Week 1 - Introduction to grammar ppt

INTRODUCTION TO GRAMMAR Nguyễn Hồng Diệu HULIS - VNU Course outline • Subject: Grammar • Number of credits: 3 • Duration: 15 weeks • Course books – Quirk & Greenbaum (1973) A university grammar of English – Close (1974) A university grammar of English - Workbook Course outline • Objective – to develop an understanding of the fundamentals of English grammar • Prerequisite – good command of English • Main areas – Morphology – Syntax Course outline • Course content – Word formation – Sentence elements – Parts of speech – Phrases – Clauses – Sentences Course outline • Class activities – Lectures – Discussion of readings – Presentations – In-class tutorials • Self study – Review of the theory – Practice exercises (Workbook) – Tutorial exercises Course outline • Assessment – Mini tests + Participation: 10% – Mid-term test: 30% – Final test: 60% • Ground rules – No coming late – No phone ringing in class – No text message & late call to teacher – All deadlines must be met – Pay due respect to the speaker Grammar and Linguistics LINGUISTICS Grammar Phonology Semantics Discourse Analysis Grammar and Linguistics 1. Phonology – Subject: Phonemes (the smallest linguistic units) – Subclasses: • Segmental – Vowels – Consonants • Supra segmental – Stress rhythm – Intonation Grammar and Linguistics 2. Grammar – Subject: Morphemes (the smallest meaningful linguistic units) – Types of morphemes: • Words (parts of speech) • Phrases (NP, VP, etc.) • Clauses (independent & dependent) • Sentences (simple, compound and complex) Grammar and Linguistics 3. Semantics Concerned with: • The meanings of words • Utterances (phrases, clauses and sentences) 3. Discourse analysis Concerned with: • Larger units than sentences • Means of linking sentences (cohesion & coherence) • The relational factors: context [...].. .Grammar as a set of rules • Grammar must be explicitly taught • Grammar is absolute and fixed • Grammar is inherently difficult and confusing, only apparent to language teachers or linguists Lo o k at the s e nte nc e s be lo w and de c ide whe the r it is G (g rammatic al), N (ung rammatic al) o r ? (no t s ure ) • _ She had less problems with the move to a new school than she... needs to buy their books before the first day of class Language and change • How people express themselves vs How language experts say they should • There is no uniform agreement among experts as to what is “correct” or acceptable • The nature of language: a living, fluid entity that changes in response to changes in society (Sentence 4) Language is rule-governed • Grammar guides speakers in how to string... (Jabberwocky by Lewis Carroll) Us ing the pre vio us analys is to draw c o nc lus io ns abo ut the italic ize d wo rds And, as in uffish thought he stood, The Jabberwock, with eyes on flame, Came whiffling through the tulgey wood, And burbled as it came! One two! One two! And through and through The vorpal blade went snicker-snack! (Carroll, L (18 71) Through the looking glass and what Alice found there)... changes in society (Sentence 4) Language is rule-governed • Grammar guides speakers in how to string together symbols, sounds, and words to make coherent, meaningful sentences • Grammar knowledge is intuitive and reflects the innate ability of speakers • One can use and adapt new/unique elements according to the patterns of the language Example: Beware the J abberwock, my son! The jaws that bite, the claws . INTRODUCTION TO GRAMMAR Nguyễn Hồng Diệu HULIS - VNU Course outline • Subject: Grammar • Number of credits: 3 • Duration: 15 weeks • Course books – Quirk & Greenbaum (19 73) A university. university grammar of English – Close (19 74) A university grammar of English - Workbook Course outline • Objective – to develop an understanding of the fundamentals of English grammar • Prerequisite – good. call to teacher – All deadlines must be met – Pay due respect to the speaker Grammar and Linguistics LINGUISTICS Grammar Phonology Semantics Discourse Analysis Grammar and Linguistics 1. Phonology – Subject: