Tu do, dg tai nghign cuu " Mot so giaiphap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuongmai co phan Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 -2012"
Trang 1An Giang, thang 5 nam 2013
THIf VIEN
TRLfONGeAIHOCll
AN GIANG
Giang vien huwng dan: Th.S NGUYEN THI VAN HANH
Sinh vien thu-c hiln: TO THIXUAN HONG
L^^p: DH10NH - MSSV: DNH093190
KHOA LUAN T6T NGHIE^P DAI HOC
MQT SO GIAIPHAP NANG CAO HIEU QUA HOAT DONG THANH TOAN QUOC TE TAINGAN HANG THUOfNG MAI CO PHAN NGOAI THlTONG VIET NAM
CHI NHANH AN GIANG GIAI DOAN 2010-2012
Chuyen nganh: TAI CHINH - NGAN HANG
TRl/OfNG BJ^J HOC AN GIANG
HOA KEMH TE - QUAN TRIKINH DOA
Trang 2Klioa luan duoc cham tai hoi dong cham luan van
Khoa Kinh te - Quan tri kinh doanh, thang 12 nam 2012
SVTH: To Thi Xuan H6ngTrang ii
Nguoi cham, nhan xet 2:
(Ho ten, hoc ham, hoc vi va chit ky)
Nguoi cham, nhan set 1:
(Ho ten, hoc ham, hoc vi va chit ky)
Giang vien huong dan: Th.S Nguyen Thi Van Hanh
KHOA LUAN TOT NGHIEP DlTOC HOAN THANH TAJ
KHOA KINH TE - QUAN TRIKINH DOANH
TRlTOiNG DAI HOC AN GIANG
thucmg Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
Trang 3SVTH: To Thi Xuan HongTrang iii
An Giang, ngay 10 thang 05 nam2013
Sinh vien thuc hien
To Thi XuSn Hong
Ldi ddu tien em mudn gin Idi cam an den Ban gidm hieu nhd truang ciingtoan the cdc thdy co gido cua truang Dai Hoc An Giang da tan tinh quan tarn,giup do em trong sudt bdn ndm hoc tap vica qua Dqc Met Id cdc thdy co gidokhoa Kirih te - Quan tri kinh doanh da trang bi cho em nhung Men thiccchuyen mdn quy bdu lam hdnh trang cho em buac vdo dai
Vai tat cd tarn long biet an vd Mnh trong sdu sac nhdt, em xin gin Idi cam
an tai Thqc sy - Nguyen Thi Van Hqnh, ngudi da hudng dan rat tan tinh vdluon gidnh cho em nhungy Men donggdp quy bdu vd thiet thuc nhdt de em co-the hodn thdnh de tdi nghien cuu nay
Em ciing xin gin Idi cam an chdn thdnh den Ban lanh dqo ngan hang Ngoaithuang Viet Nam chi nhanh An Giang ciing cdc Anh, Chi phdng Thanh todnqudc te, dqc Met Id Chi Quyen Truang phdng Thanh toan qudc te da nhiettinh giup do, hudng dan, cung cap nhung so lieu can thiet de em cd the hodnthdnh ludn van tot nghiep cuaminh dung thai hah vdyeu cdu
Vdi vdn Men thicc con hqn hep nen bdi nghien cuu khdng trdnh Midi nhungthieu sot Do do em mong nhdn duqc nhung nhdn xet quy bdu cua Quy thdy
cd vd Anh Chi de bdi nghien cuu duac hodn thien han
Sau ciing em xin Mnh chuc Quy thdy cd ciing cdc Anh Chi trong Ngdn hangddi ddo sice khde vd thdnh cdng trong cdng viec ciing nhu trong cudc song
Xin chdn thdnh cam an!
LCHCAMGN
thumig Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
Trang 4SVTH: To Thi Xuan HongTrang iv
Giai doan 2010-2012, cung gigng ngn kinh te Viet Nam, tinh hinh kinh tg xahoi tren dia ban tinh An Giang tigp tuc co sir phuc hoi nhanh chdng sau tac dpngcua khung hoang kinh tg toan cau nam 2009 An Giang la mot tinh thupc DongBang Song Cmi Long co thg manh vg phat trign nong nghiep, nuoi trong va chg bignthiiy san Kim ngach xuit nhap khiu Mng nam cung rdt ldn, la mot thi truang tigmnang cho phat trign cac dich vu tai trp xuat nhap khau ma dac biet la dich vu thanhtoan qu6c tg cua ngan hang thuong inai Tu do, dg tai nghign cuu " Mot so giaiphap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuongmai co phan Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 -2012" duoc hinh thanh voi muc dich danh gia lai hoat dpng thanh toan quoc tg taiVietcombank An Giang, lam ca so xay dung cac giai phap dg hoan thien va nang'cao hieu qua hoat dpng ciia dich vu nay tai Chi nhanh trong thai gian tdi
Thong qua viec thu thap cac dft lieu thu cap, cac thong tin ttr qua trinh quan sat,tim higu thuc tg cung nhu nhung thong tin tong hop dupe tir mot so ngan hang canhtranh trgn dia ban, dg tai phan tich mot each tong thg thuc trang hoat dpng thanhtoan qu6c tg tai Chi nhanh trong giai doan 2010 - 2012 Qua trinh phan tich giupnhan ra nhung nhan to bgn trong cung nhu bgn ngoai anh huotig dgn hieu qua hoatdpng thanh toan qu6c tg tai Chi nhanh, dong thbi, thong qua mo hinh ma tranSWOT, lam ca sa dg dg ra cac giai phap gop ph^n phat trign dich vu thanh toanqu6c tg tai Chi nhanh trong thai gian tdi
Bgn canh do, dg tai con dg xuat mot so kign nghi doi vdi Vietcombank An Giang,Vietcombank Hoi sd va Ngan hang nha nude, nham dam bao thuc hien tot cac giaiphap phat trign, nang cao han nua hieu qua dich vu thanh toan quoc tg tai Chi nhanh
trong tuang lai.
Npi dung nghien cihi dupe trinh bay trong 6 chuong:
Chuangl:Mdd4u
Chuohg 2: Ca sd ly thuygt vg hoat dpng thanh toan quoc tg
Chuong 3: Gidi thieu tgng quan vg ngan hang thuang mai eg phan ngoai thuangViet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang
Chuffng 4: Thuc trang hoat dpng thanh toan quoc tg tai ngan hang thuang mai cdphan ngoai thuang viet nam — chi nhanh An giang giai doan 2010 — 2012
Chuung 5: Mot so giai phap cp thg nhSm phat tri^n hoat dpng thanh toan quoc tgtai ngan hang thuang mai co phln ngoai thuang Vigt Nam - chi nhanh An Giang.Chuong 6: Kgt luan - Kign nghi
TOM TAT
thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
Trang 5Chinmg 2 CO SOf LY THUYET VE HO^T DONG THANH TOAN QUOC TE
2.1Khainiem32.2 Cac phirong thiic thanh toan quoc te32.2.1Phtrcrng thiic chuy^n ti6n3a)Dinh nghia3b)Cac ben tham gia3
c)Hinhthuc3 d)Quy trinh nghiep vu4
e)Uu, nhu^c diem cuaphuang thiic chuyen tien52.2.2Phuong thiic nho thu5a)Dinh nghia5b)Cac ben tham gia5
c)Hinh thiic5
SVTH: To Thi Xuan Hong'.Trang v
thuong Viet Nam — chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
Trang 6SVTH: To Thi Xuan HongTrang vi
d)Quy trinh nghiep vu6
e)lfu, nhupc diem cua phuong thuc nhd thu72.2.3Phuong thiic ghi s672.2.4Phuong thiic giao chiing tir nhan tien72.2.5Phuong thuc tin dung chung tir8a)Birth nghia8b)Cdcben thamgia,8c)Quy trinh nghiep vu9
d)Thu tin dung9
e)Cdc loqi thu tin dung thong dung:10f)lfu, nhuac diem cuaphuang thuc tin dung chung tic122.3 Vai trd cua hoat dpng thanh toan quoc te13
2.4 He th6ng SWIFT14
2.4.1So luacvi he thdng SWIFT142.4.2Mot sd loqi dien SWIFT thong dung16
Chirong 3 GICH THIEU TONG QUAN VE NGAN HANG THlTONG MAI
CO PHAN NGOAI THlTONG VIET NAM - CHI NHANH AN GIANG
3.1Gioi thieu chi nhanh ngan hang Ngoai thuong An Giang173.1.1Lich sic hinh thanh vd phdt trien173.1.2Sicmqng, tarn nhin vd phuong chdm hoqtdqng193.7.3Vai trd cua chi nhanh ngan hang ngoai thuong An Giang ddi voi suphdttrien cua tinh193.2K6t qua hoat dpng kinh doanh tu nam 2010 d8n 2012203.3Phuong hudng phat tri^n nam 201321
Chirong 4: THlTC TR^NG HOAT DONG THANH TOAN QUOC TE TAI NGAN HANG f HUONG M^I CO PHAN NGO^I THUONG VIET NAM - CHI NHANH AN GIANG GIAI DOAN 2010 - 2012
4.1 Tong quan ve hoat dpng thanh toan quoc te224.1.1Doanh sd cdc hinh thuc thanh toan quoc ti tic 2010 - 2012224.1.2Phi thu dich vu thanh toan quoc ti tic 2010 - 201224
thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
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thucmg Viet Nam - ohi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012
4.1.3 Thiphan kim ngqch thanh toan xudt nhap khau cua Vietcombank An Giangsovaitodn tinh274.2Tinh hinh thanh toan hang hoa xuat khlu274.3Tinh hinh thanh toan hang hoa nhap khau334.4Tinh hinh kinh doanh ngoai te364.5Tinh hinh cung cap cac cong cu phong ngira bien dpng ty gia374.6Cac nhan td anh huang dSn hoat dpng thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang38
4.6.1Doi ngu nhan vien38
4.6.2Ha tang cong nghe384.6.3 Hoat dqng marketing:394.6.4Hoat dongphuc vu vd cham soc khdch hang394.7So sanh there trang hoat dong thanh toan qu6c t6 cua Vietcombank An Giang vdicac ngan hang thucmg mai khac tren dia ban394.7.7- Ve thiphan thanh toan quoc tetren dia ban tinh An Giang394.7.2Vephithu434.7.3Vichien lucre444.8Cac nhan to b6n ngoai anh huong den hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te454.8.1Tinh hinh kinh te-xa hoi thigiai454.8.2Tinh hinh xuat nhap khdu tren dia ban454.8.3Gia cd cac mat hang xudt khau464.8.4Su bien dqng ty gia hoi dodi464.8.5Doi thu cqnh tranh trongnganh464.9Thanh qua dat duac va nhung han ch6474.9.1Thanh qua dat duac474.9.2Han chi47
Chirtmg 5: MOT SO GIAI PHAP NHAM PHAT TRIEN HOAT DONG
THANH TOAN QUOC TE TAI NGAN HANG THl/ONG MAI CO PHAN NGO^I THl/ONG VIET NAM - CHI NHANH AN GIANG.
5.1 Dinh hudmg phat trien hoat dpng thanh toan quoc te tai Vietcombank chi nhanh
An Giang49
5.7.7 Phuang huang hoat dqng cua cd ngan hang.495.7.2 Phuang huang hoat dqng cua Phong Thanh toan quoc te49
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5.2Ma tran SWOT50
5.3Phan ti'ch cac chien hrgc;52
5.4Mot s6 giai phap nhSm phat triln hoat dong thanh toan quoc t8 tai NHTMCPNgoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang535.4.1Xay dung chien luge Marketing545.4.2Giai phap cham soc khach hang585.4.3Giai phap ve nguon nhan luc59a)Dao tao vaphdt trien nguon nhan lucphuc vu cong tdc Marketing59b)Ndng cao tnnh do chuyen mon cua doi ngu can bo nhan vien Thanh toanquocte;59
5.4.4Cac giai phap ho trg ^ - : : : 60
a)Giai phap thu hut nguon ngoai te60b)Giai phap ve cong nghe60c)Giai phap phat trien cac cong cuphdng ngira bien dong ty gia61
Chuwng 6 KET LUAN - KIEN NGHI
6.1K6tluan:62
6.2Ki8nnghi.''.63
6.2.1 Doi v&i Vietcombank An Giang63
,6.2.2 Doi vai Vietcombank trung uang63
TAI LIEU THAM
KHAO65-thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
Trang 9Chuyln tiln bang dien
Thuomg mai c6 phanT6 chuc tut dvmg
lien ngan hang toan cau
Hiep hoi Tai chinh Viln thong Nhap khlu
Ngan hang nha nuacNgan hang
Chuyln ti^n b^ng thu
Tin dung thuGiao chting tit d6i thanh toan
Telegraphic Transfer Remittance
interbank financial telecommucation
Societies for worldwide
Mail tranfers
Letter of Credit
Documents against payment
Documents against acceptance
Cash against documents
DANH MUC CHC VIET TAT
thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai dojtn 2010-2012
Trang 10Trang x
SVTH: To Thi Xuan Hong
43 40 36 33 32 27 26 24 22 20
Bang 4.9: Phi thu tvr hoat dong TTQT cua Vietcombank An Giang so vdi
cac NHTM khac tren dia ban
Bang 4.8: Doanh so TTQT cua Vietcombank An Giang so vdi cac NHTM
khac tren dia ban
Bang 4.7: Doanh so mua ban ngoai te tai Vietcombank An Giang (2010
Bang 4.3: Bieu phi dich vu thanh toan qu6c te cua Vietcombank so vdi
Vietinbank va Eximbank An Giang
Bang 4.2: Phi thu dich vu cua cac phuong thuc TTQT tai Vietcombank
Trang 11SVTH: To Thj Xuan H6ngTrang xi
18
15'
9 6 6 4 4
Hinh 3.1: Sa do to chiic Vietcombank An Giang
Hinh 2.6: Luu chuyen dien SWIFT di va d^n trong thanh toan
Hinh 2.5: Quy trinh thanh toan theo phuang thiic tin dung chiing tit
Hinh 2.4: Quy trinh thuc Men phuang thiic nha thu kem chiing tu
Hinh 2.3: Quy trinh thuc Men phuang thiic nha thu trcm
Hinh 2.2: Quy trinh thuc Men phuong thiic chuySn tiln tra truac
Hinh 2.1: Quy trinh thuc hien phuong thiic chuyen tien tra sau
DANH MUC HINH
thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
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42 36 35 34 31 29 27 25 25 23 20
Bieu do 4.10: Thi phan TTQT cua Vietcombank An Giang so vdi cac
NHTM khac tren dia ban
Bieu do 4.9: Doanh so mua ban ngoai te tai Vietcombank An Giang
Bieu do 4.5: Doanh so thanh toan hang xuat khau ctia Vietcombank An
Giang tur nam 2010-2012
Bieu do 4.4: Thi phan kim ngach thanh toan xuat nhap khau binh quan
(2010 - 2012) cua Vietcombank An Giang so vdi toan tinh
BiSu d6 4.3 Ty trpng phi thu cua cac phuong thuc TTQT tai Vietcombank
DANH MUC BIEU BO
thuong Viet Nam- chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
Trang 13SVTH: Td Thi Xuan HdngTrang 1
1.1Co- so- hinh thanh de tai
Di ddi vdi qua truth mo cua hoi nhap kinh te the giai la sir phat tridn cua cacngan hang thuang mai Viet Nam, trong thai gian vita qua, he thong ngan hangthuang mai Viet Nam khdng ngimg md rdng vd quy mo cung nhu da dang hda cacsan pham dich vu, trong do thanh toan quoc te la mot loai hinh san pham dich vungay cang dong vai tro quan trong bdi no lien quan true tiep den hoat dong ngoai
thuang cua mot quoc gia.
Hoat dong thanh toan qu6c t^ cua cac Ngan hang duqc xem la cong cu, la cau n6itrong quan he kinh te doi ngoai va thuang mai giua cac nude tren the gidi Han nua,thong qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te cac ngan hang thuang mai cd ca hoi khingdinh vi the cua minh tren trudng quoc te, tang thu nhap va phat trien on dinh trongmdi trudng canh tranh
La mot trong nhung chi nhanh true thuoc ngan hang thuang mai cd phan Ngoaithuang Viet Nam, ngan hang thuang mai cd phan Ngoai thudng Viet Nam - chinhanh An Giang cCng da dat duqc mot so thanh tim dang ke trong linh vuc nay, tuynhien vdi tdc do tang trudng xuat nhap khau nhu hien nay, hoat dong thanh toanquoc te cua chi nhanh ngan hang can phat trien han nua de dap ling nhu cau ngaycang cao cua khach hang Dd tim hidu sau han vd tinh hinh phat triln cung nhunhung thuan lqi va khd khan trong viec phat trien hoat dong thanh toan quoc te cuachi nhanh ngan hang, tdi da chqn nghien cuu de tai: "Mot so giai phap nang caohieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuang mai co phanNgoai thuang Viet Nam - Chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012", qua do cdthe tim ra mot sd giai phap cu thd nhlm giup ngan hang hoan thien loai hinh dich vunay han nua, tirng hudc hien dai hda va hda nhap vao xu thd chung ciia thai dai.1.2Muc tieu nghien cuu
Muc tieu nghien ciiu cua dd tai nhu sau:
-Nghien ciiu khai quat sir phat trien hoat dong kinh doanh cua toan ngan hangthuang mai cd phan Ngoai thuang Viet Nam ndi chung va chi nhanh ndi ridng.-Nghien cuu thuc trang hoat dong thanh toan qudc td tai ngan hang thuang mai
cd phan Ngoai thuang Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012.-Dd xuat mot sd giai phap cu thd nham nang cao chit luqng dich vu, dap lingnhu cau ngay cang da dang ciia khach hang
Chuang 1 de cap den nhimg noi dung long qudt nhdt nhic: Co so hinh thdnh de tdi,muc tieu nghien cuu, phqm vi nghien cuu, phuong phdp nghien cuu vd y nghta cua
de tdi nham giup ngudi doc co dinh hudmg vd cdi nhin bao qudt vi nhimg van de
Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuang mai
cd phin Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
CHUtfiNTG 1 MOf DAU
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Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuong mai
co phan Ngoai thucrng Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012
1.3Pham vi nghien cvu
Be tai tap trung nghien cuu thuc trang hoat dong thanh toan quoc tS tai nganhang thucmg mai co phan Ngoai thuong Viet Nam — chi nhanh An Giang trong giaidoan tu 2010-2012
1.4Phirong phap nghien curu
Be tai su dung nhung phuong phap nghien cuu sau:
-Phuong phap thu thap thong tin, sd lieu: so lieu thong ke tir cac bao cao thuongmai dien hi, bao cao hoat dong kinh doanh va website cua cac ngan hang theo thaigian Ngoai ra con thu thap them thong tin tit cac bao dai, truyen hinh, tap chi,
internet Bong thai tham khao cac de tai nghien cuu trudc day.
-Quan sat va trao d6i true tilp vdi cac nhan vien ngan hang
-Sau khi thu thap so lieu tien hanh xii li bang phuong phap thong ke, phan tich,
so sanh va doi chieu cac so lieu tuang doi va tuyet doi de hoan thanh de tai
1.5Y nghia nghien cuu
Ket qua nghien cuu se giiip cho ngan hang thiy duac tinh hinh hoat dong thanhtoan quoc te cua ngan hang minh, ben cahh do con giiip ngan hang nhan ra duacnhung diem manh dl phat huy va nhiing han ch6 can kh^c phuc Tit do ngan hang
co nhung dieu chinh kip thai cting nhu nhung chiSn luac, ke hoach phu hop nhlmhoan thien loai hinh dich vu thanh toan nay han nua, timg budc md rpng thi trudng,nang cao hieu qua hoat dong kinh doanh va gop phln nang cao vi th6 cua minh trenthi trudng ngan hang thuang mai Viet Nam
Trang 15SVTH: To Thi Xuan HongTrang 3
Chuong nay cung cdp cho ngudi doc nhung ly thuyit co ban ve thanh toan quoc te,cdc phuong thuc thanh toan quoc te cung nhir cdc thuqt ngic chuyen dung trong bat
nghien cicu, la cosd tham khao thong tin cho noi dung chinh cua nghien cuu.
2.1Khai niem
Theo Tram ThiXudn Huong (2006):
Thanh toan quoc te (International setlement) la qua trinh thuc hien cac khoan thuchi tien te quoc te thong qua he thong ngan hang tren the gidi nham phuc vu cacmoi quan he trao doi quoc te phat sinh giua cac nude vdi nhau
Thanh toan qudc t la nghiep vu ngan hang quoc ti duac hinh thanh va phat trien
tren nen tang hoat dpng ngoai thuong va cac quan he trao doi quoc te.
2.2Cac phuomg thuc thanh toan quoc te thong dung
b)Cdc ben tham gia
-Ngudi chuyen tien: ngudi mua, nha nhap khau, ngudi m5c np, .la ngudi yeu cau ngan hang chuyen tien.
-Ngdn hang chuyen tien: la ngan hang phuc vu cho ngudi chuyen tien
-Ngudi thu hudng: la ngudi ban, nha xuat khau, chii np, .hoac mot ngudi nao
do do ngudi chuyen tien chi dinh
-Ngdn hang dqi ly: la ngan hang phuc vu cho ngudi thu hudng va cd quan he dai
ly vdi ngan hang chuyen tien
Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat ctong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuong mai
co phan Ngoai thuong Viet Nam — chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012
Chmmg 2 CO SCf LY THUYET VE HOAT D0NG
THANH TOAN QUOC TE
Trang 16SVTH: To Thi Xuan Hong
Hinh 2.2: Quy trinh thyc hien phuong thuc chuyen tien tra trudc(1)Ngudi nhap khau lap lenh chuyen tien yeu cau ngan hang phuc vu minhchuyin tiin cho ngudi thu hudng
(2)Ngan hang phuc vu ngudi xuat khau chuyen tien cho ngudi thu hudng thongqua ngan hang dai ly
Ngudi xuit khiu
NH chuyen tien
Hinh 2.1: Quy trinh thuc hien phuong thiic chuyln tien tra sau
(1)Ngudi xuit khiu giao hang va bo chung tu hang hoa cho ngudi nhap khiu.(2)Ngudi nhap khiu lap lenh chuyen tien yeu ciu ngan hang phuc vii minhchuyen tien cho ngudi thu hudng
(3)Ngan hang phuc vu ngudi xuat khau chuyen tien cho ngudi thu hudng thongqua ngan hang dai ly
(4)Ngan hang dai ly ghi cd va bao cd cho ngudi xuat khau
(5)Ngan hang chuyen tien bao no cho ngudi nhap khau
Ngudi xuit khau Ngudi nhap khau L^ '
(4)
(5) (2)
NH daily
(3)
NH chuyen tien ;
Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuong mai
cd phin Ngoai thuomg Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
thu hudng Chuyen tien blng thtr chi phi thap, nhung tuong doi cham, de bi anhhudng bien dong cua ty gia
- Chuyen tien bang dien: Telegraphic tranfers (T/T) ngan hang thvrc hien nghiep
vu chuyen tien bang each ra lenh bang dien cho ngan hang dai ly cua minh a nudengoai tra tien cho ngudi thu hudng Chuyen tien bang dien chi phi cao, nhanh chongkip thdi nen it chiu anh hudng cua bien dong ty gia
d) Quy trinh nghiep vtf
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Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan qu6c t6 tai ngan hang thuong mai c6 phin Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
(3)Ngan hang dai ly ghi co va bao co cho ngudi xuat khau
(4)Ngudi xuit khau giao hang va bo chung tir hang hoa cho ngudi nhap khau.(5)Ngan hang chuySn tiin, sau ghi no, bao no cho ngudi nhap khau
e) Vu, nhuffc diim
?> Ifu diem: thu tuc thanh toan don gian, thai gian thanh toan nhanh chong
??? Nhuac diem: doi vdi phuong thiic nay viec tra tien phu thuoc vao thien chi cuangudi mua, nen khong dam bao an toan chic chin cho ngudi ban Ngan hang chi latrung gian thuc hien viec thanh toan liy nhiem de hudng mot khoan phi ma khong bi
rang bupc gi ca.
2.2.2 Phuong thuc nhd thu (Collection of payment)
b)Cdc ben tham gia
-Nguai iiy nhiem thu: Ngudi cung ling dich vu (ben ban)
-Ngan hang thu ho: Ngan hang phuc vu ngudi uy nhiem thu
-Ngan hang xuat trinh: Ngan hang xuat trinh chiing tit cho ngudi tra tien, thudng
la ngan hang dai ly cho ngan hang thu ho
-Nguai tra tien: Ngudi nhap khau, ngudi sii dung dich vu duoc cung ling (ben
mua).
c)Hinh thuc
-Nhd thu iron (Clean collection): La phuong thiic nhd thu trong do ngudi xuatkhau uy thac cho ngan hang thu ho tien d ngudi nhap khau can cii vao hoi phieu dominh lap ra con chiing tir hang hoa thi gui thang cho ngudi nhap khau, khong giii
cho ngan hang.
-Nhd thu kem chiing tic (Documentary collection): La phuong thuc nhd thu trong
do ngudi xuat khau sau khi da hoan thanh nghia vu giao hang hay cung ling dich vutien hanh uy thac cho ngan hang phuc vu minh thu ho tidn d ngudi nhap khiu khongchi can cii vao hoi philu ma con can cii vao bo chiing tir hang hoa giri kem theo vdidieu kien neu ngudi nhap khiu thanh toan hoac chip nhan thanh toan thi ngan hangmdi trao ho chiing tir cho ngudi nhap khiu nhan hang hoa
Trang 18Trang 6SVTH: To Thi Xuan Hong
Hinh 2.4: Quy trinh thuc hien phuoug thuc nhcr thu kern chung tu(1) Ngucri xuat khau giao hang cho ngucri nhap khau nhung khong giao bpchiing tir hang hoa
Nguai rihap khau
(4)
(6) (5)
(3)
NH nhan uy thac thu
Hinh 2.3: Quy trinh thuc hien phucrng thuc nho1 thu tron(1)Ngucri xuat khau giao hang va bp chiing tir hang hoa cho nguai nhap khau •(2)Nguai xuat khau lap chi thi nha thu va hoi phieu npp vao ngan hang de uythac cho ngan hang thu ho tien a nguai nhap khau
(3)Ngan hang nhan uy thac chuyen chi thi nha thu va hoi phieu cho ngan hangdai ly de thong bao cho nguai nhap khau biet
(4)Ngan hang dai ly chuy^n hoi phieu cho nguai nhap khiu d^ yeu clu chip
nhan hay thanh toan Neu hop dong thoa thuan dieu kien thanh toan D/A nguainhap khlu chi cln chip nhan thanh toan, nu la D/P nguai nhap khau phai thanh
toan ngay cho nguai xuat khau.
(5)Nguai nhap khiu thong bao ding y tra tiin hay tit chii thanh toan.
(6)Ngan hang dai ly trich tiin tir tai khoan ciia ngucri nhap khau chuyin sangngan hang uy thac thu de ghi co cho nguai xuat khau trong truang hop nguai nhapkhiu ding y tra tiin hoac thong bao cho ngan hang uy thac thu biit trong truanghap ngucri nhap khau tit choi tra tien
(7)Ngan hang uy thac thu ghi co va bao co cho ngucri xuit khiu hoac thong baocho ngucri xuat khau biet viec nguai nhap khau tir choi tra tien
Ngucri nhap khau
(4) (5)
(6)
NH nhan uy thac thu
d) Quy trlnh nghiep vu
Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan qu6c tg tai ngan hang thuang mai
co phan Ngoai thurong Viet Nam — chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
Trang 19SVTH: To Thi Xuan HongTrang 7
Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thucmg mat
co phln Ngoai thuong Vi^t Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
(2)Ngudi xuat khau guri chi thi nhd thu, hoi phieu va bo chiing tir hang hoa denngan hang nhan uy thac de nha thu ho tien a ngudi nhap khau
(3)Ngan hang nhan tiy thac chuyen chi thi nha thu, h6i phieu va bo chiing titsang ngan hang dai ly de thong bao cho ngudi nhap khau
(4)Ngan hang dai ly chiiyln h6i philu din ngudi nhap khau de yeu cau tra tienhoac chip nhan tra tiln
(5)Ngudi nhap khau tra tiln trong tnrdng hop D/P hay ky chip nhan tra tilntrong trtrdng hop D/A
(6)Ngan hang dai ly trao bp chiing tu de ngudi nhap khau nhan hang
(7)Ngan hang dai ly trich tai khoan ngudi nhap khau chuyen tien sang nganhang nhan uy thac thu dl ghi co cho ngudi xult khau hoac la thong bao viec tit choitra tien cua ngudi nhap khau
(8)Ngan hang uy thac bao co hoac thong bao viec tu choi tra tien cho ngudixult khlu
e) Ifu, nhirffc diem cuaphuffng thitc nh& thu
Phuong thiic nhd thu hoi phieu kem chiing tit dam bao kha nang thu tien hanphuang thiic chuyen ien tra sau va nhd thu hoi phieu tran vi ngudi xuat khau ngoaiviec liy thac cho ngan hang thu tien con nhd ngan hang thong qua viec khong che
bp chiing tit hang hoa de bupc ngudi nhap khau phai tra tien hoac chap nhan tratiln
Tuy nhien, thong qua bp chiing tit ng hang hoa chii chua chic khong che duocviec tra tien doi vdi ngudi nhap khau Chang han khi tinh hinh thi trudng sau khi kyhpp ddng biln dong bit loi khien cho ngudi nhap khau bi 16 neu nhu thuc hien hopdong nhap khau Trong tinh huong do viec khong che bp chiing tit hang hoa trd nen
vo nghia.
2.2.3Phinmg thiic ghi s6 (Open account)
Phuang thiic ghi so la phuang thiic thanh toan trong do to chiic xuat khau khixuat khau hang hoa, cung ling dich vu thi ghi no cho ben nhap khau vao mot cuon
so rieng ciia minh va viec thanh toan cac khoan no nay dupe thuc hien trong timgthai ky nhat dinh co the la hang thang hoac hang quy Khi thuc hien phuang thiicnay, hie la to chiic xuat khau da thuc hien cap mot khoan tin dung thuang mai chongudi nhap khau Phuang thiic thanh toan nay chira dung nhieu nii ro Do vay,thong thudng phuang thiic nay chi ap dung trong thanh toan giua hai dan vi co quan
he buon ban thudng xuyen va tin cay Ian nhau
2.2.4Phuong thiic giao chiing tir nhan tien (Cad — cod) (Cash againstdocuments) - (Cash on deliver)
Phuang thiic CAD la phuang thiic thanh toan ma trong do to chiic nhap khautren ca sd hap dong mua ban yeu cau ngan hang ben xuat khau mo cho minh mottai khoan tin thac de thanh toan tien cho to chuc xult khau khi nha xuat khlu xulttrinh day du chiing tir theo diing thda thuan
Trang 20SVTH: To Thi Xuan HongTrang 8
Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuong mai c6 phin Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
2.2.5 Phmrtig thirc tin dung chung tu (Letter of credit - L/C)
a) Dinh nghia
Tin dung chiing tu la phuong thiic thanh toan trong do mot Ngan hang (Nganhang mo thu tin dung) theo yeu ciu cua khach hang (ngudd xin md thu tin dung)cam ket se tra mot so tien nhat dinh cho ngpdi thu hudng hoac chajD nhan hoi phieu
do ngudi nay ky phat trong pham vi so tien do neu ngudi nay xuat trinh dupe bochung tCr thanh toan phu hop vdi nhtrng quy dinh neu ra trong thu tin dung
b) Cdc ben tham gia
-Ngudi xin md L/C (Applicant): thong thudng la ngudi mua hay to chuc nhap
khau.
-Ngudi hudng lai (Beneficiary ): la ngudi ban hay ngudi xuat khau hang hda.-Ngan hang md hay ngan hang phat hdnh thu tin dung (The Issuing bank): langan hang phuc vu ngudi nhap khau, d ben nude ngudi nhap khau, cung cap tindung cho nha nhap khau va la ngan hang thudng duac hai ben nhap khau va xuatkhiu thda thuan, ltra chpn va dupe quy dinh trong hop ddng thuong mai Ndu chua
cd quy dinh trudc ngudi nhap khau cd quyen lira chpn
-Ngan hang thong bdo thic tin dung (The Advising bank): la ngan hang phuc vungudi xuat khau, thong bao cho ngudi xuat khau biet thu tin dung da md Nganhang nay thudng d nude ngudi xult khiu va cd thi la ngan hang chi nhanh hoac dai
ly cua ngan hang phat hanh thu tin dung
Ngoai ra, con cd:
-Ngan hang xdc nhan (The Confirming bank): la ngan hang xac nhan trachnhiem cua minh se cung ngan hang md thu tin dung, bao dam viec tra tien chongudi xuat khau trong trudng hop ngan hang md thu tin dung khdng du kha nangthanh toan Ngan hang xac nhan cd the la ngan hang thong bao L/C hoac mot nganhang khac do ngudi xuat khau yeu cau, thudng la ngan hang Idn, cd uy tin tren thitrudng tin dung va tai chinh quoc te
-Ngan hang thanh toan (The Paying bank): cd the la ngan hang md thu tin dunghoac la ngan hang khac dupe ngan hang md thu tin dung chi dinh thay minh thanhtoan tra tien hay chidt khiu hdi phidu cho ngudi xuit khau
-Ngan hang thuang luang (The Negotiating bank): la ngan hang dung ra thuonglupng bo chiing tu va thudng cung la ngan hang thong bao L/C Trudng hop L/Cquy dinh thuang lupng to do thi bat ky ngan hang nao cung la ngan hang thuonglupng Tuy nhien, cung cd trudng hop L/C quy dinh thuong lupng tai mot nganhang nhit dinh
-Ngan hang chuyen nhuang (The transfering bank), Ngan hang chi dinh (Thenominated bank), Ngan hang hodn tra (The reimbursing bank), Ngan hang doi tien(The claiming bank), Ngan hang chap nhan (The accepting bank), Ngan hang
Trang 21Trang 9
SVTH: To Thi Xuan Hong
(10)Ngan hang md L/C trich tai khoan va bao ng cho ngudi nhap khau
(11)Ngudi nhap khau xem xet chip nhan tra tien va ngan hang md L/C trao bochung tir de ngudi nhap khau cd thi nhan hang
d) Thirtindttng
Thu tin dung la mot buc thu (thuc chit la mot van ban) do ngan hang lap theoyeu cau cua nha nhap khau (ngudi md thu tin dung) cam kit tra tiln cho nha xultkhau (ngudi thu hudng) vdi dieu kien nha xult khau xult trinh bo chdng tir phu hgpvdi dieu khoan va dieu kien da ghi trong thu tin dung
Hinh 2.5: Quy trinh thanh loan theophuong thiec tin dung chimg tie
(1)Ngudi xuat khau va ngucri nhap khiu ky ket hop dong ngoai thuong
(2)Ngucd nhap khiu lam thu tuc yeu ciu ngan hang mo L/C mof L/C cho nguoi'xuat khau thu hudng
(3)Ngan hang md L/C md L/C theo yeu cau cua ngtrdi nhap khau va chuyenL/C sang ngan hang thong bao de bao cho ngudi xuat khau biet
(4)Ngan hang thong bao L/C thong bao cho ngudi xuat kh^u biet rang L/C da
md.
(5)Dua vao noi dung cua L/C, ngudi xait khau giao hang cho ngudi nhap khau(6)Ngudi xuat khau sau khi giao hang lap bo chung tir thanh toan gui vao nganhang thong bao de dugc thanh toan
(7)Ngan hang thong bao chuydn bo chung tit thanh toan sang ngan hang mdL/C de ngan hang md L/C xem xet tra tiSn
(8)Ngan hang md L/C sau khi kilm tra bg chung tir n8u thiy phu hgp thi trich
ti6n chuyen sang ngan hang thong bao d8 ghi cd cho ngudi thu hudng N6ukhong phu hgp thi tir choi thanh khoan
(9)Ngan hang thong bao ghi cd va bao cd cho ngudi xult khlu
Ngudi xuat khau
(4)
(7)
(6) (9)
(8)
(5)Ngufri nhap khau
(10) (11)
c) Quy trinh nghiep v^
Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thucrng mai c6 phln Ngoai thucrng Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang-giai doan 2010-2012
Trang 22SVTH: To Thi Xuan H6ng.Trang 10
Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua Mat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuong mai
cd phan Ngoai thuong Viet Nam- chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
e) Cdc loai thu tin dung thong dung
^ Thu tin dung co the huy ngang (Revocable L/C): la mot L/C ma mo L/C va tochuc nhap khiu co the sura ddi, bd sung hoiic huy bo bat cti luc nao ma khong canbao trudc cho ngudi hudng lpi L/C Loai thtr tin dung duqc My ngang it duqc sudung, bdi vi L/C co the huy bo chi la lai Ma tra tien chii khong phai la sir cam ket
*S^ Thu tin dung khong the huy ngang (Irrevocable letter of credit): La mot loaithu tin dung ma Ngan hang mo L/C phai chiu trach nhiem thanh toan tiln cho to.chuc xuit khau trong thai gian hieu lire cua L/C, khong co quyen dan phuang tur ysua doi hay My bo thu tin dung do Loai L/C khong the My bo bao dam quyen loicho ben xuit khiu va hien nay dang duqc stir dung pho bien
^t Thu tin dying khong huy ngang co xdc nhan (Confirmed Irrevocable letter ofcredit): La loai thu tin dung khong My ngang va duqc mot Ngan hang khac uy tinhan dung ra bao dam viec tra ti^n theo thu tin dung do cimg vdi Ngan hang ma L/C.Digu do co'nghia la Ngan hang xac nhan chiu trach nhiem thanh toan tien cho ngudixuit khiu, neu nhu Ngan hang md thu tin dung khong tra tien duqc (vi du nhuNgan hang md L/C bi pha san, mit kha nang chi tra Do do L/C nay quyen Iqi cua
td chuc xuit khiu duqc bao dam han
^t Thu tin dung khong the huy ngang va khong duac truy doi (Irrevocablewithout recourse letter of credit): La loai L/C khong the My bo trong do qui dinhNgan hang md L/C sau khi da thanh toan cho t6 chtic xuit khiu khong duqc quyintruy doi lai tien vdi bat cu trudng hop nao Khi su dung loai L/C nay, to chiic xuat
khiu khi ky phat hdi phiiu phai ghi cau "khong duqc truy doi lai tien ngudi ky
phat" (without recourse to drawers)
it Thu tin dung tudn hodn (Revoling L/C): La loai L/C khong the My bo trong doqui dinh rang khi L/C sir dung het kim ngach hoac sau khi het han hieu lire cua L/Cthi no lai tu dqng co gia tri nhu cu va cti nhu vay L/C tuin Man din khi nao Mantat tri gia hop dong Loai L/C tuan Man nay duqc ap dung trong trudng hop hai benxuat khau va nhap khau cd quan he thudng xuyen va doi tuqng thanh toan khongthay doi Khi ap dqng L/C tuan Man, to chiic nhap khau cd Iqi d hai diem ldn:khong bi dong von, giam duqc phi ton do viec md L/C Thu tin dung tuan Manduqc chia thanh 2 loai:
•L/C tuan hoan co tich luy: La loai L/C cho phep chuyen kim ngach cua L/Ctrudc vao L/C sau va cii nhu vay cho den L/C cuoi cimg Dieu do cd nghta latrong thai han hieu luc cua L/C, ti chuc xuit khiu vi ly do ky thuat nao do
ma khong thqc hien duqc du so luqng, gia tri tren L/C thi qua L/C ke tiep tochuc xuat khau cd the tiep tuc giao hang ke ca phan so luqng tren L/C trudcchua thuc hien chuyen qua
•L/C tuan hoan khong tich luy: La loai L/C tuan Man khong cho phepchuyen so du cua L/C trudc vao L/C sau
Trang 23Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dpng thanh toan qudc tl tai ngan hang thtrcrag mai
co phan Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai (loan 2010 - 2012
Ngoai ra L/C tuan hoan con co the chia lam 3 each tuan hoan:
•L/C tuan hoan tu dpng: co nghia la L/C trade het thai han thi L/C sau tudpng co gia tri ma khdng can sir thong bao cua ngan hang md L/C
" L/C tuan hoan khong ttr dpng: cd nghia la L/C tuan hoan sau mudn cd giatri phai cd sir thong bao ciia ngan hang md L/C
•L/C tuan hoan ban tu dpng: cd nghia la neu sau ngay ke tir ngay L/C tradehet thai han hieu lire hoac da stir dung hit kim ngach L/C ma khong cd y kienthong bao nao cua Ngan hang md L/C thi duang nhien L/C sau do cd gia tri
" L/C goc khong cho phep chuyen nhuppg
•Khi cac chung ttr cln cd cua L/C goc khong trung khdp vdi cac chtrng tucua L/C thu hai
•Ngudi trung gian muon bi mat mot so thong tin
Khi ap dung L/C giap lung cSn thda man mot so dieu kien sau:
•Hai thu tin dung giap lung phai thong qua mot ngan hang true tiep phuc vp
to chiic xuat khau.
•So tien L/C thu nhat phai ldn han hoac bang kim ngach L/C thu hai (L/Cgiap lung) To chuc xuat nhap khau trung gian hudng chenh lech nay
•L/C thii nh^t ( L/C gdc) phai dupe md sdm han L/C thu hai.
^t Thu tin dung doi icng (Reciprocal L/C): La loai L/C khong the huy bd trong doqui dinh no chi cd gia tri hipu luc khi L/C khac doi ling vdi no dupe md ra Dieu do
cd nghia la to chiic xuat khau khi nhan dupe L/C do to chiic nhap khau md thi phai
md lai L/C tuang ling thi no mdi cd gia tri Loai L/C doi ling dupe su dpng khi giiiahai ben xuat nhap khau cd quan he thanh toan tren ca sd thanh toan hang doi hanghoac gia cong Neu trong gia cdng, thi L/C de nhap thanh pham se la L/C tra ngay,L/C nhap nguyen lieu la L/C tra cham
^t Thu tin dung thanh toan cham (Deferredpayment L/C): La loai L/C khong thhuy bd trong do qui dinh ngan hang md L/C hay ngan hang xac nhan L/C cam kdtvdi ngudi hudng lpi se thanh toan toan bp so tien L/C vao thai han cp thi ghi trenL/C sau khi nhan dupe chung tu va khong cln cd hdi phieu
4s Thu tin dung v&i dieu khoan do (Red clause L/C): La loai thu tin dung cd dieukhoan dat biet, trade day dupe ghi bang muc do d dieu khoan dat biet nay Thongthudng trong dilu khoan dat biet, ngudi md L/C cho phep td chiic xult khiu dupequyen thao khoan trade mot sd tien nhdt dinh trade khi giao hang thay vi ndi mot
SVTH:T6ThiXuanH6ngTrangll
Trang 24SVTH:TdThiXuanHdngTrang 12
Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan qudc te tai ngan hang thuong mai
co phan Ngoai thucmg Viet Nam- chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012
each don gian khi giao hang Vi thS thtr tin dung nay con dtigc goi la thu tin dung
ling trudc.
iSt- Thu tin dung du phong (Stand - by L/C): Be dam bao quyen lgi cho don vinhap khau, trong trudng hop don vi xuat khau khdng giao hang theo dung hopddng, don vi nhap khiu yeu ciu don vi xuit khiu mo mot thu tin dung du phongtrong do qui dinh ring neu don vi xuat khau khong thuc hien hop dong, Ngan hang
md thu tin dung du phong se thanh toan tidn dn bit thiet hai cho dem vi nhap khau.Loai thu tin dung nay cung dugc thuc hien dung qui dinh trong UCP 600
nt Thu tin dung co diiu khoan T/TR (Telegraphic transfer Reimbursement): Laloai thu tin dung thong thudng nhung trong thu co qui dinh cho phep Ngan hangphuc vu ngudi hudng lgi sau khi kiem tra tinh hop 16 cua bb chiing tit, phu hop vdi
nhihig didu kien da qui dinh trong L/C thi dugc phep dien ddi tien Ngan hang md
L/C hay mot Ngan hang chi dinh trong thu tin dung No dugc ap dung trong trudnghop hai ngan hang co mdi quan he than tinh Ian nhau
<^fc Thu tin dung co thi chuyin nhuong dupe (Irrevocable Tranferrable L/C): Laloai L/C khong thi huy ngang trong do qui dinh quyen dugc chuyen nhugng motphan hoac toan bo gia tri L/C cho mot hay nhieu ngudi theo lenh ciia ngudi hudnglgi dau tien Tuy nhien, viec chuyen nhugng chi dugc phep tien hanh mot Ian Do
do no khong the dugc chuyin nhugng theo yeu cau ciia ngudi hudng lgi thu hai chobat ky ngudi hudng lgi thii ba, thii tu nao khac, nghta la chi dugc phep tai chuyennhugng cho ngudi thii nhat trit khi trong L/C co qui dinh khong han che chuyennhugng Trong trudng hop ngudi thii hai khong giao hang hoac khong giao diinghang hay chiing tit khong hoan hao thi ngudi hudng lgi thii nhat phai chiu trachnhiem ve phia ben xuat khau theo hgp dong da ky Chi phi chuyen nhugng do ngudihudng lgi dau tien thanh toan L/C nay dugc sir dung khi mua hang qua cac dai ly,mua hang qua trung gian, hang do cac cong ty con, chi nhanh giao nhung cdng ty
me la ngudi hudng lgi L/C chuydn nhugng phai ghi chu "Tranferrable" tren L/C.j9 Vu, nhuac diem cuaphtrang thuc tin dung-chung tie
^ iTudiim.
K' Ddi vdi ngudi mua
Phuong thiic thanh toan L/C giiip ngudi mua co the md rong ngudn cung caphang hoa cho minh ma khong phai ton thdi gian, cdng siic trong viec tim ddi tac uytin va tin cay Bdi Ie, hau het cac giay td chiing tir deu dugc Ngan hang ddi tac kiemtra va chiu trach nhiem hoan toan ve sai sot nay Ngudi mua dugc dam bao ve mattai chinh rang ben ban giao hang thi mdi phai tra tien hang Ngoai ra, cac khoan kyquy md L/C cung dugc hudng lai theo quy dinh
K* Ddi vdi ngudi ban
Ngudi ban hoan toan dugc dam bao thanh toan vdi bd chiing tu hop le Viecthanh toan khong phu thudc vao nha nhap khau Ngudi ban sau khi giao hang tienhanh lap bd chiing tir phu hgp vdi cac didu khoan cua L/C se dugc thanh toan bit kd
Trang 25SVTH: To Thi Xuan H6ngTrang 13
Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc t tai ngan hang thuong mai
co phan Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012
truong hop ngudi mua khong co kha nang thanh toan Do vay, nha xuat khau se thuhdi von nhanh chdng, khong bi ti dpng vdn trong thai gian thanh toan
K'Doi vai Ngan hang phat hdnh
Thuc Men nghia vu thanh toan nay, Ngan hang thu dupe cac khoan phi thu tuc,ngoai ra, Ngan hang con thu hut dupe mot khoan tiln kha Ion (KM co ky quy) KMthuc hien nghiep vu nay, Ngan hang con thuc Men dupe mot so nghiep vu khac nhu
cho vay xuat khlu, bao lanh, xac nhan, mua ban ngoai te Hon nua, thong qua
nghiep vu nay uy tin va vai tro cua Ngan hang tren thi truong tai cMnh quoc te dupe
cung co va mo rpng.
<=k Nhirffc diem.
Co th ndi, thanh toan theo phuong thiic tin dung chiing tir la Mnh thiic thanhtoan an toan va ph6 bin nhlt trong thuong mai qu6c t Men nay Hinh thiic nay conhiSu uu viet hon h^n cac Mnh thiic thanh toan quoc t6 khac Tuy nhien, no cungkhong tranh khoi nhung nhupc diem
Nhupc diem Ion nhat cua hinh thuc thanh toan nay la quy trinh thanh toan rat ti
mi, may moc, cac ben tien hanh deu rat than trong trong khau lap va kiem tra chiingtir CM can co mot sai sot nho trong viec l^ip va kiem tra chiing tic cung la nguyennhSn de tir choi thanh toan Doi vdi Ngan hang phat hanh, sai sot trong viec kiemtra chiing tir cung dan den hau qua rat Ion
2.3 Vai tro cua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te
Theo Trim ThiXudn Huang (2006):
??? Trong thanh toan quoc te, ngan hang dong vai tro trung gian thanh toan giiipcho qua trinh thanh toan dupe tien hanh an toan nhanh chong tien lpi va giam bod
cM pM thay vi thanh toan bang tien mat Vai sir uy thac cua khach hang, ngan hangkhong chi bao ve quyen lpi cho khach hang trong giao dich thanh toan, ma con tuvan cho khach hang nham tao su an tarn tin tuong va han che nii ro trong quan hegiao dich mua ban va thanh toan voi nude ngoai
Thanh toan khong chi lam tang thu nhap cua ngan hang b5ng nhung khoan pM,hoa hong ma con tao diu kien cho ngan hang tang them nguon von ciia rmnh dokhach hang md tai khoan, hoac ky qui tai ngan hang Dong thai ngan hang co thdthuc Men cac nghiep vu khac nhu: chip nhan hoi pMeu, chiet khau hdi philu, cung
dp tin dung tin dung tai trp, bao lanh thanh toan cho khach hang
Nhu vay thuc Men tot thanh toan quoc te se tao dieu kien phat trien cac nghiep vu
va md rpng quy mo hoat dpng ciia ngan hang, nang cao uy tm cua ngan hang tren
thuang trudng quoc te.
? Thanh toan quoc ti la khau cudi cung ket thiic qua trinh luu thong hang hda,nlu nhu qua trinh thanh toan dupe tiln hanh mot each lien tuc nhanh chong, thuanlpi, gia tri hang hda xuat nhap khlu dupe thuc Men, co tac dung day nhanh tdc dpthanh toan va nang cao hieu qua str dung vdn ciia cac doanh nghiep xult nhap khlu.Ben canh do, thong qua qua trinh giao dich vdi ngan hang tvmg khau trong qua trinh
Trang 26SVTH: Td Thi Xuan HdngTrang 14
Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan qudc te tai ngan hang thirong mai
co phan Ngoai thuong Viet Nam- chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012
thanh toan, ndu doanh nghiep thidu von thi ngan hang se co m^t kip thai tai tra von,
ho tra vd ky thuat thanh toan thong qua vide hudng dan, tu van tan tinh giiip doanhnghiep yuqt qua khd khan va han che thap nhat nhung rui ro trong thanh toan quoc
te co the xay ra.
?Thuc hifn tdt thanh toan qudc td co tac dung khuydn khich cac nha kinh doanhxuat nhap khiu md rdng quy mo hoat dong kinh doanh, gia tang khoi lupng hanghda mua ban, mcr rdng quan he giao dich gitta cac nude vdi nhau
?Thuc hidn tdt thanh toan qudc td co tac dung tap trung va quan ly ngudn ngoai
te trong nude va su dung ngoai ^e mot each co muc dich, cd hieu qua theo ydu caucua ndn kinh td, dong thdi tao didu kidn thuc hidn tdt che dp quan ly ngoai hoi
?Thuc hidn thanh toan quoc te tdt tao dieu kidn thuc hidn va quan ly cd hieuqua hoat dong xuat nhap khiu trong nude theo dung chinh sach ngoai thuang da de
ra.
Vdi cac phuang thiic thanh toan qudc td dd cap d trdn, vide lua chpn phuang thiicnao trong hoat dong thanh toan qudc td cung la mot van dd hdt siic quan trong ddivdi cac Ngan hang thuang mai Hidn nay, cac Ngan hang thuang mai Viet Namthuc hidn hau hdt cac hinh thiic ndu trdn Tuy nhien, xuit phat tir thuc td khach quancung nhu uu nhupc didm ciia tung phuang dnic ma phuang thiic thanh toan theo tindung chiing tir hidn la phuang thiic thanh toan phd bidn tai cac Ngan hang thuang
mai Viet Nam.
2.4 H thong SWIFT
Theo Trdm ThiXuan Huong
(2006):-2.4.1 Sff luge vi he thong SWIFT
Trong giao dich thuang mai qudc td du lua chpn phuang thiic thanh toan D/A,D/P, T/T, M/T, L/C, CAD khi thanh toan ddu thuc hidn thong qua mang ludiSWIFT ciia he thdng ngan hang toan ciu Swift dupe thanh lap vao ngay 3/5/1973vdi y dinh thanh lap trung tarn thdng tin the gidi gdm 259 ngan hang thudc 15 nudetham gia Chinh thuc hoat dpng vao ngay 3/5/1977 dupe td chiic dudi hinh thiiccdng ty cd phan ma muc dich chinh la phat tridn hoat dpng ngan hang the gidi Hdiddng Quan tri gom cd: Chau My 2 thanh vidn, Chau Au 2 thanh vidn, Chau A, ChauPhi va Chau Uc 1 thanh vidn
Vd ca cu ky thuat mang SWIFT gom cd:
-Nhung tram chinh luu dupe trang bi bang may didn toan vdi ph^n mdm thichhop dung dd kidm tra mang ludi va chinh luu Cd 4 tram chinh luu dat tai Bruxelles(Bi) 1 tram, 2 tram tai Ha Lan va 1 tram tai My
-Tram tap trung tin dia phuang dupe trang bi may mdc didn toan vdi chiic nangtap trung luu lupng thdng tin giua nhung ngan hang hdi vidn vdi tram chinh luu.Thdng thucmg mdi nude cd 1 tram, nhung nude nao cd luu lupng thdng tin ldn thi
cd nhidu tram nhu d My cd 4 tram, Anh 3 tram, Phap, Bi, Y, Nhat mdi nude cd 2
Trang 27Ngan hang nude ngoai
Ngan hang nude ngoai
Ngan hang nude ngoai
Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuong mai
c6 phln Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
tram Cac tram nay lien lac vdi tram chinh ltru bang nhftng mach vien thong quoc tehoac blng ve tinh
- Tram ca so cua ngan hang thanh vien trang bi he thdng may tinh vai chiic nangchuyen dien di, nhan dien chuyin din ding thai kim tra cac biic dien va lien he vditram tap trung tin dia phuong thong qua cac ihi^t bi lien lac hien dai Thong thuangcac btic dien ti^p nhan tit nuac ngoai chuy^n d6n c6ng SWIFT chinh cua hoi sa
chinh ngan hang, sau do se duqc chuyen den chi nhanh va ngtrpc lai.
Sit dung he thong SWIFT hoat dong lien tuc 24/24, cac ngay trong tuan vai congsuit 99.7%, moi buc dien chuyen di chi mat vai giay va chi phi thap
Ben canh do viec nhan va chuyin cac bite dien diu duqc ma hoa va cai dat thiet
bi kiim tra tit dong de dam bao an toan, nhanh chong, chinh xac trong cac nghiep
vu thanh toan quoc ti Vdi nhung uu diim tren, he thing SWIFT ngay cang phattriln, co mat khip noi tren thi gidi Tinh den 1995, cd 4.800 to chuc tham giaSWIFT cua 121 qudc gia
Viet Nam duqc mdi tham du he thing SWIFT vao 3/1995 cho din nay, da si cacngan hang thuc hien nghiep vu thanh toan quoc te deu tham gia vao he thongSWIFT
Trang 28SVTH: To Thi Xuan HongTrang 16
Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuong mai
c6 phln Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012
2.4.2 Mot so loai dien SWIFT thong dung
Hien nay, khi thvrc hien thanh toan thong qua mang SWIFT, giao dich giua cacngan hang vdi nhau bang cac dien chuyen di va chuyen den Trong cac giao dichthanh toan xuit nhap khlu b^ng phuorng thtic tin dung chvrng ttr thong thtrcmg baogom cac loai dien thong dung sau:
•MT700:PhathanhL/C
•MT707:TuchinhL/C
•MT 202: Su dung de thanh toan giua cac ngan hang
•MT 400: Thong bao thanh toan
•MT 750: Thong bao bat hop le cho NHNN
•MT 734: Tir ch6i thanh toan cho NHNN vi bo chung tur bit hop le
•MT 799: Thong bao cho NHNN huy L/C
•MT 910: Dien bao co
Trang 29Trang17THIf VIEN
TRL/ONQSAI HOC
AN GiANG SVTH: To Thi Xuan Hdng
3.1 Gioi thieu chi nhanh ngan hang TMCP Ngoai thtrong An Giang
Theo kyyiu 20 ndm (01/10/1991 - 01/10/2011) Vietcombank An Giang:
3.1.1 Lich sir hinh thanh va phdt trim
Thuc hien Quyet dinh so 55/NH-QD ngay 07/05/1991 ciia Th6ng d6c NHNN
Vif t Nam, ngay 01 thang 10 nam 1991 Chi nhanh Ngan hang Ngoai thtrong tinh AnGiang da chinh thtic di vao hoat dong vdi tien than la phong Ngoai hoi trtrc thuocNHNN Chi nhanh tinh An Giang
Bugrc thanh lap va di vao hoat dong rlt som tren dia ban tinh An Giang, nhungnam dau thanh lap, Chi nhanh chi thtrc Men chuc nang cua ngan hang ban buon, chuyeu cho vay, thanh toan xuat nhap khau cua cac khach hang ldn tren dia ban tinh AnGiang Ben nam 2008, Ngan hang Ngoai thuong Viet Nam da chuyen sang mo hinhngan hang TMCP Ngoai thuong Viet Nam Tir do, CM nhanh cung da hoat dongtheo ca che ngan hang TMCP da nang, phat trien cac san pham, dich vu nham dapting vdi moi tniimg hoi nhap kinh te the giai, cung nhu ting pho vai su canh tranhkha quyet liet giua cac TCTB trong va ngoai nude
Tit cho mdi thanh lap chi cd 23 can bo - vien chtic, den nay Chi nhanh dang hoatdong vdi mang ludi 1 chi nhanh va 23 phong giao dich, cd horn 170 can bo, vienchuc phan ldn da qua dao tao va dao tao lai trong thai ky doi mdi, vdi hem 80% can
bo, vien chuc dat trinh do dai hoc va sau dai hoc
Thanh tich to ldn ma Chi nhanh da dat dupe trong 20 nam qua:
Chuang 3 giai thieu sa litac vi qua trinh hinh thanh va phdt trim, sir menh, tarnnhin vdphvang chdm hoat dong cua Vietcombank chi nhanh An Giang, qua do thaydirac vai tro cua Chi nhanh doi vdi suphdt trim tinh An Giang Ngoai ra, con giupngirdi doc Midi qudt dupe tinh hinh hoat dong kinh doanh cua Vietcombank AnGiang trong giai doan 2010 — 2012, ciing nhu phuang hirdng phdt trim maVietcombank An Giang da di ra trong ndm 2013
Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hi?u qua hoat dong thanh toan qu6c te tai ngan hang thuomg mai
cd phan Ngoai thuomg Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
Chirmig 3 GIOITHIEU TONG QUAN VE NGAN HANG THUONG MAI CO PHAN NGOAI THtfONG VIET NAM
- CHI NHANH AN GIANG
Trang 30Mpt s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuamg mai
c6 phan Ngoai thuong Vi^t Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
-CM tich rnrdc khen thudng "Huan chucmg lao dpng hang nhi" cho Chi nhanh
(2006-2010).
-Chu tjch UBND tinh An Giang khen tang 2 blng khen ( 1 blng khen cho Tapthe chi nhanh dat Doanh nghiep xuat sac tieu bieu va 1 bang khen cho Doanh nhan
xuat sac tieu bieu).
-Ben canh nhung thanh tich dat dirgrc, trong nam 2010-2011 Bang bo Nganhang TMCP Ngoai thucmg chi nhanh An Giang luon dupe Bang liy cap tren congnhan: trong sach, viing manh, Cong doan ca sd vung manh, Boan uy dupe Bang uykhoi Boanh nghiep khen thudng xuat sac toan dien
Trang 31S VTH: To Thi Xuan HongTrang 19
Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuong mai
co phin Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012
3.1.2Si'cmang, tarn nliin va phuong chain hoat dong
-Sii mang: Ngan hang hang dau vi Viet Nam thinh vuong
-Tim nhin: Den nam 2030 trd thanh Tap doan tai chinh da nang hung manh,ngang tlm vdi cac Tap doan tai chinh Ion trong khu vuc
-Phuang cham hoat dong: luon dat minh vao vi tri doi tac de thau hieu, chia se
va giai quyet tot nhat cong viec
3.1.3Vai trb cua chi nhdnh ngan hang ngoai thuong An Giang doi vdi suphdttrien cua tinh
Trong hon 20 nam hoat dong va trudng thanh, Ngan hang TMCP Ngoai thuongViet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang da co nhtrng dong gop quan trong vao su nghiepdlu tu phat trien kinh te - xa hoi dia phuong trong b6i canh n^n kinh td chuyln d6itir ca che ke hoach hoa tap trung sang co che kinh tg thi truong dinh hudng xa hoichu nghia Dae biet trong nhirng nam gin day, cupc khung hoang tai chinh, tign te
da tac dong true tigp din nin kinh tg nuoc ta thi trong moi tinh huing, Chi nhanhluon co gang thuc hign hoan thanh xuat sac nhiem vu duoc giao nhu: cung vai cacTCTD trgn dia ban trign khai, thuc hign cac giai phap kich cau dau tu va tigu dung,kigm soat lam phat a miic hop ly; tich cue tham gia dau tu vao cac chuang trinhkinh tg trong digm cua tinh vg luang thuc, thuy san xuat khau, kinh tg bign giai; tu
su gia tang cac nguon von, qua viec phan bo va su dyng chung mot each co hieuqua, Chi nhanh da dong gop xuygn suot vao su phat trign kinh tg - xa hoi, giai quygtcong an viec lam cho hang ngan lao dong tai dia phuang, da tac dong tich cue dgntang truong, chuygn dich ca cau kinh tg, gia tang xuat khau va tang tich luy cua ngn
kinh tg tinh nha
Nhung dong gop do da tao ngn nigm tin d6i vdi nganh, clp Uy, chinh quygn diaphuang, nigm tin trong long khach hang Do cung la digu kien, tign dg de Chi nhanhphat trign vuat b^c vg quy mo, chit luang va hieu qua; tu do dong gop tich cue vaoqua trinh thuc day cac thanh phln kinh tg phat trign, dly manh viec md rpng quy
mo, doi tuong cung ling cac san phlm dich yu mdi, cac san phlm dich vu tien ich
ngan hang tap trung huy dong cac ngudn v6n nhan ri ciia cac t6 chiic, ca nhan de
dau tu von vao cac san phlm chii luc; gop phln tich cue vao qua trinh dlu tu, phattrign kinh tg - xa hoi cua dia phuang
Trang 32Trang 20SVTH: To Thi Xuan Hong
Bieu do 3.1: Kit qua hoat dong cua Vietcombank An Giang (2010 - 2012)Tir bieu do 3.1 tren, mac du doanh thu va chi phi deu tang qua cac nam nhung loinhuan cua Chi nhanh van lien tuc tang, cho thay hoat dong kinh doanh cua Chinhdnh ngay cang phat triin Cp the tir nam 2010 din 2012, loi nhuan tang lien tuc tir53,31 ty ding nam 2010 len din 82,9 ty ding vao nam 2012
Nam 2010, nen kinh te toan cau du da thoat khoi khdng hoang nhung van chuahoan toan hoi phuc Trong boi canh van con kho khan do, Vietcombank An Giang
da kien tri bam sat dien bien thi truong, tan dung moi ca hoi kinh doanh, thuc hientot viec chon lpc khach hang de nang cap chat luorng tin dung, ket hop vdi viec thuchien tot cac dich vu ngan hang di kem de tang nguon thu dich vu nen da thu ve m^clai nhuan la 53,31 ty dong
Nam
2012 2011
30 2012/2011
17,8063,3556,84
2011 / 2010
So sanh (%)
82,90
677,60 760,50
2012
62,80522,20585,00
2011
53,31319,69373,00
M6t so giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thucmg mai
c6 phan Ngoai thuong Vi^t Nam — chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-20123.2 Kit qua hoat dong kinh doanh tu nam 2010 den 2012
Bang 3.1: Kit qua hoat dong cua Vietcombank An Giang (2010 - 2012)
Trang 33SVTH:Td Thi Xuan HongTrang21
Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat ddng thanh toan qudc t tai ngan hang thucmg mai
co phan Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
Nam 2011, he thdng ngan hang Viet Nam gap khdng it khd khan nhtr: no xautang cao, tinh (rang thanh khoan cang thing, lai suit, ty gia va gia vang bien dongphuc tap, chinh sach giam trin lai suit, kidm soat chat che quy mo va chat luang tindung, ding thai didu chinh ca ciu tin dung theo chi dao cua Ngan hang nha nude dalam cho Chi nhanh gap kho khan trong vide thu hiit tien guri bang Viet Nam dong vakhien ngudn cung tien ra thi trudng han che Tuy nhidn vdi su doan kdt nhat tri vaquydt tam cao cua tap the lanh dao va can bo nhan vien va vdi su tin nhiem cuangudi dan, Chi nhanh cung da hoan thanh chi tieu dat ra Tinh den cuoi thang12/2011, tong lqi nhuan cua Chi nhanh la 62,8 ty ddng, tang 17,8% so vdi nam
2010 va dat 107% so vdi ki hoach
Nam 2012 la mot nam kho khan cua nganh ngan hang, trong si 61 TCTD trendia ban tmh An Giang thi cd khoang 15 TCTD am lai nhuan va khoang 95% khonghoan thanh ki hoach ca nam Nhan thuc tmh hinh kho khan, ngay tu dauVietcombank An Giang da ap dung linh hoat va ddng bp cac giai phap de khai thactdi da cac dich vu cd the manh cua minh nhu: dich vu chuyen tien, thanh toan qudc
te, the, Cho nen Chi nhanh ludn hoan thanh nhiem vu de ra Tong kri nhuan cudi
nam dat 82,9 ty ddng, tang 32,01 % so vdi nam 2011
3.3 Phinmg hudng phat triin nam 2013
77ieo bdo cao Hoi nghi tong kit hoat dong nam 2012 va triin khai ki hoach nam
2013 tai Vietcombank An Giang:
Trong xu hudng sip tdi, ndn kinh td qudc td va Viet Nam con trong thai ky khdiphuc va phat trien sau cudc khung hoang kinh te, do vay Chi nhanh se hoat ddngtheo hudng an toan, hieu qua va phat tridn bdn vung, ddng thai theo ddi, thuc thicac giai phap cua ngSn hang cap tren nham khac phuc kho khan, dieu chinh cdng tacquan ly, dieu hanh cho phu hop va hieu qua han
-Cdng tac huy ddng vdn: la nhiem vu trong tam hang dau
-Cdng tac tin dung: Tang trudng an toan, chat luang va hieu qua
-Nang cao chat luang hoat ddng dich vu, giu vttng thi phin
-Tang cudng cdng tac kiem tra, giam sat va kiem toan.
-Chii trong dao tao va quan ly nhan su.
-Chii trong quan 1^ tai chinh, tidt kiem chi phi hoat ddng, kinh doanh
Mot so chi tieu kd hoach trong nam 2013:
•Huy ddng: 2.245 ty dong, tang g^n 35% so vdi nam 2012
•Cho vay: 4.279 ty ddng, tang gin 30% so vdi nam 2012
•Kim ngach thanh toan xuit nhap khiu: tren 348 trieu USD, tang gin 30% sovdi nam 2012
•Lpi nhuan: 103 ty ddng, tang gin 24% so vdi nam 2012
Trang 34Trang 22SVTH: To Thi Xuan Hong
(Nguon: Bdo cao Tong ketphbng Thanh toan quoc te - Vietcombank chi nhdnh
An Giang)
La mot ngan hang co the manh la phuc vu hoat dong ngoai thuong nen hoat dongthanh toan quoc te cua Vietcombank kha phat trien so vdi cac ngan hang khac trendia ban Co the thay qua bang 4.1 tren, tong doanh s6 thanh toan qu6c tg cua Chinhanh tang lien tuc tir nam 2010 - 2012
? Nam 2010: Kinh te dang din h6i phuc sau 1 nam khung hoang, thi tnrong ngoai
te da dan on dinh, ngudn cung ngoai te duoc cai thien dang kl So vdi nam 2009,
20,3527,61
(28,57) 40
2012/2010
3,733,01
2012
MM
268 166 43 59
231 134 42 55
4.1 Tong quan vi hoat dong thanh toan quoc te
4.1.1 Doanh so cdcphuang thuc thanh toan qu6c te tic 2010 - 2012
Doi v6i dich vu thanh toan quoc te, Vietcombank An Giang hien cung cap cacphuong thiic thanh toan nhtr: Tin dung chiing tvr (L/C), nho thu (collection) vachuyen tien bang dien (T/T)
Bang 4.1: Doanh so thanh toan quoc te cua Vietcombank An Giang (2010
-2012)
Chuang 4 se trlnh bay ve thuc trqng boat dong thanh toan quoc te tai Chi nhanhgiai doan 2010 - 2012 thong qua baphuang thuc: chuyen tien, nha thu va tin dungchung tic Qua ddnh gid nhicng mat dqt dupe va nhieng hqn chi trong qua trinh thucMen, se la thong tin hieu ich cho viec xdy dung cdc giai phap phdt trien dich vu naytai Chi nhdnh trong thai gian tai
Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuong mai
co phan Ngoai thucrng Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012
Chiroug 4 THUC TI^ANG HOAT DONG THANH TOAN QUOC
TE TAI NGAN HANG THlTONG MAI CO PHAN NGOAI THlTONG VIET NAM - CHI NHANH AN GIANG GIAI DOAN
2010-2012
Trang 35S VTH: To Thi Xuan HongTrang 23
Nam 2010Nam 2011Nam 2012
te cua Chi nhanh, con L/C chi chiem khoing 25% Nguyen nhan do cic hop dongngoai thuong tren dia bin tinh phan ldn la gia tri khong cao vi thi trudng xuat nhap
Mot s6 giai phip nang cao hieu qua hoat dong thanh toin quoc tg tai ngan hang thuong mai
co phan Ngoai thirorng Viet Nam- chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
tong doanh so thanh toin xuat nhap khau tai Vietcombank An Giang nam 2010 cochieu hudng tang nhe, dat 231 trieu USD, tang 1,32% so vdi nam 2009 cung ydi s\rdinh gia cao ctia cac to chiic quoc te binh chqn Vietcombank la "Ngan hang tot nhatViet Nam" tren nhieu lihh vuc hoat dong: quhn ly tien mat, kinh doanh ngoai hoi,
tai trq thirong mai.
?Nam 2011: Day la mot nam nganh ngan hang phii doi mat vdi nhieu khd khan,thu thich Ion nhu nq xiu tang cao, thanh khoan cang thing d mot so ngan hang, laisuit, ty gia va gia vang bien dong phuc tap Tuy nhien, Chi nhanh tiep tuc khangdinh dan dau ve hoat dong thanh toan quoc te vdi doanh so thanh toan dat 268 trieuUSD, tang 16,02% so vdi nam 2010
?Sang nam 2012: Tinh hinh kinh ti thS gidi va trong nude nhieu bat on, viec quydinh han che doi vdi cac doi tuqrng cho va^ nhap khiu ciia Nha nude da gay khong
it khd khan cho hoat dong thanh toan xuat nhap khau ndi chung Tuy nhien, vdinhung lqi thd vh thuong hieu, sin pham va ngudn nhan luc cd chat luqng cao, hoatdong thanh toan xuat nhap khau cua Vietcombank An Giang van duy tri duqc datang trudng va giu vi tri dung dau tren dia ban Ket qua la, nam 2012 doanh sothanh toan quoc tS qua Vietcombank dat 278 trieu USD, tang 3,73% so vdi namtrudc Tuy nhien, miic tang nay van thap horn so vdi nam 2011
Trang 36Tan dung th^ mpnh vg thuong hieu va kinh nghiem hoat dpng lau nam trong lihhvuc thanh toan xufit nhap khiu tren dia ban, cho nen ben canh nhung kho khan vathach thiic trong nam 2012, Chi nhanh van giu dupe su tang truong trong nguon phidich vu vai t6ng thu phi dich vu thanh toan qu6c tg dat 4,5 ty ddng va ngay cang taodupe uy tin, nigm tin trong long khach hang.
; (%)
4.5001.153,58
1 \trong
(%)
4.3101.119,941.344,831.845,23
l>
trong(%)
3.750
716,37
1.313,501.720,13
Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dpng thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuong mai
co phan Ngoai thuong Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010-2012
khau cua cac doanh nghiep tren dia ban da phan la quen thupc va co moi quan he ondinh lau dai
4.1.2 Phithu dich vu thanh todn quoc te tit 2010 - 2012
Song song voi viec thuc hien cac nghiep vu TTQT do la hoat dpng thu phi dich
vu TTQT Nhung khoan thu phi nay tuy la khong dang kg so vai doanh so thuc hiennhung cung da dong gop mot phdn vao ngudn thu nhap h^ng nam cua Chi nhanh.Bang 4.2: Phi thu dich vu cua cac phuong thtrc TTQT tai Vietcombank An
' Giang (2010-2012)
Trang 37Trang 25
SVTH:T6ThiXuanH6ng
Nam 2011
• L/C • Collection a T/TBieu do 4.3: T trong phi thu cua cac phuwng thirc TTQT tai Vietcombank An
Giang (2010-2102)
Qua bieu do 4.3 tren thay dupe tin dung chiing tut la phuong thiic thanh toandong gop chu yeu vao nguqn thu phi TTQT cho Vietcomb^k An Giang, chi^m gin50% t6ng thu phi TTQT tir 2010 - 2012 Mac du doanh s6 thanh toan cua phuongthuc chuyen tien chiem Ion nhat (Quan sat tir bieu do 4.1) nhung phi thu tir dich vunay thi lai chiem nho nhat, khoang 24% trong tong thu phi TTQT Nguyen nhan la
do phi thu cua dich vu chuyen tien rat thap, dac biet dich vu chuyen tien den conduqc miln phi doi vdi trucrng harp la tiSn mat VND, ti^n mat la USD voi ngu6n tiSntir nude ngoai giii ve tren 10 ngay, tien mat la EUR va cac ngoai te khac vdi nguon
Nam 2012 Nam 2010
Bieu do 4.2: Phi thu dich vu cua cac phmmg thiic TTQT tai Vietcombank An
' Giang (2010-2012)Nhin chung, phi thu cua hai phuong thuc chuyen tien va L/C deu tang lien tucqua cac nam Trong do, phuomg tluic L/C tang tit 1.720,13 trieu dong nam 2010 lenden 2.408,18 trieu d6ng nam 2012 con phutmg thiic chuy^n tien thi tang tit 716,37trieu dong nam 2010 len den 1.153,58 trieu dong nam 2012 Trong khi do, phucrngthuc nha thu lai co xu huong giam, cu the nam 2010 phi thu la 1.313,5 trieu dong,sang nam 2011 phi thu chi tang nhe len 1.344,83 trieu dong nhung den nam 2012 laigiam xuong chi con 938,25 trieu dong, thap hon ca nam 2010
2012 2011
1.119,94
—-^
1 3^4 R3 1.845,23,-
Mgt so giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dgng thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thuomg mai
co phan Ngoai thucmg Viet Nam — chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
Trang 38Trang 26
SVTH:T6TMXuanH6ng
(Nguon: Tong hop tir Bieu phi cua Vietcombank, Vietinbank, Eximbank)Nhin chung, phi dich vu thanh toan qu6c t cua Vietcombank An Giang kha canhtranh Cac mire phi d^u tuomg duomg hoac thlp hon so voi mot so ngan hang trencimg dia ban nhu Vietinbank va Eximbank - hai ngan hang co th^ manh trong thanhtoan xuat nhap khau Dae biet d6i vdi dich vu chuyen tien den con duqc mien phi.Tuy nhien, ben canh do, d6i vdi phi thanh toan nhd thu gui di nude ngoai vin concao hem, dieu nay mot mat anh hudng dgn lai the canh tranh cua Chi nhanh ndichung va doanh so thanh toan nhd thu ndi rieng
Trong tinh hinh canh tranh gay gat Men nay, cac ngan hang tren dia ban chay duacung cap cac san pham khong may khac biet so vdi cac ngan hang khac thi chinhsach phi se la yeu to quan trong trong quyet dinh lua chpn cua khach hang Do do,
CM nhanh can xem xet lai de cd chinh sach phi linh hoat horn de tao ra uu the, giuchan khach hang tot hom
Vietcombank
Thanh toan L/C nhap khdu
Thanh toan L/C xudt khdu
Thu tin dung (%/tri gid BCT thanh
toan)
Nhd thu nude ngoai gin den
Nhd thu gin di nude ngoai
Nhd thu (%/tri gid nhd thu)
Chuyen tien denChuyen tien di
Chuyln tien (%/trigid bdo co)
Phiiffng thuc .
Mot s6 giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat (long thanh toan quoc te tai ngan hang thucrng mai
co phln Ngoai thuomg Viet Nam - chi nhanh An Giang giai doan 2010 - 2012
tiSn tu nude ngoai gui vk tren 30 ngay Tit do lam cho phi thu ciia phuong thticchuyen tin thip hon so vdi hai phtrong thuc con lai
Nhin chung, tuy doanh so thanh toan cua phuong thuc tin dung chung tit nhd hon
so vdi phuong thuc chuyen tien nhung day la phuong thuc mang lai thu nhap caonhat cho Chi nhanh, do do Chi nhanh can phai chu trong phat trien nhieu hem ntia
phuomg thuc nay.
Bang 4.3: Bieu phi dich vu thanh toan quoc te cua Vietcombank so voi
Vietinbank va Eximbank An Giang
Trang 3931,37
Tuong doi(%)
7 4 (13) 16
Tuorng doi(%)
40 33 1 6
247 156 40 51 2011
207 123 39 45 2010
So tien (Trieu USD)
Bieu do 4.4: Thi phan kirn ngach thanh toan xuat nhap khau binh quan (2010
-2012) cua Vietcombank An Giang so vdi toan tinh
Tuy hang nam thi phln thanh toan qu6c te cua Chi nhanh deu tang dan nhung giatri kim ngach thanh toan xuat nhdp khau van con chiem ty trpng rat thap Idioang32% so vdi tong kim ngach thanh toan xufit nhap khdu tren dia ban cho thay Chinhanh chua khai thac that hieu qua het tiem nang cua thi tnrdng nay
4.2 Tinh hinh thanh toan hang hoa xuat khau
Bang 4.4: Doanh so thanh toan hang xuat khau ciia Vietcombank An Giang
4.1.3 Tin phan kirn ngach thanh toan xuat nhap khdu cua Vietcombank An
Giang so v6i toan tinh.
Nliin chung, kirn ngach vS thanh toan xuit nhap khiu tai Vietcombank An Giang
la kha cao so vdi cac ngan hang khac tren dia ban, tuy nhien so vdi tiem nang cuathi truong xuat nhap khau cua tinh An Giang tin van chua tucmg xung