Đề cương ôn tập xã hội học NHẬN ĐỊNH CÓ ĐÁP ÁN

On tip mon : XA HOI HQC DAI ClTONG •Gia dinh •Nhom bpn thin •Hpc duGng (tru^ng hoc) Nh^ng tri thi>c mii, nhing cin •Du luin XH phai la dim ding bo lanh dgo cin b0 quan ly, nhung liin quan din nhiiu nguii trin nhi kinh doanh xuat than ti> nong binh dien nhit dinh nio di Ciu 43: Phan bi^t du luan XH vo-i din cangngay cing ting tin don nhu thi nio? •Phuong ti^n thing tin dpi ching Ciu 39: Tri thuc li gi? Tin don chi la tin tCrc vi mit su Ciu 35: yiu ti nao inh huGng ^hh^nggiijn^iinih than (kiirt yi quail tfong nhit din qui trinh vifc, mit su ki0n nio di ci thit XHHc4nhin7"" hO-c) hoic khing ci th$t hoac chT la •Gia dinh 14 yiu ti quan • Phin lin 100% ggi li tri thCrc deu phin sy thit duyc Ian truyin tu nhit xuit thin tCr cing nhin, nong din nguii niy sang nguii # Tin din Bii 4: X Hpl Hoc v4 co- ciu xa hdi cau 36: khai ni#m co ciu XH 14 Ciu 40: Co ciu nghi nghi^p Xa ii- d?c trung cua so phin cdng tri du luin cua mit nhim, lao ding thdi ky qui di len CNXHidjl •ia kit ciu v4 hinh thCrc t6 chCrc bin cua m0t hi thing xa hii mit tip thi IGn hay nho co sy Gim cd dpc trung Tinh chit khdng ding nhit vi nhit djnh, bieu hiin nhu li mit sy kinh ti- xa hii cua lao ding vin tin phan xit danh gii vi sy viic,~sy ki^n di C4u 44: Du luan XH duo>c hlnh thinh qua miy buGc? co buGc •BuGc 1: chimg kiin vi mit sy thing nhit timng dii bin vQ*ng cua cic nhin ti, cic mii liin hi, cic Cin ci sy phin bi^t vi tinh chit vi^c, mit hiin tuyng, mit qua trinh vi nii dung cua lao ding (nghe, nhin, doc) C4u 41: co ciu xa hdi- cing •BuGc 2: Qua trao dii, ban luin thing xa hdi di ddng lanh thi du^c nhpn dien vi cac cam nghi •Nh&ng thinh ti too bi khung nhu thi nao? •BuGc 3: cac loai y kiin khac cho tit ca cic xa hii loii nguoi, •ThuGng ding ranh giGi ty nhiin phin co bin nhit cua hi nhu-ng thinh ti co ban di li Vai tro, lanh thi di phin chia thinh vi thi, nhim vi cic thiit chi Ciu 37: die diim co ciu giai cip xa h^i nu^e ta hi^n la gi? C6 die diim •Tinh chit Xa hii hoi •Co ciu giai cip xa hii cua rhit xa h0i cin chim phit triin •Co ciu giai cip xa hii dang thii k^ chuyin hoi Cfiu 38:Nguy6n nhan nio lam cho giai cip Nong Din co xu hudnggiim? tCrng vCing riing khic nhau: nhu •BuGc 4: tir sy phin xit danh gii bin niy sing 14 tinh Long An, ben chung di tGi lip truGng hanh ding thing nhit neu cac kien nghj vi sing li Thinh Phi Hi Chi Minh •Ngoai lanh thi thi dung cit mic phin chia ranh giGi: nhu Viit Nam giip Trung Qu6c thi gi^a diim giao luu thong duGng bien hopt ding thyc tiin ^ Cau 45: NhQ>ng yiu ti nao tic ding den du luan XH? Ci yiu ti •Du luin XH phy thuic vao trinh nguGi ta se lam Cot Mic phin di hiiu biit vao tinh chit cua cic chia sy kiin, hiin tugng vi qui trinh Bai 5: Xa hii hoc vi du> lu#n XH C6 3lydo XH vi thing tin dpi chung •Du luin XH phy thuic vio trinh Cau 42: xa hdi hoc vi du luan XH •Viic xam nhip fnanh me cua 14? khoa hpc ky thu#t hi^n dai vio •Du luin XH 14 hipn tuyng XH nong nghiip lim nong dan ci so dpc biit, biiu thi thai •Nghl nghi|p chu ylu Id ndng XH tru cua ngirdi mang dnh sang nghi|p,Lli sing gian dj vd quan h| •Du lu#n XH co chuc nang vdn minh hi|n dai din nhirng vung gian don so vPi thdnh thj gido due ndng thdn, ngheo nan, lye hdy •H| thing chfnh quyln nhilu ~ Chi>c ndng kiem soat cua du nhlm thay dli Dp mat vd chit ^tllPgcl.quyln lye blng h| thing 1u|nXH lirpng cu^c sing cua cac vung dan ddng t|c, tin giao suytdnvdi ede Bdi 6: Xa Hoi Hoc 06 Thj chuan myc tdn giao trdn Cau 47: D#c diem cua thj dli ctr Cdu 50: Dd thj hod bieu hipn nhu •Vdn hod ndng thdn truyln thing v&i ndng thdn 16 gi? d|c trung Id vdn hod ddn gian, •Od thj Id trung tdm, dlu nao cua thlnao? thong qua cac le h|i ca hdt, hi, • Ti l| ddn si ngdy cang tang, quy m|t khu vyc vl t^t ca mpi mat ho^, dilu chinh cac mli quan h| vd v.v •"Biirifij Id mdi trudng nhdn tao md-nge^^dng-phinli ta onmli dd th| Cdu-54rSy-khtC"Bi|f gTB^T rlt cao, thdnh ph6 cdng hi$n dpi •Si lu-ong ede dd thj mdt thj va ndng thdn la gi? mtpc d^ m6i truPng nhdn tao cang qulc gia tdng Idn Ding thdi xult •Ndng thdn Id ndng nghipp, hi^n nhung diem or ddn kilu dd thj thj chu ylu nghl nghipp Id phi ndng cao •Cupc song dd thj Id noi phi>c tap kit qua qud trinh cog nghi|p nghipp hod nhat so vdi khu vyc •Ndng thdn, xa h|i ndng thdn, Cau 48: Ldi song dd thj vd dd thj •Sy phat triln vd anh hirong cua thdnh thj xa h|i thj ddn hoa? dd thj cac vung xung quanh trdn •C|ng ding XH ndng thdn Id c|ng •L6i sing dd thj ding xlm Idng, cln thdnh thj Id + dupe hinh tren todn b| co qui md toan xa h|i nhy Ian trdn lli sd v|t chit, dilu kin sing, hodn sing dd thj, quan h| giao tilp dd thj, c|ng ding dudng phi- khu phi canh van hod dd thj •Ndng thdn ngodi lu|t cd l| + tinh co d|ng nghl nghidp xa h|i Cdu 51: Cac cdn b^nh dd thj Id gi' Idng Lli sing ndng thdn gian dj, Nd dupe bilu hi^n nhu: tie vd khdng gian xa h|i rlt cao chdn th|t, xdm gilng, lli sing dd + cac hoat ding sinh hoat ca nhdn huyet mach giao thdng nhiem thj Id biln d|ng, thich ung vd gia dinh phu thupc vdo nhilu mdi trudng, gia tdng ddn si qua •Vdn hod ndng thdn dpm ndt ddn cac djch vy cdng cpng vd djch vy nhanh, muc d^ gia tang ndy vupt gian, vdn hod dd thj vdn hoa bde to nhdn qua sy kilm sodt Rli loan nhjp hpc, truyen thing dpi chung v v + nhu cau vl van hoa XH, vd giao d|p day Id cdn b|nh phan dnh sy Cau 55: nhung dilu kipn lam cho dye tri thi>c rlt cao, rlt phong phu khlng hod nh|p giua ede lli sing ndng thdn xfch Ipi thj nhu vd da dang khac cua cac nhom ddn cu khdc + vl pham vi giao tilp cua nguOi dd thj rlt rpng, khdng chi B|nh to dlu hi|n tupng mlt cdn pham vi qulc gia md trdn pham vi dli d mpt khu vyc hay qulc gia •Ldm cho b| m|t ndng thdn thay dli bang edeh du nhdp nh&ng vdn minh v$t chit cua thdnh phi nhu: clu true xdy dyng nha hipn dpi, tu li|u sinh hopt, ti|n nghi hipn dpi v qulc tl, cudng d^ giao tilp rlt cao, Bdi 7: Xa hoi hoc ndng thdn cac moi quan b$ nhilu chieu phi>c Cdu 52: Ndng thdn glm nhOmg •Tpo dnh hudng mpnh dd thj din nganh n^he~g\T ndng thdnlriaquy jrnd-todn-xa hpi- Gom nganh chinh Id Ndng nghip- •Cd nhung giai phdp xdy dyng vung ndng thin mdi a nh&ng vung d|ng rlt cao, y chi tiln thu manh, chdn nuli vd Trlng trpt dltmdi thai d| dan day, vd sy chu y vl Cau 53: ndng thdn cd nhung d|c •••con ngudi dd thj, cd tlnh ndng thdi gid- li^n quan ddn tinh each ph^c tap cua ddi sing dd thj.v v dilm chu ylu ndo? Cau 56: d$c trung cua x5 hpi ndng thdn vipt mm Id gi? •XHNT VN Id XHNT( xa h|i nlng thln^ vung ding nam A No vua Page 6n lap m6n : XA H0IHQC DAI ClTONG mang tfnh chit cua XHNT vung ngy^i giao tiep, Ong xi>, hdnh ddng Nam A vua mang tinh chit Ldnh&ng hdnh vi cua coh ngod-i vdng Nam A dfng mft gidi hyn c6 bien nhong ddng co khde d0 dao ddng nhat djnh xung quanh nhtrng diu biiu hifn Id ngirOi •XH vung Odng A chju dnh hudng cdc chuin myc ty cho minh dCrng ngodi, vyyt di gi^i hyn cho phdp cua XH nhiiu,_cua_kiiu XHNT Trung Qu6c, Cdu 59: di nhf n xdt danh gid sy IfcK 1?c phy thiifc yao mft so * Nh&ng kd lang thang w nho, hang xdm quin ty vao mdt manh yiu ti sau nhQ>ng ke byi dd^ cung 16 dyng dit nhd, c6 Iu9 tre bao bQC xung • Phythufc vdo vj trf c^ng quanh Id cdng ding ru0ng Trong ding, tf p thi hay nh6m, ciia sy Ifch chuin Idng mdt vdi d6ng hQ sing vdi thoOng thV ngydri d vj tri c6 vai tro BAI LjCH SCf HINH THANH VA ttr Idu ddi quan trpng phdi miu myc hon PHAT TRlN COA XA HOl HQC •XH vung nam A d phin Idn miin ngirOi khde Hon thi n&a, sy tudn Xa hoi hoc 16 khoa hoc m6i,~xa~lp rli theo bd kdnh, thu cdn 16 dirOng phin diu, 1.1 eat van do&ng hf gdm nhiiu gia dihh d nhiiu nai khde quin ty thdnh, XHH la khoa hoc du-yc xdy dyng •Nhyng o chiiu nguyc lyi, xdt vi trdn co sy cdc tiin di kho hpc vi tiin th6n Idn ede vj trl cao hon ft gin bd vdi tyc 1$ ydi nin san mft tdm iy XH, ddi ngyOi ta hay dii tyyng nghien ci>u vd phyong xuit hdng hod da c6 nhdng tiin xdt ndt v6i nhOng ngu*6i mdi gia phdp nghien ciiu XHH da dya trdn tiin di co ban din phdt thin nhfp vdo ti chOc, cdng ding •XHNT Miin Bic miin Trung cdn •Thdm nidn mdt si ti chOc cua mQi khoa hpc: mang nhiiu dfc diim cua XHNT cQng Id diu hif u di ngyOi ta de •Tien di thi> nhit cho ring gi6i ty d&ng A, nhyng chu yiu 16 nh&rig "lihh ddhg" hofc "xdt ndt" doi v^i nhidn co tinh qui luf t dfc tryng cQa XH Nam A mdt thdnh vidn •Tiin di thi> hai cho ring mgi hifn Cdu 57: phirong hydhg phdt Ciu 60: cdc dyng Ifch lye, cdc ttryng ty nhidn diu cd nguyen triih XHNT 6> Vift Nam hifn " sal Ifch" thu-6-ng gfp nhy? nhan ty nhien la gt? •NhQ*ng chuin myc tdc phong XH 1.2 Ooi tyonq nghien cfru va Cd4hydng •)6i mdi co- ciu XH lao d0ng •)6i mdi co ciu nhin khiu thuOng cho ta nh&ng khuOn miu ding loyt chCrcndnq cua xa hdi hoc a P6i tyonq nqhif n ctru •M6i mft vai tro co myc dich -Khai nifm: vS m$t thu$t ngCr, xa •Chii )f ddi m6i co ciu giai ting nhim thoa man mdt nhu ciu nao hQi hoc (sociology) (Juvc ghep ndi •B6i mdi cdc thiit che xa h6i d ddcuaXH Kr hai ch& : societas tieng Latin n6ng th6n Bai 8: sy sai lech gi< tr| Xa Hq>i •Thyc ti quin iy XH cho thiy, nghia la xa h$i va Logos tiing Hi Cau 58: Sy sai Ifch XH 16 gl? L6 Tri> cdc VI nhdn cdn hiu hit Lap nghTa Ik hpc thuyet mft hifn toyng XH tho^^ng thiy ^ ngudi blnh thu-dng du-yc xem la -Vi mft Ijch sy: Augusta Comte ddi sing xa h$i cua myi xa Idm d^ng vai trd XH mong d^i- dupe xem Ik cha dd cua XHH, hfi to xoa t^i v6 chiing thoOng nhyhg van c6 nhu-ng hdnh vi tin t^i song song vOi sy tuSn thu voyt ngodi khudn o gtdri hyn cdc chuin myc hiiu 16 cdc thdnh hanh vi khdng md XH cho phdp, chip nhfn Ciu 61: mdt dyng bieu hifn co thi xem Id " Ifch lac" hay " sai Ifch" nhy? sy 'XHH Ik khoa hpc nghien cCru du-oc chip nhfn kh6ng 16m theo •Ld nh^ng hanh vi bieu hifn sy cac quy lu$t hinh thknh, v$n d^ng khudn mfiu, nhyng phat la nhfn thCrc vd hdnh ddng trdi vdi vk phat triin moi quan hf giCra cdc hdnh vi phym phdp chuin myc xa hdi mdt edeh thodrng •Tuy theo tryng thdi tdm iy XH vd xuydn cua ng^oi ndo d6 •Trong XH mOc df "Ifch lye" nn 6ng Ik ngwoi cd cdng dwa thu$t ngukhoa hoc vao ngky 1939 Mpt vai khai nifm: GS Pham Tit Dong vd cdc cong ngudri vk xa h$i." • djnh chi XH md cho phdp Page 6n tap mon : XA HQI HQC D^I ClTGNG Bruce J.Cohen yd cdng sy "xa hdi hoc la khoa hoc nghien cuv c6 hi thing ve d&/ s6ng cua cac nhdm ngudi" Hay PGS-TS Nguyin Minh thy la nghien cuu chu di dd di ding, ty bic •> khdng cd phyc vy ly lu$n, thy di phyc vy thyctiin xh phong kidn trydc dd Din din cOng bde Id ban chit cua 2.Phai xic djnh d6i tupng vd di tai nd -> bde Idt -> khung hoing chinh nghien cyu; dii tugng cy thi vi til -> hdn loan mit phyang hydrtg H6a :"XHHIi khoa hochghi$ncCru c6 het cac quan h$ xa hdi nghiin o>u qua cic sk, ht vi qui trlnh xa h^i" —r-eua-xihhhht? tiSp can VTmd -> H$thing xi hdi -> Xa hdi -> Co cau xa hdi -> Xa hdi Virnd -> Hinh vi xa h0i -> Con ngudi -> Hinh ddng xS hdi -> Con ngudi V7md Vimd Xa hdi Con ngudi Xahdi hpc nghien ci>u ci>u: giai thuyit cin dupe hoc Dydi inh hyd-ng cua gido hdi thidn chua -> chu trpng phdt tridn thin 4.Ly giii vi thao tic hda khai ni$m - Hudng tiSp c$n vf md •> tiep c$n -Hudng tiip c$n tich hgp 2.3 Tiih'di vi Ur ty^ngi - khoa 3.Phii dya gia thuyit nghiin chCmg minh d phin ndf dung Bii tir^ng nghien ci>u cua xa hdi hoc cua My phpm vi nghien ciru hoc -> kirn ham sy phdt then khoa 5.Chpn miu nghiin ci>u hpc -> tit ci nh&ng g) giao h^i nd| BTPbybng php^ thiJ thdp thdng tin: dung Id chdn ly -> ndi kh^c -> gpi phirong phdp thu thdp thdng tin cd Id td thin •> ke thu cua nhd khoa sin, thu th#p bing bang hoi (phong hpc van), phong vin sdu (ngdi ndi Cdch mang ty san md biu chuydn tryc tiep vdi ddi tiryng khdng cdi ma -> tyo diiu kidn nghien cu-u) chinh mui cua ede ty khoa hpc Xi> ly thdng tin: nhy SPSS -> sy phdn rych rych rdi giira ede Tien de dcri cua XHH ngdnh khoa hpc -> nhy khoa hpc 2.1 Ti^n d4 v^ kinh t - xa hdi ty nhi&n vd khoa hpc xa hdi, -Khai ngudn bing cudc CMCN a cac nadc Tay Au -Sau dd Id cudc CMCN nd 6na^cAnh b Chfrc ndna cua xa hoi hoc: Cac nhd xa hdi hoc tiin bdi 3:1 Auouste Conte (1798-1857) Sinh giai doyn diy bien ddng cua xa hdi Phdp vi chinh trj, -TCr ddy tyo tiin di cho sy tdn giao kinh ti Theo dng, XHH sinh, biin ddi cua nhOng vin de phii cd nhipm vy tlm vd phat hien ct>u tim nhu-ng quy lu^t dl kham -Chyc ndng nhdn thQ^: nghien ph^ &3\ s6ng xa hOi, t^o cho ngudri co nhan quan xa h^i h