... test papers after that were collected and marked, the scores from the pre-test and post-test were calculated to compare and find out Means (M), standard deviation (SD), Degree of Freedom (df), Statistic ... exhibiting the findings ofthe study as well as the pedagogical implications and suggestions for further studies as the result ofthe discussion of those findings CHAPTER 3: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS ... background knowledge and improve the other language skills Andthe majority ofthe subjects (75%) indicated their confidence in gaining knowledge of words better Most of them supposed that they learnt...
... reading They motivate, and keep students’ interest in learning and therefore, better their understanding and improve their reading skills Reading activities are considered good if: - The students ... are fond ofthe topic and eager to read - The students find the reading text easier to read and understand - The students can obtain or remember something about the reading text - The students ... occurs, the students tend to be bored and inattentive, poorly on tests, get discouraged about the course and may conclude that they are not good at the subjects ofthe course and give up (Oxford...
... ABC digestion of tendon decorin showed a high percentage of monosulfated species, the 6-sulfated one prevailing: 8% of unsulfated disaccharide, 56 and 31 % of 6- and 4-sulfated disaccharides, ... o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride and sulfosuccinimidobiotin were obtained from Pierce, avidin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase and a 30 -kDa heparin-binding fragment of fibronectin were purchased ... presence of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate PGs at thedand e bands in the gap zone ofthe fibrils formed by the quarter staggered array of type I collagen molecules, andthe presence of keratan...
... recognized both the 38 kDa andthe 35 kDa proteins (Fig 3A, low Ca2+ eluate), and antiserum against annexin A2 also detected the 38 kDa andthe 35 kDa proteins Antiserum against annexin A5 detected ... were 38 kDa and 35 kDa proteins The latter could be one ofthe binding proteins detected in our previous dicalcin-overlay analysis [ 13] In control studies, we did not see the binding of these ... stained with silver Amino acid sequence analysis of 38 kDa and 35 kDa proteins During the course of this study, we realized that 35 kDa proteins contained proteolytic fragments of 38 kDa proteins:...
... Materials and methods and illustrated in Fig 1A,B The conformational changes induced by DAPI on the different templates were evaluated to exclude unexpected binding and structural effects due to the ... of trinucleotide repeats, the secondary structuresof individual strands are considered to be the main cause oftheir expansion, and are associated with a number of human genetic diseases [28] ... catalyzed on the AAT- and GC-rich random-templates The synthesis was stalled by DAPI on the ATT-bearing template giving rise to a prevalent product of about 31 33 bases (Fig 7) indicating that, in addition...
... at °C If indicated, lL of RNase A (10 mgÆmL)1) was added together with the antibody Immunopellets were washed with ice-cold IPP145, mixed with 30 lL of · SDS loading dye and analyzed by western ... family of RNA binding proteins [31 33 ] Together with the findings obtained in the present study, interaction of VICKZ and poly(A) binding proteins thus appears to define a conserved feature of mRNPs ... be part of one andthe same complex; on the basis ofthe experimental results obtained in the present study, we cannot exclude the possibility that ePAB and FRGY2 are indeed part of different...
... [EW29Ch] = 0.5 3) andthe resonance signal ofthe side-chain NH of Trp 33 disappeared The broadened signals sharpened at the position ofthe second signal at [sugar] ⁄ [EW29Ch] = 3 4 andthe resonance ... side-chain amide and indole groups, of residues within or adjacent to the sugar-binding site of subdomain c, identified from thecrystal structure of lactose-liganded EW29Ch In the case of other ... increasing amounts of some sugars Peak movements of main chain amide and amide proton of Asp18, and side chain amide and amide proton (marked by ‘sc’) of Trp 33 in EW29Ch during the titration of lactose...
... reduced state of INT, most likely to the INT radical The rate of transition from the oxidized state to the fully reduced state upon addition of sodium dithionite depended on the medium When the ... turbid, absolute spectra of oxidized and reduced hemin in the absence and presence of inhibitors were recorded directly (Fig 3A, trace a, control, and trace b, presence of benzylimidazole) The difference ... refers to the effect of 5-deaza FAD used at a concentration that inhibited % 80% ofthe NADPHoxidase activity The rate andthe extent ofthe NADPHdependent reduction of heme b were both largely decreased...
... levels correlated positively with the degree of joint destruction over a 2-year period [16] These data extend the aforementioned observations and link IL-16 to the disease process of RA In this ... leads to alteration in their apoptotic response, the attachment of these cells to articular cartilage and subsequently to the degradation ofthe cartilage matrix [11, 13] This notion has been derived ... predominantly in Th1 cells and is physically associated with CD4 [20] RASFs have been identified as major producers of IL-16 in the rheumatoid joint, and it has been demonstrated that inflammatory cytokines...
... PPAP [32 ], the Conserved Domain Database CDD [33 ], Clusters of orthologous groups KOG [34 ] and InterProScan [35 ] was also performed The results of all searches were compiled into one table and using ... Approximately g of Cy3 and g of Cy5-labelled aRNA was mixed, fragmented, volume brought to 100 L with hybridization buffer and denatured Hybridization was then conduced 16 h at 37 ‰ with medium agitation ... weeks before and three weeks after in the 20 03, 2005 and 2006 seasons Data representing individual years (20 03, 2005 and 2006) were analyzed independently in order to obtain one set of differentially...
... to isolate and examine the intrinsic dynamics ofthe protein, relatively unfettered and unclouded by dynamics driving unfolding and folding events An understanding ofthe underlying dynamics in ... when Jacobs and Monod propounded the theory ofthe operon in 1961 [8] Their theory was based on their observations of induction ofthe lac gene The isolation and characterization ofthe lac repressor, ... chemical nature of a gene was and what precisely it did The answers to these questions were slowly revealed with the discovery of DNA as the genetic material [4] andthe discovery ofthe double-helical...
... loss and tumorigenesis remained uncertain However the discovery ofthe Scrib tumor suppressor and cell polarity complex has bridged this and allowed a clearer understanding of cell polarity and ... factors and other ECM-associated ligands engage their cognate receptors like Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and integrin adhesion molecules Stimulation of these receptors leads to their ... and hDlg However, unlike the modus operandi of E6, Tax does not inactivate these two proteins by targeted degradation Instead, in HTLV-1-infected T-cells, Tax binds and inactivates hScrib and...
... [15,20– 23] Here, we describe the changes associated with the aggregation states of hRad51 and hRad52 in the presence of 121-mer ssDNA and hRad52 mediated assembly ofthe ssDNA–hRad51 complex The ... of only ssDNA level of larger ones, thereby corroborating the effect of ssDNA induced disaggregation of hRad51 DNA/ATP induced changes in hRad51 We tested whether DNA induced disaggregation of ... had hRad52 (10 lM) with DNA The position of asterisk indicates the formation of large complex in the presence of hRad51, hRad52 and ssDNA presence of hRad52 renders much better binding of hRad51...
... elucidation ofthe splicing mechanism andthe identification ofthe key amino acid residues involved in the scission and ligation ofthe peptide bonds have facilitated the molecular engineering of ... containing DTT The 27 kDa GST band in lane appeared smeared due to the lack of reducing agent (i.e DTT) in the SDS-loading buffer A small amount of background bands (indicated by *) in lane which disappeared ... “proteome”. [32 ] Over the past few years, a variety of proteomic techniques have been developed, allowing many thousands of proteins to be studied based on either their relative abundance, [33 ] or their...
... described in the Andersen's study is ANT-independent and ANT-dependent apoptosis was documented previously [ 53] Additional difference between the apoptosis described by Andersen et al from others ... were first captured on a Leica microscope andthe cell length was determined using OpenLab software Average and standard deviation of cell length were calculated based on three independent experiments, ... drafted the manuscript RYZ designed, directed and wrote the manuscript Acknowledgements This study was supported in part by grants from National Institute of Health AI40891 and GM 630 80 (RYZ), and the...
... concentrations were determined by the method of Bradford [ 43] , with BSA as standard Steady-state initial velocity studies were performed at 37 °C and all assays were initiated by adding the enzyme to ... His120 and His145, andthe corresponding His101 and His126 in arginase I, were described among the ligands for coordination of Mn2+A and Mn2+B, respectively [9,24] However, the volume ofthe active ... cluster and, consequently, by a higher concentration ofthe nucleophilic metal-bound hydroxide [33 35 ] and increased stabilization ofthe transition state afforded by the more weakly bound metal...
... (3) 10% of pyrene-labeled protein for h at 43 and 60 °C and analyzed polymerization and aggregation induced by the addition of KCl and MgCl2 (Fig 5) As expected, salt addition induced rapid polymerization ... U-actin where D1 - and D2 -actins represent two states of denatured actin andthe reversibility or irreversibility of transitions between N, D1 and D2 are unknown Although D1 and D2 states of actin ... independent domains of approximately 11 and 31 kDa Addition of a high concentration of guanidine hydrochloride or urea can reversibly convert D (or partially folded) actin to the completely unfolded...
... Interaction of TnrA with GlnK and GS (Kd3 = ± 0.05 mm) No binding of other nucleotides (ADP, AMP, and GTP) was detectable (Fig S1), confirming their weak effect on the GlnK–TnrA interaction (Fig 3) These ... respectively The ligand (5 lL) was injected 35 times into the 1.4285-mL cell with stirring at 35 0 r.p.m The binding isotherms were calculated from received data, and fitted to a three-site binding model ... and dimethyl pimelimidate dihydrochloride was added to a final concentration of 20 mm The incubation was continued for 30 at 24 °C with gentle shaking The Protein A Sepharose beads were washed...
... 10 mM DTT for h at 25 °C Solid iodoacetamide was then added and alkylation was allowed to proceed in the dark at 25 °C for 30 The reduced and alkylated protein was dialyzed into NaCl/Pi and analyzed ... with mgÆmL)1 of SSAia mixed with a volume of complete Freund’s adjuvant Boosts were administered on day 7, 14 and 28 Sera obtained on day 35 were diluted 10-fold and tested by ELISA and immunoblot ... Blue stained SDS/PAGE, using different concentrations of BSA and then diluted : in M guanidine, 10 mM acetate buffer, pH 4.2, and 10 mM EDTA Denatured b chain was added dropwise to the renaturation...
... both H2O2 and at least one additional ROI were generated during the tyrosinase-mediated oxidations of DOPA and dopamine The identity ofthe ROI could not be determined by inhibition studies using ... performed with HPLC-ED to determine if, and to what extent, H2O2 was generated during the autoxidations and tyrosinase-mediated oxidations of tyrosine, DOPA, and dopamine This sensitive and specific ... extremely sensitive and specific electrochemical methods detected and quantitatively measured, in real time, the production of H2O2 during tyrosinase-mediate oxidations ofthe DOPA and dopamine Comparative...