(Luận văn thạc sĩ) so sánh cấu trúc và phương tiện biểu hiện câu hỏi chính danh trong tiếng anh và tiếng việt

^ > BO G5A0 DUC VA DAO TAO 'DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI TRUING DAI HOC KHOA HOC XA HOI VA NHAN VAN TRAN CHI IVIAI 1(1^ SO snNH cnu TRUC P H I / O N G TICN BICU cnu HOI CHINH DRNH TflONG TIC'NG ANH TIC'NG VI€T HI€N Chuyen nganh : Ly luan ngon nguf Ma so : 50408 Luan van Thac sT Ngon ngu hoc Ngu&i huong ddn khoa hoc P.Gido sir Tieh si Hoang Trong Piiien !TRllNGTAMTH(>iuTi;i.rHlJVirM I iI L Ha Noi - 2000 Ldl CAM DOAN yjm xi/n cum rtoo/H dd/u (a cmui hlmi ^to/hiSn c/^fs^ ctm tiS^ia iSL jV^M^i^ia ^6 lieUf k^t aud neu hot^m /USH t^id/H f/^^4/^ia tJif^ tm cm^a tt^^ta xud^ mmi emm f/ilmi fi^/MSn cfhe ndo Mide t^na toun la /md/n nd^ ku nwi &in Xf4'i cfid^t Midrm ndy /o /ai^ em- fJid^ cf) ai^U} nyod/^t/i jVomt (mm mST c^t (Mf4- 6U4- tdi ^ta44^ /W, nJi^yig ti^^^rfi rta /Sn /f^i/i dd/u f/S, c/u Ado c/w em i^io^ia (ueS/ flw« l/ti^^tJi /wr ta^i ^m lAr/r /uen rte Idr n^4(J^/yf cf?M, (7 MUC LUC Trang Ma dau I Muc dich y nghia II Pham vi doi tirgng nghien curu Ill Phuofng phap nghien curu IV Bo cue cua luan van ChuangL Mot so van de chung ve cau hoi va cau hoi chinh danh 1.1 Vai quan ni6m hien ve cau hoi 1.2 Phan loai c^u hoi 1.2.1 C^u hoi tieng Anh 1.2.2 Cau hoi tieng Vi6t 31 1.2.3 Cac nghia bo sung cua cau hoi 34 Quan niem v6 cau hoi chinh danh 37 Tieu ket 38 1.3 Chuang IL Mieu ta cau true va phuffng tien bieu hien cau hoi chinh danh tieng Anh va tieng Viet 40 C&'u true va phuang tien bieu hien cau hoi chinh danh tieng 2.1 Anh 40 2.1.1 Cau hoi c6/kh6ng (Yes/No Question) 41 2.1.2 Cau hoi CO tu" hoi bat dau bkig WH- (WH-Question) 2.1.3 Cau hoi lua chon (Alternative Question) 50 57 Cau tnic va phuang tien bieu hien cua cau hoi chinh danh 2.2 tieng Viet 58 2.2.1 Cau hoi lira chon, 58 2.2.2, Cau hoi khong lua chon 66 Tieu ket • ' 72 Chuang IIL Nhutig net tuong dong va khac biet ve cau triic va phuang tien bieu hien cau hoi chinh danh giua tieng Anh va tieng Viet 3.1 Nhiing net tuong dong va khac biet ciia cau hoi c6 chira dai tir 73 3.1.1 Hoi ve nguoi 74 74 3.1.2 Hoi ve vai va doi tugfng cua hanh dong 77 3.1.3 Hoi phan loai 83 3.1.4 Hoi ve so hiJu 84 3.1.5 Hoi v6 nguyen nhan 85 3.1.6 Hoi ve thoi gian 87 3.1.7 Hoi ve dia diem - hoi ve huang chuyen ddng 88 3.1.8 Hoi v6 each thirc hanh dong, tfnh chat hay dac tnmg cija su vat 90 nghi van lieng Anh su so sanh voi tieng Viet 3.2 NhGng net tuofng ddng va khac biei cua cau hoi c6/kh6ng tieng Anh su so sanh vdi lieng Vi6l 98 3.2.1 (Ai) CO khong? 100 3.2.2 Co phai khdng 101 3.2.3 Kieu cau hdi duofc khdng, cd duac khdng, cd dugc khdng 102 3.2.4 A/Ha 103 3.2.5 IT/Sao 104 3.2.6 Hay/Hay la 106 3.27 Hay khdng 106 3.2.8 Lieu 107 3.2.9 Hinh nhu thi phai 107 3.2.10 Chac 108 3.2.11 Chang le/chling nhe/cd le 108 3.2.12 Nhe/nhi 109 3.2.13 Chii 110 3.2.14 chua/da chua 111 3.2.15 Chang 112 3.2.16 Cau hoi cd/khdng tieng Anh chuyen dich sang cau hoi 3.2.17 3.3 tieng Vi6t khdng cd tieu tijr mang tm hieu nghi van 113 Cau hdi cd/khdng lieng Anh ngam an dai liJ nghi van 113 Nhiing net tuong dong va khac biet ciia cau hdi lua chon tieng Anh su* so sanh vai tieng Viet 3.4 3.5 1J Nhung net tuang d6ng va khac biet cua cau hoi duoi (Tag Question) sir so sanh vai tieng Viet 115 Mot giai phap kh^c phuc nhung kho khan giang day v6 cau 117 hoi Ket luan 123 Phu iuc cac bang thong ke 126 I- Bang thong ke so lieu cac tiir hoi tieng Vi6t tuang utig vdi cac dai tir nghi van tieng Anh 127 II- Bang thong ke so lieu cac tir tao cau hoi tieng Viet tuang ling v6i c^u hoi lua chon va cau hoi duoi tieng Anh, 131 ni- Bang thong ke so lieu cac tir cau hoi tieng Viet tuong ling voi cau hoi cO/'idiong tieng Anh 132 IV- Bang thong ke vi tri cac tir hoi tieng Viet tuang umg vai dai tir nghi van tieng Anh 135 V- Bang thong ke vi tri cac phuang tien cau hoi tieng Viet tuang ling vai cau hoi lua chon va cau hoi duoi tieng Anh 139 VI- Bang thong ke vi trf cac khuon hoi tieng Viet tuang ling vai cau hoi c6/kh6ng tieng Anh 140 Phu luc ve ngtt lieu so sanh 143 Cac nguon tu lieu trich d^n 192 Tai lieu tham khao chinh 194 MO DAU Muc dich y nghla Cau hoi noi chung va cau hoi tieng Viet noi rieng la mot dang cau co t^n so sir dung nhieu giao tiep C^u hoi la cau true cu phap bieu hien hanh vi ngon ngu Ddi vai nguoi hoc ngoai ngu, thuc hien hanh vi nghe hoi va hoi thuc su gap nhidu kho khan Ngay ca cac giao vien cung nhi6u lung tung tru6c viec giai thfch va huong dan sinh vien su dung Tnuc te cho thay cac sinh vien Vi6t Nam rat boi roi dich thuSt chuyen tu" cau hoi tieng Anh sang cau hoi tieng Viet, va ngirgc lai Thiet nghi, d6'i vofi nguai nuac ngoai hoc tieng Viet, kho khan cung khong phai la ngoai le Chon ten de tai: So sanh cau true va phuong tien bieu hien cau hoi chinh danh tieng Anh va tieng Viet, chung toi mong muon gop them mot tieng noi cua minh vao thao ga vaii de nay, va vdi hy vong nhung van de nghien ciiu se duac ling dung cong tac giang day tieng Anh cho nguai Viet, va giang day tieng Viet cho nguai nu6c ngoai noi tieng Anh Tir truac den nay, viec nghien ciiu cau hoi da dugc quan tam nhieu nhat tir goe ngon ngu hoc va logic hoc Pham vi va miic quan tam chu y dang cang dugc ma rgng Hoi la m6t dang hanh vi ng6n ngir bien, mot to tham gia thuang xuyen vao cac cau tnic doi thoai Mat khac, nha sir tac dong cua hoan canh, tinh huong va thong qua cac vong chuyen hoa khac nhau, cau hoi co the thuc hien nhung kieu chiic nang giao tiep, nhirng hanh vi tai loi rat da dang, Vi the viec nghien curu cau hoi chang nhung gop phdn vao viec nghien ciiu mieu ta lai noi d6'i thoaj, nh^m hinh ky nang giao tiep b^ng'm6t ngon ngu (vai tu each tieng me de hay ngoai ngu), ma giai dap rat nhieu van de co y nghia ly thuyet va thuc ti6n ciia ngu dung hgc Nguai ta da su dung cau hoi nhu' mot cong cu quan trgng de xac dinh doi tugng, nhiem vu va dinh huong tu O day, cai chua biet, cai an so lai nam moi tuang quan nhat dinh vai cai da biet Bai vay, nghien ciiu cau hoi la m6t nhung va'n de rat dang dugc quan tam cua ngii dung hgc Van dt nghien curu cau may chuc nam gan day da co nhung buac phat trien quan trgng Trong cac hanh vi ng6n ngu, nguai la hat nhan cua hanh vi Cac hanh vi ngon ngu (tai idi hoac mugn lai) ma nguai noi thuc hien thuc su la mot bg phan ca'u binh dien cua cau, la muc dfeh huong tai cua cac cugc giao tiep ngon tir hien thuc Va, chfnh no la nhan to chi phoi toan bg cau true ngir nghia - ngii dung cua cau nhu m6t chinh th6 thong nha't ben trong, d6ng thai gdn no vai cau khac, cac hanh vi ngon ngu khac lai noi Nghien ciiu cau vai tfnh each la sir the hien hanh vi ngon ngir, tiic la nghien ciiu no cac dong tir hanh chiic, gin lien vdi ngu* canh, vai dieu kien su dung hien thuc cac hanh vi ngon ngu Nhirng nhan to ca ban dugc chu y tai la: a Nguai noi, nguoi nghe (hay nhung nguai tham gia giao tiep) b Thai gian, dia diem phat ngon c Nhiing dac trung di kem cua nhan to nhu y do, muc dfeh giao tiep, von tri thiic nen, tinh cam y chf, thai danh gia gan vai tirng kieu di6n ngon Cai doi tugng ma ngii nghia - ngu dung quan tam khong phai chi la noi dung menh d6, cai loi mieu ta cua cau gin vdi ben ngoai ma la trinh bay ngii nghia - ngu dung cua no phan cua hanh vi ngon ngir II Pham vi doi tugng nghien ciru Trong pham vi luan van nay, chiing t6i chi khao sat hinh thiic va noi dung cac loai cau hoi chfnh danh tieng Anh va tieng Viet, chi cac phuang tien tao lap cau hoi tieng Anh va tieng Viet, tii rut dugc ke't luan ve nhimg dac diem tuang ling va kh6ng tuang ling giira cau hoi chfnh danh hai ngon ngir III Phuang phap nghien ciru De CO the lam dugc nhu tren , chiing toi tien hanh phan tfch cau hoi tren ca sa dua vao cac nhan to nhu muc dich, y 66 giao tiep, von tri thiic sSn co de tij' CO the xay dung nhirng dinh huong thfch hgp nhu* so sanh, thay the Viec phan tfch doi hoi mot su phoi hgp linh hoat giira cac mat sau day: - Quan sat cac loai hinh cau hoi chfnh danh mot each khach quan - Phan tfch va so sanh cau hoi chfnh danh giiia tie'ng Anh va tie'ng Viet qua su phan tfch va t6ng hgp cac dac trung cua doi tugng, lay tieng Anh lam ngon ngii goe, va tie'ng Viet lam ngon ngir dfeh - Su dung cong cu mieu ta ngon ngu' hgc mot each co dinh huong - So sanh m6t so ti6u thuye't van hgc va truyen cuoi thai ky hien dai bao gom ban gdc tieng Anh va ban dich tie'ng Viet, - Khao sat cau hoi qua cac giao trinh giang day tie'ng Anh hien dang thinh hanh va thuc te giao tiep hang vai nguai noi tieng Anh va tieng Viet * Tu lieu diing de khao sat, mieu ta la cac cau dugc trfch dan td* mot sd tac pham song ngir Co the lai dich chua that dugc Viet hoa, nhung de dam bao tfnh trung thuc ciia van ban, chung toi trfch nguyen IV Bd cue cua luan van Luan van se dugc cau true ba chuang vai noi dung ca ban nhu sau: Chuang Mot sd van de chung ve cau hoi va cau hoi chfnh danh, Chuang II Mieu ta cau true va phuang tien bieu hien cau hoi chfnh danh tidng Anh va tieng Vi6t Chuang III Nhirng net tuang ddng va khac biet ve cau true va phuang tien bieu hien cau hoi chfnh danh giira tie'ng Anh va tie'ng Viet Ngoai ba chuang chfnh, luan van co phan md dau, phan ket luan, phu luc cac bang thdng ke, phu luc ve ngir lieu so sanh, cac ngudn tu lieu trfch din va tai Ii6u tham khao chfnh CHUDNG I MOT SO VAN DE CHUNG y ^ VE CAU HOI VA CAU HOI CHINH DANH 1.1 Vai quan niem hien ve cau hdi Noi nang la mot hoat dong giao tiep Moi cau ndi la mot hanh dong co chiic nang nha't dinh Khi ndi mdt cau, ngudi ndi da thre hien mot hanh dong nha't dinh, nghia la xac nhan mdt menh de, nhung '^di-ig hoi cung thuc hien mot hanh dong cd muc dich giao tiep nao dd nhu trinh bay, ke lai, hdi, tra Idi, phu dinh, khang dinh phan bac, lenh Dd la mot hanh dong tai Idi Cach nghi truyen thdng la ndi mdt cau, ta chi cd the thuc hien dugc mot ba viec: Tran thuat Hdi Cau khien (ra lenh hay nhd va) Sd dl nhu vay la nhi6u ngon ngG cd su phan biet rat ro ve hinh thiic ngir phap giiia ba loai cau Can cii vao hinh thiic de phan loai cau la can thiet, song khong the coi day la su phan loai theo muc dfeh ndi nang, vi khdng dung vdi thuc te su dung (Theo tac gia Cao Xuan Hao - [9-tr.211] ),Hay so sanh ba cau dudi day: a Anh co thera hanh lang dm mot lat duac khong? b Chung toi mod anh hanh lang dai mot lat c Phien anh hanh lang dai mot /iir.(*Cac vf'du lay tii "So thao ngir phap chiic nang"- Tap I cua tac gia Cao Xuan Hao.) 183 307 Phipps, when did this letter arrive? Nay anh Phip, thu tdi liic nao? (M.N.C- 170; 171) 308 When did he call you that? Nhung han ta da ggi dng nhu vay luc nao? ( C C - 146; 147) 309 When was the last time you get examined by specialist? Anh kham lan cud'i hdi nao? (B.G-317; 485) 310 When are you going to fix it? Khi nao thi anh mdi gan? (C.C-170; 171) 311 When was that? Vay la nao? (C.C-94;171) 3.6 Hoi ve nai chdn vd chuyen ddng (vdi WHERE) 312 Where does she live? Ba ay d dau? (J.E - 234; 392) 313 Where your brothers and sisters live? The' anh chi em cd sdng d dau? (J.E- 127; 242) 314 And yet, where was the Jane Eyre of yesterday? - where was her life? Where were her prospects? Ay the ma dau la co Era ciia hom qua? Dau la dai c6? Dau la nhimg vien tuang cua hanh phuc (J.E-309; 521) 84 315 Johnny, where is the Polish border? Johnny, bien gioi Ba Lan a cho nao? ( C C - 161; 162) 316 Where is he? The ong ay dau.-' (J.E - 270; 450) 317 Where did you leave your furred cloak? Cdn ao choang Idt Idng cua anh, anh de dau rdi? (J.E - 224; 409) 318 Where are you going? Anh di dau? (CC-192; 193) 319 Where the hell are you going? Dau day? (G.G - 240; 368) 320 But where were you yesterday? Nhung hdm qua anh di dau? (CC - 144; 145) 321 Where are you going to, Helen? Nhung chi sap di dau chii, Helen? (J.E-85; 162) 322 Where are you going? Cd dinh di dau the? (J.E-145; 271) 323 Where have you been? Anh vira di dau da'y? ( C C - 110; 111) 85 324 Where the dickens is she? Cua na ay di dech dau roi the nay? (J.E-216; 396) 325 Where the devil is Rochester? Ong Rdchexto di quai dau khdng biet? (J.E-216; 396) 326 Where was Luca Brasi? Thang cha Luca Bradi bien di dang nao the nhi? (B-G - 85; 136) 327 Where the hell was paulie anyway? Ma thang qui nd bien di dang nao the nhi? (B.G - 82; 132) 3.7 Hoi ve nguyen nhdn (WHY, WHAT FOR) 328 Why did you wish to meet my husband, Mrs cheveley? Ba Seveiy, vi ba lai mudn gap nha tdi? (M.N.C - 78,79) 329 Why you want me to mary you after never calling me all these months? Nhung sau bao nhieu thang trdi khdng ggi dien cho em, tai bdng dung anh lai mudn lay em? (B.G-363; 542) 330 Then why didn't you warn me? The khdng bao trudc cho tdi? (B.G-373; 555) 186 331 Helen, why you stay with a girt whom everybody believes to be a liar? Helen, chi lai ngdi vdi mdt diia ma tat ca mgi ngudi deu tin la mdi ke gian ddi? (J.E-71; 137) 332 Why did I weep? Lam tdi khdc? (B.G - 30; 39) 333 But why are you walking backwards? Nhung lam anh phai di giat lui nhu the? (CC - 286; 287) 334 Why are you so tired? Cdn em lai met? (C.C-46;47) 335 Why, then, should we ever sink overwhelmed with distress, when life is so soon over, and death is so certain an entrance to happiness to glory? Vay thi cd le nao ta lai u rii vi budn kho, ma cudc sdng rdi ciing sdm qua di va cai chet mdi la cira ngd chac chan dua chiing ta tdi han phuc, tdi vinh quang ? (J.E-71; 139-140) 336 Say, Father, what causes gout? Thua cha, benh giit la dau? (CC - 235; 236) 337 To what you owe your great success? Anh dugc cdng ldn la dau? ( C C - 188, 189) 187 338 What is your reason for saying so? VJ le gi dng lai ndi the? (J.E - 375; 562) 339 What is the fund for? Quy a'y diing de lam gi? ( C C - 186; 187) 340 What were you opening the window for? The' cd dang md cira de lam gi day? (J.E - 32; 68) 341 Why we have to hand over the money we earned? Ddng tien nit rudt cua minh, cd li dau lai dem cdng nd dugc? (B.G-201; 308) 3.8 Hoi ve tinh chdt, ddc diem cua vdt, phuang thitc hoat ddng (vai HOW) 342 How did school go today? Hdm trudng hgc the nao? (C.C-50;51) 343 How did you sold the problem? Ban da giai quyet ndi khd xir nhu the nao? (C.C-124; 125) 344 How you it? Anh lam each nao vay? (C.C - 45; 46) 345 But how can I it? Nhung tdi phai lam the nao bay gid? (M.N.C - 244; 245) 188 346 How can youn keep in good health? Lam the nao ma cd cd the giii cho khoe manh dugc? (J.E-33; 71) 347 What could I to remedy the injury? Lam the nao ma tdi cd the sira chiia dugc sir bat cdng dd? (J.E - 34; 73) 348 How can I save him? Tdi cd the lam gi de ciiu anh ta? (C.C-83;84) 349 How will you make him take less ? Cau cd each gi ma nit dugc the"? (B.G-203; 311) 350 How will that affect him? Han se phan ling sao? (B.G-117; 185) 351 How was your memory when you were eighteen, sir? Thua dng, the' hdi mudi tam tuoi thi hdi lie cua dng sao? (J.E- 142; 265) 352 How come you no call up no more? Sao lau khdng thay chau ggi dien cho bac? (B.G-358; 537) 353 How did you get dressed so fast? Sao mac qudn ao nhanh vay? ( C C - 150; 151) 354 How dare you affirm that, Jane Eyre? Lam may dam ndi nhu the hd Jen Ero kia? (J.E-19; 78) 189 355 How come these guys stopped their operation? The tai ve sau lai ngimg? (B.G - 392; 589) 356 How can I approve or disapprove? Chau biet dang nao ma tan hay khdng tan (B.G - 298; 456) 357 How does your jaw feel, kid? Ham may the nao, chii em? (G.G - 144; 227) 358 How is your husband feeling? The bd nghT ve viec ay hd me? (B.G-393; 591) 359 How is your wife? Cd vg cu rdi? (CC-155; 156) 360 How are you today? Hdm chi cd khoe khdng? (C.C-130; 131) 361 How are you, Tom? Khoe chii, Tom? (B.G - 35; 48) 362 How are you tonight Helen? Tdi em tha'y the' nao, Helen? (J.E-74; 143) 363 How much is the Turk paying you to set my father up Captain? Dai uy, thang Tho dua dng bao nhieu de dng ban dng gia tdi cho han? (B.G-128; 203) 90 364 .and how old are you? Va ba bao nhieu tudi? ( C C - 156; 157) 365 How long shall we be before we get there? Chiing ta phai di mat bao lau mdi tdi noi? (J.E-98; 187) 366 How many children you have? Chi cd bao nhieu con? (CC - 48; 49) 367 How far is it? Di xa lam khdng? (J.E-43; 88) 368 How right is he figuring? The' tinh toan cua dng ta dung dugc may phan? (B.G-413; 626) 369 What is her age? Nd bao nhieu tudi rdi? (J.E - 32, 69) 370 What age were you when you went to Lowood? Hdi de'n Ldut cd cao bao nhieu tudi? (J.E- 129; 244) 371 How did he figure that? Nhung dng can cii vao dau ma tinh nhu the chii? (B.G- 188; 291) 392 How could she serve me? Ba ta hdi tdi mudn diing gi? (J.E - 343; 550) 191 373 Hey, Nino, how'd you like to come out here and work for me? Nino, may xem co sang day lam an voi tao dugc kliong? (B.G- 179; 277) 374 How dare you threaten him or me? Sao ba dam doa toi hoac ch6ng toi? (M.N.C- 158; 159) 375 How the hell is he going to get me the Award? Nhung cai Oscar thi cu co kiem cho t6i dugc khong da? (B.G- 170; 265) 192 CAC NGUON Tir LIEU TRICH DAN HANH PHUC NGAN NGUI CUA FRANXIT MACOMBO (H.P.N.N Tieu de bang tieng Anh : THE SHORT HAPPY LIFE OF FRANCIS MACOMBER (H.P.O.M.) (sach song ngii Anh - Viet.) Tac gia: Ernest Hemingway Ngudi dich; Mac Mac (NXB Ngoai van - Ha Ndi 1985) 20 TRUYEN NGAN CHON LOC ANH - VIET ( 20 T.N.C.L.) (sach song ngii Anh - Viet.) Ngudi dich: Nguyin Thi Ai Nguyet - Cdt Tien (NXB phd Hd Chi Minh - 1998) BO GIA (B.G.) Tac gia: Mario Puzo Ngudi dich: Trinh Huy Ninh - Dodn Tic Huyen (NXB Van hoc- 1999) CHUYEN TINH (C.T.) Tieu de bang tieng Anh : THE LOVE STORY ( L.S.) (Sach song ngii Anh - Viet) Tac gia : Erich Segal Ngudi dich: Hoang Cuang - Bich Thuy (NXB Thanh nien - Ha Ndi - 2000) THANH NGC-TyC NGlT- CA DAO VIET-ANH THONG DUNG (T.N-C.D) Bien soan: Nguyin Dinh Hdng (NXB Giao due- 1999) JEN ERO (J.E.) Tac gia: Sac lot Brdnti Ngudi dich: Trdn Anh Kim (NXB van hoc - 2000) M O T NGUC)I C H O N G L Y T U N G (M.N.C) Tieu de bang tieng Anh : AN IDEAL HUSBAND (I.H.) (Sach song ngii Anh - Viet) Tac gia: Oxca Oai da Ngudi dich: Hodng Nguyen (NXB The gidi - Ha Ndi 1998) CHUYEN CUCil NUCC ANH (C.C.) Trich dich tiif: COMPLETE SPEAKER S GALAXY OF FUN>JY STORIES JOKES AND ANECDOTES (F.S.) (sach song ngii Anh - Viet) Tac gia: Winston K.Penetleton Ngudi dich: Nguyin Manh (NXB Ddng Nai - 1996) THE GOD FATHER (G.F) - Tac gia : Mario Puzo (Arrow Book - London - 1998) 10 JANE EYRE (J.E) - Tac gia : Charlote Bronte' (Oxford University Press - 1993) 194 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO CHINH / SACH TIENG VIET Diep Quang Ban 1985, Thu bdn ve ca che chuyen di tir loai tieng Viet Tap chi Ngdn ngu sd Le C^n Cu Dinh Tu - Hoang Tue, 1962, Gido trinh Viet ngu Tap I - Nxb Giao due - Ha Ndi Dd Hiru Chau 1981, TM- v:,ng ngU nghia tieng Viet Nxb Giao due - Ha Ndi Dd Hiiu Chau Bui Minh Toan, 1993, Dai cuang Ngdn ngu hoc Tap I Nxb Giao due Ha Ndi Dd Hiiu 1995, Gido trinh gidn yeu ve ngic dung hoc Chau Nxb Giao due Hue' Wallace L Chafe , (ngudi dich: Nguyin Van Lai), 1998, Y nghla vd cdu true cua ngdn ngic Nxb Giao due Le Ddng , 1996, Ngic nghia - ngic dung cdu hoi chinh danh Luan an Phd tien sT Khoa hoc Ngii van Ha Ndi Nguyin Van Do , 1999, Nhiing yeu td ldm bien ddi luc ngdn trung cua loi thinh cdu tieng Anh vd tieng Viet Tap chi Ngdn ngii hoc sd Trung tam khoa hoc xa hdi va nhan van qudc gia Vien Ngdn ngii hoc, Cao Xuan Hao 1992, Tieng Viet sa thdo ngU phdp chiec ndng , Quyen I ,N.X.B Giao due 195 10 V B Kasevich , 1998, Nhung yeu to ca sd cua ngdn ngii hoc Dai cuang Nxb Giao due 11- Hd Le , \919, Tim hieu ndi dung hoi vd cdch thitc the hien nd tieng Viet hien dai Tap chf Ngdn ngu' sd 12 J Lyons , (ngudi dich: Vuong Hiiu Le), 1997, Nhdp mdn ngdn ngU hoc ly thuyet Nxb Giao due 13 Hoang Trong Phien , 1980, Ngicphdp tieng Viet - Cdu Nxb Dai hoc va Trung hoc Chuyen nghiep Ha Ndi 14 F.D Saussure , 1973, Gido trinh ngdn ngU hoc dai cuang Nxb Khoa hoc Xa hdi 15 Hoang Xuan Tam - Nguyin Van Bang - Biii Tai Tuom - Cao Xuan Hao, 1992, Cdu tieng Viet Nxb Giao due 16 Nguyin Hiiu Tai , 1996, Ngicphdp tieng Viet Nxb Dai hoc Qudc gia Ha Ndi 17 Le Quang Thiem , 1989, Nghien cdu ddi chieu cdc ngdn ngic Nxb Dai hoc va Giao due chuyen nghiep 18 Nguyin Minh Thuyet- Nguyin Van Hiep, 1998, Thdnh phdn cdu tieng Viet Nxb Dai hoc Qudc gia - Ha Ndi 19 UBKHXHVN, 1983, NgU phdp tieng Viet, Nxb Khoa hoc xa hdi Ha Ndi 20 Hoi ngdn ngu hoc Viet nam , Trudng Dai hoc Su pham Ngoai ngii Ha ndi, 1983, Nhiing vdn de Ngdn ngU vd dich thuat, Ha ndi 196 // SACH TIENG ANH: 21 Bach E., 1971 Linguistic Inquiry 22 Baker C.L, 1968, Indirect Question in English, Ph D dissertation University of Illinois 23 Belnap N., 1963, An Analysis of Questions 24 Dik S C, 1997, The Theory of Functional Grammar (Part II) Moun de Gruyter, Berlin - New York 25 Galperin I.R., 1981, Stylistics, Moscow Vyssaja Skola 26 Givon T - 1990, (Syntax) Afunctional Typological In troduction (Vol II), John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam ?Philadenphia 27 Halliday M.A.K, 1985, An Introduction to Functional Grammar 28 Hofmann Th R., 1995, Realms of Meaning (An Introduction to Semantics), London and New York 29 Irtenyveva N.F - Barsova O.M-Blokh M.Y-Shapkin A.P, 1969, A Theoretical English Grammar (Syntax), Higher Shool Publishing House, Moscow 30 Jacobs R A, 1995, A Grammar for English Language professionals (English Syntax), Oxford University Press 31 Newmark P., 1988, A Textbook of Translation, Prentice Hall 32 Quirk R - Greenbaums, 1973, A University Grammar of English, Australian Government 33 Quirk R - Greenbaum S.-Leech G - Svartvik J., 1972, A Grammar of Contemporary English, Longman House 197 34 Thomson A.J- Martinet A.V., 1989, A Practical English if Grammar, Oxford University Press 35 Wall R., 1977, Syntax and Semantics of Questions., Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland D Reidel ... chfnh danh tieng Anh chia lam ba loai, va cau hdi chfnh danh tieng Viet dugc chia lam hai loai, Tren ca sd ,d chuang II, chiing tdi se tien hanh khao sat cau tnic cau hdi chfnh danh tieng Anh va... cau hoi chfnh danh mot each khach quan - Phan tfch va so sanh cau hoi chfnh danh giiia tie'ng Anh va tie'ng Viet qua su phan tfch va t6ng hgp cac dac trung cua doi tugng, lay tieng Anh lam ngon... chinh danh 37 Tieu ket 38 1.3 Chuang IL Mieu ta cau true va phuffng tien bieu hien cau hoi chinh danh tieng Anh va tieng Viet 40 C&'u true va phuang tien bieu hien cau hoi chinh danh tieng 2.1 Anh