2015 QUAN HỆ ấn độ ASEAN TRONG HAI THẬP NIÊN (AD chau a, 06 2015)

Nghien cuu An Do va Chau A So - 2015 NGHIEN C i r u KHOA HOC J QUAN HE A N D O - ASEAN TRONG HAI THAP NIEN SAU CHIEN TRANH LANH: THANH TUtJ VA TAC D O N G Nguyen Tudn Binh * Oaw Chiin tranh Lanh kit thuc, chu nghia xa hoi a Lien Xo sup do, dung truac kJvo van kho khdn nhiing yeu to khdch quan vd chu quan mang lai An Do da nhanh chong dieu chinh chinh sdch doi ngogi v&i cdc nuac ASEAN nhdm gidi quyet co hieu qud cdc vdn di dat cho ddt nuac Quan he An Do - ASEAN duac ndng len mot tdm cao mai Bdi viet tdp trung trinh bdy mot so thdnh tuu chu yeu quan he An Do ASEAN, ddng thai ddnh gid nhiing tdc dong cua moi quan he An Do - ASEAN doi vai An Do vd suphdt triin cpng dong ASEAN sau Chiin tranh Lgnh Tir khoa: An Dp, ASEAN, quan he An Do - ASEAN Mffdau Trong boi canh quoc te moi sau Chien tranh Lanh, duoi tac dpng cua xu huong d6i thoai, hpp tac, phat trien kinh te, toan c4u hoa va each mang khoa hpc ky thuat, hku hh cac quoc gia Ian tren the gioi, CO An Dp, deu phai dieu chinh chinh sach d6i ngoai cho phii hgp nham nang cao vi th^ kinh t^, chinh tri a khu vuc va tren trucmg quoc te Nham dat hieu qua cao •ThS., Tmong D^i hoc Su pham, D^i hpc Hui chinh sach doi ngoai "Huong Dong", vuon khu vuc chau A Thai Binh Duong, An Dp da chu trpng den ASEAN ASEAN la mpt to chtic khu vuc Dong Nam A hoat dpng c6ng nhit vdi nhi^u Igi the: nguyen vat lieu, thi trucmg, nhan cong , lai co vi tri lien ke Tang cuong quan he voi ASEAN se gop phin giam hot nhimg mat mat va kho khan ciia An Dp Chien tranh Lanh kk thuc Tir Nguyin Tuin Binh Quan he An D6 - ASEAN hai thdp nien Dong Nam A se la "tim van trugt" de An Dp but pha va vucm toi chien lugc chau A Thai Binh Duong Vdi nhung nhu cau va lgi ich tren, An Do thuc day manh me quan he voi cac nuoc ASEAN nham mang lai lgi ich cao nhat ve chinh tri, kinh te, an ninh quoc phong, nang tam vi the cua An Do tren trudng quoc te Nhung tyu chu yeu quan he An Do - ASEAN Ve chinh tri - ngoai giao, quan he An Dp - ASEAN khong ngimg dupc thit chat, tao nen tang cho su hgp tac tren cac ITnh vuc khac Tu nhihig nam 1990, ciing voi khau hieu "bien Dong Duong tir chiln truong thi truang" cua Thu tuong Thai Lan va nhimg giai phap ve hda binh Campuchia (1991) ma An Dp la nuoc co tiJng noi tich cue, da gop phin 6n dinh tinh hinh khu vitc Dong Nam A Cac m6i quan he, giao luu dugc mo rgng, xu thl xich lai gin giiia cac nuoc ASEAN va An D6 cang rS ret Dac biet tir sau An Dp thuc hien chinh sach d6i ngoai "Huong Dong", moi quan he chinh tri - ngoai giao hai ben cang dugc xuc tien manh me Nam 1992, An Dp tro thanh vien ddi thoai timg phin ciia ASEAN Sau tai Hpi nghj dien nam 1993 (New Delhi) da lap Uy ban hgp tac khu virc chung giira ASEAN va An Dp nham ph6i hgp cac m6i quan he khu vuc giiia hai ben linh vuc diu tu, mau dich va du lich Nhimg Uy ban tao diju kien thuan lgi cho cac m6i quan he d6i thoai khu vuc, dac biSt la quan h$ chinh trj, ngoai giao An Do tiSp tuc diy manh quan he voi ASEAN va tra thanh vien doi thoai day dii (1995) va nam 1996 la vien ciia Dien dan khu vuc ASEAN (ARF) Day la diln dan chu dao doi thoai ve cac van de chinh tri va an ninh, CO kha nang ling hiiu hieu voi nhung thach thiic ldn ciia khu vuc Nam 1997, An Dp lan dau tien dugc tham dir cuoc hpp cac quan chuc cap cao (SOM) lan thii tu cua ARF Quan he ddi tac chinh thiic giiip An Dp tham gia tich cue hon cac ca chi hoat ddng ciia ASEAN Dilu n&y cho thiy nhiing budc tien va sir danh gia cang cao cua ASEAN ddi vdi vai trd An Dp d Ddng Nam A Bieu hien ro nhat chinh la tai Hdi nghj Thugng dinh cac nudc ASEAN lin thli td chiic tai Brunei (11/2001), ASEAN da nang tam quan he ddi tac vdi An Dp len cap Thugng dinh ngang hang vdi Trung Qudc, Nhat Ban va Han Qudc Tit diu thl ky XXI, nhit la tir nam 2002, quan he An Do - ASEAN cd budc dot pha quan trpng, vdi cac moi quan he rgng md hon Thang 12/2002, Hdi nghi Thugng dinh ASEAN - An Dp lin diu tien da dugc td chiic tai Campuchia, hai ben tuyen bd chung v6 hgp tac ASEAN - An Do thl ky XXI An Dp da de nghi dupc tham gia ASEAN + (mdt ca chi ddi thoai thudng xuyen giua ASEAN vdi ddi tic cip Thugng dinh cua ASEAN la Trung Quoc, Nhat Ban va Han Qudc) Trong ITnh virc chinh trj - ngoai giao, quan he An Do ASEAN budc vao mdt giai doan mdi vdi viec ky ban kl hoach "Ddi tac vi hda binh, tiln bp va ciing thinh vugng" (11/2004) Nhieu Hpi nghj cap cao khac ciia ASEAN deu cd su tham gia ciia An Dp Hpi nghj Nghien ciiu An Dp va Chau A S6 - 2015 Thugng dmh lin thii giiia hai b6n dugc td chi da phuang va song phuang An Do va chiic tai Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) vao nam Viet Nam dS ky kit Hiep udc thilt lap "ddi 2005 Tai Hpi nghj nay, vdi vai trd la tac chiln lugc" An Dp cung gia tang quan vi6n chinh thirc, Thu tudng An Dd M he vdi Lao, Campuchia, hai ben da ky Singh da khing djnh: "Muc tieu idu dai Id nhiing hiep djnh ve van hda va chinh tri tgo mot cong dong cac niccrc gidu co, hdi Trong nhiing nam gin day, quan hS An D$ hoa nhdm doi v&i nhimg thdch thuc - ASEAN cang thl Men la cac ddi tac chung Co thi noi, quan he An Bo - ASEAN quan trpng cua Tai Hdi nghj Thugng An Dp lin thii tai da dugc ndng ten tdm cao m&i, hu&ng t&i dinh ASEAN mQt CQng dong kinh ti, chinh tri, van hoa Vientiane (11/2004), cac nha lanh dao rQng l&n "' Nhimg nd I\tc chinh sach ASEAN va Thu tudng An Dp da k! ban kl ddi ngoai "Hudng Ddng"ciia An Dp da cai hpach "Ddi tac vi hda binh, tiln bg, thjnh thien dang ke va day manh quan hd chinh vugng chung", nhim dua mdi quan he hai trj ngoai giao giQa An Dd va khdi ben len tam cao mdi, nhieu Hdi nghj khac ASEAN Trong cac chuyen tham ciia cac cua ASEAN ciing cd su tham gia ciia An quan chiic cap cao den cac nudc Ddng D$ Hpi nghj Thugng dinh ASEAN - An Nam A, An Dp ludn khing djnh su ung hp D0 lin thli 4, dugc td chiic tai Kuala ddi vdi nhiing muc tieu hda binh, dn djnh Lumpur, Malaysia (nam 2005) Thii tudng va phat trien ciia ASEAN, ddng thdi tuyen M Singh nhan manh; "Quan he giUa An truyen cho chinh sach coi trgng Ddng Nam Do - ASEAN da dugc ndng len tdm cao A va cdng cugc cai each cdng ciia An m&i, hu&ng t&i mgt cong dong kinh te, Do An Do ludn coi Ddng Nam A ciing nhu chinh tri vdn hoa rgng ton" Dac biet chau A - Thai Binh Duong la mdt trong nam 2010, Tdng thdng An Dp da lan nhiing trung tSm chinh sach ngo^i giao, la lugt tham chinh thiic Lao va Campuchia, di thj trudng rdng ldn, la ngudn cung cap cimg doan cdn cd 45 cac chuyen gia ho^t cdng nghe het sire quan trpng de phuc vu ddng ITnh vuc thuong mai nhim thiic cho cdng cuoc cai each kinh te d An Dp va day ban niia hgp tac kinh tl hai ben nhin manh mudn tang cudng quan he chat Mdi quan he ehinh trj ngoai giao giOa An Dd - ASEAN cdn dugc nang Ien cpng che vdi cac nudc Ddng Nam A ddng Ddng A An Dd da xac djnh ro, Thang 12/2004, Thu tudng M Singh da ASEAN la mjt xich trung tSm, la khau dot tdi tham Malaysia Nguyen thii cua cac pha nhim tang cudng hpp tac kinh tl, chinh nudc vien ASEAN ciing da nhilu lin tri vdi khu vuc chau A - Thai Binh din tham An Dp Quan he song phuang cac Duong, ke ca Ddng A (trong khudn khd nudc vien ASEAN vdi An Do ciing hgp tac Ddng A gdm ca chi chinh dugc thiic diy manh me, tao nen nhilu co ' Thdng tan x5 Vift Nam (2003), TU lifu Iham khao ' Thong tSn xa Viet Nam (2003), Tai lifu tham khao dac bifl, ngiy 2/5/2003 dfc bift, ngiy 2/5/2003, tr.5 Nguyen Tuin Binh Quan he An Do - ASEAN Irong hai thdp nien ASEAN +1, ASEAN -h 3, va Hgi nghj cap cao Dong A (EAS)^ Trong tiln trinh nay, voi viec gianh im the lanh dao co che hop tac day tiem nang giiia Trung Quoc va Nhat Ban, An Dp dugc coi la hat nhan co ket cac b6n tham gia Vdi nhan thtic An Dp thuc hien cac quyet djnh nham chinh thuc gop mat vao Hgi nghi Thugng dinh Dong A Ve kinh ti, chinh sach "Huong Dong" dupc An Dp dua dau nhiing nam 1990 voi muc dich tang cuong quan he toan dien voi cac nuoc ASEAN, dac biet coi trpng ITnh vuc kinh t l Nhung qua hpp tac kinh te ma An Dp va ASEAN dat dugc la chinh sach kinh t£ tao co che doi thoai hai ben dugc thiet lap tii rat sdm Tir nam 2002, An Do thirc thi giai doan ciia chinh sach huong Dong, mdf rpng hon nua pham vi quan he giiia An Do va ASEAN thi hai ben cang cd them co hpi trao ddi thuong mai thdng qua Hgi nghi thugng dinh kinh doanh ASEAN - An Do cua An Dp sang cac nuofc ASEAN tir 2,475 ti USD nam tai khda 1997-1998 da len 3,457 ti USD nam tai khda 20002001 va dac biet len cao vao nam 20022003, dat miic 4,616 ti USD^ So voi nuoc vien mdi thi s6 lugng xuit khiu An Dp sang nuoc vien ciJ ciia ASEAN ldn hon nhieu Singapore van la ban hang ldn nhat cua An Dp o Dong Nam A, vdi gia xuat khau ciia An Dp nam 20022003 la hon 1,4 ti USD, chi6m khoang 30,8% gia trj xuat khSu ciia An Dp vdi ASEAN, tiSp sau la Indonesia, Malaysia va Thai Lan Ngoai Viet Nam cung din trd doi tac quan trpng ciia An Dp, vdi gia trj xuat khau cua An Do sang Viet Nam tang tir 126,76 trieu USD (1997-1998) len din 337,15 trieu USD (2002-2003), chilm 7,2% gid tri xuit khau ciia An Dp Cac san pham xuat khau chii yeu cua An Dp sang ASEAN la da quy va trang siic, san phim dien tir, diu Sn, thudc va dugc phim, may mdc cdng cu, sgi cotton, vai my phim, nhdm, cac hda chit, quy trinh san xuit kim loai Vi quan he thucmg mgi, cac co che giira hai ben cang hoan thien gdp phin dSc An Dp ludn g miic nhap sieu tir cac luc cho quan he doi tac kinh ti song phuong giua An Dp va ASEAN cang nudc ASEAN va gia trj nhap khiu dugc cai thien va gia tang Gia tri thucmg mgt tang len Nlu nam tai khda 1997-1998 mai An Dp - ASEAN tir 1997-1998 d6n la 3,608 ti USD thi tir nam 2002-2003 dac 2002-2003 da tang len tir 6,1 ti USD len biet len cao, dat hon 5,147 ti USD Cac d6n 9,6 ti USD Xuit khiu An Do sang nuoc ma An Do nhap sieu chu ylu la ASEAN tang rat manh thdi gian tii Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia Trong nam 1999-2000 din 2002-2003, vdi ti le trung 2003, xuat khau ciia cac nudfc Malaysia, binh 26,6%/nam Tdng gia tri xuat khiu ' VB XuSn Vinh (2007), "An Do v6i hop tdc Dong A", Tgp chi Nghien ciru Dong Bdc A, (s6 5), tr.37 •* Ho^ng Thi Minh Hoa (2012), "Chinh sdch d6i ngo^i cua An Do voi Dong Nam A grai doan I99I - 2010 vh tdc d6ng cua n6", Tgp chi Nhiing vdn di Kinh ti vd chinh tri ihi gi&i, (s6 1), tr.55 Nghien ciiu An Do va Chau A Sd - 2015 Singapore, Indonesia sang An Do vdi ti le thli tu la 28,5%; 27,9%; 26,8% Cac san phim xuit khiu chii ylu cua ASEAN sang An Dp, bao gdm: cac san phim dien tii, diu thuc vat, hda chat huu co, cac loai may mdc khong sii dung dien hi, gd, cac loai san pham tir gd, sgi vai, dd trang di6m, than da, than c6c, than cuoi, nhua tdng hgp, quang kim loai Cd thl ndi ASEAN la nha cung cap gd va cac san pham tir gd chu yeu cho An Dp Dang chii y la cac nuoc Malaysia, Myanmar va Indonesia la nhQng nudc xuit sieu nhilu nhit khu vuc, voi ti le thli tu la 27,1%; 20,8% va 12,7% tdng gia tri nhap khau go va cac san pham gd tren toan ciu cua An Dp (2002-2003)^ Mpt tuu to ldn khac no lire ngoai giao ciia An Dp va ca cac nuoc ASEAN la viec lap Khu vuc mau dich tu (FTA) giiia An Dp va ASEAN Day la eg so het siic thuan lgi gia tang quan he kinh te song phuong va da phucmg giiia An Do ASEAN, giiia An Do vdi hai hay nhieu nudc ASEAN Thang 10/2003, sau Hpi nghj Thugng dinh kinh tl hpp d New Delhi, An Dp va ASEAN da de nhilu chinh sach moi, thuong mai An Do - ASEAN tang len nhanh chdng va lien tuc, nam 2007 la 30 ti USD, nam 2008 la 45 ti USD^ An Dp vdi Thai Lan quylt dinh ky "Hiep dinh khung ve lap Khu vuc mau dich tir do" giua hai ben Theo Khu vuc mau dich tu An Dp - Thai Lan se dugc hoan tit mot phan (2006), hoan tit toan dien (2010) Ndi tilp Thai Lan la Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia An Do da ky ket cac "Hiep dinh hgp tac kinh tl toan dien" vdi Singapore (6/2005), vdi Malaysia (11/2005) dl lam co so tien toi mgt FTA Rieng ddi vdi Indonesia, hai nudc da quyet dinh lap mpt nhdm nghien cuu chung de nhanh chdng hien thuc hda mpt ban Hiep dinh hpp tac kinh tl toan dien Chinh sir tang cuong manh me cac mdi quan he kinh te vdi ASEAN, chinh sach Hudng Ddng giai doan thli hai ciia An Do da dugc thiet lap vdi ASEAN Nd dugc danh dau bing mdi lien he thuong mai va dau tu, bang nhiing thda thuan nhim di tdi nhiing Hiep dinh thuong mai tu va viec thiet lap cac moi Uen he kinh te mang tinh dinh che giiia cac nuoc khu vuc va An Do' Ve hap tdc ddu tu, chinh sach doi ngOEii coi trgng ASEAN ciia An Dp da mang lai cho ca hai phia nhiing lpi ich dang kl Cac nen kinh tl manh ASEAN diu la cac nha diu tu lon vao An Do Vdi viec diu tu 60,7 ti rupee (chu yeu vao nganh ga hda Idng, nang lugng dien va xay dung duong cao tdc) nhung nam 1991-2003, Malaysia tro nha diu tu ldn thii 10 ciia An Do Sing^ore vdi khoan diu tu vao An Do 53,3 ti rupee (1991 - 2003) da tro ' Ho^ng Thj Minh Hoa (2012), "Chinh sach d6i ngoai nuoc dau tu thii 12 vao An Do Day cua An Dp vdi Dong Nam A giai doan 1991 - 2010 vd la mpt cong rit lon cua An Do vi so tdc dpng ciia no" Tap chf Nhiing vdn di Kinh ti vd chinh iri ihi gi&i {s6 1), Cr,55 ' Thdng ldn xS Viel Nam (2006), ASEAN sir troi ' Thong tan xS Viet Nam (2004), An D6 cdng dly cua An Dp va Tmng Quoc, Tdi lieu iham khda gin ket voi ASEAN, Tdi lieu tham khdo dgc biet, dgc biit, ngdy 23/3/2006 10/3/2004, tr.21 Nguyin Tuin Binh Quan hfAnBg- ASEAN hai thdp nien vdi dSu thap ky 90 - tuc la tnidc thuc hien dieu chinh chinh sach ddi ngoai mdi, cd rat it, tham chi khdng thiy bdng dang cua cac nha dau tu ASEAN d An Dd^ Ddi vdi dSu tu UTTC tiep nudc ngoai (FDI), ddng vdn tu An Do den cac nudc vien ASEAN dat 59,1 ti USD (2008), chiSm 1,2% tdng so FDI khu virc Den nam 2009 sd da tang len 97 ti USD, chiem 2,5% tdng sd FDI khu vuc Tich luy vdn FDI tir An Dp cua khdi ASEAN tir 2000 - 2009 dat khoang 3,67 ti USD tren bien va cd nhihig mdi an ninh chung da khiSn su ph4t trien quan he hgp tac an ninh giiia An Do vk ASEAN trd tat yeu Tir sau Chien tranh Lanh trd di, dudi tac dpng cua chinh sach Huong Ddng, quan h? hgp tac tren ITnh vuc an ninh qudc phdng giiia An Dp vdi ASEAN dien het siic sdi ndi, tren nhieu mat nhu hgp tac chong khiing bd, an ninh bien gidi, hgp tac quoc phdng Cac mdi quan h^ hai ben theo chieu hudng cang tich cue va dugc that chjt hon An Dp, ASEAN da cd nhOng nd luc ldn viec tri sir dn dinh an ninh khu vuc Nham gia tang nhiing cam ket chinh sach Hudng Ddng giai doan 2, Help tdc chong khung ho vd an ninh 2/3/2011, tai New Delhi, An Do da td chiic bien gi&i deu dugc ca An Dp va ASEAN Hdi chg thuong m^i An Do - ASEAN lin thdng nhit nhanh chdng vh mat nhan thu nhat Tai hoi chg, Bd trudng Bo thiic, dac bi$t tit sau sir ki$n nudc My bi Thuong mai, Cdng nghiep va DSt An Do tin cdng (2001) cing nhiing bit dn chinh Anand Sharma cho biet: chinh sdch mdi tri tai An Dp, d Nam A va mpt so nudc cila Chinh phu An Dp se tap tnmg thu hut nhu d Philippines, Malaysia, Thai Lan vdn dau tu va cdng nghe tij khu vuc Hgp tac diu tranh chdng khung bo trd ASEAN, bing each thuc day manh me hon nhiem vu va la dd tai thao luSn nOa quan he ddi tac giua An Do - ASEAN hang dau cac cugc hpp, cac chuang An Dp nhin manh vdng nam tdi trinh nghi su ciia ASEAN, dac biet Id tai An Dp se cin tdi 1.000 ti USD di hien dai cac ki hpp thudng nien ARF Trong H^i hda va ntng cip ca sd ting nhu cang nghi ARF lan thii 10 (thang 6/2003) dugc biSn, dudng bd, dudng sit, dudng thuy td chiic tai Phnom Penh (Campuchia), nham dat tieu chuan quoc tS, va cac nudc lanh dao cac nudc da tuySn bo chung ASEAN dugc ky vpng se rdt mdt lugng nhat tri quan didm phai dat viec tin cdng vdn ldn vao thi trudng chii nghia khung bd va tgi pham qudc gia len vi tri uu tien hang dau ciia ARF Cac Ve an ninh - quoc phong, vdi vi tri dia Bd trudng cho ring, chii nghia khiing bt> Iy, y nghia chien lugc ciia vimg An Dp qudc te dang tidp tuc de dga nhan dSn va Duong, viec cung chia se mdt sd lgi ich ' G.V.C Naidu (2004), Whilhfr Ihe Look East policy India and SoulheasI Asia, Strategic Analysis, Vol 28, N.2, tr.338-339 Nghien cuu An Do v^ Chau A So - 2015 an ninh cac nuoc trfin thl gidfi, cd khu virc Thai Binh Duong^ Khi trien khai chinh sach an ninh vdi ASEAN, An Do rit coi trpng ARF (la diln dan chung nhat ve hgp tac an ninh khu vuc chau A - Thai Binh Duong) An Do da the hien vai tro tich cue viec keu ggi chdng chii nghia khiing bd, tiln tdi ki ket nhung tuyen bd, nhung van kien chung voi cac nuoc ASEAN, bao ve an ninh giua cac qudc gia Viec ddng gdp tich cue vao luc lupng ngan ehan chii nghta khung bd la mot dieu tat ylu Mat khac su CO mat ciia An Dp khu vuc se han chi phin nao viec My mugn co chdng khung bd dl can thiep vao cac nudrc ASEAN Trong bdi canh ASEAN nhin nhan An Dp nhu la mgt nhan td de can bang nhung anh hudng a khu vuc Ddng Nam A'** Voi nhiing chinh sach chdng khung bd da dang, ASEAN da nhan dugc su iing hd ve tai chinh, phuong tien kT thuat, hd trg nghiep vu, dao tao chuyen gia chong khung bd tu cgng ddng qudc te cd vai tro tich cue ciia An Dp Hgp tdc an ninh quoc phong dugc coi la hoat ddng soi dpng nhat moi quan he an ninh giua An Do va ASEAN Chinh sach "Hudng Ddng" ddi la kit qua ciia su dilu chinh chinh sach ddi ngoai ciia An Do nhim thich nghi vdi nhiing biln dgng ' Le ST Hung (2009), "Hop tdc ch6ng khung hd ASEAN", Tap chi Nghien ct/u Dong Nam A, (s6 11), tr.46 '" G.V.C Naidu (2004), Whither the Look East policy: India and Southeast Asia, Strategic Analysis, Voi 28, N.2, tr.338-339 ciia tinh hinh quoc tl, khu vuc va nuoc Chinh sach dd thl hien khat khao xay dung mpt nen kinh te, quoc phong vung manh, nang cao vi the qudc te ciia An Dp Chinh vi vay An Do da hpp tac chat che ve qudc phdng vdi ASEAN An Dp rat quan tam den chinh sach an ninh qudc phong vdi ASEAN, cung cap nhiing trang thiet bi quan su quan trpng, dao tao chuyen gia quan sir cho mdt sd nudc Dong Nam A Ngay tu nam 1991, An Dp da tri cac cugc tap tran hai quan chung vdi hau het cac quoc gia d Ddng Nam A Ben canh dd An Dp td chiic, giiip d5, h u ^ luyen cac nhan vien quan sir cho Malaysia va Singapore An Dp cung vdi Malaysia tien hanh tap tran chung tren bien Ddng (1992), vdi Thai Lan (1993), tap tran hai qu§n giua An Do va Singapore (1993) Ngoai ra, An Do cdn day manh quan he qudc phdng vdi cac quoc gia khac khu vuc Bd trudng Bd quoc phdng An Do, Najib Tum Abdul Radak, da cd chuyen tham Malaysia (1992) Hai nuoc da ki "Bien ban ghi nhd vl hgp tac quoc ph6ng"(1993) Malaysia bay td mong mudn An Dp dao tao cho hg nhung sT quan chi huy hai qu^ Ngoai ra, An Dp va Indonesia cd du dinh hgp tac nganh hang khong vu tru nhim phdi hgp nghien curu vu tru phuc vu an ninh xa hdi'^ Hodng Thj Minh Hoa (2012), "Chinh sdch d6i ngoai ciia An D6 vdi Dong Nam A giai d o ^ 1991 - 2010 va tac dong ciia no", Tap chi NhOng vdn di Kinh ti vd cht'nh tri thigi&i, (s6 1), tr.51 '^ Trdn Thi Ly (2002), S\c diiu chinh chinh sdch ciia C&ng hda An Dg tic }99I - 2000, Nxb Khoa hpc Xa hgi, HdNoi, tr.259 Nguyen Tuan Binh Quan he An Do - ASEAN hai thdp nien Hgp tac quan su ciia An Dp vdi Singapore bat dau tCr nam 1993, Singapore da de nghi An Dp ki Hiep dinh ve dao tao hai quan (dugc hien thuc hda vao nam 1998) va mdt sd linh virc quoc phong khac Quan trpng hon, hai ben da cd nhGng cupe tilp tran chung chdng tau ngam ttr nam 1996 Moi quan he qudc phdng giiia hai nudc cdn dugc day len cao hon cudc vieng tham dau tien cua Bd trudng Bg qudc phong Singapore Teo Chee Hean den An Dp (10-2003)'^ Nhung nam gin day, Thai Lan ciing cd nhung dpng thai td chiic nhiing cupe tap tran chung vdi hai quan An Dp Thai Lan da mua tau san bay cua An Dp va dS nghi An Dp dao tao sT quan cho nudc B6n canh dd, nhQng cudc tap tran giua Indonesia va An Dp dugc di6n thucmg xuyen Sau chuyin tham Indonesia ciia Thu tudng An Do A.B Vajpayee (U/2001), quan he qudc phong hai nuoc dugc nang cao hon mgt budfc vdi viec ki "Hiep dinh hgp tac tren Itnh vuc qudc phong" An Do da cd nhung chuyen biln tich cue quan he vdi Myanmar, nhit la vl hgp tac an ninh qudc phong Trong chuyin tham Myanmar ciia cuu Tu lenh An Dp Joshi (5/1994), hai ben da trao ddi vl vin dl phdi hgp hanh dgng chdng lai c^c nhdm phien loan d nhung khu vuc dpc bien gioi hai nuoc Dac biet, nam 1995, An Dp cdn td chiic Hgi nghi thudng nien cac Iuc lugng hai quan khu vuc vinh Bengal, gdm " Th6ng t ^ xd Vi?t Nam (2007), VS cu^c tap tr§n chung An Dg - ASEAN, Tdi liiu tham khdo ddc biit ngdy 9/8/2007, tr.339 hai quan cac nudc: An Dp, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore va Thai Lan Su kien mang din cho cac nuoc ndi tren co hdi hgp tAc nghien ciiu, triln khai ciiu hd, bao ve mdi truong biln va cac dac khu kinh tl Thang 3/1997, Tdng tu lenh quan dgi An Do, S Roychondhury da vieng tham Myanmar nhim day manh hgp tac qudc phdng gitra hai bSn Tu dau thap ky XXI, quan he vdi Ddng Nam A, An Do mong mudn dat dugc nhieu lgi ich md rpng hoEit dgng ciia hai quan An Dp a khu vuc Cac hoat ddng Cliu hp ciia An Dp sau sdng than nam 2004 dem l£ii su nguong mg ciia cac nudc Ddng Nam A cho hai quan An Dp Trong nhiing nam gin day, hgp tac quoc phong giOa Viet Nam vk An Do d3 cd nhiing bilu hien mdi Dd la chuyin tham Viet Nam ciia Bg tnidng Bd qudc phong A.K Antony (2007) An Do ' se chuyen giao 5000 phu tiing tau chiln ldp Petya cho Viet Nam va giiip Viet Nam dao tao cac binh linh gin giii hda binh Lign Hgp Qudc (2008) Tinh din nam 2009, da cd 49 sT quan quan dpi Viet Nam tham du cac khda hpc cua hai quan An Dp va 64 can bd, chiln SI tham du cac khda hgc tiing Anh Hai ben da dat dugc nhimg thda thuan vl hgp tac an ninh qudc phdng, dac biet dao tao va chia se thdng tin vl khiing bd, cudp bign va tgi pham xuygn qudc gia Thang 4/2009, tau chien An Dp cip cang Viet Nam vdi hai khu true h^m INS Mumbai va INS Ranveer vao cang Hai Phdng An Dp cung giiip Viet Nam mgt each tich cue huan luyen hai quan Nghien ciiu An Do va Chau A Sd 6-2015 Trong dd, mdt cudc dien tap hai quan khdng lo khac mang tSn "Rin hd mang vang" (Gold Cobra) da bit diu tai Thai Lan, day la cudc diln t|p dugc Mi ca nggi la giiip "dn djnh an ninh va hda binh tai chau A" Su kien ndi bat nhit nam 2010 ia cugc dien t^p Milan keo dai ngay, bit dau tir 4/2/2010 Day la mdt nhOng cudc diln tap hii quan cd quy md ldn nhit tai An Do, vdi sir gdp m^t ciia cac qudc gia Ddng Nam A Noi dung chii yeu la nhiing bai tap chdng khung bo tai c4c khu vuc duyen hai va hai dao Cac cuoc dien tap Milan dugc coi la nd lire tang cudng hgp tac hai quan ciia cac nudc chau A - Thai Binh Duong nhSm tri an ninh cac vung bi6n gidi tai khu vuc Nhu v|y cd thl thiy sau Chien tranh Lanh, cung nhu cac nudc khac, An Do da didu chinh chinh sach doi ngoji cua minh chinh sach Hudng Ddng va budc diu thu dugc nhilu tiru to ldn Chinh sach ddi ngoai mdi ciia An Do sau Chien tranh Lanh da chii din Ddng Nam A vdi nhilu lgi ich gin kit giua An Do va khu vuc Mac dii giai doan hai cua chinh sdch An Dg da md rpng nhilu khu v\rc khac, nhit la Ddng A, chau A Thai Binh Duong ciing nhu md rong ph?m vi hgp tac da phuong va toan dien hon nhung ASEAN vln dugc coi la trgng diem dugc An Dp chii trgng Tac ddng cua chinh sach Hudng Ddng An Dd ddi vdi Ddng Nam A trSn nhilu Unh vuc chinh tri ngoai giao, kinh tl, thugng m?i, an ninh qudc phdng la nhiing co sd quan trgng cho An Do nSng cao tilm lire vl kinh te, chinh tri dac biet la nang cao vi thl nudc ldn cua minh d khu vuc chau A - Thai Binh Duomg ciing nhu tren trugng qudc te Mft sd nhan xet Chinh sach "Hudng Ddng" ciia An Do ddi vdi ASEAN tir sau Chiln tranh Lanh vdi ndi dung chu ylu la lay khu vuc Ddng Nam A lam trgng dilm da tao dilu kien thuc day quan he An Do - ASEAN tren cac lilih vuc chu ylu: chinh tri - ngoai giao, kinh te, an ninh - qudc phdng Dilu da gdp phan tao nhung gia tri mdi, thiet lap nen nen tang bin vitag cho su hgp tac tuong lai, tac ddng sau sic khdng chi ddi vdi An Do ma cdn ca cac nudc ASEAN Cd the thay nhttag tac ddng chu yeu sau dSy: Quan he An Do - ASEAN dugc cdi thien vd gia tdng, gat hdi nhieu thdnh tuu ve mgi mat, co y nghia tich cue khong chi doi v&i siiT phdt trien ciia cd hai phia md cdn gia tdng moi quan he An Bg - ASEAN len mgt giai doan mgi Vdi muc tieu tang cudng quan he vdi ASEAN, nhat la quan he kinh td, ddng thdi xua tan mdi nghi ngai ciia khu virc Ddng A ve mdt An Do cd chinh sach di ngugc lai vdi quan dilm cua cac nudc ASEAN thdi ky Chien tranh Lanh, Bd trudng ngoai giao An Dd Gujral khang dinh: "Chung toi coi ddi tdc, ddi thogi day du v&i ASEAN la minh chieng cho van menh ciia chinh sdch Hu&ng Bong" Bang cac cudc tham viing lan cua cac nha lanh dao cip cao hai bdn ma An Dp va ASEAN da gia tang su hieu bilt sSu sic hon vl Vdi su tang cudng quan he tren Hnh vuc chinh tri Nguyin Tuin Binh Quan he An Do.-ASEAN hai thgp nien ngoai giao An Dp da cang tham nhap m£mh me hon vao Ddng Nam A va chau A - Thai Binh Duong Tu doi tac khdng diy dli An Dp da trd ddi tac hgp tac day du cua ASEAN (1995), va viec ky kit nhilu hiep uoc ngoai giao da phuong va song phuong voi ASEAN ciing da nang cao vi thl ciia An Dp tren trudng khu vuc va qudc tl Qua do, An DO cd co hpi viec thiic diy hgp tac vgi nhilu ddi tac khac ciia ASEAN nhu My, Nhat Ban, Trung Qudc tao dilu kien cho An Dg din din can bing luc lugng vdi cac nudc ldn Vdi ASEAN, hgp tac chinh tri - ngoai giao vdi An Dp da lam cho ASEAN cang tin cay hon vdi ddi tac quan trpng Nho" nhan td An Dp ma ASEAN cd the giam bdt ip luc va sir phu thudc tir cac nudc ldn khac, han chg phin nao sir gia tang anh hudng cua cac nudc, nhat la Trung Qudc Beri canh dd, vdi viec gia tang quan he vdi An Do, cac nucrc ASEAN cung da cung cd su lien ket chat che vdi hon cdng ddng Quan he An Do - ASEAN tren ITnh virc kinh te ciing cd nhiing chuyen biln tich cue va phat trien nhanh chdng Hai ben da cd su am higu hon cac thg manh kinh tl ciia nhau, tir dd cd nhiing phucmg each hgp tac hieu qua Ca An Dp va ASEAN dgu dua nhiing s^g kien tich cue de thiic diy quan he kinh tl An Dp - ASEAN tiln xa hon nhu FTA, BIMSTEC, du an sdng Hing - Mekong Vi the, siic manh kinh tl cua An Dp va ASEAN dugc phat huy va cang cd dilu kien canh tranh vdi cdc nen kinh tg khac Su phdt triin nhanh chong quan he chinh tri, kinh ti giua An Do vd ASEAN ke tit thuc thi chinh sdch "Hu&ng Dong" (1992) din thgp nien ddu thi ky XXI khong chi tdng cudng vd ma rong quan he hop tdc quoc te giihi hai ben, md thuc ddy hgp tdc khu vuc, co nhimg dnh hudng quan doi vai dia - chinh tri, dia kinh ti cua chdu A - Thdi Binh Ducmg Quan he An Do - ASEAN da tao nhung dilu kien cho mdt moi truong hda binh, on dinh, thiic day hgp tac khu vuc, gdp phan vao viec thyc hien nhiing muc tigu chung cua nhan loai An Do dugc coi la mgt nudc ldn df khu vuc, giii vj tri chii dgo Nam A, thdng qua viec thiet lap quan he chinh tri mat thilt vdi ASEAN, An Dp vua n&ig cao dja vi qudc te ciia minh, mcr rpng anh hudng d khu vyc chdu A - Thai Binh Duong Su phat trien ciia xu the tang cuong hgp tdc kinh tl An Do - ASEAN da thiic diy cac nudc Nam A cap thiet phai day manh hgp tac khu vuc, ddng thoi gia tang hgp tdc kinh tg giiia khu virc Nam A va Ddng Nam A Ddi vdi ASEAN, gia tang quan h? vol An Dd viia tao co hdi hgp tac vdi cac nudc Nam A, vira tang cudng vi thl ciia cdng ddng trgn ban dd chinh tri quoc tl Viec An Dp liy chinh sach "Hudng Ddng" thit ch^t quan he vdi ASEAN, xac dinh khu vuc la trgng tam chinh sach ddi ngoai sau Chien tranh Lanh cd lgi cho viec diy nhanh tien trinh lien kit kinh te khu virc chau A Tren co sd tiln hanh dieu chinh kinh te vdi ASEAN, thdng 11/2004, Thii tudng An Dp, Manmohan Singh da dua y tudng thiet lap "Cdng Nghign Cliu An Dp va Chau A Sd - 2015 ddng kinh tg chau A" nham mdf rdng va lam sau sac hon pham vi, ndi dung hgp tdc Ddng A va nhan dugc su hudng iing cua cdc nuoc CO lign quan Thang 12/2005, Hdi nghi thugng dinh Dong A lan dau tign dugc td chiic Of Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) xdc dinh liy ASEAN lam trung tam, tilp nhan An Dp, Australia va New Zealand tham gia hgp tdc Ddng A trgn co sdf co chi 10+3 kinh tl giiia khu vuc Nam A va Ddng Nam A vugt qua ca gidi han dia lich sii, dia chinh tri Nhu vdy, cd thg thay quan he An Dp ASEAN thoi gian ndi tren da dgt dugc nhigu tuu, dac biet Id An Dp da thuc hien dugc muc tigu but phd khdi nhung han chg vg dia chinh tri, nhiing khd khan ve kiiih tg dg vuon tdi muc tieu hdi Nhimg thdnh tim md An Do vd ASEAN nhap sdu vao khu vuc va toan cdu Mat dgt dugc tdc dgng chu yeu cua chinh khac, quan he An Dp - ASEAN phdn anh sdch An Do sau Chien tranh Lgnh la rdt sir lign ket va hgp tdc da dang vdi muc tieu ddng ki, CO y nghia tich cue khong chi gop la ciing hgi nhap vao nen kinh te ciia phdn quan ndng cao vi thi cua An Do khu vuc vd thg gicfi Trong nhflng nam qua, vd ASEAN tren truang quoc te vd khu vuc, An Dp vd ASEAN da san sdng cung gidi quygt cdc van de cd tim quan trgng md no co y nghTa quoc te sdu sdc cua hai bgn, cua khu vuc va qudc tl tren Viec An Dp ldy chinh sach Hudng cac lihh vuc khac Digu da tao Ddng lam trgng digm chfnh sach ddi khong gian dia ly chign lugc cho cdc nuoc ngoai nham that chat quan he vdi ASEAN, ASEAN, dd cd Viet Nam, xay dung xac dinh khu vuc la trgng tam Cling cd, phat triln cdc moi quan he lich sii, chinh sach ddi ngoai sau Chien tranh Lanh, van hda, chinh trj va kinh te vdi An Dp, cd lgi cho vigc diy nhanh tign trinh lign kgt gdp phan vdo tri hda birth, thinh vupng kinh te khu virc chau A Trgn co sd tien ciia khu vuc va the gidi hanh dieu chinh kinh tg vdi ASEAN, y tudng thiet lap "Cdng ddng kinh te chdu Tai Ii€u tham khao A", kiln nghj vl viec xdy dung FTA Ddng Do Thu Ha (2009), "Quan h? An D6 va A va he thdng tiln te chau A, thilt lap dign ASEAN hon mucri nam gan day", Ky dan nang lugng chau A, tham gia lan sdng ylu - Hoi nghi khoa hgc Quoc te "Quan he An thilt lap FTA Ddng A va ASEAN, An Dp Do va cdc nudc ASEAN\ Ho Chi va cdc nudfc Idn Dong A thiet lap co che Minh thuong mai tu se cd nhiing anh hudng G.V.C Naidu (2004), Whither the Look sau xa tdi tinh hinh kinh tl va chiln lugc East policy: India and Southeast Asia, thl gidi Sir phat trien ciia xu thl tang Strategic Analysis, Vol 28, No.2 cudng hgp tdc kinh te giiia An Do va Hoang Thi Minh Hoa (2012); "Chfnh ASEAN da thiic diy cac nudc Nam A gia sach doi ngoai cua An Dp vdi Dong Nam A tang tinh cap thigt viec day manh hgp giai doan 1991 - 2010 va tac ddng ciia nd", Tgp tac khu vuc, dong thoi da thiic diy hgp tac Nguyin Tuin Binh Quan he An Bg - ASEAN hai thdp nien chi Nhihig vdn di Kinh ti vd chinh tri the gidi, (B6 1) Le Sr Hung (2009), "Hgp tac ching khung bo ASEAN", Tgp chi Nghien ciru DongNam A, (sd 11) Thong tin xa Viet Nam (2006), ASEAN sir trdi day cua An Do va Trung Qudc, Tdi lieu tham khdo dgc biet, 23/3/2006 Thong tin xa Viet Nam (2003), Tdi lieu tham khdo dgc biet, 2/5/2003 Thdng tin xa Viet Nam (2007), Ve cugc tap tran chung An Dd - ASEAN, Tai lieu tham khdo ddc biit, 9/8/2007 Thong tan xa Viet Nam (2004), An Do cang gin ket vdi ASEAN, Tdi lieu tham khdo dgc biit, 10/3/2004 10 Trin Thj Ly (2002), Sir diiu chinh chinh sdch cua Cgng hoa An Dg tir 1991 2000, Nxb Khoa hgc Xa hdi, M Noi Thdng tan xa Viet Nam (2005), Tdi lieu tham khdo dgc biet, 8/3/2005 11 v a Xuan Vinh (2007), "An Do vdi hgp tac Ddng A", Tgp chi Nghien cuu Dong Bdc A, (so 5)  ... nam 2002, quan he An Do - ASEAN cd budc dot pha quan trpng, vdi cac moi quan he rgng md hon Thang 12/2002, Hdi nghi Thugng dinh ASEAN - An Dp lin diu tien da dugc td chiic tai Campuchia, hai ben... Viet Nam vdi hai khu true h^m INS Mumbai va INS Ranveer vao cang Hai Phdng An Dp cung giiip Viet Nam mgt each tich cue huan luyen hai quan Nghien ciiu An Do va Chau A Sd 6 -2015 Trong dd, mdt... Ha (2009), "Quan h? An D6 va A va he thdng tiln te chau A, thilt lap dign ASEAN hon mucri nam gan day", Ky dan nang lugng chau A, tham gia lan sdng ylu - Hoi nghi khoa hgc Quoc te "Quan he An