Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
English in the USA English in the USA Group 7 GROUP MEMBERS Nguyễn Phước Tuấn Huy Phạm Uyển Trà My Trương Vân Anh Nguyễn Phan Ngọc Anh Trịnh Mai Trinh OVERVIEW 01 03 04 02 Secrets to understand fast t.
English in the USA Group GROUP MEMBERS Nguyễn Phước Tuấn Huy Phạm Uyển Trà My Trương Vân Anh Nguyễn Phan Ngọc Anh Trịnh Mai Trinh OVERVIEW 01 02 Secrets to understand fast-talking Americans? How to sound more native? 03 American English Vowels 04 Differences between American and British Secrets to understand fast-talking Americans? - Americans reduce a lot of sounds when they speak Don’t you want to get a coffee later? → /Duhwntchuh wanna gedduh coffee layder?/ “Don’t you” → /Duhwntchuh/ “want to” → /wanna/ “get a” → /gedduh/ 25 common reduce words The Are And Of A To Was That For 10 You 11 He 12 At 13 But /ðə/ /ər/ /ən/ /ə/ /ə/ /tə/ /wəz/ /ðət/ /fər/ /yə/ /i/ /ət/ /bət/ 14 His /ɪz/ 15 From /frəm/ 16 Or /ər/ 17 As /əz/ 18 Their /ðər/ 19 Can /kən/ → to distinguish from Can't 20 Her /ər/ 21 Them /ərm/ 22 Him /ɪm/ 23 Your, you're /yər/ 24 Than /ðən/ 25 Our /ar/ 26 An /ən/ 19 common words Pairs that reduce 11 Lots of → lotsa 12 Out of → oudda 13 Type of → typa 14 Front of → frunna 15 Could have → coulda 16 Should have → shoulda 17 Would have → woulda 18 Might to → mighda 19 Must have → musta How to understand? - Don’t depend on slow english Try to study English the way it’s really spoken - Do listening exercises - Flood your brain with audio in English Movies, American radio stations, and TV series are useful Shadow reading Get the transcript of the audio you listen to As you listen, you read with the speaker You match the speaker’s speed, intonation, everything How to sound more native? Pronounce OUGH words in English There’s different ways this combination of letters can be pronounced Which are: /ɔ/, AW /ɔf/, AW+f /ʌf/, UH /oʊ/, OH /u/, U /aʊ/, OW Eg: /ɔ/, AW /ɔf/, AW+f /ʌf/, UH thought /θɔːt/ cough /kɔːf/ enough /ɪˈnʌf/ fought /fɔːt/ trough /trɔːf/ rough /rʌf/ /oʊ/, OH /aʊ/, OW /u/, U though /ðəʊ/ through /θruː/ although /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ throughout /θruːˈaʊt/ drought /draʊt/ bough /baʊ/ Emerican English Vowel Sound: /ə/ - More than one syllable has a syllable that stands out > stressed syllable - Unstressed syllable - Reduced syllable about today problem /ə/ Salad Connect /əˈbaʊt/ /təˈdeɪ/ /ˈprɑː.bləm/ - It changes when it put into a reduced syllable man off /mæn/ → salesman /ɑːf/ → offend /ˈseɪlz.mən/ /əˈfend/ /ˈsæl.əd/ /kəˈnekt/ English Homonyms - Homonyms: are two or more words with the same spelling or pronunciation, but with different meanings These words can sometimes be confusing, especially for children learning to spell them sun | son → true pair Ex: My son loves to play in the sun our | hour → false pair The word "our" actually reduces to "are" in connected speech for | four → false pair The word "for" reduces to "fer," whereas "four" will never reduce Ex: We scheduled the meeting for four I need to make a reservation for four our | are → true pair, sometimes (when "are" is at the beginning or end of a sentence, or stressed) Eg: Are you coming to our party? I don’t know where our suitcases are You are our first choice Otherwise, "are" actually reduces to "er" within a sentence, making our | are a false pair Eg: Our kids are both into soccer These are our favorite places to visit Our guests are gonna be here in an hour Spelling - ER/RE Words that end in –re in Britain often have those two letters reversed when spelled in American English Here are some examples: •British English: centre, fibre, litre, theatre •American English: center, fiber, liter, theater -NSE/NCE While the British use the –nce ending, Americans generally prefer –nse •American English: defense, license, offense, pretense •British English: defence, licence, offence, pretence -IZE/ISE American English uses the –ize spelling at the end of words, and while some people in Britain accept that as a valid spelling, you’ll usually see those same words spelled with the –ise ending instead •British English: apologise, organise, recognise •American English: apologize, organize, recognize -OR/OUR In British English, the preferred spelling of words ending in –our is not maintained in American English; in the United States, the “u” is dropped from the word •American English : behavior, color, humor, labor, neighbor, flavor •British English: behaviour, colour, humour, labour, neighbour, flavour - Double vowels “ae” and “oe” •American English : leukemia, maneuver, estrogen, pediatric •British English: leukaemia, manoeuvre, oestrogen, paediatric - Words ending in a vowel plus –l While Americans have dropped the double “l” when adding suffixes to verbs that end in the letter “l” the British still generally use the two-“l” approach to their spelling •American English: traveling, traveled, traveler, fueled, fueling •British English: travelling, travelled, traveller, fuelled, fuelling Grammar - Collective nouns In American English, collective nouns are singular For example: The government have cut spending But in British English, collective nouns can be singular or plural You might hear someone from Britain say, “The team are playing tonight” or “The team is playing tonight.” - Spelling - ed word The past tense of learn in American English is learned British English has the option of learned or learnt The same rule applies to dreamed and dreamt, burned and burnt, leaned and leant - Past participle •In American English: I’ve gotten a headache •In British English: I’ve got a headache - Dates •In American English: no article Eg: My birthday is September 9th •In British English: article + of Eg: My birthday is the 9th of September - Talking about recent past events •American English: already/just/yet + past simple Eg: I just saw her Did she leave yet? •British English: present perfect Eg: I have just seen her Has she left yet? - Compound nouns •American English: verb + noun Eg: jump rope, drive board •British English: gerund + noun Eg: skipping rope, driving board - Subjunctive mood •In American English: They suggested he rent a car •In British English: They suggested (that) he should rent a car - Preposition •In US: on the weekend, different from/than •In UK: at the weekend, different from/to Accents - R- sounds •In American English :"r" sounds are always clearly pronounced •In British English: “r” sound is not pronounced unless it is followed by a vowel sound - T-sounds •In British English, "t" sounds are pronounced as hard t's (voiceless /t/) •In the US, they sometimes sound like /r/ instead of /t/ - O-sounds In US: stop/stɑp/ ; know/noʊ/ In UK: stop/stɒp/ ; know/nəʊ/ - A-sounds /a:/ in UK normally becomes /æ/ in US Words that are /æ/ in UK remain pretty similar in US Vocabulary Eg: Garbage/trash (US) - rubbish (UK) Apartment (US) - flat (UK) Go on vacation (US) - go on holiday (UK) Elevator (US) - lift (UK) Candy shop (US) - sweet shop (UK) Thanks for listening! ... recognize -OR/OUR In British English, the preferred spelling of words ending in –our is not maintained in American English; in the United States, the “u” is dropped from the word •American English :... sounds in the English language different t sounds in American English 01 02 True T Flap T 03 04 Held T Vanishing T True T: clear, concise, distinct - Beginning of words: to tell take - Beginning... spelled in American English Here are some examples: •British English: centre, fibre, litre, theatre •American English: center, fiber, liter, theater -NSE/NCE While the British use the –nce ending,