Phần 1 của cuốn sách The business intermediate - Bổ trợ kiến thức và bài tập gồm 4 đơn vị bài học nhằm tổng kết từ vựng, kiến thức ngữ pháp, hướng dẫn cách thức viết kèm theo bài viết mẫu của các văn bản thương mại tương ứng với mỗi bài học, đồng thời cung cấp bài tập từ vựng giúp sinh viên mở rộng và ghi nhớ các loại từ khác nhau, bám sát chủ đề của bài học. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo!
HÀ THỊ VŨ HÀ (Chủ biên) NGUYỄN THỊ BÍCH NGỌC - HÁN THỊ BÍCH NGỌC HỒNG THỊ ANH THƠ - TRẦN TRUNG DŨNG THE BUSINESS INTERMEDIATE Bổ trợ kiến thức tập ĐẠI HỌC NHÀ XUẤT BẢN THƯƠNG MẠI PHỤ NỮ VIỆT NAM MỤC LỤC Trang Lời nói đầu Unit – CORPORATE CULTURE Unit – CUSTOMER SUPPORT 33 Unit – PRODUCTS AND PACKAGING 57 Unit – CAREERS 87 Unit – MAKING DEALS 127 Unit – COMPANY AND COMMUNITY 155 Unit – MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS 195 Unit – INTERNATIONAL TRADE 221 Phần đáp áp 247 Tài liệu tham khảo 255 LỜI NÓI ĐẦU Các bạn sinh viên thân mến! Với mong muốn cung cấp thêm cho sinh viên nguồn tài liệu bổ ích, nhằm củng cố nâng cao vốn từ vựng, kiến thức ngữ pháp, khả viết văn thương mại, hỗ trợ sinh viên việc tiếp thu vốn kiến thức phong phú giáo trình The Business Intermediate, sách The Business Intermediate – Bổ trợ kiến thức tập biên soạn để đáp ứng nhu cầu quan trọng Mỗi đơn vị học gồm phần lý thuyết thực hành Phần kiến thức học phân bổ sau: SECTION REMEMBER: Tổng kết từ vựng, kiến thức ngữ pháp, hướng dẫn cách thức viết kèm theo viết mẫu văn thương mại tương ứng với học sách, gợi ý chủ đề viết nguồn tài liệu trang web mang tính cập nhật phù hợp với nội dung kiến thức học SECTION PRACTICE: Cung cấp tập trắc nghiệm tự luận bám sát nội dung chủ đề học lớp dạng đề thi cuối kỳ sinh viên Question 1: Cung cấp tập từ vựng giúp sinh viên mở rộng ghi nhớ loại từ khác nhau, bám sát chủ đề học Question 2: Bao gồm hai phần, với phần thứ thử thách khả tìm lỗi câu, phù hợp với tượng ngữ pháp chủ đề học phần thứ hai cung cấp đọc đa dạng (theo hình thức đọc đơi TOEIC đọc kèm câu hỏi mở), liên quan đến chủ đề học, giúp sâu, mở rộng củng cố kiến thức Question 3: Bao gồm hai phần Phần thứ tập giúp bổ sung khả điền vào chỗ trống đọc phù hợp với nội dung học, cho đảm bảo hoàn thiện mặt từ vựng, ngữ pháp ngữ nghĩa Phần thứ hai chuyên luyện viết văn thương mại câu hỏi mang tính nghị luận, phân tích sâu rộng vốn kiến thức học Hy vọng không cẩm nang hữu ích giúp sinh viên tự học mà nguồn tài liệu tham khảo chân thực đáp ứng nhu cầu giảng dạy lớp cho giáo viên Mặc dù biên soạn kỹ lưỡng tâm huyết sách tránh khỏi thiếu sót Kính mong q đồng nghiệp, q độc giả em sinh viên có đóng góp chân thành để sách hồn thiện lần xuất Nhóm tác giả Unit CORPORATE CULTURE SECTION 1: REMEMBER FOCUSES OF THE UNIT 1.1 About business – Work culture and placements This module focuses on the culture of the workplace and the unwritten rules of behaviour that can be found in every organization 1.2 Vocabulary – Work organization and responsibility This module focuses on the vocabulary of organizational structure, roles and responsibilities, and employment 1.3 Grammar – Past tenses and advice structures This module focuses on the use of the past simple, past continuous and past perfect It also introduces a set of advice structures Students use this language to tell stories and give advice 1.4 Speaking – Meetings – one-to-one This module focuses on the ways of using diplomatic language to deal with difficult meetings 1.5 Writing – A placement report This module focuses on writing reports and the language and style used in them 1.6 Case study – Counselling This module focuses on living and working abroad and the use of counselling skills and counselling language to discuss problems VOCABULARY NEW WORDS/ PRONUNCIATION VIETNAMESE MEANING/EXPLANATION STRUCTURES 1.1 About business – Work culture and placements /əˈsaɪnmənt/ assignment (noun) Nhiệm vụ, bổn phận giao His first assignment as a reporter was to write about that politician (Nhiệm vụ với tư cách phóng viên anh viết trị gia đó) /ɔːˈtɒnəmi/ autonomy (noun) Quyền tự trị, tự quản New regulations have severely restricted our autonomy (Những quy định giới hạn nghiêm ngặt quyền tự trị chúng ta) /ˈbiːtɪŋ/ beating (noun) Hành động đánh hình phạt The man had been given a severe beating (Người đàn ông bị đánh nặng) (be) the done /(bi:) ðə ˌdʌn ˈθɪŋ/ Một điều đắn để làm cách thing đắn mà người nghĩ người (phrase) nên cư xử Keeping silent is the done thing for her (Giữ im lặng điều mà cô nên làm) burst into tears /ˌbɜːst ɪntə ˈtɪəz/ (phrase) Ịa khóc She burst into tears when she saw me (Nhìn thấy tơi, ịa khóc) dress code (noun) /ˈdres ˌkəʊd/ Quy tắc ăn mặc nơi kiện định The dress code in our office is very formal – everybody wears a suit (Quy tắc ăn mặc văn phòng trang trọng – người phải mặc vét) etiquette /ˈetɪkət/ Nghi thức, phép xã giao, ứng xử Office etiquette demands that you don’t (noun) read other people’s messages (Có quy tắc ứng xử văn phịng bạn khơng đọc tin nhắn người khác) get in (to the /ɡet ˈɪntə ði ˈɒfɪs/ Đến/ có mặt văn phòng office) Mark never gets in before 9.30 (Mark (phrasal verb) khơng có mặt văn phòng trước 30 phút) induction /ɪnˈdʌkʃn/ Quá trình nghi lễ giới thiệu cơng việc, kỹ năng, tổ chức mới, v v… (noun) với The induction of new employees will take place in the main hall (Buổi lễ giới thiệu nhân viên diễn đại sảnh) initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ Khả nghĩ sáng kiến đưa định cách độc lập (noun) take the initiative: người tiên phong hành động She would have to take the initiative in order to improve their relationship (Cô phải người trước bước để cải thiện mối quan hệ họ) intern /ɪnˈtɜːn/ Thực tập sinh (noun) Most employers prefer interns who already have some work experience (Hầu hết nhà tuyển dụng thích thực tập sinh có chút kinh nghiệm làm việc) pick up /ˌpɪk ˈʌp/ Thu thập thông tin học kỹ cách vô tình khơng (phrasal verb) cần cố gắng She picked up good English skills when living in England (Cô học nhiều kỹ tiếng Anh cách dễ dàng sống Anh) skive off /ˌskaɪv ˈɒf/ Khơng có mặt trường học nơi làm việc lẽ bạn nên có mặt (phrasal verb) You must never skive off work (Bạn không trốn việc) solidarity /ˌsɒlɪˈdỉrəti/ (noun) Sự đồn kết, tình đồn kết He expressed his solidarity with the coworkers (Anh thể tình đồn kết với đồng nghiệp) stressed out /ˌstrest ˈaʊt/ Căng thẳng có q nhiều cơng việc chịu q nhiều áp lực (adjective) I am always stressed out whenever my boss complains about my work (Tôi bị căng thẳng mức sếp phàn nàn công việc tôi) subtle (adjective) /ˈsʌtl/ Tinh vi, tinh tế, không dễ phát hiện, không dễ mô tả There are subtle differences between the two ways of working (Có khác biệt khó miêu tả hai phong cách làm việc này) turn out /ˌtɜːn ˈaʊt/ (phrasal verb) Hóa It turns out (that): It turns out that I was right all along (Hóa tơi đúng) 1.2 Vocabulary – Work organization and responsibility as such /əz ˈsʌtʃ/ Dùng sau danh từ muốn nhấn mạnh đến nghĩa thông dụng danh từ (phrase) Right now we don’t have an HR department as such, so our Office Manager takes care of personnel (Hiện chúng tơi chưa có phịng nhân nên quản lý văn phịng làm cơng việc đó) dog eat dog /ˌdɒɡ iːt ˈdɒɡ/ Tranh giành, cấu xé lẫn quyền lợi It’s a dog-eat-dog world out there (phrase) (Ngoài giới cạnh tranh khốc liệt) foreman /ˈfɔːmən/ (noun) Quản đốc, đốc công He has got a job as the foreman of a building site (Anh tuyển làm quản đốc công trường xây dựng) on a day-to-day /ɒn ə ˌdeɪ tə ˌdeɪ basis (chỉ tần suất) Hàng ngày ˈbeɪsɪs/ (phrase) on a daily/weekly/monthly/annual, etc basis: hàng ngày/ tuần/ tháng/ năm Safety equipment was checked on a daily basis (Các trang thiết bị an toàn kiểm tra hàng ngày) organigram /ɔːˈɡỉnəɡrỉm/ Sơ đồ chứa tên vị trí tồn nhân viên tổ chức phịng (noun) ban Our company’s organigram is big (Bảng sơ đồ tên nhân viên công ty lớn) overview /ˈəʊvəvjuː/ (noun) Khái quát, tổng quan overview of: The book gives an overview of management techniques (Cuốn sách cung cấp tổng quan phương pháp quản lý) predecessor /ˈpriːdəsesə(r)/ (noun) Người tiền nhiệm Alexander seems to have learned nothing from the faults of his predecessors (Alexander dường khơng học từ sai lầm người tiền nhiệm) subsidiary /səbˈsɪdiəri/ (noun) Công ty My company has many subsidiaries in Europe (Công ty có nhiều cơng ty châu Âu) take over (phrasal verb) /ˌteɪk ˈəʊvə/ Giành lấy, giành quyền điều khiển, giành quyền kiểm soát, tiếp quản We have/ ’ve worked We have not/ haven’t worked They have/ ‘ve worked They have not/ haven’t worked Have they worked? Have we worked? Present Perfect is used for: An action which took place in the past but the precise time limits of the actions are not specified E.g Before becoming a master chef, I have driven a taxi, gathered chicken eggs in a farm and sold hand-made products An action which began before the moment of speaking and continue into or up to it, or stopped before it This tense focuses on the action and the result E.g I have read books this week Recurrent actions up to present and may be repeated in the future The time of the action is not known (experience) E.g I have eaten raw fish salad twice Time expressions used with Present Perfect: - Since, for (an hour, many years, the last few days, a long time, ages …) - These days, over the last few weeks, all this week, all day long, all along, all this time, all one’s life - Today, this morning, this weekend … - So far, to date, up to now, up to present, till now, until now, before, of late, lately … - Just, already, recently, ever, never … 3.4 Present Perfect Continuous Form We form the present perfect continuous with has followed by been and the main verb in an -ing form 112 Affirmative Negative I have /’ve been working I have not/ haven’t been Interrogative Have I been working? working You have/’ve been You have not/ haven’t been Have you been working working working? He/She/It has / ’s been He/She/It has not/ hasn’t been Has he/she/it been working working working? We have/ ’ve been We have not/ haven’t been Have we been working? working working They have/ ‘ve been They have not/ haven’t been Have they been working working working? Present Perfect Continuous is used for: Actions which were in progress quite recently but the precise time limits of the actions are not specified This tense focuses on the continuity and duration of the action E.g She has been cleaning the house Actions which began before the moment of speaking and continue into or up to it, or stopped just before it This tense focuses on the continuity and duration of the action E.g I have been waiting for more than hours Time expressions used with Present Perfect Continuous: the same with present perfect simple WRITING– A CV 4.1 What is a CV? A CV (curriculum vitae) or a résumé is a written record of your education and work history, used when you are looking for a job A CV is a good way of advertising yourself to 113 potential employers If your CV cannot get the attention of the reader, you will have no more chances to convince the company to consider you for employment A CV is often enclosed with a covering letter which highlights your most relevant skills and your enthusiasm for the vacancy When a covering letter helps get you noticed, the employer can find more information of the applicant in a CV To have an effective covering letter, the CV should be written at first because it is an outline for deciding which information should be included in the letter Some notes: Your CV should be neat and easy to read For example, use the same typeface and font size for headings, use bullet points in every section and the same spacing between lines and paragraphs One-page CV is usually long enough for most students recently graduating from university The employer prefers a CV with relevant information to one including unnecessary facts However, if you need more space, it’s better to use two pages rather than try to squeeze everything into one page There is no one right way to write a CV Decide which is relevant to put in your CV and which is more relevant to put it first You should consider the requirements of the employer, too For example, some employers like to have a summary of your qualifications at the top of the page The number of sections can also be changed to suit your skills and abilities For instance, we can add “volunteering achievements” if you have volunteered a lot and use “positions of responsibility” if you have had a lot of responsibility 4.2 Structure of a CV Personal details Include date of birth, nationality, current and permanent address together with the phone number Education List the most recent education first Give the years you attended, the name of your educational institutions, the major field of study, the degree you received and the range of grade 114 Work history List any positions you have been in You should start with your most recent job and working backwards Show the date of employment, type of work performed, company’s name and address in short Describe the things you have done, the skills you have developed and the achievements Positions of responsibility Mention the responsibilities you have undertaken in reverse chronological order Include the time and the name of responsibility Provide details and examples of responsibility These examples could be from work experience, volunteer activities, school projects, internships and hobbies Other Present factors supporting your chance of employment but unnecessary to be written in a separate section List your skills, driving license, languages and hobbies Keep this part fairly short References You should include two referees; one should be an academic reference and one could be from an employer you have worked for (Adapted from The Business Intermediate Unit 4) 4.3 Useful language for CV writing Work history …to boost productivity Improved… …to increase efficiency Managed and motivated… Carried out extensive research in … Prepared …presentations and reports Chosen to … for… 115 Co-ordinated … Reduced… Dealt with …customers on a daily basis Reported to… Delivered high standards of … Responsible for Developed and implemented …processes Successfully achieved… and procedures to … Successfully implemented… Developed relationships with Successfully increased… Established… Successfully introduced… Gained in-depth knowledge and Successfully led… experience of… Successfully negotiated with… Education Academic qualifications obtained Dissertation: … Scholarships or sponsorships awarded Anticipated date of graduation is … Professional qualifications attained Continuing education classes in … Publications Skills Speak fluent … Award Highly PC literate Publications Expert level Membership of relevant bodies Chartered … Computing skills/knowledge Full clean UK driving license Type skills 4.4 A sample CV Jeremy King Date of birth 12 September, 1994, Wollongong, Australia 116 Nationality Australia Address 19 Rose Street, Wollongong, NSW2500, Australia Telephone 01234 567 8910 EDUCATION 2012-2015 BA in Economics at Wollongong University (Expected final grade 2:1) 2010-2012 Southern High School: A levels – Mathematics (A), Economics (B), French (B) WORK HISTORY Sept-Feb 2013 Internship with Bunnings Inc I played an integral part in the finance department This position required familiarity with accounts software, and involved liaising with colleagues in South Africa July-Oct 2012 Information officer with South Coast Social Security I was responsible for managing a confidential personal data I coordinate a three-day visit for a representative of the French government POSITIONS OF RESPONSIBILITY 2014 Secretary of South Coast Chamber of Commerce I was responsible for communications and edited a monthly newsletter I also liaised with guest presenters and the local authorities 2013-present Voluntary work for the charity SUNSHINE I devise and organize events for underprivileged children Social Secretary for the University Football team OTHER Bilingual German Typing speed: 90wpm REFERENCES Mr Burri, tutor, Wollongong University Mrs Baker, Principal, Southern High School 117 OTHER SUGGESTED WRITING QUESTIONS FOR UNIT Which one you prefer: working for one company all your life or working for several different companies in your life? What are your priorities in choosing a job: money, status and a comfortable lifestyle? What is “job sculpting” and how are the eight respective business functions being used to retain valuable employees? Do you want to work for one company the whole life or want to work for several different ones? Why? You have no idea how your career will develop or you have a clear idea of your career path? Why? What you think of the statement: “You are responsible for creating your own career within an organization”? Comment on the statement: “Move towards your long-term goal in small and easy stages” What are the differences between careers ten years ago and careers today? A good career choice is to something you are good at Present your ideas of this statement “Choose jobs that correspond to your interests is a good way to manage your career” Do you agree or disagree with this statement? “The most common mistake that people make in their career decisions is to something because they’re good at it” Do you agree with this statement? How you define failure? Comment on the statement: “Make sure that preconceived ideas about success and failure ae not preventing you from reaching our goals” Why you need to ask people for advice concerning your career choice? Any contradictions to the principle “knowing yourself to be yourself”? As a manager, how would you manage working with someone who doesn’t like you? As a job interviewer, how you ask and what you want to know about your candidate? 118 How to write a good CV? Advantages and disadvantages of taking a year off before or after university or in mid-career USEFUL WEBSITES Websites with background information on careers include: http://www.quintcareers.com/jobseekers_glossary.html http://www.businessballs.com/curriculum.htm http://www.alec.co.uk http://www.targetjobs.co.uk https://www.thebalancecareers.com/top-interview-questions-and-best-answers-2061225 https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/interviewing/top-interview-questions-and-answers https://zety.com/blog/how-to-write-a-cv https://novoresume.com/career-blog/how-to-write-a-cv SECTION 2: PRACTICE QUESTION Fill in each blank with the correct form of the word given in brackets People eventually (acknowledgement) him to be a high-flyer of our HR department Because there is a distinct difference between crocodile and alligator, they shouldn’t be used (interchange) They managed to force a change in the factory operation because a (success) of strikes led by local community groups from last Friday to this Wednesday Earlier this week they discussed several (controversy) topics of the moment such as same-sex marriage and abortion The kidnappers demanded a ransom of 1million dollars, but the girl’s father refused (compromise) with them He had managed working in his family owned company for years until he found his true (vocational) 119 That actress has a large nose but she is still so attractive She is said to have a/an (convention) look I don’t think it is difficult for a (divorced) to get married again today This is a good chance for (graduate) students to learn more about insurance If I were a fourth-year student, I would join it 10 Our group has a trip to the northern mountains each year to teach the _ (privilege) children in the remote areas QUESTION I Choose one underlined word or phrase which needs correcting in each sentence The study demonstrates that neither knowledge or experience will improve opportunities of success A demonstrates B neither C or D opportunities After last week’s discussion, the management decided that the product will be launched before Independence Day A last week’s B decided C will D launched While I am on business, my flowers should be water twice a day A am B on C should D be water When he receives the money from the insurance company last week, he had already had the car repaired A receives B had C had D repaired More than 600 million individual bacteria lives on the skin of humans A million B bacteria C lives D humans We will give a presentation about free trade challenges to small and large business owners on Wednesday afternoon at Paradise Building A will give B about C to D on Could you stop typing for a moment and leave me alone? I think of the next appraisal in May A typing B alone C think D the With winter approaching, our potential customers look for a product like this to keep them warm A with B approaching C look D to keep 120 My secretary has worked here for more than 10 years She leaves this position in two weeks, so I am working on sorting out a new one A has worked B leaves C in D am working 10 Since I did a placement in this company last summer, I had had several months’ experience of working in telesales A did B had C of D telesales II Read the passages below and choose the best answer Read the following passage and choose the best answer Sant Business Reporting, a leading source of information on global business and financial news, has internships available at its headquarters at the Henston Corporate Center in the following areas Newsroom: Research story ideas, answer phones, responds to e-mail correspondence, and provide support to newsroom staff Knowledge of current business events is required SantNews.com: Proofread, edit, and update online content for the online editorial staff Excellent writing and editing skills are a prerequisite A writing sample is mandatory Studio Operations: Assist engineers and technicians with cameras, microphones, lighting and other television studio equipment Experience using audio-visual equipment is essential Please supply two references Archives: Organize video, audio, and written content in the company archival system Search the system for content requested by various departments The position demands a detail-oriented intern with strong research skills Candidates should be currently enrolled in a degree program in a related field or have recently graduated Interns must work at least twenty hours per week, have superior communication and computer skills, and have an interest in broadcast news To be considered, complete an application, available from www.santbusiness.com/intern, and forward it, along with your résumé, to internship@santbusiness.com by May 15 Some departments require additional materials; include these with your application as needed 121 From: rpoznanski@drea.edu To: internship@santbusiness.com Date: May Subject: Available Internship Attachment: RP_resume.txt; RP_writing_sample.txt To whom it may concern, I am writing to apply for an internship at Sant Business Reporting Please find attached my application, résumé, and the required writing sample As a communications major at Drea University with previous experience as a research assistant at Blakely Media Outlet and as an administrative assistant at Rinwell Corporation, I am an ideal candidate for your internship Currently, I am employed on a part-time basis at my university’s library but can work at Sant Business Reporting for fifteen hours weekly throughout the summer as well as the academic year I hope to hear from you soon With best regards, Robert Poznanski (Adapted from ETS TOEIC Tests 2016 Part 7) What is suggested about Sant Business Reporting? A It provides studio equipment B It edits financial training videos C It sells courses of writing business reports D It broadcasts news on television What is required of all internship applicants? A An advanced degree in business B An ability to communicate effectively C Excellent writing skills 122 D Two letters of reference What department is Mr Poznanski most likely applying to? A Archives B Newsroom C SantNews.com D Studio Operations Why might Mr Poznanski’s application be declined? A He is available for fewer hours than required B He was employed by Sant Business Reporting in the past C He cannot work during the academic term D He did not provide his application by the deadline Where does Mr Poznanski currently work? A At Blakely Media Outlet B At Drea University C At Henston Corporate Center D At Rinwell Corporation Read the following passage and answer the questions Who’s in charge of career planning? (By Lisa Quast) “The real story behind career development: Who is responsible?” is a joint research study conducted by EdAssist and the University of Phoenix to explore employees’ and managers’ perceptions of whose responsibility it is to dive career development The results showed key disparities between the two groups’ perceptions: - Most workers believe it is employers’ responsibility to teach career development: 74% say employers should provide professional-development training, 71% say they should identify job opportunities and career paths, and 68% say they should provide careeradvancement mentoring - Most managers believe employees must take responsibility for their career development: 98% say workers should continually update and improve their skills, 85% say they should 123 identify job opportunities and career paths, and 80% say they should be responsible for building their job-hunting and career-planning skills The results of this study demonstrate why many workers and organizations fail at career management – each believes the other should be responsible “There needs to be more honest conversation between the two sides about what the end goal should be, as well as what learning tools are available within the organization to get there,” says Jay Titus, Senior Director of Academic Services at EdAssist, a leading provider of tuition assistance management programs To increase the effectiveness of employees’ self-advancement efforts, Titus recommends employers provide assistance in creating specific career plans, including timelines with milestones for achieving career goals “Access to on-the-job learning opportunities such as job rotations, job shadowing, mentoring, and targeted training to improve hard and soft skills can also help employees in their career development efforts,” he added “And for employers offering tuition assistance programs, they need to make sure that they are helping direct their employees toward academic programs that align with those efforts, rather than just funding degrees in a vacuum.” While many companies have implemented career planning and training, not all employees are lucky enough to work at such organizations This means you need to take ownership in driving your career advancement Here’s how: Define your career aspirations If you don’t know where you want to go, how will you get there? Take time to clearly define your aspirations Where you want to be in your career in three years, five years, 10 years? Identify your goals and create your career plan Goals reflect what you want to accomplish to improve yourself and to move forward in your career They ensure that you are headed in the right direction and help you achieve your aspirations quickly and efficiently Share your plan with your manager Ask him or her for feedback Are there other skills you should learn, education you should pursue or certifications you should obtain? Find out about training and tuition assistance Are there company-sponsored training sessions you could attend? Does your employer provide tuition reimbursement? Take 124 advantage of every opportunity your company offers to help you advance in your career Provide regular updates Share your development progress with your manager and HR representative on a regular basis Use these opportunities to discuss career options and to get guidance and feedback Even though the research study results demonstrated confusion in ownership of career planning, ultimately, the person responsible for your career is YOU Achieving career success requires more than luck and hard work – it requires a plan So grab a cup of coffee, sit down and create yours (Adapted from “Who’s in charge of career planning” in Forbes https://www.forbes.com/sites/lisaquast/2014/09/29/whos-in-charge-of-career-planningyou/#7ac171bf39c2) What perception employees show as the research results? What is the percentage of managers stating the responsibility of employees for developing career-planning skills? What should be done to improve career management? How often should you tell your employer about your career development process? 10 According to the writer, what factors can help employees move ahead in their career? QUESTION I Choose the suitable word to fill in each blank A gap year offers practical (1) to many recent high school graduates, and these are supported by advances in neuroscience, particularly in the brain development of late adolescents Experts agree that a structured year away from a formal academic setting can help students (2) _ their goals, increase motivation, find relief developing brains more time to (3) _ crucial structural changes that support higher-order functioning It is reported that there are important (4) changes happening at the age of late adolescents: much of brain development that supports decision making and self-control isn’t (5) until our 20s Psychologists use the term “executive functioning” to refer to the (6) of skills that comprise the ability to control oneself and 125 sacrifice present impulses for future gain The decision to study instead of going to a party or playing Xbox is a/an (7) of executive functioning in action The trouble is that a part of our brain that’s essential to executive functioning, the prefrontal cortex, doesn’t finish developing until the early 20s (8) _, myelin sheaths, another important feature of the brain, continue to mature into the late 20s When mature, myelin sheaths act as insulation around neural connections, and insulation improves the connections between different parts of the brain Though measured in milliseconds, the increased processing speed that results can make a (9) difference in controlling impulses In other words, when your teenage son’s amygdala tells him he’s angry, the signal in his brain is a little slower to reach his (still developing) prefrontal cortex in time to let it weigh in with self-control before he acts on his anger All of this is to say that while it may not excuse their behavior, and it certainly isn’t the only factor, there are biological reasons teenagers sometimes behave (10) _ Given the potential benefits of a gap year, it’s worth considering whether one is right for your family Your teenager’s developing brain will likely thank you and, perhaps when those synapses are myelinated and her prefrontal cortex is matured, she’ll thank you, too (Adapted from “Why your brain would love it if you took a gap year” in Forbes https://www.forbes.com/sites/noodleeducation/2017/04/24/why-your-brain-would-love-itif-you-took-a-gap-year/#3f1333b941e2) A chances B benefits C challenges D lessons A build B change C refine D offer A demand B undergo C produce D prevent A physiological B psychological C physical D biological A complement B completing C complete D completed A bunch B handful C series D cluster A proposal B research C agreement D example A For instance B Likewise C In addition D However A slight B little C vital D basic 10 A evidently B obviously C scientifically D irrationally II Writing What can you to create a career that lights your fire? 126 ... bổ ích, nhằm củng cố nâng cao vốn từ vựng, kiến thức ngữ pháp, khả viết văn thương mại, hỗ trợ sinh viên việc tiếp thu vốn kiến thức phong phú giáo trình The Business Intermediate, sách The Business. .. Business Intermediate – Bổ trợ kiến thức tập biên soạn để đáp ứng nhu cầu quan trọng Mỗi đơn vị học gồm phần lý thuyết thực hành Phần kiến thức học phân bổ sau: SECTION REMEMBER: Tổng kết từ vựng, kiến. .. https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/company-culture https://www.forbes.com/sites/alankohll/2 018 /08 /14 /how-to-build-a-positive-companyculture/#3427232249b5 SECTION 2: PRACTICE QUESTION Fill in each blank with the correct form of the