V. LYT HUY ^X UNG DOT (CONFUC TT HEORY)
Vao Hi^u
Ve phía con cai phai lam tron dao "hieu" v6i cha mẹ Ban den dieu nay, Khong TCr noi, con cai phai hieu thao, le phep vdi cha me: "Phu tai, quan ky chị Phu mdt, quan ky hanh. Tam nien phu cai U phu chi dao, kha vi hieu hi" nghTa
la, trong khi cha me con sinh tien, minh nen xem xet chi hudng, ^ tir cua cha me minh nhu chính dang, tot lanh thi minh bat chudc theọ Khi cha minh mat trong 3
nSm ma minh chSng đi dao nghe cua cha, do mdi gpi la con cd hieụ
Tuy nhien chu "hieu" trong quan niem cua Khong TCr con the hien mot each
3an gian. Ong ndi: "Ke de tCr khi vao thi hieu thao vdi cha me, khi ra thi kinh vdi vdi anh chi va ngUdi Idn tud'i; lam viec gi thi phai can than va an ndi chac that".
Manh TCr va TSng TCr ban ve dao hieu day du va sau s a c hdn tren cd sd Phat trien tu tudng cua Khong TCr. Manh tCr ndi: "Dao hieu Id suot đi tdn thd ^ha me" va "chi cd phung di/dng cha me Id quan trong nhat. Mat khac, dng
con ndi: "dieu gi ching Id kinh thd, nhUng kinh thd cha Id goo cCia moi dieu '^'nh thd vdy".
R6 rang, "hieu" cd y nghTa bao quat, nhu "Nhi thap tCr hieu" khlng dinh: "Niem chCir hieu cho trong mot tiét,
Thd suy ra tram tiét deu nen"
T o n kính c h a m e , v a n g Idi c h a m e , t h e o chf h i r d n g c h a m e . P h u n g dirSng c h a m e s u o t d d i .
Khi c h a m e q u a d d i p h a i c h o n cat c h a m e c h u d a o . r
D o n g thdi, c a c n h a n h o c u n g dUa ra noi d u n g cCia " b a t h i e u " la q u y t h a n h c a i tpi "toi bat h i e u " . T h e o M a n h Tijf, c o n ngUdi p h a m toi b a t h i e u k h i : ivigj
la, c h a m e l a m d i e u bat nghTa m a m i n h c o n a d u a k h o n g biet c a n n g S n , d e chg m e p h a i m a c t i e n g x a u . Hai la, n h a n g h e o m a m i n h c h i n g c h j u ra v 6 i doi kieVn c h u t loc d e n u o i c h a m e . B a la, c h l i n g c h j u lay v d d e d e n noi k h o n g c o n lam t u y e t m a t s u te t i / t o tien, v a d a y la toi I 6 n n h a t v i : " T o i b a t h i e u c 6 b a d i e u , diê v 6 h a u la I6n h d n c a " .
D e n thdi D o n g T r p n g T h u ( 1 7 9 - 1 0 4 trU6c C o n g n g u y e n ) , rut tiT N g u Luan
g o n lai t h a n h t a m c U d n g , d o la V u a - T o i , C h a - C o n , C h o n g - V d . Ong dung
q u a n d i e m "thien d i n h " d e ly giai c h o s U p h u c t u n g . 6ng n o i : " M o i v a t d e u c 6 66\ t u o n g p h u h d p . A m la d o i t u p n g p h o i h d p c u a d U d n g , v d la d o i tUdng p h o i hop
c u a c h o n g , c o n la doi tUdng p h o i h d p c u a c h a . . . " . T r o n g d o , a m p h a i p h u thuoc d U d n g , vi v a y , v d p h a i p h u c t u n g c h o n g , c o n p h a i p h u t h u o c c h a . . .
N g o a i ra D o n g T r p n g T h U c u n g dUa ra " L u c ky", tufc la 6 m o i q u a n he voi
n h u n g ngUdi n g a n g h a n g v d i c h a m e , . . . d o i v6i n h & n g ngUdi n g a n g h a n g v d i cha m e thi p h a i c 6 nghTa, d o i v d i h p h a n g p h a i c 6 thCr t u t r e n d u d i , d o i v d i a n h em p h a i CO tinh t h a n y e u . . . "
G i a o d u e N h o g i a o t r u d c het la G i a g i a o , k h o n g c d G i a g i a o thi k h o n g c6
g i a o d u e . G i a o d u e t r o n g gia d i n h p h a i x u a t p h a t tCf hai t r o n g " T a m c U d n g " : cha c o n , c h o n g v p . T r o n g g i a d i n h , h i e u d e la gd'c c u a c h u n h a n .
c A u H O I O N T A P
1. Theo anh (chi), quan diem nao ciia N h o giao ve chu^n muc dao
diic cua phu niJ cin bo ? Quan diem nao cAn g i u l a i va sijra d d i ?