngudi gidm sdt nguai bi huge tgi dual 18 tudi vy giam sat cd nghta vy giam sat chit chd ngudi Theo Dieu 304 Bp lupt To tyng hmh sy nim chua nien, theo ddi M each, dpo dflc va giio 2003 thi ngudi dupe giao nhipm vy giim sat ngudi dye ngudi thi khoin Diiu 418 Bp lupt To tyng dudi 18 tail phpm tpi la cha, mp h o ^ ngudi dd dau E l Ddn chD & Phdp ludt 'Tdadn nhdn ddn thixa Duyen Hdi tmh Tri Vmh Qhi hdnh phdp lu4l Stf (330)-2019 cua hp Nhung Dieu 418 Bp lupt T i tyng hhib sy Theo quy djnh tpi Dieu 47 Bp luat Dan sy nam nim 2015 thi md rdng ban ddi tirpng ngudi giim 2015 thi trudng hpp ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18 tadi sat ngudi bj bude tpi dudi 18 tudi li ngudi dpi dipn khdng cdn cha, mp hope khdng xic djnh dupe cha, hpp phap cua hp Theo dd, ngudi dpi dipn cua me hope ngudi bj bupe tdi dudi 18 tadi cd cha, me ngudi bj bupe tpi l i ngudi dudi 18 taoi duac xae nhung cha, me deu mit ning lyc hanh vi dan sy; djnh theo thfl ty sau diy: Cha mp de, cha mp nudi, cha, mp diu cd kbd khin nhin thuc, lim chu ngudi giam hp v i ngudi Tda an chi djnh hanh vi; cha, me deu bj hpn che nang lyc hanh vi Ve ngudi giim sit cfla ngudi bj bupe t$i dudi 18 tuoi dan sy; cha, me deu bj Tda an tayen bo ban che quyen ddi vdi con; cha, mp deu khdng cd dieu kien Bp lupt To tyng hinh sy nam 2015 khdng quy chim sdc, giio dye va cd y6u eau ngudi giam djnh cy the ve ngudi dpi dien cua ngudi bj budc tdi hd thi ed ngudi giam hp duong nhien Ngudi giam dudi 18 tadi gim nhflng Tuy nhidn, Thdng ta hp duong nhien ciia ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18 tail lien tjch so OeflOlSnTLT-VKSNDTC-TANDTC- dupe xac djnh quy djnh tai Dieu 52 Bd lupt Din su BCA-BTP-BLDTBXH ngiy 21/12/2018 cua Vi^n nam 2015 theo thfl ty sau: Idem sat nhin dan tdi cao, Tda an nhan dan tdi cao, (i) Anh nipt l i anh c i hope chj nipt li chj ca li Bp Cdng an, Bd Tu phip, Bp Lao dpng - Thuang ngudi giam hp; neu anh c i hope ehi e i khdng cd du binh va Xa hpi v i phdi hpp thyc hi$n mpt si quy diiu kipn lam ngudi giim hp thi anh rupt hoac chj djnh cua Bp luat Td tyng hinh sy ve thfl tyc td tyng rupt tiep theo la ngudi giim hp, trfl hudng hpp cd dii vdi ngudi dudi 18 tadi (Thdng ta lien tieh so thda tiiuan anh rupt hope chj rupt khic lam ngudi 06/2018) thi ed quy djnh nhu sau: Ngudi dpi diin giim hp cua ngudi bj budc tpi la ngudi dudi 18 tadi la (ii) Trudng hprp khdng cd ngudi giam hp theo ngudi tu du 18 tudi hdi len, ed du ning lyc phap thfl ty thfl nhat thi dng ndi, h i npi, dng ngopi, ba lupt, nang Ivrc hanh vi din sy va cd du diiu kipn ngopi la ngudi giim hp hope nbiing ngudi thda Ilm ngudi dpi di$n theo quy djnh tpi eac diiu 134, thupn efl mpt hoic mpt sd ngudi hong s i hp lam 135 va 136 Bp lupt Din sy va dupe xac djnh theo ngirdi giam hd thfl ty sau day: (1) Cha mp de, cha mp nudi; (2) Ngudi giam hp; (3) Ngudi Tda an chi djnh 2.1 Ve ngudi gidm A# cua ngirdi bj huge tfi li ngirdi dudi 18 tudi Ngudi giim hp cua ngudi bj bupe tpi li ngudi (iii) Trudng hpp khdng cd ngudi giam hp nhu hai tiudng hpp hen thi bac mpt, chu rapt, cpu rapt, cd rupt hoac di rapt la ngudi giam hp Hai la, ve nguai gidm hg eua ngudi bi huge tgi dudi 18 tuoi dugc Uy ban nhdn ddn cdp xd cir dudi 18 tadi bao gom ngudi giim hp duang nhien Tradng hop ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18 tiidi hoJc ngudi dupe Uy ban nhin dan cip x i nai khdng edn cha, mp hoje khdng xic djnh dupe cha, ngudi dudi 18 tudi cu tru cfl hope Tda an chi djnh mp hoJc ngudi bi bupe tdi dudi 18 tadi ed cha, mp Iheo quy djnh tpi cac diiu 46,47,48,52 va 54 Myc nhung cha, mp deu mit ning lyc hinh vi din sy; Chuang 111 Bp luit Dan sy nim 2015 cha, mp diu cd khd khin tiong nhpn thiie, lam chfl Mft li, vi ngudi gidm hg duang nhien cua ngudi bi huge lgi dudi 18 ludi hanh vi; cha, mp diu bj han chi ning lyc hinh vi dan sy; eha, mp ddu bj Tda an tayen bd hpn chi Ddn chd & Phdp ludt fl Qhi hdnh phdp, bt^l Stf ( 3 ) - quydn ddi vdi con; cha, mp diu khdng cd diiu kipn Tda in chi djnh) thi Tda an chi djnh ngudi dpi chim sdc, giao dye vi cd yeu cau ngudi giam dien cho ngirdi bi bupe tpi dudi 18 taoi hd mi khdng cd ngudri giam hp duong nhien thi liy Tham quyen quyit djnh giao ngudi bj ban nhin din cap xa noi cu trfl efla ngudi chua bu$c tpi dirdi 18 tuoi di giam sit va tham quyen thinh nidn cd trach nhipm cfl ngudi giim hp cho hp thay dii ngirdi giim sit ngvdi bi bupe tpi dirdi theo quy djnh tai Diiu 54 Bp lupt Dan sy nim IShiii 2015 Ngoii ra, tradng hpp ed tranh chip vi vipc 3.1 vi thim quyin quyit dinh giao ngudi cfl ngudi giam hp cua ngudi bj bu$c tdi dudi 18 bi bugc t^i dirdi 18 tuoi digidm sdt tadi thi Uy ban nhin dan cap xi noi cu trfl efla Theo quy djnh tpi khoin Diiu 418 Bp luit Ti ngudi dupe giim hp ed Irich nhipm cfl ngudi giim tyng hinh sy nim 2015 till co quan dieu tra, co hp quan dupe giao nhipm vy tiin hanh mpt si hopt Vipc cfl ngudi giim hp phii duprc sy ding i/ cfla dpng diiutta,Vipn kiem sit, Tda in cdtiiiraquyit ngudi duprc cu lim ngudi giim h$ Vi^c cfl ngudi djnh giao ngudi bj budc t$i li ngudi dudi 18 tadi giam hp phai duoc lap thinh vin bin, ghi cho ngudi dpi dipn cfla hp giam sat di bio dim sy id ly cfl ngudi giam hp, quyen, nghia vy cy the cd mpt cfla hp cd giiy tripu t$p cua ca quan cd cua ngudi giim hd, tinh trang tii sin cua ngudi ttlim quyen tiin hanh td tyng Cy the: duprc giam hp Trudng hpp cfl ngudi giam hd cho - Trong giai dopn diiu tra thi diiu tra vien la ngudi chua thinh nien tfl dfl sau tadi hd len thi ngudi cd quyin quyit djnh giao ngudi bj bupe phii xem xet nguypn vpng cua ngudi chira thinh tpi la ngudi dudi 18 tadi eho ngudi dpi dipn giim niSn sat (theo diem d khoin Dieu 37 Bp lupt To tyng hinh sy nim 2015) Mau quyit djnh giao ngudi bj Ba Id, ve ngudi gidm hg ciia ngirdi bf bugc tgi bupe tpi cho dpi dipn giam sat dupe ban hinh kdm dudi 18 tudi dugc Tda dn chi dfnh Theo quy djnh cfla Bd luit Din sy nim 2015 thi theo Thdng hr sd 61/2017/TT-BCA ngiy cd sy banh chap ve ngudi giim hp gifla nhung 14/12/2017 cfla Bp Cdng an - Trong giai doan tmy ti tbl kiem sit vien li ngudi giim hd duang nhien cfla ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18tailttiiTda an si chi djnh ngudi giam hp ngudi ed quyen quyet djnh giao ngudi bj budc Ddi vdi ngudi chua thinh nien tfl dfl sau tadi trd tpi li ngudi dudi 18 tudi di giam sat (ttieo diem h len tbl Tda in chi djnh ngudi giim hp eho hp khoin Diiu 42 Bp lupt To tyng binh sy nim 2015) Mau quyit djnh giao ngudri bj bupe tpi li phii xem xet nguypn vpng cua ngudi 2.2 vi ngirdi dgi dipt cua ngirdi bj bupe lgi ngudi dudi 18 hiii di giam sit duprc ban hinh kdm theo Quyit djnh sd 15/QD-VKSTC ngiy dudi 18 tudi Tba an chi djnh Theo khoin Diiu 136 Bp lupt Din sy nim 09/01/2018 cfla Vipn kiim sit nhan din loi cao 2015 thi ti^ng hudmg hpp khong xic djnh duprc ngudi dai dipn la cha mp cia ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18tadi,ngudi giam hp cho ngudi bj bupe tdi dudi 18 Wdi (bao gom ngudi giam hp duong nhidn, ngudi giam h$ ily ban nhin din cip xi cfl hoic Ddn chit & Phdp ludt - Trong giai dopn xit xfl thi tham phin chu tpa phien tda khdng cd quyenraquyit djnh giao ngudi bj bupe t$i li ngudi dudi 18 tuii di giim sat vl khdng dupe quy djnh tpi Dieu 45 Bp lupt To tyng hinh sy nim 2015 Thay vio do, Chinh in Tda an 'Shi hdnh phap Iu4t Stf (330)-2019 li ngudi cd quyenraquyet djnh giao ngudi b j budc Khi ngudi bj bupe tpi la ngudi dudi 18 tadi di tpi la ngudi dudi 18 tuii de giim sit (theo didm d dupe ap dyng bipn phip giam sat, bidn phap ngan khoan Diiu 44 Bd lupt Ti tyng hinh sy nim chin khac ngoii bien phap tpm giam nhung bd ttdn 2015) Ve mau quyet djnh giao ngudi bj bupe tdi la vi bj bit theo quyet djnh tmy ni, ed diu hipu bd ngudi dudi 18 tail di giam sit thi hipn Tda an hdn, tiep tye phpm tpi, cd dau hiputieptyc phpm nhan dan tdi eao chua ban hinh tpi hoic cd cic hinh vi khic quy djnh tpi khoin Quyet djnh giao ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18 tadi Dieu 418 Bp luit Td tyng hinh sy nim 2015 thi co di giam sat phai dupe gfli cho ngudi dai dipn quan cd tham quyen tiin hinh ti tyng, ngudi cd duprc giao nhiem vy giim sat theo quy djnh tai thim quyintienhanh ti tung dupe quyin ip dyng bipn phap tpm gifl, tpm giam theo quy djnh tai Diiu 11 Thdng ta lien tjch so 06/2018 3.2 vi tham quyen thay ddi ngtrdi gidm sdt khoan Diiu 419 Bp lupt To tyng hinh sy nim 2015 ngtroi bi bugc tgi dirdi 18 tuoi Bp lupt Td tyng hinh sy nim 2015 quy djnh Thir hai, cung theo quy dinh tai Thdng ta lien ngudi cd thim quydn thay ddi ngudi giim sat tjch si 06/2018 thi ngudi dpi di^ dupe giao nhiem vy giam sat cd trach nhiem phdi hpp chat chg vdi ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18tadinhu sau: - Trong giai doan dieu tra thi diiu tia vidn li ca quan cd thim quyintienhinh td tyng, co quan, ngudi ed quyen quyit djnh thay ddi ngudi giam ti chflc khae cd lien quan hong vipc giam sat ngudi sat ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18 tail (theo diem d bj bupe tpi dudi 18 taoi; neu phat hipn ngudi bj khoan I Diiu 37 Bp lupt To tyng hinh sy nim bupe tpi dudi 18 tuii cd dau hipu bd ttin hoic cd eie hinh vi khic quy djnh tpi khoin Diiu 418 Bp 2015) - Trong giai dopn tiny to thi kiim sat vien li luit To tyng hinh sy nam 2015 thi phii kjp thdi ngudi' cd quyin quyit djnh thay dii ngudi giam ngin chpn va thdng bio bing di$nttiopihoic sat ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18 tail (theo diim h hinh thflc khic nhanh nhit cho co quan cd thim khoiin I Diiu 42 Bp lupt Ti h>ng hinh sy nim quyen tiin hinh to tyng di phii hprp xfl ly 2015) Thit ba, vide giao ngudi bj budc tdi la ngudi - Ttong giai doan xet xfl thi thim phan chfl tpa dudi 18 taoi cho ngudi dpi dipn giam sit cin dya phidn tda la ngudi cd quyin quyit djnh dmy ddi tten eac yeu td: Tinh ehit, mflc dd nguy hiim cua ngudi giam sdtngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18 tail (theo tpi pham, lirataoi,tinhhinh sue khde, tiin in, tiin diem e khoin Diiu 45 Bp lupt To tyng hmh sy sy cua ngudi dudi 18 tuoi, ning giim sat, giao dye cua ngudi dpi dipn cua hp VI bipn phap giim nira 2015) M$t si van sh cin luu f ip dyng bipn sit ngudi hi bupe tpi duoi IS tudi khdng phii li quy djnh bit bupe mi chi nhim dim bio sy cd mit phip giim sit ngudi bj bu$c tpi du«118 hiii Thdr nhal,ttieoquy djnh tpi Thdng hr lien tjch cua ngudi bj bupe tdi duprc ca quan ed tham si 06/2018 thi ca quan ed thim quyin tiin hinh td quyen tripu tip tyng, ngudi cd tiiim quyin tiin hinh to hmg phii Mpt so vudrng mic cin dirprc hudrng dan xem xet, cin nhic ip dyng bipn phap giam sit Nghidn eflu quy djnh vi bi^n phdp giim sit hude quyit djnh ap dyng bipn phap ngin chjn ngudi bj bupe tpi dudi 18 tadi va bipn phap ngin Ddn chCl & Phdp lu$t