... ie to y and add – ing die – dying lie - lying If the base form of a one-syllable verb ends with a single vowel + consonant, double the final consonant and add - ing Hit – hitting stop - stopping ... or states that started and ended in the past Use time expressions to describe the time period For example: I lived in Boston in 19 99 They played baseball two days ago We went shopping yesterday ... ago/a while ago) THE HABITUAL PAST WITH “USED TO : USED TO suggests that a habit or situation was true in the past, but is not true now Use USED TO for repeated (or habitual) actions or states...
... with certain nouns (store, doctor, hospital, movies, bank, park, TV, telephone) that are familiar to you and a listener in everyday life For example: A: I’m going to the doctor this morning Can ... Amounts: + Use TOO and SO before MANY/MUCH to emphasize a larger amount TOO usually has a negative meaning For example: There are so many choices on this menu Isn’t it wonderful? There are too many ... decide what to eat She’s made so much money this year She’s happy about it She’s made too much money this year She’ll have to pay a lot in taxes + Use ONLY before A FEW or A LITTLE to emphasize...
... WILL and BE GOING TO: A Predictions with WILL and BE GOING TO + Use WILL or BE GOING TOto make predictions You can also use PROBABLY and other adverbs with WILL and BE GOING TOto express certainty ... to help) BE GOING TO shows that you have thought about something in advance Do not use BE GOING TO for quick decisions WILL for Quick Decisions A: I don’t have a fork B: I’ll ask the waiter to ... BE GOING TO for Advance Plans A: Do we have plastic forks for the party? B: No I’m going to ask Lisa to bring some C Promises with WILL: In statements with I or WE, WILL is often used to express...
... COULD and WOULD to make polite requests in formal situations when we speak to strangers or to people in authority Less formal More formal To a friend: Can you tell me the time? To a stranger: ... situations when we speak to strangers or to people in authority You can use PLEASE to make your request more polite Less formal Child to Parent: Can I go outside and play now? Friend to Friend: Could ... please open the door for me? • AGREEING TO and REFUSING REQUESTS: + Use WILL and CAN to agree to requests Do not use WOULD or COULD We generally use CAN’T / WON’T to refuse a request WON’T is used...
... For example: Direct Object + TO/ FOR + Indirect Object Indirect Object + Direct Object He told his name to the teacher He told the teacher his name He said his name to the teacher * He said the ... USES: Referring to Activities and States: + We use infinitives and gerunds to refer to activities or states For example: Activities States He loves to play tennis They hate to be cold He loves ... meaning For example: I like to travel alone = I like traveling alone They prefer to walk = They prefer walking She started to leave = She started leaving It began to rain = It began raining ...
... to select the relative center frequency parameter kd The moment A Koul and J E Greenberg 15 15 15 10 10 10 5 11 r 1 r r 15 15 15 10 10 10 5 11 r 1 r r 15 15 15 10 10 10 5 11 r r 1 ... Koul and J E Greenberg 15 15 15 10 10 10 5 11 r 0 1 r r 4 2 11 r 1 r r 4 2 11 r r 1 r Figure 5: Probability density functions of the estimated intermicrophone correlation coefficient ... and J E Greenberg 11 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0.5 1. 5 0.5 B 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 B 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0.5 1. 5 0.5 B B 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0.5 1. 5 B 0.5 B Figure...
... example: Mr Clark is on the telephone / The school is in town Medford is near the city / Steve is from Boston CHAPTER 2: INTRODUCTION TO COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS COUNT NOUNS can be counted ... apostrophe alone (’) to form the possessive For example students’ teachers’ For irregular plural nouns, add ’s For example women’s children’s For two or more nouns together, add ’s to the last noun ... (THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE): used to identify people and things for a listener THIS/THESE refer to people or things that are near the speaker THAT/THOSE refer to people or things that are far...
... outline • • • • Subject: Grammar Number of credits: Duration: 15 weeks Course books – Quirk & Greenbaum (19 73) A university grammar of English – Close (19 74) A university grammar of English Workbook ... relational factors: context Grammar as a set of rules • Grammar must be explicitly taught • Grammar is absolute and fixed • Grammar is inherently difficult and confusing, only apparent to language ... message & late call to teacher – All deadlines must be met – Pay due respect to the speaker LINGUISTICS Grammar and Linguistics Grammar Phonology Semantics Discourse Analysis Grammar and Linguistics...
... attitudes 1.1 .1 Definitions of learning attitudes 1. 1.2 The role of attitudes in language learning 1. 2 Theoretical background of grammar teaching 1. 2 .1 Definitions of grammar and the place of grammar ... 1. 2.2 The brief view of grammar teaching approaches 1. 2.3 Stages of a grammar lesson at the current trend of ELT 12 1. 3 Rational for the Integrated Approach 13 1. 3 .1 There is no best method 13 ... best method 13 1. 3.2 Related studies 13 1. 3.3 Institutional reasons for the integrated approach 14 v 1. 3.3 .1 Low level students 15 1. 3.3.2 Large-size and mixed level class 15 1. 3.3.3 Student’s...
... 52 11 17 15 Games and pr 58 21 22 10 Role play 33 12 10 19 13 Picture 41 description Interview 37 13 11 6 Telling stories 24 10 0 Others Seminar Oral report) Table 14 : Students’ evaluation of ... and 5 mountainous Cities areas Numbers of students Percentage 13 15 64 90 10 3% 5% 13 % 15 % 64% 90% 10 % Table 1: Student’s profile The total of students chosen in the study was 10 0 ... University Press 10 Garner, M (19 89) Grammar: Warts and All Melbourn: River Seine 11 Harmer, J (19 91) The Practice of English Language Teaching Longman 12 Harmer, J (19 87) Teaching and Learning Grammar...
... yesterday My husband it later today 10 It’s our parents’ anniversary tomorrow We _ them a gift certificate to a beautiful new restaurant 11 Sue got a sweater from her mother-in-law ... _ (die) 15 We probably (not/go) to the party next week 16 “Can I please talk to the manager?” “He (be) with you in a moment.” 17 The plane (arrive) on time 18 The Andersons ... went to the travel agent yesterday They (buy) their tickets tomorrow 19 We (see) that new movie tonight Do you want to come with us? 20 Allan _ (get) up early tomorrow...
... Unit 11 : The Simple Past of Be GrammarSense Book 11 Unit 12 : The Simple Past Answer Key for Unit 12 : The Simple Past GrammarSense Book 12 Unit 13 : The Past Continuous Answer Key for Unit 13 : ... Continuous GrammarSense Book 13 Unit 14 : Articles Answer Key for Unit 14 : Articles GrammarSense Book 14 Unit 15 : Quantity Expressions Answer Key for Unit 15 : Quantity Expressions GrammarSense Book 15 ... Unit 10 : Adverbs of Frequency 10 Unit 11 : The Simple Past of Be 11 Unit 12 : The Simple Past 12 Unit 13 : The Past Continuous 13 Unit 14 : Articles...
... GrammarSense Book 10 Unit 11 : Advice, Necessity, and Prohibition Answer Key for Unit 11 : Advice, Necessity, and Prohibition GrammarSense Book 11 Unit 12 : Tag Questions Answer Key for Unit 12 : ... Articles GrammarSense Book 15 Unit 16 : Adjectives Answer Key for Unit 16 : Adjectives GrammarSense Book 16 Unit 17 : Adverbs Answer Key for Unit 17 : Adverbs GrammarSense Book 17 Unit 18 : Comparatives ... Unit 18 : Comparatives GrammarSense Book 18 Unit 19 : Superlatives Answer Key for Unit 19 : Superlatives GrammarSense Book 19 Unit 20: Gerunds Answer Key for Grammar Unit 20: Gerunds Grammar Sense...