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1 INTRODUCTION Rationale for the study Human’s practical activity is activated by a system of motivation After all, the most powerful motivating force is the selfconscious activity in pursuing and satisfying their needs with a variety of benefits When studying the driving force of history, C Marx stated: "History is nothing but a human activity pursuing his own purpose" Motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools are factors created by satisfying objective needs with legitimate and personal benefits that promote positive sense of self-reliance, help them overcome the obstacles of work, bring the quality and effectiveness of teaching and scientific research increasingly high, meet the requirements of every task assigned Without motivation, lecturers of political theory work less actively, lack of creativity, it is difficult to overcome obstacles from the nature of work, making the quality of activities low, unsustainable, and cohesion between lecturers of political theory with related organization are not tight and smooth In the past years, the studies on human motivation in general and that of lecturers in particular have gained positive results, contributing to further clarifying relevant theoretical issues However, these studies are not in-depth, inadequate, and there are no studies on motivation of lecturers of political theory at military from a philosophical perspective In terms of the current situation, besides the majority of lecturers of political theory in military schools working actively, voluntarily, with strong motivation, there is a part lacking motivation, not active in fulfilling their tasks, and lack sense of responsibility, passion, creativity, commitment, and love for their jobs Several lecturers of political theory have low teaching demands and career trends are not clear Motivation constraints, both in terms of theoretical and practical research, have been hindering leaders and management at all levels involved in policy making to stimulate lecturers of political theory Simultaneously, it also held back their activeness, self-awareness and creative In the context that the military schools continue to promote the basic and comprehensive renovation of education and training under the Party's Resolution No 29 / NQ-TU (Session XI); research activities of social sciences and humanities, building military schools with new development; the ideological and theoretical struggles against views and reactionary ideas of hostile forces at home and abroad have complicated developments; ask lecturers of political theory at military to continuously improve the quality of activities Simultaneously, the negative impacts of the market economy, the change of moral values and professional values have been strongly affecting lecturers of political theory in terms of mind, emotions, responsibility, and tasks performance Thus, the thesis seeks to study their motivation and proposes solutions to motivating lecturers of political theory at military to be more active, self-conscious, creative, and passionate For the above-mentioned reasons, the author decides to select the topic "Motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today" as his doctoral thesis Purposes and tasks of the study Purposes The thesis interprets the theoretical and practical issues about the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military; proposing a system of basic solutions to promote the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military today Tasks - Giving an overview of the research situation related to the thesis topic - Clarifying the concept, characteristics and basic factors that determine the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools - Analysing and assessing the current situation and pointing out the problems raised from the lecturers of political theory at military schools - Proposing a system of basic solutions to promoting motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Object and scope of the study Object Motivation of lecturers of political theory Scope In terms of content: The thesis studies the basic theoretical issues and lecturers of political theory at military Scope of investigation and survey: Researching and examining the motivation of lecturers of political theory in the Vietnam People's Army academies and schools, such as the Political Academy, the Border Guard Academy, the Political Officers Training College, the Army Officers Training College N1, and the Army Officers Training College N2 In terms of time: The thesis uses data, documents, surveys the current situation of motivation of lecturers of political theory from 2014 July 2019 Theoretical, practical basis and methodology Theoretical basis The thesis is based on the theoretical basis of Marxism Leninism, How Chi Minh ideology, views and guidelines of the Communist Party of Vietnam on building, developing, promoting the role of teachers and development education and trading; motivation issue, the role of motivation for officers and employees in the cause of national innovation Practical basis The thesis is based on the activities of lecturers of political theory at military schools, through the relevant data of published studies, aggregated data from the results of the referendum, interviews, directives, resolutions, programs, and projects of the Party, the State, the Army and military schools today Methodology The thesis utilizes the methodology of dialectical and historical materialism The approach of the thesis is to study motivation in terms of needs, benefits and links to needs and benefits The thesis uses secondary data analysis methods: collecting, synthesizing, systematizing, processing, analysing and evaluating documents and data from reports and works published in and abroad Simultaneously, the thesis inherits the scientific theories, the approach views of domestic and foreign research works on the motivations of people, cadres, workers, and lecturers of political theory Additionally, the thesis also uses a combination of methods of interdisciplinary science: Logic and history, abstraction and generalization, statistics, sociological surveys, observations, in-depth interviews and expert’s consultancy so as to clarify the issues in the thesis New contributions of the study In terms of theory The thesis has introduced and clarified the conception, characteristics and basic factors determining motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools In terms of practice The thesis has accurately and updated the status of motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools The thesis has proposed the system of basic, synchronous and feasible solutions to promoting motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Theoretical and practical significance of the study The findings of the thesis contribute to clarify the theoretical issues on motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools At the same time, it contributes to enriching the theory of the motivations of people, workers and lecturers in institutes, colleges and universities The results of the thesis provide a scientific rationale for the leadership and educational management team to propose solutions to promoting motivation and enhance motivation, thereby improving quality of performance of the duties of lecturers of political theory at military The research results of the thesis can also be used as references, research documents, teaching, retraining, and improving the spirit, motivation, attitude, will, professional feelings of lecturers of political theory at military schools today The structure of the study The thesis includes: Introduction, chapters (11 periods), conclusions, and a list of the thesis-related works published by the author, a list of references and appendices Chapter AN OVERVIEW OF THE THESIS-RELATED RESEARCH SITUATION 1.1 The works related to motivation of people and workers 1.1.1 The foreign works Human and workers’ motivation has been paid due attention to by several scientists in the world Here are typical works: "A theory of human motivation" by Maslow; "Existence, relatedness, and grow: Human needs in organizational settings" by Alderfer; "The Motivation of works" by Herzberg; "Intentional Behaviour" by Ryan; "A theory of goal setting and task performance" by Locke and Latham; "Human motivation" by Weiner; "Work and motivation" by Vroom; and "Self-determination theory and work motivation" by Gagné and Deci The scientific works in foreign countries have shown the concept of motivation, the origin of motivation, factors affecting motivation of people and workers On that basis, they propose solutions to motivating each specific object This is a valuable resource, a premise for the author to study the theory of the motivation of political theory lecturers in military schools 1.1.2 The domestic works In the country, the studies on human and cadre motivation have been started quite early, especially from 1986 to present Typically: "The issue of promoting and properly using the motivating role of people in the cause of socio-economic development" by Le Huu Tang; "The motivation of the intellectuals in the creative labour in our country today" by Phan Thanh Khoi; "Creating job motivation for employees in the organization" by Nguyen Trang Thu; "Creating motivation for management employees in state-owned enterprises in Hanoi to 2020" by Vu Thi Uyen; "Motivating employees at stateowned economic groups in Vietnam" by Phan Minh Duc; "Improving the system of motivational tools for civil servants in state administrative agencies" by Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan; "Creating the motivation to strive and contribute to the current army cadres" by Pham Thanh Giang; "Promoting the social activism of our contingent of cadres today" by Nguyen Van Tai These works have provided the concept of motivation and factors affecting motivation of each specific object They have assessed the current situation of motivating and proposing solutions to motivate people and workers This is an important scientific premise for the thesis’s author to inherit and study the theoretical research and proposed solutions to enhancing motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today 1.2 The works related to the motivation of lecturers and lecturers of political theory 1.2.1 The foreign works There have been many studies on the motivation of university lecturers abroad Typically: "Student psychological need satisfaction and college teacher - Course evaluations" by Filak and Sheldon; "Organizational work and personal factors in employee turnover and absenteeism" by Porter and Steers; "Teacher motivation in Sub Sahara Africa and South Asia" by Paul Bennell and colleagues; "Teacher motivation in India" by Ramachandran and Shekar; "Teaching and researching motivation" by Dornyei; "Motivational issues for teacher in Higher education: A critical case of IUB" by Muhammad; "Teachers or organization?" by Menyhart The scientific works of the foreign authors have unanimously affirmed: The driving force directly affects the performance of lecturers, the development of each country's education sector The scientific works are unanimously affirmed: The motivation of lecturers in different regions and countries is motivated in a close relationship with the faculty's competence, beliefs and love of career The motivation of lecturers is influenced by several factors, both objective and subjective These scientific works are seen as the foundations for the thesis author to absorb and fulfil the thesis’s tasks and objectives 1.2.2 The domestic research works The issue of driving force, motivation, and activeness in teaching and research of lecturers and lecturers of political theory in the country have been mentioned at different levels, typically: "Researching teaching activism of university lecturers" by Nguyen Thi Tinh; "Factors affecting the working motivation of political theory lecturers at universities in Hanoi" by Nguyen Thuy Dung; "Working motivation of lecturers in non-public universities in Vietnam" by Truong Duc Thao; "Enhancing the capacity of ideological - theoretical struggle of the contingent of social science lecturers at the current People's Army schools" by Nguyen Van Thuan; "Developing human resources for high-quality social sciences and humanities in the Vietnam People's Army academies" by Pham Thanh Giang; "Promoting the social activeness of the teaching staff in the current Vietnam People's Army Officers' school" by Nguyen Van Hoa; "Promoting the motivation of lecturers in improving the quality of training and scientific research at the current Political Academy" by Bui Ngoc Quynh These scientific works have basically provided the concept of motivation and teachers’ motivation and pointed out the factors affecting motivation, motivating lecturers, and assessing the current situation of motivation Simultaneously, they have proposed solutions to motivate, increase motivation for lecturers at some specific colleges and universities These are valuable theoretical and practical bases, inherited and selected by the author to study the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today 1.3 Overview of the research results of the published works related to the thesis and the issues need addressing in the thesis 1.3.1 Overview of the research results of published works related to the thesis Firstly, the theory on motivation of people, workers, lecturers, and lecturers of political theory The relevant research works, though in different directions, have basically given the concept of motivation in general and motivated each field and each specific object with the scope and space In general, there are approaches to motivation: (1) Motivation is an element of internal strength, innate, innate, promoting human behaviour, towards achieving certain goals, (2) Motivation are factors derived from the satisfaction of needs and benefits, which play a role in motivating people to be active, selfconscious, giving high quality and durable work They have pointed out the basic factors affecting the motivation and creating motivation of each specific object Secondly, the reality of motivation of people, workers, lecturers, and lecturers of political theory The research works assess the situation on different aspects Thereby, pointing out the advantages and limitations on each issue, at the same time giving the reasons for the advantages and limitations The status of motivation is evaluated in the review works based on the basic theoretical framework, based on specific manifestations: awareness, responsibility, attitude, and behaviour of people, officials, workers and lecturers The criteria for assessing motivation are also very diverse, especially with the work that has proactively built a dynamic evaluation model, built a toolkit, a measurement of human dynamics on each specific aspect Thirdly, the solutions to creating and enhancing motivation of people, workers, lecturers and lecturers of political theory The solutions focus on ensuring benefits through salary policy; increase material and spiritual remuneration policies; building a democratic, fair, open and transparent working environment; invest in material facilities, equipment and facilities to ensure safety and efficiency in their works The scientific works should have different approaches, content, scope, and subjects, so the results are not the same; each project has its own nuance creating diversity in research The problem is related to the motivation of people, workers, and lecturers This is an important theoretical and practical premise for the second author to select into the study "Motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today" At the same time, it is also a basis for affirming that, from a philosophical perspective, there is no direct, independent, intensive and systematic study of the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today 1.3.2 The issues need addressing in the thesis Based on the results of the published works related to the dissertation topic, the thesis presented three graduate issues that the thesis should focus on solving: Firstly, the thesis focuses on building the concept of motivation and clarifies the basic factors that determine the motivation of political theory lecturers in military schools Secondly, the thesis focuses on researching and assessing the current situation of the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools Thirdly, the thesis focuses on investigating and proposing a system of basic solutions to promoting motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Conclusion of chapter Until now, there have been a number of studies on motivation in the country and in the world The basic research directions, such as: basis for forming motivation; factors affecting motivation; impact of motivation on work efficiency; roles and ways to form motivation These studies have made certain contributions From the general study of the relevant research situation, the researcher identifies a number of issues that put the thesis to focus on solving: constructing concepts, clarifying the basic factors that determine motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools; studying the motivational situation of lecturers of political theory Simultaneously, the thesis proposes some basic solutions to enhancing motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Chapter BASIC THEORETICAL ISSUES ON MOTIVATION OF LECTURERS OF POLITICAL THEORY AT MILITARY SCHOOLS 2.1 The conceptions and characteristics of motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools 2.1.1 The conception of motivation In the field of natural sciences, motivation is mainly studied in the fields of physical sciences and engineering sciences Accordingly, motivation is the energy that makes machines move That means motivation is understood as the forces that cause machines to move In engineering science, dynamic research has an independent discipline - the dynamic field with the object and task research and specialized characteristics In the field of social sciences and humanities, the term motivation is approached according to different levels According to the PhD student, there are three levels: Level one: The most common level, motivation is the impetus, makes development, is explained in association with the awareness and resolution of conflicts, through the process of fighting between opposites Regarding the unity and struggle between two opposing sides, the interaction between those two sides in the same thing, the phenomenon is the origin, is the motive, which promotes the process 10 of movement, transformation and development of things, phenomena in nature, society and ideology Level two: Access to motivation in a specific field - the social domain Motivation is associated with the role of social actors and organizations On that basis, motivation is understood as the impacts and stimuli of social entities and organizations, thereby creating social mobilization and development At different times, the motivating role of each factor is different, historical and class The subjects and organizations in society that play a role in promoting social development are diverse and plentiful, such as people, people, outstanding individuals, leaders, organizations, economic sectors, culture, politics and society Level three: Access to motivation at a specific level - human motivation, associated with needs and interests Motivation is the factors created by satisfying the objective needs with close interests, playing a role in promoting social activeness, promoting the activeness of people and each specific organization Accordingly, personality factors motivate people to be positive, self-conscious, enthusiastic, hard-working, enthusiastic in work, factors that unite them to each other, to the organizations for which they are a member, such as the need for economic benefits, material benefits; political interests, spiritual benefits; conditions of material facilities, cultural environment, fairness, democracy, beliefs, traditions, and intellect Therefore, it can be concluded that: Motivation is the factors created by satisfaction objective requirements with legitimate and close interests, motivating active, self-conscious and creative actors, thereby fulfilling operational objectives under a certain condition 2.1.2 The conception of the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools In the PhD student’s opinion: Lecturers of political theory at military schools are a part of Party cadres who have served in the military for a long time, having special functions: propaganda, teaching, research, protection, developing the Party's ideological foundation for learners at different historical periods Lecturers of political theory at military schools have some basic characteristics as follow: (1) they are those with special social position and 12 and the harmonization of needs, benefits, between common interests - private interests, immediate and long-term interests for lecturers of political theory at military schools Second, motivation for lecturers of political theory at military schools is the promotion of subjectivity, self-discipline, dynamism, creativity and subjective efforts Thereby, improving the capacity, professional qualifications, scientific knowledge, skills training, pedagogical methods, which motivates lecturers of political theory at military schools so as to better meet the increasingly demands of the work Thirdly, motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools is manifested through their perceptions, attitudes, behaviours and quality and efficiency of work In awareness: always actively aware of the goals, requirements and tasks to be directed; consciously reaching work goals; always aware of the need to find and make good use of the conditions and facilities available, find ways and methods to achieve the purpose of the job In attitude: positive and interested in teaching In behaviour: teaching right, teaching enough and exceeding the prescribed time, doing scientific research, exceeding assigned targets; always hard to research, collect and collect documents to serve the task; positive, enthusiastic, passionate about teaching students in class, actively learning and exchanging experiences Motivation is also manifested by lecturers of political theory’s quality and performance 2.1.3 The characteristics of motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools First, motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools is to satisfy the objective needs of their social position with legitimate interests, economic-material, and political-spiritual harmony Second, motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools is to satisfy the objective needs of freedom of thought with the legitimate and close benefits of democracy in teaching and researching Thirdly, motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools is to satisfy the objective needs of intellectual development and specialized talents with legitimate and close interests in training investment, fostering, layout and usage 13 At different times, different contexts, different schools manifest themselves and the degree of superiority to identify the motivational characteristics of lecturers of political theory is not the same, historical - social and individuality However, the satisfaction of the need for social status with legitimate and close benefits such as economic - material, political - spiritual benefits, through the regime of wages, promotions, promotions, or housing is a cross-cutting, easily identifiable feature of motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools 2.2 The basic factors determine motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools Motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools is governed by many factors The thesis has generalized into three basic factors 2.2.1 The system of honouring and treating policy; training, fostering, arranging and using lecturers of political theory at military schools The policy on honouring and remuneration; training, fostering, arranging and using lecturers of political theory at military schools are important factors, which are seen as "leverage" These policies are cared for, completed, and followed closely and timely to meet the needs and benefits to what extent will regulate the promotion or inhibit their activeness, selfawareness and creativity in fulfilling their tasks 2.2.2 The democratic environment at military schools At what level of development does the democratic environment in the military schools reach, the quality of goodness or limitation, satisfying the need for freedom, and how ideology will directly regulate the impulse or inhibition their positive, selfconscious, creative in performing tasks 2.2.3 The subjective factors of lecturers of political theory at military schools The subjective factors of lecturers of political theory at military schools include: awareness, interest, level of intelligence, sense of responsibility and career sentiment These factors will regulate the 14 promotion or inhibition of their activeness, self-awareness and creativity in performing the task Conclusion of chapter Motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools is the factors created by satisfying objective needs with legitimate and personal benefits, so they are also a stimulus to make lecturers of political theory become more positive, self-motivated and creative to perform the tasks of teaching, scientific researching and building the unit in each certain phase Motivation of lecturers of political theory is regulated by a number of factors The roles of each factor are not equal, yet they all determine motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools 15 Chapter MOTIVATION OF LECTURERS OF POLITICAL THEORY AT MILITARY SCHOOLS - THE CURRENT SITUATION AND THE RISEN ISSUES 3.1 The current situation of motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools 3.1.1 The advantages of motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Basically, the positive, proactive, creative, ideological and political consistency in carrying out the task of the majority of lecturers of political theory at military schools is guaranteed, maintained and sustainably promoted The vast majority of lecturers of political theory at military schools are always active, self-conscious in the awareness of the need to meet the requirements of the tasks of education - training, scientific research, and building the units into the formal, advanced, exemplary ones It enables to transform that requirement into personal needs and goals, which help to stimulate the constant efforts in learning, training and researching Most of lecturers of political theory at military schools are active, self-conscious in performing tasks, and have a positive working spirit and self-awareness, resulting in effective task performance Lecturers of political theory always maintain good interest in teaching; they really have a love of the profession, long-term aspirations to the profession, and the task of teaching and scientific research In the context of complex ideological and ideological struggles, many difficulties, high requirements, negative impacts from the market economy's negative side and the integration process, lecturers of political theory are always consistent in ideological and political style, being positive, self-conscious in performing every task assigned The spirit of commitment, dare to think and dare to take responsibility for research and teaching of lecturers of political theory is aroused and spread 16 Lecturers of political theory in military schools are always active, self-conscious, confident, boldly exchanging, expressing their views and opinions, actively participating in common activities relating to teaching and researching, in order to effectively implement the fundamental and comprehensive renovation of education and training at military schools Lecturers of political theory actively exchange and discuss democracy on everything, positively and voluntarily promote strengths and strengths of individuals, dare to think, dare to do, are willing to listen and overcome problems, shortcomings, perfecting their capacity so as to meet the requirements of their assigned tasks Lecturers of political theory at military schools are always brave in the struggle to protect freedom and democracy, fighting against opinions, reactionary ideas, and wrong views and distorting the State’s freedom of thought and democracy Lecturers of political theory in military schools now have many ways to satisfy their needs The vast majority of lecturers of political theory at military schools now tend to pursue the goal of developing capacity, professional qualification, always active, self-conscious in their work, actively accumulated, perfecting the criteria for long-term service in the school, always wanting to attend training and retraining courses, thereby developing intelligence to fulfil their tasks In addition to the organization's assignment and assignment, many lecturers of political theory now have their own intellectual development needs in their own ways, such as "self", self - study, self-training, self-study, self-selection of content, self-seeking training institutions, self-funding for learning to improve professional knowledge 3.1.2 The limitations on the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Some lecturers of political theory are not active and self-aware in the awareness of the mission as well as the need to meet the requirements of the tasks of education - training, scientific research in military schools team; great inertia, contentment stops; afraid to study, to forge, to study, to class, often with expression of coping, perfunctory, "crop" in performing their tasks 17 A number of lecturers in political theory’s motivation in performing their tasks is not high, often have an attitude of anxiety, anxiety, even expressing boredom, indifference to work, and the thought of "being safe usually", with the thought that "the grass is always greener in the other side of the hill", with the thought of not working wholeheartedly in one place, calculating and looking for a higher income or not really urgent, close needs A part of lecturers of political theory at military schools now appears to be moderately thinking, teaching, researching lack of creativity, apathy, overtaking, roughly finished, not interested in the work’s quality and efficiency In meetings, they are not positive in learning, their speeches are not constructive, particularly, there are lecturers of political theory who express their lack of knowledge about and political theory; some lecturers of political theory express lack of faith in the success of the revolution, and the renovation cause initiated and led by our Party The decreased interest in careers, self-orientation of needs, career values, and benefits of a part of lecturers of political theory in military schools have been limited, and there have been many manifestations of ideology and behaviour in pursuit of needs, personal interests, attaching importance to purely needs, economic and material benefits, indifferent life, only demanding, enjoying, lack of gratitude and political - spiritual needs 3.1.3 The causes of the advantages and limitations of motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today The causes of the advantages of the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Firstly, the Party, the State, the army and the military schools have had policies of honouring and treating well, corresponding to the social position of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Secondly, the training, fostering and use of lecturers of political theory in military schools are often paid attention to, renewed and perfected Thirdly, the democracy of lecturers of political theory in military schools is now well recognized, highly appreciated and promoted 18 Fourthly, each lecturer of political theory in military schools has been promoting good quality, capacity and intellectual level to perform the tasks of teaching and researching The causes of the limitations of motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Firstly, the policy of honouring and treating lecturers of political theory at military schools remain slow in renovation and insufficient Secondly, the current policy of training, fostering, arranging and using lecturers of political theory at military schools is still limited, unconnected and inconsistent Thirdly, the democratic environment in military schools currently at some points has not been well promoted Fourthly, the subjective factor of the political theory lecturer in military schools has not been stirred up appropriately 3.2 The issues rise from the current situation of motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools From the current situation of the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools over the past time, the thesis draws some contradictory issues, requiring leadership, management at all levels and lecturers to raise awareness with an aim to promote the activeness and self-awareness of lecturers of political theory at military schools in the time to come 3.2.1 The economic - material, political - spiritual needs and interests of lecturers of political theory at military schools today are of great urgency, the ways of satisfaction often change, but the policy of honouring and treatment are not relevant The socio-economic development of the country as a demand, the benefit of lecturers of political theory at military schools now increases in all aspects However, the benefits through mechanisms and policies of the Party, the State, the Army and military schools with lecturers of political theory are not relevant and lack of focus Thus, it is necessary to find basic, synchronous and feasible solutions to overcome this issue 3.2.2 The needs and benefits of freedom of thought and democracy are complicated, approached by the subjective lens of 19 lecturers of political theory, yet the method of satisfaction complies with the objective principle of the collective Lecturers of political theory are those who carry out a specific task, the task itself requires a high demand for freedom of thought and is mainly approached under the subjective lens Meanwhile, the way to satisfy and satisfy that need follows the objective, normative principle, depending on the collective awareness, consciousness and decision Hence, it is necessary to have specific solutions to build a truly democratic environment with freedom of thought, which enable lecturers of political theory to fulfil their tasks 3.2.3 The needs and benefits of intellectual development are universal, but the conditions of self-satisfaction of lecturers of political theory at military schools are of unique features The development of revolutionary missions and the educational and training missions in military schools place high demands on lecturers of political theory, making their intellectual development objective and universal But this universality does not agree with the ability of each lecturer to be self-satisfied, which is very diverse, rich and complex This issue poses the necessity to develop intellect for lecturers of political theory Accordingly, when promoting their motivation, it is vital to take the characteristics of each individual person into consideration Conclusion of chapter Motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools has many advantages, yet there exist some certain limitations and shortcomings The current situation of motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools poses a number of issues as follow: (1) The needs and economic - material, political-spiritual benefits of lecturers of political theory at military schools are urgent, the mode of satisfaction is often changing, but the system of honour and treatment is not relevant; (2) The demands and benefits of freedom and democracy are relatively complicated, firstly approached by the subjective lens of lecturers of political theory, but the method of satisfaction always complies with the principle of the 20 collectives; (3) The needs and benefits of intellectual development are universal, but the conditions of self-satisfaction of lecturers of political theory at military schools are of unique features 21 Chapter BASIC SOLUTIONS TO PROMOTING MOTIVATION OF LECTURERS OF POLITICAL THEORY AT MILITARY SCHOOLS TODAY 4.1 Raising awareness and responsibility of leaders and managers on promoting motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today This solution is considered as vital in order to promote motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today For superior subjects of military schools: Constantly raising awareness of the strategic position of human issues and human factors, the position and role of lecturers, the government, the role of promoting their motivation in improving the quality of education training, scientific research at military schools today There is a need to raise awareness and take responsibility for the role of benefit-value orientation; have a view of leading, directing and supervising military schools in implementing policies of training, fostering, arranging and using lecturers of political theory; continue to have policies and measures to propagate deeply and broadly so that officials and lecturers of political theory at military schools can see the rights and obligations towards the implementation of democracy and intellectual development For the subject of the Board of Directors of military schools: Continuing to take measures to raise the awareness and responsibility of the leaders and educational managers of subordinates in military schools; direct closely, ensure the priority of attention and harmonize the settlement of legitimate and necessary needs and interests, suitable to the professional characteristics and specific characteristics; make all military leaders and managers in military schools aware of the need to promote that role through proactive, self-conscious impacts, using factors stimulate, attract and motivate lecturers of political theory in performing their duties For the leaders, educational managers at the department level, lecturers of political theory at military schools: Enhancing the understanding of the role of political theory lecturers, about the driving forces push and ways to actively promote pedagogical labour and job creation; proactively planning and implementing effectively 22 relevant documents and directives, especially the content of grassroots democracy; building a democratic and open atmosphere for each faculty member to promote intelligence in building the faculty; improve the quality of teaching and scientific research; be aware of and well implement the spirit of superiors on building and developing human resources, especially resources of intellect 4.2 Completing the policy of honouring and treatment; training, fostering, arranging and using lecturers of political theory at military schools today This is a basic solution, seen as "leverage", which is of great significance and importance, and thereby directly promoting the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today In terms of honouring and treatment policies: Complete policies in the direction of meeting legitimate and friendly needs and interests, suitable to the social status and socio-economic development of the country; supplement and perfect the policy of honouring and treating lecturers of political theory at military schools with great achievements and devoted in teaching, researching, building and developing schools and the army; renovating the policy of teachers in the army and the policy for those in the rear In terms of the policy of training, fostering, arranging and using lecturers of political theory at military schools, it is necessary to identify: Training and fostering of lecturers of political theory must aim to prepare special human resources for education and training in military schools, creating a factor to ensure lecturers of political theory are eligible for awareness and good performance of their duties and responsibilities Diverse forms of training and retraining; there is a classification of qualifications and capacity for training, fostering and developing the intellect of lecturers of political theory at military schools today The arrangement and use of lecturers of political theory must be based on the requirements of the current position and create a premise for future development, not allowing personal feelings to dominate the process of arrangement and utilization of lecturers of political theory at military schools The arrangement and use must conform to the training disciplines of lecturers of political theory 23 need to grasp the quality, capacity and knowledge of lecturers of political theory, and at the same time anticipate the development stages of faculties and disciplines of lecturers of political theory to arrange and use them appropriately 4.3 Building a democratic culture at military schools today This solution is vital to create a truly favourable working environment, which promotes lecturers of political theory at military schools to be active, self-conscious, creative, bringing quality and efficiency in perform every task assigned Democracy must become a culture in military schools It is necessary to make all lecturers of political theory at military schools knowledgeable, confident, emotional and responsible in implementing the contents of democratic regulations; building and operating synchronously the mechanism of promoting democracy in all activities, of Party organizations, authorities and mass organizations, in order to promote the democratic level of lecturers of political theory in teaching and researching, ideological and theoretical struggles; supplement and perfect the mechanism of social supervision and criticism through various forms, either direct democracy, or indirect democracy At the same time, it is necessary to foster and develop the knowledge of democracy, train the democratic working style for lecturers of political theory at military schools; ensure adequate information for lecturers of political theory at military schools 4.4 Activating the subjective factor of lecturers of political theory at military schools today This is a particularly important solution that determines the process of promoting the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Lecturers of political theory at military schools must be selfabsorbed and self-aware of the tasks of education - training, scientific research and the need to meet these requirements today; must see this is the needs of themselves, is the objective requirements for military school today Lecturers of political theory at military schools should combine well with training, fostering and self-training and selftraining; incessantly raising their awareness and responsibility in selfcultivation, self-improvement of moral character and morality; self- 24 created, maintained interest in the profession, constantly fostering love and passion for the job The subjects of leadership and educational management need to have contents, methods of education, propaganda, ideological and political orientation; constantly improving awareness, awareness and responsibility of lecturers on the tasks of education - training, scientific research; flexible management and evaluation methods, making them active, voluntarily carrying out tasks with a sense of autonomy and willingness Orientate needs, interests, career values, fostering career love, making lecturers of political theory at military schools interested in the profession, the branch and the army; create trust, peace of mind about ideas, motivate them to actively accumulate knowledge, train their qualities, personalities and morality Conclusion of chapter It is crucial to apply synchronously the system of basic solutions so as to promote motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Based on the theory and the current situation of the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools, the thesis proposes four basic solutions to promote their motivation, including: (1) Raising awareness and responsibilities of leaders and managers on promoting the motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today; (2) completing the policies of honour and treatment; training, fostering, arranging and using lecturers of political theory at military schools today; (3) building a democratic culture at military schools; (4) activating the subjective factors of lecturers of political theory at military schools The above-mentioned solutions are in dialectical relationship, forming a unified body, which all aim at satisfying the objective needs with legitimate and close interests, enhancing motivation of lecturers of political theory On that basis, the values of education are promoted, thereby improving the quality of education - training, scientific research of each lecturer at military school, meeting the 25 requirements of building military schools to become regular, advanced and exemplary CONCLUSION The overview of the thesis-related research situation shows that so far, there have been a variety of studies on motivation in the country and the world The basic research directions include: the basis for motivation formation; the factors affecting motivation; impact of motivation on work efficiency; the role and the method to create motivation These studies have made certain contributions From the overview, the thesis identifies a number of issues need addressing such as: building the conception, clarifying the basic factors regulating motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools; studying the current situation of motivation of lecturers of political theory Simultaneously, the thesis proposes some basic solutions to enhancing motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools are the factors created by satisfying objective needs with legitimate and close interests, so they are also factors that stimulate and motivate them to be active, self-conscious, and creative in teaching, researching and building the unit in different historical phases Motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools consists of a diverse and abundant system of factors with specific characteristics directly related to the satisfaction of the needs and benefits from social status, freedom of thought and intellectual development Motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools is regulated by many factors, such as: mechanisms and policies of honour and treatment; training, fostering, arranging and using lecturers of political theory; democratic working environment at military schools; the subjective factor of lecturers of political theory at military schools 26 Motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools has both advantages and disadvantages That motivation is considered from the implications of the implementation of related social policy mechanisms, training, retraining, arrangement and use of lecturers of political theory at military schools over the past time, from the process of creating a democratic working environment and from the subjective factor of lecturers of political theory at military schools today In order to promote motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools today, the thesis proposes the following four basic solutions: Raising leaders and managers’ awareness and responsibility; perfecting the policies of honour and treatment; training, fostering, arranging and using lecturers of political theory at military schools; building the democratic culture at current military schools; activating the subjective factor of lecturers of political theory at military schools today Each solution focuses on dealing with one side and one aspect of a certain problem However, they all have close relationships, forming a unified whole, making the motivation of lecturers of political theory promote significantly and contribute to improving the quality of education - training, researching and other tasks at military schools today When conducting these solutions, all the subjects involved need to closely follow the reality of each military school, and should not over appreciate or under appreciate the role of any solution ... due attention to by several scientists in the world Here are typical works: "A theory of human motivation" by Maslow; "Existence, relatedness, and grow: Human needs in organizational settings"... schools so as to better meet the increasingly demands of the work Thirdly, motivation of lecturers of political theory at military schools is manifested through their perceptions, attitudes, behaviours... managers of subordinates in military schools; direct closely, ensure the priority of attention and harmonize the settlement of legitimate and necessary needs and interests, suitable to the professional