AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER 4 FROM THE BOOK “THE LUCIFER EFFECT” BY PHILIP ZIMBARDO, 2017

DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH NGUYEN THI MINH CHAU AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER FROM THE BOOK “THE LUCIFER EFFECT” BY PHILIP ZIMBARDO, 2017 GRADUATION PAPER IN ENGLISH LINGUISTICS DA NANG, 2022 DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION PAPER AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER FROM THE BOOK “THE LUCIFER EFFECT” BY PHILIP G.ZIMBARDO, 2017 Major: English for Translation - Interpretation SUPERVISOR : TRAN THI MINH GIANG, Ph.D STUDENT : NGUYEN THI MINH CHAU CLASS : K24NAB4 STUDENT CODE: 24203115797 DA NANG, 2021 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To teachers at Duy Tan University! To my supervisor – Dr Tran Thi Minh Giang First and foremost, I want to express my heartfelt appreciation to all of the English faculty members who taught me everything from studies to life during the previous four years Second, I'd want to thank my supervisor, Dr Tran Thi Minh Giang, for her passionate leadership and assistance in answering all of my inquiries I couldn't finish my graduation paper without her assistance Third, I'm grateful to my family and friends for assisting me in overcoming life's challenges and for constantly encouraging and motivating me Furthermore, it is preventable to have some errors in my graduation paper, therefore I am hoping that my instructors and friends would sympathize with me Lastly, I hope all of you are always happy and successful in your life Finally, I wish all of you happiness and success in your lives Sincerely, Nguyen Thi Minh Chau STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP This thesis contains no material published elsewhere or taken in whole or in part from a thesis that qualified for or was given another degree or diploma, save when reference is made in the body of the thesis No other person's work has been used without proper attribution in the thesis This thesis has not been submitted to any other educational institution for the award of a degree or certificate Danang, May 2022 Nguyen Thi Minh Chau ABSTRACT Philip Zimbardo, the renowned social psychologist and founder of the Stanford Prison Experiment, investigates the reasons that lead good people to horrible things, how moral individuals may be persuaded to act immorally, and what this means for the border between good and evil The Lucifer Effect explores how and why we are all prone to the allure of "the dark side." Zimbardo narrates the whole narrative of the Stanford Prison Experiment, the seminal research in which a group of college-student volunteers was randomly separated into "guards" and "inmates" and then placed in a mimic prison setting, for the first time and in detail Zimbardo's work illuminates the psychological causes of such disturbing transformations, allowing us to better understand a wide range of harrowing phenomena, from corporate malfeasance to organized genocide to how oncehonorable American soldiers came to abuse and torture Iraqi detainees at Abu Ghraib He substitutes the long-held notion of the "bad apple" with the "bad barrel"—the idea that the social environment and system infect the individual rather than the other way around He claims that we are capable of rejecting evil and that we can even educate ourselves to act courageously The Lucifer Effect, like Hannah Arendt's Eichmann in Jerusalem and Steven Pinker's The Blank Slate, is a frightening, enthralling study that will revolutionize the way we understand human conduct I construct the recommended translation based on the theoretical foundation and the original version Furthermore, I learn about the study of several complex vocabulary, such as words with multiple meanings, difficult meanings, slang, and untranslatable words, idioms and phrases, and advanced structures in the translation process, all of which are included in the graduation thesis Furthermore, at the end of my graduation thesis, I identify several barriers and recommend some solutions for students to enhance their translation skills ABBREVIATIONS TL : Target Language SL : Source Language TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale What makes good people capable of committing bad – even evil – acts? Few psychologists are better qualified to answer that question than Philip Zimbardo, a psychology professor who was not only the author of the classic Stanford Prison Experiment, in which two groups of students played the roles of prisoners and guards in a makeshift jail, to dramatic effect but also an active participant in the trial of a US serviceman who participated in the violent abuse of Iraqi prisoners in the aftermath of the second Gulf War The Lucifer Effect, written by Philip Zimbardo, is a detailed examination of how decent people may perform terrible deeds Zimbardo utilized his problemsolving abilities to discover the answer to this issue, which is knowledge of two circumstances To begin, he adds situational elements (circumstances and setting) and he must take precedence over dispositional ones, implying that nice and wellmeaning individuals might behave abnormally when placed in unexpected or stressful situations Second, good and evil are interchangeable; they are not opposites Depending on the circumstances, most people may be both angels and demons In establishing this conclusion, Zimbardo drew on the work of Stanley Milgram, whose own psychological tests had demonstrated the influence that authoritative people may have on influencing the conduct of others The Lucifer effect illustrates how a scenario may transform otherwise 'good' individuals into perpetrators of immoral or 'evil' actions The name is derived from the legendary account of Lucifer, a noble angel who became bad and was exiled as a result of his acts What causes decent individuals to conduct harmful – even wicked – acts? This is the same question I've been looking for for a long time, and, luckily, I came into the book "the lucifer effect," which lets me know some of the answers based on genuine research I'm hoping that at the end of this graduation thesis, you'll have a better understanding of this question This is more than a book; it is a study of the human mind and condition So that I might get adequate awareness and use it to reedit my conduct, attitudes, and manners 1.2 Aims and Objectives 1.2.1Aims This paper is carried out to: - To show my ability in translating a document - To have skills to analyze difficult points or something easy to make misunderstand - To get more social knowledge 1.2.2 Objectives This paper is carried out to: - To translate text smoothly and naturally - To analyze complicated words, phrases, structures, contexts, etc - To help people understand more about “What makes good people capable of committing bad – even evil – acts?” 1.3 Scope of the Study There are a lot of sectors of the book to study, such as the mentality of prisoners and correctional staff, the institution of prisons, etc However, within the scope of the paper and due to time limited, I only focus on chapter “Monday’s Prisoner Rebellion” The paper will also show and analyze the difficulties I met when translating, including vocabulary ways to use English grammar and syntactic structures as well as word words 1.3.1 Text Features “The Lucifer Effect” is written by Philip Zimbardo - renowned social psychologist and creator of the "Stanford Prison Experiment Besides, the theme of the book is very useful for people who care about psychology I could wonder how to investigate the mechanisms that cause good people to horrible things, how moral individuals can be persuaded to act immorally, and what this implies about the boundary between good from evil This book will address why it is so based on the experience of students in an experiment that cannot be more real 1.3.2 Text Length This book includes 16 chapters with 535 pages but the time is limited so I have translated only chapter four which is approximately 5000 words in length The name of chapter is “Monday’s Prisoner Rebellion” 10 1.3.3 Text Organization “The Lucifer Effect” is a book on Psychology & Counseling It offers to widen and deepen public engagement with psychology for success in this exciting, expanding social factor This book is divided into 16 chapters and the text I choose belongs to chapter of the book It is organized as follows: Chapter four: Monday’s Prisoner Rebellion Rebellion Begins Brewing Welcome to the Rebellion, Day Shift After Lunch, Maybe an Escape A Nice Count to Calm the Restless Masses 1.3.4 Text Source This text comes from the book “The Lucifer Effect” written by Philip G Zimbardo, 2017 This book is available in Bookstore and is easily accessible for reading and reference 1.4 Method of the Study To achieve my goal, I applied the method of enumerating, researching quantitative data, and researching qualitative data to provide difficult vocabulary and structure In particular, I have asked the enthusiastic support from lecturers and friends to get more necessary information in the implementation process of this graduation thesis 59 phrase To translate successfully and accurately, you must also have a working knowledge of the target language To convey better meaning to the text, I must rely on the context while interpreting it Translators face several problems during the translating process They are quite simple to make mistakes if they not have a clear understanding of structure as well as a specific one, and I am no exception I had a lot of trouble translating this material as well However, I did my best to figure out a solution and provide the best-recommended version 60 CHAPTER CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 6.1 Conclusion While working on my graduation paper, I discovered that I had a number of drawbacks I was given a lot of knowledge and skills to become a competent translator throughout my four years at university However, I found via my graduation paper that what I had learned was only a small part of a larger body of knowledge This paper aided me in improving my analysis and expression skills Furthermore, I gained a great deal of experience during the analysis process I discovered that I had a short vocabulary in both SL and TL during the translation process I didn't know the meanings of a lot of terms, which made it tough to translate Furthermore, the absence of the Vietnamese lexicon led to poorly conveying an idea in Vietnamese, as well as having no expression even though I understood the author's one As a result, expanding the vocabulary is both vital and required In addition, when translating a specialized topic, specific understanding of that field plays a significant role in obtaining an accurate translation As a result, the translator must study a wide range of topics to prepare the background in order to fully understand the author's point of view Having specific knowledge will make it easier for translators to translate precisely Despite the fact that the text I translated was about psychological and social, I had no prior experience in this subject So, I encountered several challenges I was also able to correctly translate some specific terms after a long period of searching and studying material about this topic; nonetheless, this was a useful experience for me My grammar was also demonstrated in this graduation paper There were a number of sentences I incorrectly analyzed because of the lack of grammar and syntax knowledge Through this paper, I had the opportunity to identify the shortcomings as well as improve my understanding I learned a lot of useful things in translating and analyzing this graduation paper, and my ability to translate has improved Now, I know how to address the issues in the original text in order to produce a decent suggested version I frequently find myself unable to transfer terms or phrases that are not defined in 61 dictionary However, I have recently learned how to infer these meanings from context This is so fantastic In addition, I also learned how to express an idea using an equivalent in TL Challenging structures are another issue to which I must pay greater attention Nonetheless, now I may quickly analyze them in order to obtain the greatest results I am aware that I have many shortcomings in translation As a result, in order to become a skilled translator, I must always strive to learn and enhance my knowledge and skills Furthermore, I need to have more practice in order to improve my abilities 6.2 Suggestions 6.2.1 Suggestions for Learning Students must improve their knowledge in all subjects because they will encounter many documents in various fields in the future Furthermore, knowing the structure, syntax, semantics, and other aspects of the language will make it easier for students to grasp the author's idea, reducing confusion and errors during the translation process Students must develop their English skills while also focusing on their mother tongue in order to become good translators In many circumstances, students are able to comprehend all of the author's ideas However, they are unable to convey their thoughts in their mother tongue due to a lack of vocabulary Improving their Vietnamese will enable them to translate more naturally, smoothly Besides, students must develop their reading comprehension skill This skill allows them to fully understand the topics mentioned by the author to avoid mistakes in the translation process It also helps students in guessing difficult words 6.2.2 Suggestions for Teaching Firstly, I think that the students should be given more opportunities from their teachers to improve their translation analysis skills It is very common for students to be able to translate a sentence but not understand why they translated it that way This means that students cannot analyze the elements of the statement 62 Secondly, teachers should teach their students more knowledge of various cultures As you know, culture has a great influence on the style of writing and the use of words If students are familiar with the culture of the country in which the author lives, translating will be easier Thirdly, I believe that teachers should give students specialized terms in many fields of life These terms are very important for translating a specialized document It is very easy for students to face up difficulties if they not know these Therefore, by teaching specialized terms while studying at university, students will acquire the necessary knowledge to overcome the difficulties 63 REFERENCES [1] Catford, J.C (1965) A Linguistic Theory of Translation Oxford: Oxford University Press [2] Duff, A (1990) Translation Oxford: Oxford University Press [3] Heywood, A (2017) Political Ideologies: An Introduction (6th edition) New York: Red Globe Press [4] Newmark, P (1988) A Textbook of Translation New York: Prentice Hall [5] Tudor, I (1965) About Translation Theory Cambridge: Cambridge University Press [6] Zimbardo, P G (2007) The Lucifer effect: Understanding how good people turn evil New York: Random House ONLINE MATERIALS [7] Glosbe Dictionary https://vi.glosbe.com/en/vi/snowfall [8] Oxford Learner's Dictionaries https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/ [9] Soha Tra Tu Dictionary http://tratu.soha.vn/ [10] StudyTiengAnh (2017, August) Danh sách câu thành ngữ tiếng Anh thông dụng Retrieved from StudyTiengAnh: https://www.studytienganh.vn/news/42/danh-sach-nhung-cau-thanh-ngu-tienganh-thong-dung [11] The Free Dictionary https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/ [12] Tiến, L (2007) Vấn đề phương pháp dịch thuật Anh Việt Retrieved from VNU Journal of Foreign Studies: https://js.vnu.edu.vn/FS/article/view/3092 64 SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS ...DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION PAPER AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER FROM THE BOOK ? ?THE LUCIFER EFFECT” BY PHILIP G.ZIMBARDO, 2017 Major: English for Translation. .. There are many types of translation These types of categories can help me deeply understand and easily distinguish the ways of translation Understanding types of translation thoroughly, I can avoid... of one of the middle ranks in the army and the air force, below an officer [2]: a police officer just below the rank of an inspector [3]: a police officer just below the rank of a lieutenant or