- 01 Thac Sl, bao ve nam 2005, vdi de tai lu$n van:
Phat hien cac lectin c6 kha nang nhan biet mot so chiing vi khuan gay doc thirc pham
chiing vi khuan gay doc thirc pham
Bui Phirong Thuan*
Tradng Oai hpc KHTN, Dai hpc Quoc gia Ha Npi
MdOAU
Cac vu ngp dpc thiic a n do n h i l m k h u a n ngay cang pho bien d niJ6c ta- ndi khi hau nong ^m la dieu kien thich hpp cho sU phat trien cua vi sinh vat. Day dang la mot van de thdi sU cap bach, doi hoi phai c6 bien phap p h a t hien n h a n h thu pham gay dpc va can thiep kip thdi. Hien da co nhieu phiiOng phap p h a t hien cac vi k h u a n nay, cung n h u cac loai chat dpc do chung tao ra, nhUng da so' deu phiic tap, doi hoi cac trang thiet bi va nguyen vat lieu d i t tien [4,7]. Trong dieu kien thuc te'cua Viet Nam hien nay, viec tim ra mpt phUdng phap ddn gian va ft ton kem co y n g h i a thyc t i i n ldn.
Trong so' cac ky t h u a t , d a n g chu y co phUdng phap sii dung lectin - nhom hdp chat co k h a nang p h a t hien va n h a n dang vi k h u £ n mot each nhanh, n h a y [1,2,6]. Vi du quy trinh sU
dung cac lectin tii dau tUdng (SBA) va 6c sen (HPA) de n h a n dang Bacillus anthracis (vi
k h u a n gay benh than) la chung r a t kho p h a n biet vdi cac chung Bacillus khac, hay lectin m i m Ilia mi (WGA) giiip p h a t hien cac chung vi k h u a n Neisseriaceae trong xet nghiem chan doan [3]. Lectin la nhiing chat t h u hap dan do'i vdi cac phong thi nghiem chan doan lam s a n g do nhiing Uu diem: co hoat dp va tinh dac hieu cao, da dang, cho ket qua n h a n h , khdng d i t tien, ben va de bao q u a n [3,5,6].
NGUYEN UEU VA PHUONG PHAP
Nguyen lieu: Cac m i u vi k h u a n (chu ye'u dUdc phan lap tif cac benh pham cua benh n h a n
bi ngp dpc thuc p h a m va t\i cac nguon thUc ph^m hay gia sue gay benh do Vien Ve sinh dich te T r u n g Udng cung cap) bao gom: 9 chung tu cau vang Staphylococcus aureus (cac mau 25, 64, 141, 143 dUdc p h a n lap til phan; 2-03, 2-04 dUdc p h a n lap tif dich thi hau cua ngUdi benh, con 25923 la c h u n g quoc te); 5 chung tu cau t r i n g Staphylococcus epidermidis (5-03,
1-04 p h a n lap tif thit gia cam gay dpc thUc pham; 1-03 tif thit gia sue gay benh, con 5-02 va
12-04 p h a n lap tif thiic an); 5 chung E. coli (3 04, 13-04, 24-04 dUdc phan lap tif p h a n cua ngudi benh, 25922 la c h u n g quoc te); 3 chung Salmonella (ea ba m i u A, B, D deu dUdc p h a n lap tif p h a n cua ngUdi benh); 3 chung Shigella (213, 474 p h a n lap tif phan, con 259 phan lap
tif m a u ngUdi benh).
Phuang phdp nghien ciiu: Da sU dung cae phUdng phap: chuan bi dung dich lectin tho
(chu yeu tif cae m i u thUe vat nhU hat), xac dinh hoat do lectin b i n g phan ifng gay ngUng ket hong cau, nuoi cay va c h u a n bi eac dich vi k h u a n , nghien eiiu tUdng tac lectin - vi k h u a n b i n g p h a n ifng gay ngUng ket te bao vi sinh vat nhU da mo ta trUdc day [1].
KET QUA, THAO LUAN
Ke't qua thii nghiem tac d u n g gay ngUng ket cua lectin vdi eac chung vi k h u a n da bat hoat dUdc t r i n h bay t r e n cac b a n g 1 va 2.
Trong so cac m i u lectin thif nghiem, mpt so mau (tif dich huyet sam, dUa hau, vai...) khong gay ngUng ket bat ky mot chung vi k h u a n nao (mae dii v i n gay ngUng ket hong ciu), do vay khdng cd tac dung t r o n g p h a n loai.
166 NHUNG VAN DE NGHIEN CUV ca BAN TRONG KHOA HOC sir SONG B a n g 1. T U t f n g t a c l e c t i n