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SKKN Vận dụng một số kỹ thuật dạy học mới nhằm phát huy tính tích cực học tập của học sinh vào dạy tiết getting started, listen and read unit 10 Recycling English 8 0 SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO THANH HÓA[.]
SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO THANH HĨA PHỊNG GIÁO DỤC & ĐÀO TẠO NGA SƠN SÁNG KIẾN KINH NGHIỆM VẬN DỤNG MỘT SỐ KỸ THUẬT DẠY HỌC MỚI NHẰM PHÁT HUY TÍNH TÍCH CỰC HỌC TẬP CỦA HỌC SINH VÀO DẠY TIẾT: GETTING STARTED, LISTEN AND READ UNIT 10: RECYCLING - ENGLISH Người thực : Mai Thị Hảo Chức vụ : Giáo viên Đơn vị công tác : Trường THCS Nga Tân SKKN thuộc môn : Tiếng Anh THANH HÓA, NĂM 2017 SangKienKinhNghiem.net CONTENTS Page CONTENTS A INTRODUCTION Reasons to choose the study: .2 Purpose of the study: 3 Object of study: Research methodology……… … ……… …… …………….………3 B CONTENT .4 Theoretical background of the experience initiative: 1.1 What is the technical concept of active teaching? .4 1.2 The meaning of using "Active Teaching Techniques" in Teaching English 8……………………………………………………………….… Situation of the problem before applying the study Advantages of the study: .5 2.2 Difficulties to implement experience idea theme: .5 Solutions used to solve the problem Select the content: .6 Develop content for implementation of active teaching techniques: 3 Methodology: Specific application: Apply techniques: “table cloth”, "mind map" to teach the lesson: 10 Efficiency of the study 16 4.1 Research results: .16 4.2 The meaning of the research topic 17 C CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 18 Conclusion: 18 Recommendations: 18 REFERENCES ……………………………………………… …………… 19 SangKienKinhNghiem.net A INTRODUCTION Reasons to choose the study: The school year 2016 - 2017 is the one continued active implementation of the Action Program for the implementation of Central Resolution No.29 on November 4, 2013, the 8th Plenum of the 11th Party Central Committee and its documents The assembly XII on fundamental renewal, comprehensive education and training confirming the new humanity philosophy of the national education system is "teaching people, teaching words and vocational training" Continuing to strongly renovate teaching and learning methods in order to bring into full play their active, active and creative pupils; enhance practical skills, apply knowledge and skills in solving practical problems; diversify learning forms, focusing on creative experiential activities and scientific research of students and promoting the application of information and communication technology in teaching and learning In order to that, the teacher must incorporate a variety of teaching methods, in which collaborative teaching methods are of particular interest One of the methods has been mentioned for many years and used in various forms is group discussions, and there are now more group teaching techniques more advanced than group activities The level of simplicity is: the technique of “table cloth”, "mind map" "pieces" not only in the teacher's book but in the regularly studying document and then in the teaching methodology innovation materials At secondary schools, it is focused as the main teaching method today Implementing the guidance of the Ministry of Education and Training, and the Department of Education and Training of Thanh Hoa, being aware of the importance of teaching method innovation, following the direction of Nga Son district's education department, the head of Nga Tan Secondary School has been encouraging and motivating teachers to actively innovate teaching methods, flexible use of teaching methods at teaching hours in class to achieve the best results for learners Teaching in a new way will enable students to work, to express their opinions and to express their ideas in a bold way, that is, we are successfully implementing teaching methods By teaching experience and learning process, I would like to give a little experience: "Apply some new teaching techniques to promote the positiveness of students in studying English 8" SangKienKinhNghiem.net Purpose of the study: Applying some active teaching techniques in teaching English to promote creativity in learning and improving the quality of teaching and learning for students in grade of Nga Tan Secondary School Object of the study: "Active teaching methods" in teaching English in grade of Nga Tan Secondary School Research methodology: To study this topic, I conducted the following research methods: theoretical study group: read and analyze, systematize and generalize the material related to the topic Group research methodology, observation method: I watch, actively observe the teaching and learning English of the students of Nga Tan secondary school Interviewing and chatting methods: I talked with my colleagues and students to find out about the current situations of teaching and learning in Nga Tan Secondary School Method of experience summation: Exchange experience with teachers, colleagues Experimental method: Conducted by a defined process that compares two methods: traditional and positive teaching methods SangKienKinhNghiem.net B CONTENT Theoretical background of the experience initiative: 1 What is the technical concept of active teaching? Positive teaching method (active teaching method) is a shortened term, used to refer to teaching methods in order to promote the positiveness, activeness and creativeness of learners Teaching method actively aims at activating learners' cognitive activity, is focusing on promoting the positive of learners rather than focusing on the positive of the learner However, in order to teach in a positive way, teachers have to make more efforts than passive teaching Positive teaching techniques are teaching techniques that are of special significance in promoting active participation of students in the teaching process, stimulating thinking, creativity and working collaboration The positive teaching techniques presented here are applied favorably in teamwork However, they can also be combined in the form of classroom instruction to promote student motivation, depended on the application of each teacher These techniques are also referred to as methods 1.2 The meaning of using "Active Teaching Techniques" in Teaching English Organizing this activity is an exchange of ideas about a problem between students and teachers, students and students so it has meaning on both sides: - For students: + Developing positive thought, active participation in learning activities, self-discovery and knowledge acquisition, training skills, building the right attitude and behavior + Strongly presenting and defending personal opinions; actively discussing, debating, asking questions for one’s self + Developing their speaking, communication, debating, and fostering of research methods as well as methods of reading + Through discussion, students can change personal views for reasons on the basis of student information events in the classroom - On the teacher side: + The process of discussion under the guidance of the teacher also creates a two-way relationship between the teacher and students, helps both students, and teachers understand the effect of education in terms of awareness, attitudes, and point of students’ behavior trend SangKienKinhNghiem.net - Creation of teaching methods helps promote students' proactive, positive and self-studying In the course of teaching, there is a positive relationship between teachers and students, between students and students; It conducts through the organization of student learning activities, combines individual learning with collaborative learning, teamwork - Focus on the training of skills, capacity for action, use of knowledge, reinforcement of practice, and attachment of lesson contents to real life - Designing and guiding students to carry out learning activities in a variety of forms, rich, attractive, appropriate to the characteristics of the unit, with characteristics and level of students with specific conditions of class, school and locality Situation of the problem before applying the study Advantages of the study: Nga Tan Secondary School is one of the schools with a large staff of teachers There are 35 staff members in the whole school, of which teachers are in English The school administrators and their professional groups always pay close attention to the expertise of each comrade, organize the examination and assessment, and draw lessons for teaching I have always not only studied by myself but also from experienced teachers with their teaching on the "New Teaching Method", so I should also boldly apply this topic The students are well acquainted with the teaching techniques of “table cloth”, "mind map" through other subjects, so they conduct and absorb easily 2.2 Difficulties to implement the study: In fact, in the course of teaching, the application of teaching methods to cooperate with teachers has many difficulties such as: - Choosing a focus group discussion that is not always close to the focus, or problem that is also strange to students - The students' understanding of social issues has not yet been paid attention - At secondary schools, English is one of the subjects being considered compulsory subjects, but this subject is not very easy, so the enthusiasm and interest for the subject of students is not high That is the main reason leading to the quality of learning English of students has not met the requirements, the current educational goals SangKienKinhNghiem.net *The result of the above situation: The result of the first test in grade is as follows: Total number of students grade 98 Excellent SL % Good SL % 4,1 Fair SL 45 % 45,9 Poor SL 46 % 46,9 Fail SL % 3,1 + From the above results, based on the actual teaching, I find it necessary to make changes in the contents and methods of conducting collaborative teaching I give a little experience to improve the quality of teaching - learning English: "Apply some new teaching techniques to promote the positiveness of students" in the hope of effectively providing knowledge in English, training all four skills, helping them more absorbed in the acquisition of knowledge of English Solutions used to solve the problem 3.1 Select the content: - First: When selecting the content of discussion, the teacher should pay attention to the items, the appropriate problems for students to discuss They should be often not so difficult in terms of content but interest students There should be many different solutions, many ways of thinking about a problem and especially close to students - Second: It is important to note the content of the discussion that is to consider what the students know what to feel, what to think about the subject matter of the content Students may have difficulties in group discussions, which will take time, teachers will be active in correcting the knowledge and content to help them avoid vague contents - Third: The content of the discussion can be taken from the textbook, from the local realities of the country as paying attention to issues that have many solutions From the above selection principles, I would like to present the contents that I have conducted to implement active teaching techniques in teaching English as follows:[1] SangKienKinhNghiem.net Unit Lesson Content discussed Safety precautions in the home Read Getting started, listen and read Speak Read Getting started, listen and read Getting started, listen and read 10 Getting started, listen and read 10 Read 13 Getting started 13 Read 15 Getting started Our past – Viet Nam 100 years ago Talk about the way things used to be and the way they are now The ways to learn words The activities that the Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer and Youth Organization participate in The differences between the country and the city The ways we can reduce the amount of garbage we produce Recycling facts Where should foreigner go on for their visits to Viet Nam Christmas festival Advantages of computers 3.2.Develop content for implementation of active teaching techniques: 3.2.1 Base on the video channel: In recent school years, textbooks have been changed a lot, especially the channel is increasingly noticeable in terms of quantity and quality The channel is a source of knowledge and a means of illustrating the lesson; being a source of knowledge as it is used to exploit knowledge, as well as an illustration when it is used only to clarify the content Therefore, teachers need to use the images thoroughly to teach in the methods in generality and discuss in particularity Besides, teachers can use images outside the textbook to build content for discussion activities Through pictures they will work together to complete the common work assigned by teachers Students will then find out what the teacher wants to communicate to students 3.2.2 Base on student book’s channel: Besides the visual channels in the textbook is considered the minimum teaching method, but very necessary in the teaching process The syllabus in the textbook provides situations and information that has been carefully selected so teachers can organize instruction for students to collect and process information SangKienKinhNghiem.net - Combination of video and text channels in textbooks to help students acquire new knowledge, practice image analysis skills and practice information gathering skills It is one of the necessary competencies of new employees in the information explosion society 3.2.3 Base on practical knowledge: - Knowledge outside the textbook is extremely rich and unlimited Therefore the teacher should select the appropriate problem for students to discuss The problem is not hard on the special content of this issue must be close to students - With this content selected, the teacher needs students to prepare in advance so students are aware of the content requirements of the discussion, the main sources and tasks of the collective, as well as the individual Some items that require students to collect information in order to illustrate the discussion 3.3 Methodology: Group division: Depending on the class size of the class, the teacher can divide each group of children or children, so that it is appropriate for each teaching technique Step 1: The teacher reminds the whole class of the problem to determine the task for each group Step 2: Distribute the cards to the groups Step 3: The groups conduct group discussions according to the contents of the questionnaire and assignments When discussing, the team leader assigns tasks to the team members Step 4: The teacher calls the representative to present the results of the discussion Step 5: The teacher call additional groups, comments from the groups presented Step 6: The teacher summarizes the discussion and adds the correct knowledge I would like to come up with some specific content, along with a copy of the form and some of the actions I have taken in applying active teaching techniques to teach English Specific application: Apply the technique of "table cloth" [5] - It is a collaborative learning organization that combines individual and team activities to stimulate, promote active participation, enhance individual independence, responsibility, and play Develop models that interact with students - Implementation of technique "table cloth" through phases: SangKienKinhNghiem.net + Independent student phase: Team members sit in the position as illustrations, thinking activities focus on the question (or topic, ), then present the idea of the session Body in the umbrella specified in the "table cloth” independent relative to other members; + Student interaction phase: members share and discuss answers, then write the group's overall idea in the box between the "table cloth" Technique "table cloth" personal idea personal idea personal idea The group's general opinion on the topic personal idea 3.4.2 Utilize the "mind map" technique:[5] It is a teaching technique that organizes and develops thinking, helps students convey information to the brain, and then sends information out of the brain easily, and is a creative and effective means of recording: + Expand, deepen and connect ideas + Cover ideas on a wide range How to proceed: - From a big topic, find out related topics - From each small topic, find out the relevant elements / content SangKienKinhNghiem.net - The branching goes on and the elements / content are always connected This alignment will create an "immense picture" that describes the topic in a large and complete way.[4] - More creative - Save time - Remember better - See the overall picture - Organize and classify students Apply techniques: “table cloth” , "mind map" to teach the lesson: [2,3] During the school year 2016 - 2017, I have experimented with the subject and found many encouraging results I would like to introduce a lesson plan that uses two active teaching techniques in the lesson: Getting started, Listen and read, Unit 10: Recycling 10 SangKienKinhNghiem.net UNIT 10: RECYCLING PERIOD 61: GETTING STARTED & ISTEN AND READ * Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students will be given information about environment problems They will be able to save the environment and save natural resources * Language contents: - Grammar: Adj + to inf / Phrase - Vocabulary: representative, protect, natural resources, reuse, reduce recycle, contact, protect, amount * Techniques: - “table cloth”: - “mind map”: * Teaching aids - Pictures, projector, extra board, posters, color pencils Teacher’s and students’ activities Work arrangement *Getting started: Technique: “table cloth” -T lets Ss watch the images about garbage and its bad effects to our lives - Then, let’s them watch some images about reducing the amount of garbage we produce every day - Divides the class into small groups of 4, delivers posters to students, then asks Ss to think of ways to reduce the amount of Group work garbage they produce - Each student writes the own idea on the poster After that, they discuss and write common ideas of their group on the center of the poster - Ss put the posters on the board and use their work to practice speaking in front of the class 11 SangKienKinhNghiem.net Example: Group1 Speaking: S1: I think we should use tree leaves to wrap things Group work S2: I agree with you And I think we should reuse old plastic bags, glass, old car tires S3: You’re right We also use used paper or pieces of wood to make toys S4: I agree with you We should use cloth bags for shopping - Ss keep practicing group by group basing on their posters - Finally, T gives feedback to Ss - T gives marks to the groups *Listen and read *Pre-reading Pre-teach Vocabulary Technique: “table cloth” - T asks Ss to find new words in small groups - At first, they work individually by writing their own work on their pieces of the poster, and then they discuss and write the common ideas on the center of the poster Group work 12 SangKienKinhNghiem.net - T gives them feedback - Gives them the pronunciation and forms of the words New words: - representative (n): translation , represent (v) - protect: (to keep so / st save from danger), protection (n) - natural resource: (translation / explanation ) (coal mines , oil / gold / mineral deposits are … ) - reuse: (use again) - reduce: (make something less) - recycle: (to make something already used able to be uses again) - contact: (to communicate with someone by telephone or letter , email …) - amount (n) * Structure: Adjectives followed by an inf / a noun clause Ex: It’s not difficult to remember adj to inf I’m vey happy that you are interested in protecting the environment Adj Noun clause 13 SangKienKinhNghiem.net Checking new words: Rub out and Remember: * While- reading Technique: ““table cloth””, “mind map” Group work - Ss practice the dialogue in front of the class - T corrects if necessary - T asks Ss to work in groups of to answer questions a, b, c - Compare the result with the other groups Group work - Ss give feedback a - Reduce means not buying products which are over packaged b - We can reuse things like envelopes glass, plastic bottles, and old plastic bags c - Recycle means not throwing things away Try and find another use for them - T gives marks to the groups - T asks Ss to answer questions c, d individually - Gives them feedback d - We can look for information on recycling things by having a contact with an organization like Friends of the Earth , going to the local library, or asking our family and friends e - (students’ answers ) 14 SangKienKinhNghiem.net We shouldn’t use plastic bags because when we throw them away they could stay very long and could not be self – destroyed Group work self – demolished - Guide Ss to draw mind map “Recycling” in groups - After three activities, T needs to add total points for the groups and find out the winner * Post- reading [4] *Speaking: Use the mind map to talk about the topic “How should we to protect the environment and save natural resources” Individual work 15 SangKienKinhNghiem.net * Issues to consider when applying the teaching techniques mentioned above: + When discussing, the facilitator may be a teacher or student, when organizing the discussion, we should assign each student to the group so that each student has the ability to lead the discussion In this way, we help our students to foster their capacity to organize scientifically driven activities and to increase their interest in research and also to contribute to the implementation of a comprehensive guideline for education + Teachers observe, follow without discussion, not cut off the students, not react if the answer, argue not true + Teachers should contact students with eye contact, smile and intimate interaction with students who are responding or with students who provide answers to encourage them to speak + Teachers should encourage the participation of each individual, expressed interest in answering the correct answer, or accurate comment, focusing on positive contributions of students + For students who bring information to attract attention, give out inappropriate ideas or events, ask silly questions and pretend to be interesting Teachers should quickly make students aware of the mismatch of that information without hurting the student's emotions When discussing, the teacher must listen carefully to what students say and say If not, it will be hard to remember, to summarize the students' discussion We should record the basic ideas of each development idea to identify conflicts expressed in the comments presented by each group in order to timely identify the problem Finally, before answering, teachers should use the question: Do other groups have any other ideas before agreeing with this idea? Efficiency of the study 4.1 Research results: Active teaching is an extremely important strategic task, cooperative teaching is not out of the educational mission of our country today With method and content implementation "Active Teaching Techniques" in teaching English I used successfully in teaching English 8, the students know group discussions, students not only know how to work individually but also know how to work collectively, know how to exploit information, transfer the course of the school into the process of selftraining While discussing the children's heated debate they presented pictures that 16 SangKienKinhNghiem.net illustrate the problem presented Students are very interested in learning English and the result of the final exam is much better Results table after the application of teaching techniques into the lessons: Total Not Interested number Excellent Good Fair Fail interested level of level students % SL % grade SL % SL % SL % SL % SL 98 13 13,3 32 32,6 53 53,1 0 90 91,8 8,2 4.2 The meaning of the research topic Researching topics helps teachers select contents, methods focus on: - Training skills, acting skills, applying knowledge, enhancing practice, and incorporating lesson contents with real life practices - Effectively using teaching equipment be self-employed by teachers and pupils who are interested in the application of information technology in teaching - Encouraging the progress of students in the learning process in time; diversifying the content, forms, ways of evaluating and enhancing the effectiveness of the evaluation 17 SangKienKinhNghiem.net C CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Conclusion: Applying teaching methods to promote students' self-initiative, positiveness and self-learning skills is to attach importance to training methods of thinking, self-learning ability and self-study; creating joy, excitement, need for action and a confident attitude in learning for students; demonstrating positive relationships between teachers and students, students and students, combines individual learning with collaborative learning, teamwork With the little experience in the teaching process, I would like to introduce some methods and techniques of active teaching in teaching English for comrades to consult, contribute ideas Additional ideas to build together more effective teaching hours Recommendations: - In recent years, the Department of Education organized seminars for teachers to meet and exchange information with their colleagues on how to use new methods in teaching I look forward more often to seminars and workshops on teaching methods organized - It is recommended that the Education Department, annually, the classified experience initiatives should be compiled and disseminated about the school facilities for teachers to refer and use to increase the feasibility of research topics - One of the influencing factors in active teaching methods is physical means, information technology Therefore, schools need to attract investment resources, socialization of active education, support facilities, technology and take appropriate measures, the right dosage will fit the interests, goals study and can lead to profound transformations in educational relations with the current situation Nga Son, April 15th, 2017 ’ CONFIRMATION OF THE HEAD MASTER OF NGA TAN SECONDARY SCHOOL STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I hereby acknowledge that this study is mine The date and findings discussed in the thesis are true, used with permission from associates and have not been published elsewhere Author: Nguyễn Văn Chiều Mai Thị Hảo 18 SangKienKinhNghiem.net REFERENCES Student’s book- Teacher’s book English - Educational Publisher Lesson design English - Hanoi Pedagogic University Press Frequently fostering materials in English - Publisher Education Software mind map drawing Website: https://tusach.thuvienkhoahoc.com 19 SangKienKinhNghiem.net