... capillaroscopy—dilated capillary loops * CREST syndrome - calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasia Diffuse Cutaneous Widespread with early involvement ... of Raynaud’s Occlusive arterial disease Rheumatic diseases:Scleroderma,CREST,MCTD,SLE ,RA, Myositis Repetitive vascular injury Hyperviscosity :Polycythemia,Cryoglobulinemia Thoracic outlet syndrome ... substantial morbidity and mortality resulting from— – Vascular dysfunction – Organ fibrosis and inflammation – Gastrointestinal dysmotility – Myocardial involvement Etiology Environmental factors...