UNIT 2: CLOTHING Listen and read - clothing (n): - century (n): - poet (n): - writer (n): - musician (n): - poem (n): - novel (n): - traditional (adj): - dress (n): - woman → women (n): - tunic (n): - slit (v): - side (n): - loose (adj): - pants (n): - frequently (adv): - both … and … - man → men (n): - design (n): - material (n): - nowadays (adv): - special (adj): - occasion (n): - however (adv): Speak - a colorful T-shirt (n): - a plaid skirt (n): - a plain suit (n): - s short-sleeved blouse (n): - a sleeveless sweater (n): - a striped shirt (n): - baggy pants (n): - faded jeans (n): - blue shorts (n): - section (n): Listen - public (adj): - announcement (n): - a lost little girl (n): - attention (n): - report (v): - main (adj): - entrance (n): - short dark hair (n): Read - be named after - sailor (n): - jean cloth (n): trang phục, áo quần kỷ nhà thơ nhà văn nhạc sĩ thơ tiểu thuyết tính truyền thống trang phục phụ nữ áo dài thắt ngang lưng chẻ, cắt phía, cánh lỏng, khơng chặt quần thường xuyên … … đàn ông thiết kế chất liệu ngày đặc biệt dịp nhiên - prefer + to V (v): - convenient (adj): - fashion (n): - designer (n): - change (v): - print (v): - lines of poetry (n): - so (adv): - fashionable (adj): - inspiration (n): - ethnic minority (n): - symbol (n): - cross (n): - stripe (n): - add (v): - pattern (n): - continue (v): - unique (adj): - subject (n): - describe (v): - majority (n): - modernize (v): - another (adj): - alternative (n): thích … tiện lợi thời trang nhà thiết kế thay đổi in, in dấu, in hoa dịng thơ thế, tính thời trang nguồn cảm hứng dân tộc thiểu số biểu tượng hình chữ thập sọc, viền thêm vào mẫu hình, hoa văn tiếp tục độc nhất, chủ đề mô tả, miêu tả phần lớn, đa số đại hóa … khác thay áo thun nhiều màu váy sọc carô comlê trơn áo tay ngắn áo len không ống tay áo sơ mi sọc quần tây ống rộng quần jean bạc màu quần đùi màu xanh mục, khu vực - survey (n): - interview (v): - member (n): - group (n): - favorite (adj): - type (n): - comfortable (adj): - color (n): - uniform (n): khảo sát, khảo sát vấn thành viên nhóm ưa thích loại thoải mái màu sắc đồng phục công cộng thông báo bé gái lạc ý báo cáo, tường trình lối vào mái tóc đen ngắn - blouse (n): - a pair of shoes (n): - brown (adj): - carry (v): - large (adj): - doll (n): - bring (v): - information desk (n): áo đôi giày màu nâu mang lớn, to búp bê đưa lại quầy thông tin đặt theo tên … thủy thủ đồ jean - become (v): - high fashion - famous (adj): trở thành thời trang cao cấp tiếng - completely (adv): hoàn toàn - cotton (n): sợi cotton - strong (adj): chắc, bền, khỏe - wear out (v): rách, hư mòn - easily (adv): cách dễ dàng - university, college trường đại học - style (n): mẫu, kiểu, - match (v): phù hợp với - embroidered jeans (n): quần jean thêu - painted jeans (n): quần jean vẽ - so on vân vân … - cheaper rẻ - finally (adv): cuối Write - present (v): giới thiệu, trình bày - argument (n): tranh luận - persuade (v): thuyết phục - reader (n): người đọc - organization (n): tổ chức - introduction (n): giới thiệu - let (v): cho phép, để - point of view (n): quan điểm - opinion (n): ý kiến - series (n): chuỗi - logical (adj): hợp lý, có lơgic - paragraph (n): đoạn, đoạn văn - possible (adj): - conclusion (n): kết luận - sum up (v): tổng kết, kết luận, tóm tắt - therefore (adv): đó, Language focus - lovely (adj): đáng yêu, dễ thương - how long - for + khoảng time … - recently (adv) = lately: gần - since + mốc time từ … - move (v): chuyển, di chuyển - sight (n): phong cảnh, cảnh - pagoda (n): chùa - Reunification Palace (n): Dinh Thống Nhất - vegetarian (n): thức ăn chay - Zoo and Botanical Gardens (n) Thảo Cầm Viên - amusement park (n): Cơng viên giải trí - already (adv): đã, - yet (adv): chưa - comic (n): truyện tranh - label (n): - sale (n): - go up = increase (v): - worldwide (adv): - economic (adj): - situation (n): - get worse - out of fashion - young generation (n): - be fond of + V-ing - date (n): - could hardly + V - at last nhãn hiệu việc bán tăng lên, gia tăng toàn cầu thuộc kinh tế bối cảnh, tình hình trở nên tồi tệ lỗi mốt, lạc hậu hệ trẻ thích ngày tháng khơng, khó cuối - in conclusion - encourage (v): - be proud of - bear (v): - equal (adj): - rich >< poor - practical (adj): - think of (v): - necessary (adj): - support (v): - casual clothes (n): - freedom (n): - choice (n): - self-confident (adj): - lively (adj): sau cùng, cuối động viên, khuyến khích tự hào mang cơng bằng, bình đẳng giàu - nghèo thiết thực, thực tế nghĩ cần thiết ủng hộ thường phục tự lựa chọn tự tin sinh động, sống động - volleyball (n): - elephant (n): - durian (n): - bottle (n): - champagne (n): - department store (n): - carefully (adv): - solve (v): - problem (n): - experiment (n): - animal (n): - might + V - planet (n): - improve (v): - bridge (n): bóng chuyền voi sầu riêng chai sâm banh cửa hàng bách hóa tổng hợp cách cẩn thận giải vấn đề thí nghiệm động vật hành tinh cải thiện cầu UNIT 2: CLOTHING I/ NEW WORDS fame (n): danh tiếng famous (for) (adj): tiếng ease (v): làm dễ chịu easy (adj): dễ easily (adv): cách dễ dàng music (n): âm nhạc musical (adj): thuộc âm nhạc musician (n): nhạc sĩ tradition (n): truyền thống traditional (adj): thuộc truyền thống traditionalist (n): ng theo chủ nghĩa truyền thống traditionally (adv): theo truyền thống convenience (n): tiện lợi inconvenience (n): bất tiện convenient (adj): tiện nghi, tiện lợi inconvenient (adj): bất tiện, bất lợi conveniently (adv): tiện nghi inconveniently (adv): bất tiện modern (adj): đại modernize (v): cách tân, đại hóa modernization (n): đại hóa modernity (n): đại, tính đại special (adj): đặc biệt especially (adv): đặc biệt specialty (n): đặc sản, chuyên môn design (n,v): thiết kế, mẫu thiết kế designer (n): nhà thiết kế economy (n): kinh tế economic (adj): thuộc kinh tế economize (v): tiết kiệm economical (adj): tiết kiệm uneconomical (adj): không tiết kiệm economically (adv): cách tiết kiệm uneconomically (adv): không tiết kiệm uneconomic (adj): không mang lại lợi nhuận 10 courage (n): lòng can đảm, dũng cảm courageous (adj): dũng cảm courageously (adv): cách dũng cảm encourage (v): khuyến khích, động viên encouragement (n): động viên encouraged (a) : động viên (người) encouraging (a) : động viên (vật) encouragingly (adv): khích lệ, cổ vũ discourage (v): phản đối, làm thất vọng discouragement (n): chán nản, ngăn chặn 11 fashion (n, v): thời trang fashionable (adj): hợp thời trang unfashionable (adj): không hợp thời trang fashionably (adv): hợp thời unfashionably (adv): không hợp thời 12 inspire (v): truyền cảm hứng inspiration (n): cảm hứng take inspiration from sb/sth: lấy cảm hứng từ ai/cái 13 minor (adj): thứ yếu minority (n): thiểu số 14 major (adj): chủ yếu majority (n): đại đa số 15 poem (n): thơ poet (n): nhà thơ poetry (n): thơ ca, tuyển tập thơ poetic (adj): nên thơ, thơ poetically (adv) 16 sleeve (n): tay áo sleeveless (adj): (áo)không tay short-sleeved (adj): (áo) tay ngắn long-sleeved (adj): (áo) tay dài 17 argument (n): tranh cãi, tranh luận arguable (a): đáng tranh cãi argumentative (a): thích tranh cãi argue (v): tranh cãi arguably (adv): cho argumentatively (adv): cách lý sự, lý lẽ 18 improvement (n): cải thiện, cải tiến improve (v): cải thiện, cải tiến 19 occasion (n): thời điểm, dịp occasional (a): thỉnh thoảng, dành cho dịp đặc biệt occasionally (adv): cách 20 pride (n): niềm kiêu hãnh, tự hào proud +of (a): tự hào 21 symbol (n): Biểu tượng, vật biểu trưng symbolism (n): chủ nghĩa tượng trưng symbolic (symbolical): thuộc tượng trưng symbolize (v): tượng trưng, biểu trưng 22 material (a/ n): nguyên vật liệu materialize (v): cụ thể hóa, làm thành thực materially (adv): thiết yếu, cốt yếu I Câu bị động Loại Bị động Dấu hiệu Công thức Đơn - Hiện - V chia Vo Vs Ves O + be chia + PII + (by + S) - Quá khứ - V chia Ved P1 (be chia am/is/are/ was/ were) Tiếp diễn - Hiện - V chia am/is/are + Ving O + be chia + BEING+ PII + (by + S) - Quá khứ - V chia was/ were + Ving (be chia am/is/are/ was/ were) Hoàn thành - Hiện - V chia have/has + PII O + have/has/had + BEEN + PII + (by + S) - Quá khứ - V chia had + PII (be chia am/is/are/ was/ were) Khuyết thiếu Can, may, might, Có từ: O + Khuyết thiếu + BE + PII + (by + S) should, could, - Can, may, might, should, could, (be chia am/is/are/ was/ were) have to V, has to V, will, would had to V, ought to - have to V, has to V, had to V, V, will, would ought to V, will, would By S không cần S = people, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody Riêng No one, Nobody, Nothing (-) EXERCISE 1:Changes the sentences into passive voice: Mary types letters in the office ……………………………………………………… His father will help you tomorrow …………………………………………………… Peter broke this bottle ………………………………………………… They are learning English in the room …………………………………………………………… My students will bring the children home ……………………………………………… She gave us more information …………………………………………… They have to repair the engine of the car ………………………………………………………… People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday ……………………………… Mary is cutting a cake with a sharp knife …………………………………………………………… 10.Teacher is going to tell a story ………………………………………………… 11.People speak English in almost every corner of the world ……………………………………… EXERCISE 2: Change these yes-no questions into passive voice: 12.Nothing can change my mind ………………………………………………………… 13.No one had told me about it ………………………………………………………… 14.I don’t know her telephone number …………………………………………………………… 15.They can’t make tea with cold water …………………………………………………… 16.You mustn’t use this machine after 5:30 p.m ……………………………………… EXERCISE 3: Change into passive: They will hold the meeting before May Day.→ The meeting ……………………………………… Somebody has taken some of my books away.→ Some of my book……………………………………………… They have to repair the engine of the car.→ The engine of the car ……………………………………………… They may use this room for the classroom.→ This room ……………………………………………………… The teacher is going to tell a story.→ A story …………………………………………………… John used to visit his parents at weekends.→ His parents…………………………………………………… They use milk for making butter and cheese → Milk ……………………………………………………… They have provided the victims with food and clothing.→ The victims ………………………… People speak English in most every corner of the world.→ English …………………………………………… 10 The students are writing the lessons now.→ The lesson …………………………………………………… 11 Her teacher taught her how to apply this theory.→ She ………………………………………………… 12 Someone will tell him that news.→ He ……………………………………………………… II Hiện hoàn thành EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences with “for” or “since”: We haven’t heard from them ………………… ages They waited for you …………………… two days They haven’t met him……………………he left the room We have bought the new car ……………………… 1999 Haven’t you seen him ………………………Christmas? It was not rained …………………………May I haven’t written to him ……………………… five months She has spoken to them ………………………… this morning We have listened to music ………………………8a.m 10.The house been built …………………………… last year EXERCISE 2: Are the underlined verbs right () or wrong ()? Then correct them if they are wrong _ She has been a teacher since 1980 …………………………… _ I don’t go for a walk for days …………………………… _ This is the best film that I ever saw so far …………………………… _ Mr Jackson has earned a lot of money since he had his own company……………………………… _ Bob is a friend of mine I know him for a long time …………………………………………… _ Jane and Peter learn French since July …………………………… EXERCISE 3: Use simple past or present perfect to complete the following sentences: Her English ( improve ) ……………………………… recently How many pages ………… you (read) ………………………… so far? We (finish) ……………………………………… our homework two hour ago …………………you (be) …………………… to Rome? I (see) ………………………………………… him several times on TV What ……………… you (do) …………………… last night? This is the first time I (visit) …………………………… the city They (buy)………………………………… the garden some days ago I (learn) ……………………………………… English since I (be) …………………… 11 years old 10.Be careful! I (just clean) ……………………………………… the floor 11.The meal (already be) ………………………………………………… ready 12.I (never read) ………………………………………………………… an interesting story like this before EXERCISE 4: Rewrite the following sentences with the words given: 1.Minh last wrote to his pen pal five months ago. Minh hasn’t …………………………………………………… 2.The last time we visited Kuala Lumpur was years ago. I haven’t …………………………………………… When did you study English? How long ………………………………………………………… They began building this house months ago They have ……………………………………………………… My father started to work in this factory last week My father has ………………………………………………… How long has he worked in the garden? When ………………………………………………………………… How long ago did you learn music? How long have …………………………………………………………… He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8 He has …………………………………………………… He learnt English when he was 18 He has ………………………………………………………… 10 They have worked in that factory for five years They began …………………………………… 11 My father stopped smoking two years ago. My father hasn’t …………………………… 12 We have learnt English for four years. >We started 13.My father started to give up smoking last year. >My father has 14.They have worked in that factory since 2001. >They started 15 Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a month. >Lan didn't 16 He has lived in Ha Noi since he was 12 >He started 17 I haven't met her for a long time >I didn't 18 How long have you learnt French ? >How long ago ? 19 How long have you bought this car ? >When did ? 20 When did you start to listen to classical music ? >How long ? 21 I saw her 10 years ago >I haven't TEST YOURSELF Pronunciation 1./ a enough b laugh c cough d plough 2/ a champagneb check c cheese d choose 3/ a boxes b washes c watches d goes 4/ a rose b chose c close d lose 5/ a tent b rely c tend d send Find the one choice that best completes the sentences Vocabulary 6/ Lan likes fashion She always wears clothes a fashionable b new c tend d modal 7/ The Ao dai is the dress of Vietnamese women a workable b fashionable c traditional d casual 8/ For a long time the Ao dai has been the of songs poems and novels a words b things c object d subject 9/ Some designers have modernized the Ao dai by printing on it a lines of poetry b words of poets c pictures of poems d poetry photos 10/ Vietnamese women today often prefer to wear modern clothing at work because it is more a careful b easy c expensive d convenient 11/In the 1960s a lot of university and college wore jeans a pupils b workers c students d goers 12/ Designers made different jeans to match the 1960s fashions a form b appearance c module d styles 13/ I saw Mary at the party last night She a beautiful pink dress a worn b was wearing c had worn d was worn 14/ It seems very difficult to have a trip abroad a that I b to me c for me d for I 15/ Wearing helps students feel equal in many ways a clothes b ties c jackets d uniforms 16/ My brothers are very wearing jeans a like b love c enjoy d fond of Grammar & structures 17/ Asian people eat rice Rice _in many parts in Asia a is grown b are grown c has grown d have grown 18/ Nowadays a lot of dangerous work _by robots a has been done b have been done c is done d was done 19/ Who wrote the story “ Romeo and Juliet ”? - It by Shakespeare, an English writer a is written b was written c have been written d wrote 20/ The package containing books and records _ last week a is delivered b are delivered c was delivered d were delivered 21/ I the letter from him yet a.don’t receive b didn’t receive c haven’t received d won’t receive 22/ My father _for the national bank from 1990 to 2003 a works b working c has worked d worked 23/ I never go to any foreign country I abroad yet a don’t go b didn’t go c have gone d haven’t gone 24/ When ? In 1876 a the telephone was invented b was the telephone invented c did the telephone invented d did the telephone invent 25/ _ uncle Ho’s Mausoleum? a have you ever been b are you ever visited c have you ever visited d did you ever visited 26/ The music at the party was very loud and could _ from far away a been heard b heard c be heard d have heard 27/ When I _ in New York last year I _ lost of interesting places a am / visited b was / visiting c am / visiting d was / visited 28/ Most people now automatic washing machines for cleaning their clothes a has b had c have d have had 29/ Levi Strauss _ jeans for workmen a has invented b invented c invents d inventing 30/ These shoes are made _ good leather They are very strong a from b by c of d with 31/ They have changed the date of the meeting The date of the meeting _ a was changed b is changed c has been changed d.changes 32/ We couldn’t start our journey All flights _because of fog a are delayed b delayed c has been delayed d were delayed 33/ The material, called jean, was named _ sailors from Genoa a as b after c of d out 34/ People like wearing jeans because the material doesn’t wear _easily a.by b away c of d out 35/ I will return your notes as soon as I _copying them a finished b had finish c finish d will finish 36/ English all over the work a speaks b is being spoken c spoke d is spoken 37/ Jill came to the meeting but Charles a isn’t b hasn’t c didn’t d wasn’t 38/ Our flat is very small We wish we more rooms a had b have c have had d will have 39/ Tony now rides his bike to school instead of _ by bus a travel b travels c to travel d travelling 40/ Jeans have never been _ fashion because a lot of people are still fond of wearing them a out b of c out of d on Identifying mistakes Choose the underlined words or phrases that are not correct in standard written English 41/ They made jean cloth completely by cotton in the eighteenth century 42/ Five million bottle of champagne will be produced in France next year 43/ A new style of jeans have just been introduced in the USA 44/ Wearing uniforms encourages students to be proud about their school 45/ Designers made difference styles of jeans to match the fashions of the time 46/ In the 1960s the worldwide economic situation got worse and the sale of jeans stopped to grow 47/ In the 1970 more and more people started wearing jeans because it became cheaper 48/ The majority of Vietnamese people prefer to wear modern clothing in work 49/ We have been friends since we are at university Our friendship lasts long 50/ Jack walks to work to day His car is being service at the garage Reading comprehension: JEANS Two Americans, Jacob Davis and Levi Strauss (51) the first Jeans in 1873 Davis bought cloth (52) _ Levi’s shop He (53) Levi that he had a (54) way to make strong trousers for workmen The first jeans (55) blue In 1935 jeans became (56) _ for women after they (57) them in Vogue magazine In the 1970s Calvin Klein earned $ 12.5 million (58) _ week from jeans Jeans have never been (59) fashion, because a lot of people are still fond (60) wearing them 51/ a did b got c made d bought 52/ a in 53/ a said 54/ a special 55/ a be 56/ a fashion fashioners 57/ a see 58/ a of 59/ a out 60/ a with b from c by d of b asked c spoke d told b specially c specialty d specialty b are c was d were b fashionable c fashionably d b b b b saw to of by c seen c an c out of c of TEST YOURSELF d seeing d a d from d in A Vocabulary: Choose A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences: clothes you prefer, T.shirt or pullover? A What B How C Which D Where My uncle was a ……… He had a large collection of musical instruments A music B musical C musically D musician Vietnamese women prefer to wear modern clothing ……… Work A at B in C to D with Peter got …… quickly and went to school A dress B dressed C dressing D dresses It’s ……… to call anyone at night A convenience B inconvenience C convenient D inconvenient The Ao Dai is the ……… dress of Vietnamese women A beautiful B traditionalC casual D baggy ……… have fashion designers done to modernize the Ao dai? A How B What C Why D Where The word Jeans comes ……… A kind of material that was made in Europe A in B at C from D on The national dress of Japanese women is ………… A Kimono B Ao dai C Sari D Jeans 10 Nguyen Du is considered a famous Vietnamese ………… A poetry B poem C poet D poetic B Grammar and structure I Choose A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences: Mary ……… write to me last year A uses to B used to C is used to D was used to She describes herself ……… a fashion designer A by B as C in D from He ……… with friends in an apartment in HCMC since last week A living B has lived C lived D live I wish you ……… here tomorrow A come B came C will come D would come I ……… English here since I graduated from university A teach B taught C have taught D am teaching Wearing uniform helps students ……… equal in many ways A fall B feel C fell D felt It’s dangerous ……… in this river A swim B to swim C swimming D swam Millions of Christmas cards ………… last month A were sent B sent C send D are sent Marie Curie ……… the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 A award B awarded C was awarded D has awarded 10 He hates being ………… at A look B looking C to look D looked II Supply the correct verb form: Simple past or Present perfect I (see) ………………………her before I (see) ……………………her last year Tom never (be) …………………in Hanoi I (read)……………………………… the novel written by Jack London several times before What ………………you (do)……………… yesterday? ………….You (watch) …………………TV last night? She (be) …………………born in 1980 He (write)…………………… a book since last year Mr Green (teach) ……………English in this school since he (graduate)…………… from the university in 1986 10 How long ………………you (learn)……………………… English? 11 I (invite) ………………………………to her party last night 12 My car (repair)…………………………… yesterday C Read: Choose A, B, C or D to complete the following passage: Clothes can tell a lot (1) ……… a person Some people like very colorful clothes because they want everyone (2)……… at them and they want to be the center of things (3)………… people like to wear nice clothes, but their clothes are not (4)……… Or fancy They not like people (5)…… Clothes today are very different (6)……… the clothes of the 1800s One difference is the way they look Foe example, in the 1800s, all women (7)…… dress The dresses all had long skirts Sometimes they wear short skirts Sometimes they wear pants Another difference between 1800 and today is the (8) ……… In the 1800s, clothes (9) …… natural kinds of cloth They were made from cotton, wool, silk, or linen But today, there are (10) …… kinds of man made cloth A lot of clothes are made from nylon, rayon or polyester A about B at C with D on A look B to look C looked D looking A each other B another C others D other A color B colorfully C colorful D colored A to look at them B to looking at them C looking at them D looked at them A at B to C from D in A wear B worn C wore D wearing A cloth B clothing C clothe D clothes A were made only by B were made only in C were made only of D were made only from 10 A many B much C any D a little D Write: Rewrite the following sentences so that the second sentence means nearly exactly the same as the first We have learnt English for years -> We started………………………………………… My father started to give up smoking last year -> My father has…………………………………… They have worked in that factory since 2001 -> They started……………………………………………… Lan hasn’t written to Maryam for a month -> Lan didn’t……………………………………………… Ha has lived in Hanoi since he was 12 -> He started………………………………………………… I haven’t seen her for a long time -> I didn’t…………………………………………………… He finished his exercises on time -> His exercise ………………………………………… People plant rice in those fields -> Rice……………………………………………………… They use cars and trucks to carry food to market -> Cars and trucks …………………………………… 10 This boy broke my window yesterday -> My window …………………………………………… 11 They have known him well -> He ………………………………………………… 12 We will meet him at the station -> He…………………………………………… ... cuối - in conclusion - encourage (v): - be proud of - bear (v): - equal (adj): - rich >< poor - practical (adj): - think of (v): - necessary (adj): - support (v): - casual clothes (n): - freedom... động - volleyball (n): - elephant (n): - durian (n): - bottle (n): - champagne (n): - department store (n): - carefully (adv): - solve (v): - problem (n): - experiment (n): - animal (n): - might... giải trí - already (adv): đã, - yet (adv): chưa - comic (n): truyện tranh - label (n): - sale (n): - go up = increase (v): - worldwide (adv): - economic (adj): - situation (n): - get worse - out