UNIT 4 - dành cho hs yếu

UNIT 4: LEARNING A FOREIN LANGUAGUE (Học ngoại ngữ ) foreign adj (thuộc về) nước Foreign language foreigner to examine N V Ngoại ngữ Người nước Kiểm tra, hỏi thi -> examiner N Giám khảo -> examinee = candidate to go on = continue aspect N to attend 23 fee N Lệ phí, học phí 24 institute N Viện, học viện 25 look forward to + n / V-ing 26 to state V Nói rõ, phát biểu, tun bố Thí sinh 27 to supply V Cung cấp, tiếp tế, đáp ứng V Tiếp tục -> supply N Nguồn cung cấp, tiếp tế N Mặt, khía cạnh 28 polite # impolite Adj V Tham gia, tham dự -> politely Adv Lịch sự, lễ phép # Bất lịch sự, vô lễ Một cách lịch terrible Adj Khủng khiếp, ghê tởm -> terribly Adv Rất, tệ oral Adj Nói miệng (không viết) N Ký thi vấn đáp -> oral examination -> written examination to award V Thưởng, tặng scholarship N Học bổng 10 to persuade V Thuyết phục -> persuasion N -> persuasive adj Sự thuyết phục bị thuyết phục Có sức thuyết phục 11 dormitory N Ký túc xá, nhà tập thể 12 campus N 13 reputation N 14 scenery N Khuôn viên (trường đại học) Sự danh, danh tiếng Phong cảnh, cảnh vật 15 intermediate ( level) 16 advanced (level) 17 well-qualified adj adj 18 course N 19 advertisement N -> to advertise V Sự quảng cáo, mẩu quảng cáo Thông báo, quảng cáo 20 tuition N Học phí, dạy kèm 21 edition N Lần xuất bản, in 22 detail N Chi tiết -> to detail V Mô tả đầy đủ, chi tiết -> politeness Trông chờ, mong đợi N Kỳ thi viết adj Trình độ trung cấp Trình độ nâng cao, cao cấp Đủ trình độ chun mơn Khóa học UNIT 4: LEARNING A FOREIN LANGUAGUE Cử lịch sự, hành động lễ phép I/ NEW WORDS experience (n,v): kinh nghiệm, kinh qua have experience in doing s.th: có kinh nghiệm việc experienced (adj): có kinh nghiệm inexperienced (adj): thiếu kinh nghiệm inexperience (n): thiếu kinh nghiệm qualify (v): đủ trình độ qualification (n): trình độ well-qualified (for) (adj): có trình độ cao exact (adj): xác exactly (adv): cách xác inexact (adj): khơng xác terrible (adj): tồi tệ terribly (adv) exam (n): kỳ thi examination (n): kỳ thi examine (v): khám xét, khám bệnh examiner (n): giám khảo, người giám xét examinee (n): thí sinh approximate (adj): xấp xỉ approximately (adv) repute (n): danh tiếng reputation (n): danh tiếng expense (n): chi tiêu expensive (adj): mắc tiền inexpensive (adj): không tốn nhiều tiền expensively (adv): tốn tiền inexpensively (adv): không tốn nhiều tiền agree (v): đồng ý agreement (n): đồng ý, thỏa thuận disagree (v): không đồng ý disagreement (n): không đồng ý 10 improve (v): cải thiện, tiến improvement (n): tiến 11 advertise (v): quảng cáo advertisement = advert (n): mẩu quảng cáo advertiser (n): người đăng quảng cáo 12 inform (v): thông báo information (n): thông tin informative (adj): cung cấp nhiều thông tin misinform (v): thông báo sai 13 edit (v): biên tập edition (n): ấn bản, đợt phát hành (báo, tạp chí) editor (n): biên tập viên editorial (adj): thuộc biên tập 14 award (n/v): Thưởng, giải thưởng 15 attend (v): tham gia attendance (n): tham gia, tham dự attendant (a): có tham gia 16 persuade (v): thuyết phục persuasion (n): thuyết phục persuasive (a): có tính thuyết phục persuasively (adv): cách thuyết phục dissuade (v): can ngăn, ngăn cản 17 publish (v) : xuất publisher (n): nhà xuất publishing (n): Cv xuát bản, nghề xuất published (a): xuất unpublished (a): không xuất 18 polite (a): lịch politeness (n); lịch politely (adv): cách lịch impolite (a): bất lịch impolitely (adv); cách bất lịch 19 express (v): diễn đạt, phát biểu ý kiến expression (n): biểu lộ, diễn cảm, phát biểu expressive (a): co ý nghĩa, đầy diễn cảm expressively (adv): cách ý nghĩa, diễn cảm 20 describe (v): miêu tả description (n); miêu tả describable (a): miêu tả descriptive (a): diễn tả, mô tả descriptively (adv): cách diễn tả, mô tả 21 introduce (v): giới thiệu introduction (n): giới thiệu, mở đầu, lời introductive (a): để giới thiệu, mở đầu introductory (a): để giới thiệu, mở đầu 22 advertise (v): quảng cáo advertisement (n): quảng cáo, mẩu quảng cáo advertiser (n); nhà quảng cáo I CONDITIONAL SENTENCE (LOAị 1: Có khả xảy Hiện tại, Tlai Mệnh đề với IF … Mệnh đề S + will / can / may / must + V0 (S + will / can / … + not + V0) S + V0 / Vs / es (S + don’t / doesn’t + V0 ) V0 / please + V0 / don’t + V0 Ví dụ If I have money, I will buy a new car I will buy a new car if I have money If Tam has enough time, he usually walks to school He usually walks to school if Tam has enough time If you hear from Jane, please call me Please call me if you hear from Jane * Lưu ý viết lại câu với IF: - Thường câu có dạng : V0 + …… and + S + will + V0 → If + S + V0 , S + will + V0 Ex: Stand there and you will be safe → If you stand there, you will be safe V0 + … or + S + will + V0 → If + S + don’t/ doesn’t + V0 , S + will + V0 If + S + V0 , S + will + not + V0 Ex: Get out or I will call the police → If you don’t get out, I will call the police If you get out, I will not call the police EXERCISE 1: Use the correct tense of the verb in parentheses: If I see him, I (give) ……………………… him a lift Ice (turn) ……………………… into water ifyou heat it If you see him, (tell) …………………………… to ring me up If you (not believe) …………………………………………… what I sary, ask your mother If you come here, they (not let) ………………………………you in If you (not like) ……………………………………it, I’ll bring you another If tomorrow (be) ………………… Sunday, I won’t get up early Tom (not, open) ……………… the windows if the wind becomes stronger Mary will give you a ring if she (not, work)…………………… this evening 10 If the young man (take) …………………… off his coat, he will get a cold 11 If you sing well, everyone (clap) …………………… their hands 12 If you feel sad, (talk) ………………………to me EXERCISE 2: Rewrite the following sentences Study hard and you will pass the exam  If Save some money or you won’t able to buy the house  If Be good or your parents will be very unhappy  If Do it carefully or you’ll feel sorry afterwards  If Ask him first and he will offer to help  If Be calm or you’ll make a wrong decision  If Be careful or you’ll cut yourself with that knife  If II REPORTED SPEECH (lùi thì) DIRECT SPEECH 1.Hiện đơn (Simple Present) 2.Hiện tiếp diễn (Present Continuous) INDIRECT SPEECH →1.Quá khứ đơn (Simple Past) →2.Quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous) →3.Tương lai khứ ( Future in the past : Would + V) →4 Quá khứ đơn (Simple Past) 3.Tương lai đơn (Simple Future) Quá khứ đơn (Simple Past) Thay đổi trạng từ nơi chốn thời gian Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp This That Today These Those Tomorrow Gián tiếp That day The next day / The following day Now Here Then There Next week/ month/ year Tonight The following week / month / Year that night Trong câu tường thuật , động từ khiếm khuyết MUST thường chuyển thành HAD TO , NEEDN'T chuyển thành DID NOT HAVE TO , MUST , SHOULD , SHOULDN'T cấm đoán , lời khuyên giữ nguyên eg : His father said to him : "You must study harder" => Hisfather told him that he had to study harder Hoa said :"You needn't water the flowers because it rained last night" => Hoa said that he didn't have to water the flowers because it had rained the day before The doctor said to Nam : "You should stay in bed" => The doctor told Nam that he should stay in bed Nếu câu nói trực tiếp diễn tả thật hiển nhiên chuyển sang câu tường thuật động từ không đổi eg : The professor said : "The moon revolves around the earth" => The professor said that the moon revolves around the earth Nếu động từ giới thiệu câu nói trực tiếp tương lai ( SAY/WILL SAY , HAVESAID ) động từ câu tường thuật trạng từ thời gian nơi chốn đổi sang không đổi eg: She says : "The train will leave here in minutes" => She says that the train will leave there in minutes CHANGE THE PERSONAL PRONOUNS AND POSSESIVE PRONOUNS Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp I He /She We They (We) Tân ngữ me / you Him /Her Tân ngữ Us Them (us) Mine His / Hers Ours Theirs My His / Her (my) Our Their Myself Himself / herself Cách chuyển câu hỏi (Questions) : Bước 1: Đổi động từ giói thiệu Said thành Asked ( WONDERED , WANTED TO KNOW )sau thêm Tân ngữ từ sau động từ ASKED cần thiết ( EX : Asked me , asked Tom ) Bước 2: Bỏ dấu chấm , dấu ngoặc kép dấu chấm hỏi Bước 3: Lặp lại từ nghi vấn ( WHO , WHEN WHAT ) câu nói trực tiếp Nếu câu nói trực tiếp khơng có từ nghi vấn đặt IF hay WHETHER + S + V lùi Bước 4: Chuyển Chủ ngữ, Động từ lùi thì, Trạng ngữ, Sở hữu cho phù hợp eg : Dung said :"What are you doing now ?" = > Dung asked me what I was doing then Dung asked him: "Do you like swimming?" = > Dung asked him if he liked swimming Cách chuyển câu nói trực tiếp câu cầu khiến, đề nghị, nhờ vả, xin phép Bước 1: Đổi động từ giới thiệu sang TELL (hoặc AsK , ODER , BEG ) tùy theo ý nghĩa câu Sau thêm bổ túc từ vào sau TELL (hoặc AsK , ODER , BEG ) eg : Ask him , Order the soldier, tell me Bước 2: Bỏ dấu chấm , dấu ngoặc kép , dấu chấm than từ PLEASE ( có) Bước 3- 1: Nếu câu cầu khiến thể khẳng định , ta đổi động từ sang nguyên mẫu có TO theo mẫu : S + TELL / ASK / + O + TO + Vo eg :1/ She said : "Close the door and go away !" = > She told me to close the door and go away 2/ The commandor said to his soldier : “Shoot !" = >The commandor ordered his soldier to shoot Bước 3-2: Nếu câu cầu khiến thể phủ định , ta đổi động từ theo mẫu TELL / ASK / + PRONOUN / NOUN / + NOT +TO + Vo eg : Nam said to his brother : "Don't turn of the radio" = > Nam told his brother not to turn of the radio + Đổi đại từ nhân xưng , tính từ sỡ hữu , trạng từ thời gian nơi chốn trường hợp trước cần thiết theo công thức: Loại câu Câu trực tiếp Câu tường thuật Câu phát biểu Câu hỏi Yes / No (K bắt đầu chữ WH) Câu hỏi WH (what, how ) Câu mệnh lệnh khẳng định Câu mệnh lệnh phủ định Câu lời khuyên S1+ said : “S + V + O” S1+ said to O1: “S + V + O” S1+ asked+ O1, “Trợ động từ + S + V0 + O?” S1+ said that + S + V lùi + O S1+ told + O1+ that + S + V lùi + O S1+ asked + IF + S + V lùi + O S1+ asked+ O1,“Wh- + Trợ động từ + S + V0 + O?” S1+ asked Wh- + S + V lùi + O S1+ told + O1: “V0 ………….” S1+ told + O1: “DON’T + V0 ………….” S1+ told + O + to + Vo… S1+ told + O + NOT + TO + Vo S1+ told + O1: “S + should + V0 ………….” S1+ told + S + should + V0 EXERCISES 1: Choose a suitable word for each blank to complete the sentences She said she was cooking dinner…………………(here/ then/ now/ that day) He told me he……………… TV at that moment (am watching/ were watching/ was watching/ watched) The boy said he usually…………… to school by bus ( goes/ go/ went/ is going) Linda told me she ………………………me the following week ( will visit/ can visit/ visited/ would visit) The boy said he…………………… to Quang Trung school (goes/ went/ is going/ were going) Liz told Ba Vietnamese people………………very friendly (were/ was/ are/ is) Uncle Tam said Quang…………………… there then ( isn’t/ wasn’t/ were/ is) EXERCISE: Change into reported speech: I’ll go to my village next week  She said ……………………………………………… I’m not enjoying myjob very much  Susan said …………………………………………… We have to go now  They said ………………………………………… I don’t like cartoons  Nam …………………………………………………………… I haven’t seen David foe ages  She said …………………………………………………… He said, “I’m working for a foreign company”  He said ……………………………………………………… Mary said, “I go to school by bicycle.”  Mary said …………………………………………………… Nam said, “I want to be rich and famous.”  Nam said …………………………………………………… “I will answer the phone.” my mother said to my father  My mother told my father ……………………… 10 “I’ll not be able to come with you.” Ann said to Tom  Ann said to Tom …………………………… EXERCISE 2:: How old are you?  They asked me how old I was What is your name?  She asked me ………………………………………………………… How many children you have?  They asked her ……………………………………………… What exam will you take?  I asked him …………………………………………………………… Where is he from?  I asked Minh …………………………………………… She asked me : “How old are you now ?”  She asked me……………………………………… John said : “How long does it take you to get to London, Mary ?”  John asked Mary ……………………………………………………………………………… The policeman asked the little girl : “What’s your name ?”  The policeman asked the little girl………………………………………………………………… He said : “Where can I find her in this town ?”  He asked me …………………………………… Helen said : “What did you say, Jack ?”  Helen asked Jack ……………………………… EXERCISE 3:: Are you OK?  They asked me IF I was OK Can you drive?  I asked him ……………………………………… Do you like animals?  They wanted to know ……………………………………… Are you willing to work on Saturday s?  He asked me …………………………………………… Is she a teacher?  Lan asked me ………………………………… Paul said : “Can you swim, Mary ?”  Paul said Mary …………………………………… She asked her son : “Do you know which is the cup you used ?”  She asked her son …………………………………………………………………………………………………… He said : “Will it rain tonight ?”  He asked me …………………………………………… EXERCISE 4: (Don’t) Get out  He ordered the student (not) to get out Stay inside  The mother told her children …………………………………… Don’t stay up late  They asked me …………………………………………… Keep silent, please  He told his boy …………………………………………… Please, don’t talk in class  We asked them ……………………………………………… 'Switch off the TV,' he said to her  He asked ker …………………………………………… ‘Shut the door, Tom,' she said  She told Tom ………………………………………………… 'Don't watch late-night horror movies,' I warned them  I warned them ………………………………………… Don't believe everything you hear,' he warned me  He warned me ……………………………… 'Don't touch that switch, Mary,' I said  I asked Mary ……………………………………………………………… 10 'Don't hurry,' I said  I told him ……………………………………………………………… 11 ‘Please fill up this form,' the secretary said  The secretary told me ……………………………… EXERCISE 5: Change the following sentences into reported speech “I’m tired of eating fish”, said Mary to Hellen  Mary told Helen………………………………… …………………………………………………… “You must your homework every day.”, said Miss Borne to us  Miss Borne told us …………………………………………………………………………… ……… “Will we read the story?”, Billy said to his teacher  Billy asked his teacher ………………………………………………………………………………… 4.“ Is it me you want to speak to ?” , Mary asked her boss  Mary asked her boss…………………………………………… “Where are you going for your holidays?, asked Martha  Martha asked her girlfriend……………………………………………………………………………… 6.“ Don’t go near the water, children”, said she  She told her children ………………………………… 7.He said, “ I’ll be here again tomorrow”  He said that ………………………………… 8.We said to them, “ Your houses are very nice”  We told them …………………………………………… 9.She said,” How you go to the circus?”  She asked his brother …………………………… 10.“ How many classes are there in your school?” my mother asked  My mother asked me ……………………………………………………… 11 “ Don’t forget to turn off the lights “ He said  He told his wife …………………………………………………………………………………………… 12 “Listen to me and don’t make a noise in class.”, said the teacher to his students  The teacher told his students ……………………………………………………………………………… TEST FOR UNIT I/ GRAMMAR a/ Multiple choice If she……………………….time, she will write to you a/ have b/ has c/ will have d/ had If you want to lose weight , you ………………………go on a strict diet a/ can b/ could c/ should d/ may If Mary doesn’t improve in English, we……………… have to find a tutor for her a/ will b/ can c/ should d/ would You ………………… pass the driving test, if you follow the instructor’s advice a/ must b/ can c/ could d/ shall If you study hard, you………………… the exam a/ would b/ will c/ must d/ should She asked me if I ………………………………pop music a/ liked b/ likes c/ like d/ has liked She asked me ……………… a/ if I am thirsty b/ If I was thirsty c/ If I were thirsty d/ If was I thirsty The man asked me if I ……………………….a student a/ am b/ were c/ was d/ will be He said he …………………to visit me the following day a/ will come b/ would come c/ came d/ come 10 She asked him if he …………………… play tennis a/ can b/ will c/ would d/ must 11 His father asked him if he ……………………the exam a/ pass b/ passed c/ will pass d/ passes 12 He asked me where I …………………… now ? a/ live b/ lived c/ would live d/ had lived 13 My father said I ………………………learn hard a/ have to b/ must c/ had to d/ can 14 She aksed me how many languages I …………………… a/ can speak b/ could speak c/ speak d/ will speak 15 I asked his brother how he………………….to school a/ goes b / go c/ will go d/ went b/ Supply the correct verb form If you……………… ( study ) hard, you will pass the written examination If the weather ……………………( be ) fine, We will go for a picnic He ……………………( write ) to you if he has time They…………………… ( have ) a lot of fun if they come there If she……………… ( not hurry ), she will miss the bus You would feel better if you………………………… a short rest ( take ) What………………….if the moon disappeared ? ( happen ) If I ………………… a bird, I would be a dove ( be ) If we flew, we………………… the world from above easily ( see ) 10 Had I had a map, I………………………………… way ( not lose ) 11 He said he ………………… ( go ) to HCM city the following day 12 She asked if my school…………………… ( be ) near there 13 Maryam said she………………… ( must ) go then 14 I asked her where she …………………( live ) 15 The examiner asked me if I …………………( speak ) any foreign languages II/ VOCABULARY a/ Multiple choice 1) Besides in-class assignments, our teacher often gives some ………………….for us to at home a/ housework b/ homework c/ teamwork d/ class work 2) What………………….of learning English you find most difficult ? “ pronunciation ” a/ section b/ aspect c/ area d/ hobby 3) Do we have to learn these new words ………………? a/ by heart b/ in mind c/ with heart d/ to mind 4) If you don’t know the meaning of a word, you can look it up in……………… a/ a book b / a record c/ a dictionary d/ a diary 5) Do you …………………any foreign language ? a/ talk b/ say c/ speak d/ tell 6) Bill is good at mathematics He wants ………………… a higher course of maths a/ to go b/ to work c/ to visit d/ to attend 7) What time does your English class ……………… and end ? a/ start b/ open c/ leave d/ get 8) If you study at The Brighton Language center – UK , You can live in…………….on campus a/ mobile room b/ dormitory c/ hotel d/ private room 9) I can complete a …………………….English test if you want a/ speak b/ spoke c / speaking d/ spoken 10) We have well- ……………………….teachers a/ qualifications b/ qualified c/ to qualify d/ quality b/ Supply the correct word form 1) He is a strict ……………………….( examine) 2) I want to …………………………at course ( attend) 3) You need to be ………………enough to the job ( qualify) 4) I saw your school’s ………………….in today’s edition of the Vietnam News ( advertise) 5) If you want to …………………… your English , we can help you ( improvement) III/ READING a) Fill in each blank with a suitable word forn the list friendship, understanding, know, subjects, written, what, many, to English is a very useful language If we ………… (1) English, we can go to any countries we like We will not find it hard to make people understand……….……( ) we want to say English also helps us to learn all kinds of………………(3) Hundreds of books are…… ………( 4)in English everyday in…………… (5) countries English has also helped to spread ideas and knowledge………… ………(6) all corners of the world Therefore, the English language has helped to spread better ……… ( ) and ………… ………(8) among countries of the world b)Read the passage and write T or F Every year students in many countries learn English Some of these students are young children Others are teenagers Many are adults Some learn at school, others study by themselves A few learn English just by hearing the language in the films, on television, in the office or among their friends But not many are lucky to that Most people must work hard to learn English Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects They study their own language, mathematics …, and English In England, America or Australia, many boys and girls study their own language, which is English, and mathematics …and another languages, perhaps French, German or Spanish 1/ According to the writer English is popular in much of the world 2/ Many people learn English by working hard on their lessons 3/ Many people learn English just by hearing it in the films 4/ Many boys and girls learn English because English can give them a job 5/ Besides learning English, many students in England learn other languages c) Read the passage and choose the correct answer a, b, c or d The main………(1) for the widespread demand for English is its importance as an …… (2) language Besides serving the needs of……(3) native speakers, English is a language which is …………(4) in science, media, communication, international conferences, aviation, sport, and so on More than 350 million people………( ) English as their mother tongue, or native language, another 350 speak it as a second language In addition, it is difficult to get the information of how many people speak it as…………( ) language English is……( ) becoming popular Most of the scientific………( ) have so far been carried out in English – speaking countries Computer programmes are mostly designed in English Most of reference books are also written …( ) English English is taught in most high schools and universities in the world All of these make English not only a useful tool in many fields but also a good access to the world of………(10) The better your English is, the more opportunities you have to succeed in your life 1/ a/ cause b/ reason c/ purpose d/ need 2/ a/ nation b/ nationality c/ international d/ mother tongue 3/ a/ them b/ their c/ it d/ its 4/ a/ used b/ using c/ use d/ uses 5/ a/ say b/ speak c/ tell d/ talk 6/ a/ foreign b/ first c/ second d/ native 7/ a/ quick b/ rapid c/ increasingly d/ increasing 8/ a/ invent b/ inventors c/ invention d/ inventions 9/ a/ in b/ by c/ of d/ on 10/ a/ know b/ knowledge c/ learn d/ scientific IV/ WRITING Complete the following sentences with the phrases given 1) Recycle and we will save natural resources If we 2) Hurry up or you will be late for work If you don’t 3) “ Where you live ? ” I said to him I asked 4) “ What you to improve your English ?” the examiner asked me The examiner asked me -5) “ I’ll come with you as soon as I’m ready, Mary.” said Peter Peter said -6) “ I must stay at home tonight to finish my homework” said John John said -7) “I will help you whenever you need me, Hoa.” said Nam Nam said -8) “You can use my telephone if you need it.” said Lan Lan said 9) The driver said “ Don’t get off the bus while it’s moving!” The driver asked the passengers 10) He said , “ I wish I knew the answer ” He said that Reading comprehension.: Learning a second Language Some people learn a second language (51) _ Other people have trouble learning a new language How can you have (52) _learn a new language , such as English ? There are several ways to make learning English a little (53) _and more interesting The first step is to feel positive about learning English If you believe that you can learn, you will learn (54) patient You not to have to understand (55) all at once It‘s natural to make mistakes when you learn something new We can learn from our mistakes The second step is to practice your English For example, write in a journal, or diary, every day You will get used to (56) _in English, and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English After several weeks, you will see that your writing is improving (57) _, you much speak English every day You can practice with your classmates (58) _class The third step is to keep a record of your language learning You can write this in your journal After (59) _class, think about what you did Did you answer a question (60) ? Did you understand something the teacher explained? Perhaps the lesson was difficult, but you tried to understand it It is important to practice every day and make a record of your achievements 51/ a ease b easy c easily d all a, b, c 52/ a itself b yourself c himself d herself 53/ a ease b easy c easily d easier 54/ a Be b Being c To be d Been 55/ a anything b nothing c everything d something 56/ 57/ 58/ 59/ 60/ a write a In addition a of side a some a correct b writing b Addition b outside b each b correction c to write c Additional c beside c all c correctly d written d By addition d byside d few d corrective ... usually walks to school He usually walks to school if Tam has enough time If you hear from Jane, please call me Please call me if you hear from Jane * Lưu ý viết lại câu với IF: - Thường câu có... nói trực tiếp khơng có từ nghi vấn đặt IF hay WHETHER + S + V lùi Bước 4: Chuyển Chủ ngữ, Động từ lùi thì, Trạng ngữ, Sở hữu cho phù hợp eg : Dung said :"What are you doing now ?" = > Dung asked... + O1+ that + S + V lùi + O S1+ asked + IF + S + V lùi + O S1+ asked+ O1,“Wh- + Trợ động từ + S + V0 + O?” S1+ asked Wh- + S + V lùi + O S1+ told + O1: “V0 ………….” S1+ told + O1: “DON’T + V0 ………….”