Nghiên cứu vai trò của các loại thực vật thủy sinh và vi khuẩn trong hệ thống đất ngập nước nhân tạo để xử lý nước thải

DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI TRUONG DAI HOC KHOA HOC Tl/NHIEN ^^Ji^^c^^^^^ rEN DE TAI Nghien cuii vai tro ciia cac loai thuc vat thuy sinh va vi khuan trong he thong dat ngap nirac nhan tao de xu ly nuac thai MA SO: QT-06-39 CHU TRI DE T.\I (IIOAC DLJ AN: PCS.TS Nguyen nii Loan CAC CAN BO THAM GIA: PC}S.rS lYinh r h i Thanh - I'GS.TS Trim CAm Van -CN Nguyen Xuan Lan V ^ HA NOI - 2007 DAI HOC TPUNG Mr DT V Bao cao torn t^t a Ten de tdi (hoac duan), mdso Nghien ciru vai tro ciia cac loai thi.re vat thuy sinh va vi khu^n he thong dat ngap nuac nhan tao de xu ly nuoe thai Ma so: QT — - b Chu tri de tdi PGS.TS Nguyen Thi Loan c Cdc cdn bo tham gia PGS.TS Trinh Thi Thanh PGS.TS Tran Cam Van KS Nguyen Xuan Lan d, Miic tieu vd noi dung nghien ciiu L Phan tieh cac chi tieu ly hoa nhu: BOD, COD, NH^, N O , , N O , , PO^ , tinh tong Coliform ciia nuac thai llu'r nghiem cac loai thii'c vat khac Irong he thong dat ngap nuac de lim loai thuc vat eho hieu qua xu ly nuac thai cao nhat Phan lap cac loai vi khuan c6 boat tinh phan buy chat hCru ea cao Nhan giong \'i khuain va dua vao he thong dat ngap nuac nhan tao e Cdc ket qua dat duoc + Miic nhiem ciia nuac song To Lich tai khu vuc nghien cuu la tuong doi nang, ham luong PO, :2,52mg/K NI 14:9,85 mg/l, COD:284 mg/l nuac song mau den, mui hoi thoi + Trong loai ea> thi nghiem, ca}' say cho ket qua xir ly cao nhat (cac thong so eo the dirge xu ly tai 907^^), sau den khoai nuac va ngo dai cudi citing la ran muong lliai gian luii nuac hop ly nhat cho viec xir ly la + Cling mot thai gian lu'u nuac (8 nga}) nhung he thong ket hgp loai cay cho kei qua tot ban ro rang, hieu qua xu ly cao ban 10-15% so vai trone cac loai thuc vat riene re * ^ • • < ^ -I- Hieu qua xu ly bang thuc vat the hien ro nhat d cac thong so: SS (87,9%), COD(80,8%c), PO,(84,8%) thong so NO, c6 ket qua xii" ly kem nhat (32,4%) + Trong 15 ehung \i khuan phan giai chat hiru ca dugc ebon d§ phan lap, cac ehung c6 kha nang phan lui\ tinh bgt xenllulo hemixenllulocao la 8, 1, 15 Trong phan hii\ eua ehung la cao nhk (tao vong phan hu\ 4.8 cm sau 10 ngay) Toe phan hiiy tang dan iu dau den thir -f Trong mau 11 dugc chon dung de xac djnh boat tinh phan giai ni to hiru CO CO cac chiing 10 11 c6 kha nang phan giai ni to cao ehung so I kha nang tao nhieu Nll.rnhat (voi pH Ion nhat la 8.5) -I- Vi khuan dugc phan lap eo klia nang phan hu\' cac chat hiiu co tot Ham luone NHi^ tane dan iix 8.7 me/1 len 14.6 me/1 \o*i 15 ml dieh ^ + i_ *— *— khuan PO4'" cung tang tu 0,125 len 0.28 mg/l chiing to vi khuan boat dong CO hieu qua + Sir ket hgp giira be yem eo bo sung vi khuan c6 kha nang phan hu> chat huu co" \ a ni to" \ 6i he thong dat ngap nude da tang hieu suat xu ly cua he thong / Tinh hinh kinh phi ciia de tdi (hocic dudn): da sir dimg bet so kinh phi dugc phan bd KIIOAQUAN LY (K\ \a ^V ^ hi UMi^ Ij^C CO QIJAN CHIJ TRI DK TAI »M0 Hlf u TduOhJG pesjs^f^^^/^,/; Bao cao torn tat (tir 1-3 trang) b^ng tieng Anh a Project Title Study role of aquatic macrophytes and Bacteria in a constructed wetland to treat wastewater Code: QT — - b Project Manager (hoac du an): Ass Prof Nguyen llii Loan c Key implementers Ass Prof Trinh Thi ITianh Ass Prof Ti\4n Cam Van Eng Nguyen Xuan Lan d Objective and research content Analyse physical and chemical parameters of wastewater, such as: BOD, COD, NH, , N O , , N O , , P , \ calculate total Coliform Grow different aquatic plants in a constructed wetland to find out the plant with the highest treatment efficiency Indentify delTerent bacteria species with high activity of decomposing oreanie matter Multiply indcntified bacteria and put into constructed wetland e Main results + Tlie pollution degree of water o[ To Lich River is quite severe; water color is black with bad smell I'he amount of some parameters are: PO, :2,52mg/l, NII,:9.85 mg/l, COD:284 mg/l + Among experimental plants, the reed plant proxides athe highest treastment elfieienc) (the treatnient parameters can reach 90%) follows b\ water-taro fnxdra iluetuans Lour, then water morning glor\ The most suitable w ater retention time is da> s + With the same retention time (8 days) the combination of all plants give higher treatment efficiency about 15% compared to a system with only one plant species ^ The treatment efficienc> can be seen throgh the following parametes : SS (87,9%), COD (80,8%.), PO, (84,8%),^NO, parameter has lowest treatment effieiencx' (32,4%) + Among 15 bacterial species with organic matter decomposing activity, the species I 2, 8, I I 15 have higher decompossing activities for starch, xenlullor and hemixellulo Species has a highest decomposing activity (decomposing c\cle was created 4.8 cm after 10 days) The decopsing acti\'ily increased gradually from the beginning untill the day 8th + Anrong 1 bacterial species selected to test the nitrogen decomposing acti\ity the species 10 11 have high nitrogen decompossing activit\' Species 1 has the highest efficiency by forming a biggest amount oi NIL (with the highest pH which is 8.5) + The combination between anaerobic tanks supplemented by organic mater and nitrogen decomposing bacteria with constructed wetland has increased treatnient efficiency of the treatment system / Financial situation of the Project: the total allocated budget has been spent B PHAN CHINH BAO CAO MUC LUC Trang 2.1 2.2 Md DAU ^ TONG QUAN TAI LIEU ^ Gidi thieu ve cac loai dat ngap nude Vai tro cua thiic vat thuy sinh he thong dat ngap 12 nude de xu ly nude thai DO! T U O N G V A PilUONG PHAP NGHILN CUU '^ 3.1 39 Ddi tugng nghien ciiii ' Phuang phap nghien cuu 16 17 KLT QUA VA THAO LUAN -^^ 4.1 Ket qua thi nghiem chat lirgng nude song 1^") Lich 4.2 Ket qua xu' ly (mg/l), va hieu suat xir ly nude (%) d giai doan (he thong rieng bicl) 4.3 Ket qua \u ly va hieu suat xi'r ly nude d giai doan (He "»^ thong dugc ket ndi) 4 4.5 - , Ket qua phan lap vi sinh vat Nudi cay va thu phan buy cac chat hiru ca ciia vi sinh 25 26 vat 4.6 Nudi cay va thu phan giai cua vi khuan ddi vdi nude 39 thai KET ELAN - KIEN N(iHI ^' 5-1 KET ELAN ^1 ^'^' KIHN NGlll CHO CAC NGIIIHN CUlJ TIRP THF.0 ^^ TAI LIFT I 11AM KliAO L MO DAU O nhiem nude dang la mot van de mdi trudng can dugc quan lam vi cac hau qua nghiem nd gay Luu lugng va cac phan chat thai nhu chat thai ehan nudi, chat thai benh vien, chat thai khach san, dau md chat ta[y rira, thai vao ngudn nude eang tang Vdi ham lugng va phan nhu vay cac ngudn nude bi trd nen d nhiem Cii the la mau nude ehuyen sang tdi hoac den, mui khd ehiu, nhieu mam benh xuat hien nguy hiem eho ngirdi nhu ta, ly, thuang ban Dae biet la vao mi^ia mira ma eac vi sinh vat gap dieu kicn thuan Igi de phat trien, nhieu mam benh phat trien dieh rat nguy hiem va khd kiem soat Ben eanh dd viec nhiem nude lam anh hudng tdi sue khoe eon ngudi qua an udng, sinh boat hang tir dd tich luy ca the Tren the gidi cung nhu d Viet Nam, viec xii' ly nude thai sinh boat da dugc quan tam, cac chi tieu mdi trudng dirge de nham mijc dieh ban che mii'c xa thai, nghien cuu cac cdng nghe khac eho viec xu ly Cong nghe xir ly nude thai bang phuang phap" Dat ngap nude nhan tao'' (dugc tao bdi thire vat thuy sinh va cac Idp Ige) da dugc ap dung d nhieu nude tren the gidi ke ca d cac nude phat trien: Canada, Uc.Viet Nam cung nen ap diing nhirng bien phap don gian, hieu qua re tien, than thien vdi mdi trudng vi dieu kien hau ciia Viet Nam rat thuan Igi cho sii* phat trien quanh nam cua cac loai thij'c vat thuy sinh sii* dung he thdng dat ngap nude nhan tao Y^o chinh la ly khien chiing tdi ebon de tai: 'Nghien ciiu vai tro cua cdc loai thuc vat thuy sinh vd vi khiidn he thong dat ngap nude nhdn tao de xii ly nude thai Miic tieu ciia de tdi: - Danh gia miic d nhiem ngudn nude song Vo Lich khu vuc Linh Dam- Dai Kim - lliu nghiem kha nang xu ly nude thai sinh boat cua cac loai thuc vat: Rau mudng, rau ngd dai, khoai nude, cay say - Xem xet thdi gian liai nude hgp ly cho tirng he thdng thf nghiem khac - Phan lap cac loai vi khuan cd boat tfnh phan buy chat hCai co" va hgp chat ni ta cao - Nhan guing w khuan \'a du'a \'ao he thdng dat ngap nude nhan tao TONG QUAN TAI LIEU 2.1 Gidi thieu ve cac loai dat ngap nude Cd he thdng dat ngap nude nhan tao la Cac he thdng dira vao thue vat ndi tir do; Cac he thdng dua vao thuc vat chim; Cac he thdng dua vao thuc vat ndi tren mat nude cd re an sau dirdi day 2,1.1 Cac he thdng dua vao thuc vat ndi tii a, Cdc he thong dua vdo cdy beo tdy (beo Nhat Ban) Cay beo tay la mot so cac thiJ'c vat cd anh hudng tot tdi iTidi trudng Nd la mot sd cac thuc vat sinh san nhieu nhat va ddng diie nhat tren the gidi Nhd dac diem ma nd dirge khai thae qua trinh xu ly nude thai Cac he thdng cay beo tay cd the dugc thiet ke de xij" ly nude thai ban dau ehira qua xu ly, lam sach ban nude da xu ly lan hai hoac de xiJ ly lan ba Sir loai bd chat ran la lung eua cay beo tay xay thdng qua ddi re Vdi mat bao quan tdi thieu sir xao trgn nhiet, nhd dd ma cac chat ran la king se dugc lang dgng trgng lire vung nude lang phfa dudi Them vao dd, d re cay cd sir tfch dien phan ling lai vdi nhung sir tich dien ddi nguge lai cac phan tu chat ran la lung, lam chiing dinh chat vao re Cciy, tij' dd cluing dugc hap thii va ddng boa tij' tij" bdi cay beo va cac vi sinh vat b Cdc he thdng cdy beo tdm, Beo tam la loai thuc vat cd mach phd bien fong tren the gidi Chiing cd mat cac vung nude nhd nhu ao ca, muang ranh, dam pha Chiing bao gdm kboang 35 loai nhdm: Lemna, Pirodela, Wolffiella, Wolffia Beo lam la mdi sd nhung thuc vat sinh trudng nhanh nhat tren the gidi Chiing ihudiig tang sinh khdi len gap hai lan d dieu kien tdi uu den ngay, d mot sd loai sir tang trudng ban dem Idn ban hoac bang sir lang truong ban So vdi cay beo lay thi cay beo tam cd phan bddia ly rdng lion bdi vi chiing cd the sinh trudng d nhiet thap lir den 3^'C Beo tam cd nhirng dac diem lanr cho chiing cd kha nang xu* ly nude thai nhu: Chiing sinh san tdt Vdi mdi ca the, la luge nhd sinh 20 la luge thai gian sdng Cac la luge eon lai lap lai nhu me nd Ket qua la sir tang trudng eang nhanh, ft nhat cho tdi cac cay Ird nen bi qua lai hoac thieu chat dinh dudng Su ehuyen ddi tuan hoan lien tiep ciia cac ca} ihiic da\ sir sinh trudng ndi tiep lien Inc Ca\ klione cd nhieu md ed de idn tai lau Cay phan ling lai vdi sir giau chat dinh dudng, bien ddi vat chat vao md te bao So vdi ea\ beo tay, cay beo tam ddng mot vai trd kem true tiep han qua trinh xu ly, bdi vi chiing thieu mot he thdng rd sau va rdng, va bdi the cung cap mot dien tich h6 mat nhd ban cho vi khualn Do vay, viec sir diing cay beo tam cbii yen viec thu bdi chat dinh dudng tu nude thai da dugc xir ly bac Beo tam bao phii day dac tren ht mat nude ngan chan su khueeh tan O, vao nude va ngan ehan su tao O quang hgp \i thieu anh sang Nude trd nen thieu O, nen quay trd lai sir phan nitrat boa Sir hap thii anh sang ciia beo tam bao phii tren hi mat nude, ban che sir sinh trudng eua thuc vat phii du, dd tao chat ran la lung Beo tam ed kieh thudc nhd nen chiing nhay cam vdi gid, dieu ban dau ed the dSn den mot phan cua luu vuc khdng dirge bao phii, nhung thai gian dai thi mot tham day beo tam se bao phii loan bd liai vuc Tham cung vl\n nhay cam vdi gid, bdi vay cac ngan can nhd hoac eac be ndi dugc sii' dung thudng xuyen de giu" eac cay beo lam tren be mat Viec su dung beo tain de xu ly nude thai khdng tdi nhu sir dung beo tay Thuc tc chi rang ehiie nang ehinh ciia beo tam he thdng dat ngap nude cd chieu sau dang ke la cung cap mot be mat bao phii ban la loai bd trii'c tiep cac chai d nhiem Thai gian luu iru' nude cac he thdng xii' ly dua \ao cay beo tam phu thudc vao chai lugng nude thai, hieu qua ddi hdi, tdc thu hoach va hau, nhuiig dien hinh la 30 vao miia he va vai Ihane trone mua ddng Kich thudc tdi uu cho cac ao beo la dai: rone = 15: de tao dieu kien eho ddne chay Mot he thdne man che hoac vach ngan khac la can Ihiei de ngan su" n^ii di cac thuc vat ndi nhd Cac he thdng thudng sau 3m c Cdc he thong dua vdo cdc loai thuc vat ndi tu khdc: Cac he thdng dua vao cac loai thuc vat ndi tu khac hiem han eac he thdng cay beo tay hay beo tain Cac thuc vat ndi tu dd bao gdm: Rau ma ma (lixch'ocotylc umhellata) va rau diep nude (Pistia Stratiotes) 2.1.2 Cac he thdng dua vao thiic vat chim dudi nude Cac thiie xat chim dudi nude ed md quang hop chim dudi nude Cac thi nghiem cho ihay kboang chat ed the dugc hap thu true tiep bdi cac md chdi ciia thuc \'al chim Tuy nhien, cac thue vat chi sinh trudng tdt nude ehiia O, dd klidng the sii dung chiing viec xii" ly nude thai ed ndng chai hiru ca cao.bdi vi phan buy ciia vi sinh vat chai hiru CO' se tao dieu kien Ihieii dxy ^fhem vao dd, due eiia nude khdng qua cao de anh sang di qua thuan Igi cho sir quang hgp cua thuc vat Bdi vay, tiem nang sii dung cac thuc vat la cho xii ly nude thai bac Su ed mat ciia thirc vat chim lam giam eac bon huu ca hoa lan va tang lugng O, hoa tan thdi ki quang hgp manh Dieu lam lang pH, tao dieu kien tdi uu eho sU bay hoi Nli^ va sir kei liia boa hoc ciia P Ndng O, cao Cling tao dieu kien Ihfch hgp cho su kboang boa ciia \'al chai hu'u ca trone nude C^hai dinh du'dne du'oc ddne hoa hdi cac thu'c Mil du'oc du\ tii 10 phan Idn cac md chdi cua eac cay va bdi cac vi kliuan bam dinh Viec mat chat dinh dudng tiJ tan la sir gia yen ciia eac md dugc tieu thii mot each nhanh ehdng bdi nhdm vi kbuain bam dinh xung quanh cay 2.1.3 Cac he thdng dua vao thuc vat co re dudi day than noi tren mat nude Cac he thdng xu ly nude thai vdi thue vat ed re dudi day, than ndi tren mat nude cd the dugc xay dung vdi nhieu md hinh khac Ndi ehung eac he thdng ed the dugc phan nhdm ehinh theo md hinh dang ddng chay nhu: a Cac he thdng chay tren be mat b Cac he thdng vdi ddng chay ngang dudi mat dai c Cac he thdng vdi ddng chay dudi be mat thdng diing a, Cdc he thdng chay tren be mat (Free water surface FWS) Nhirng he thdng thudng gdm cd: luu vuc chiia nude, hoac eac kcnh dan nude, \di Idp Idt ben dudi de ngan su rd ri nude, dat hoac eac Idp Ige Ihieh bap khac hd trg eho thue vat ndi Ldp nude ndng, idc ddng chay chain va su cd mat cua nhan cay quyci dinh ddng chay va dac biet cac muong dai va hep, bao dam dieu kien ddng chay nhd (Reed va cgng sir, 1998) Cac vising dai ngap nude xir ly be mat tu cd chue nang nhu la cac he thdng xii' ly sinh hoc tap trung Nude thai chay vao ehiia cac chai la lii'ng va cac chai d nhiem boa tan trai rdng khap mot vung rdng ciia vung nude ndne C^ac chai ran la liine ed xu hudng on dinh \'a duoc eiu lai tdc ddng eha\ eham dugc che ehan gid Cac chai chiia N, P cac kim loai va chai huu ca Nhirng chai d nhiem khdng hoa tan cudi cung di vao chu trinh sinh boa ca ban khdi nude va dai hi mat ciia dat ngap nude Ddng thdi, mot phan chai huu ea, N P boa tan va cac nguyen to vet dirge hap thu bdi dai, vi khua!n boat ddng va mot sd thuc vat thdng qua mdi trii'diig dai ngap nude Nhirng nguyen to boa tan cung di vao toan bd chu trinh kboang hoa cua he sinh thai dai ngap nude Cac chat hu'u co' dugc loai bd nhanh ehdng cac he thdng l^'WS bdi cac dieu kien tinh lang su phan buy va qua trinh loe BOD boa tan dugc loai bd bai cac vi sinh vat lo" lung va bam dinh Ngudn dxy ehinh eho eac phan ling la cac phan ling tren mat nude Cac he thdng EWS loai bd mot each cd hieu qua cac chat ran la liing Trong eac he thdng d dd thi hau bet cac chai ran dugc Ige va lang lai vai met nude dau tien cua ddng vao phia tren Nita duoc loai bd cd hieu qua nhai trone eac he thdne FWS nhd su nitrat va phan ml rat boa NH^ dugc dxy hoa cac ddi hieu khf va NO dugc bien ddi liuinb N\ tu hoac N^O cac ddi hieu bo'i \'i khualn phan nitrat (Yic he thdng FWS cd the loai P mot each lau dai nhune tuang ddi chani Sir loai bd P trone eac he thdne bWS xav nhd 5- KET LUAN - KIEN NGHI 5.1 Ket luan Chung toi da tien hanh thf nghiem xem xet kha nang lam sach ngu6n nuac thai sinh hoal eua mot so loa, thuc xat, cu the' o^day la cac loai cay; rau muong, ngd dai khoai nuac, say Kha nang xir ly nuoe thai cua he thong na> la rat kha quan Ket qua thu duge nhu sau: + Muc nhilm eiia nuac song To Lich tai khu vuc nghien ci'ru la tuong doi nang, ham lugng PO, :2,52mg/l, NH,:9,85 mg/k COD:284 mg/l nuac song mau den miii hoi thoi + Doi vai he thong rieng re eay say cho ket qua xir ly cao nhat( Cc4e thong so CO the dugc xir ly toi 90%), sau den khoai nuac va ngd dai cuoi cung la rau muong Thoi gian luu nuac hgp ly nhat cho vice xir ly la + Ciing mot thoi gian luu nuoe nhirng he thong ket hgp loai eay cho ket qua tot han ro rang, hieu qua xir ly cao han 10-15% so voi cac loai thue vai rieng re Thai gian luu nuoe tot nhat cho xir ly nuac cung la + Hieu qua xir ly bang thuc vat the' hien ro nhat a eac thong so: SS (87,9%), COD(80,8%), P04(84,8%) thong so NO, co ket qua xir ly kem nhat (32,4%)) + Trong 15 ehung vi khuan phan giai chat hu'u co dugc ehgn de phan lap, cac ehung eo kha nang phan huy tinh bgt xenllulo, hemixenllulo cao la 8, 11 15 Trong phan huy cua ehung la cao nhat (4.8 cm sau 10 ngay) roe phan hiiy tang dan tir &ku den thl> + Trong mau 11 dirge ehgn diing de nhan len va mang xir ly co eac chiing 10 11 e6 kha nang phan giai ni to chiing so 11 kha nang tao nhieu NHi^nhat (\oi pll Ion nhat la 8.5) + Vi khuan dugc phan lap co kha nang phan hu\ cac chat huu co tot Ham luona NIL tana dan tir 8.7 ma/1 len 14.6 ma/1 \ a i 15 ml dich khuan PO4" cung tang tu 0,125 len 0.28 mg/l ehung to \i khuan boat dong ed hieu qua Cae vi khuan dirge phan lap boat ddng tdt he thdne xu ly, dd hoan toan ed kha nane nhan rone md hinh 31 5.2 Kien nghi cho cac nghien ciili tiep theo + Phan tfch kha nang xii ly ciia thue vat ddi vdi cae thdng sd khac, dac biet la eac thdng sd kim loai nang: As, Pb, Cs + Nghien euu kha nang xii ly nude thai eiia mot sd loai thue vat khac phu hgp vdi diiu kien ban Viet Nam + Xem xel bien phap tai su dung sinh klidi sinh hge tu thue vat mot each hgp ly sau mdi thdi gian xu ly nude TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Tai lieu Tieng Viet Trinh Xuan Lai,2000 Giao trinh tfnh toan thiei ke eac cdng trinh xu ly nuude thai - NXB Xay dung Tran Van Nhan, Ngd 7Tii Nga, 2002 Giao trinh cdng nghe xii ly nude thai.NXBKH&KT, HaNgi Tai lieu tieng Anh Bavor, H.J., D J Roser, P.J Fisher, I.C SmallsJ99() .faint Sfiulx on SewagcTreatment Using Shallow Lagoon-Ac/naiic Plant Systems Water ResearebLaboratory, Hawkesbury Agricultural College, Richmond, NSW Australia Cooper, P.P., Inndlater, B.C., Editors 1995 Constructed Wetlands in Water Pollution Co/itrol Pereamon Press, New York, NY Cooper, P.[\ J.A Ilobson 1990 Sewctge Treatment hx Real Bed Sysiems.'thc Presc/it Situation in the United Kingdom in: Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment: Municipal, Industrial and Agricultural, D Hammer, 153-171, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, Ml IS Sas 1992.- Strategies for the environment Via Volterrana 183, Cerbaia V.P., 50020^ Florenee,PubliSer S.p.A - Via Garigliano 1, 50053, Lmpoli, Florence Italy Reed, S.C, D Brown 1997 Constructed Wetland Design -The First Generation Jour W F ; F \ 64(6), 776-781 Steiner, G.R J.T Watson, K.D Choate 1990 General Design, Construction, and Operation Guidelines for Small Constructed Wetlands Waste water Treatment ^-^ QUOC GK HA NOI nONAL UNIVtRSITY HANOI 'M n 1< i>» 34 5612 • - ~ - ~ — ^n 71 11 J J y ^_ / £ / " c ^ / ^J - • ' " r U R N A L DF S C I E N C E A HOC Tir NHIEN VA CONG NGHE rURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY V trinh dd loni^ ho hen quan tcriphirans^ hit&tis ^'''^' ^^^^ ^'^''^ Thai _^ian 1993 1994 Ten da lai/cong trinh Nghien citu sir dung va bao ve nguon tai nguyen thien nhien tao ihu nhap lai Ho lay D6 xuat cac giai phap xir ly nude thai tai Ho Tay Tu each tham gia Chu lr"i dc tai Cap quan ly/ noi cong bd To c h uc Moi t r udn g Nagao- Nhai lai irg ChiJ tri de tai To chu'c Moi trudng Nagao- Nhat tai lip' Ky hieu Hoi ihao qudc te ve Xa\' dung he thdna cai lao chai lu'o'ng nu'dc Irang 127137 Xe-un, Han Quoc 13-16 ihfnig nam 1999 Vien nghien cuu moi trudng Nhat Ban 1999 Present status of water envimnment and water quality management in Vietnam., (Tieng Anh) Tac gia bai bao 2000 Nghien ciru mo hhih sir ly nu'Oc sinh hoat bang he thong loc qua dai Thanh vien Irong nhom nghien cuu 2000 Su' dung vi tao nhu" cac chi ihi sinh hoc de danh gia chai luong nude ho Thanh Cong va Giang Vo a I la Noi Dong lac gi:i bai bao 2001 Nghien cuu su" dung cac he thong xtr ly tir nhien vai ky ihual sinh hpc-sinh thai de xa ly nuac thai \ di nong huu ca cao Chu Iri de tai 2001 Sir dung he ihdng loc qua hao dat de xiV ly nud'c thai ct> nong huu co'cao Tac gia bai bao Ky hieu hoi nghi khoa hoc lan thu h:iiTrudng 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bay kcl qua nghien cuu ve kha nang xu ly nUdc thai cua mot so loai thuc v;il thuv smh nhu rau mudng rau ngd cay say dUdc (i cac he thdng dat ngap nUdc n o n g re de xd ly nudc sdng Td Lich Ket q u a cho t h a y k h a nang xU ly nirdc thai cua cac loai thuc vat thuy sinh la k h a tot IT'ong he thong rieng re cay say cho ket qua xU ly cao nhat sau dd den r a u ngo cuoi cung la rau mudng Thdi gian luu nudc thfch hop nhat la I lieu qua xd ly b^ng thuc vat the hien rd nhat d cac thdng so: SS (90.9'N.) 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P0,(7 V\>) lieng Anh Nguyen Thi Loan, Pham 'Hie HUN, 2006 Assessment ofuasteNvater treatment abilitx of some aquatic plants in constructed uetland sxstem Journal ofScience Vietnam National Universitx Hanoi, pages 63-67 34 S u m m a r y : This paper presents the research results on treatment ability of some quatic plants such as water morning glory, coriander and reed plant that were gi'own on separated wetland system to treat To Lich river water The results showed that the treatment abilities of those aquatic plants are very good In the separated aquatic system, the reed plant gave the highest treatment efficiency, following by coriander and then water morning glory The most suitable retention time was days The treatment efficiency of aquatic plants could be as high as: SS (90.9%) COD(78,2%), PO,(74%) 35 PHIEU D A N G K Y KET QUA NGHIEN CUU KH-CN Ten de tai (hoac diran): Nghien ciiu vai lid ciia cac loai thuc vat thuy sinh va \i khuan trong he thdng dat nj;ap nudc nhan lao de xu ly nudc thai Ma so: QT-06-39 Caquan chu tri de tai (hoac du an): Khoa Mdi trudng Dja chi: 334 Nguyen Trai Ha noi Tel: 8584995 Co quan quan ly de tai (hoac du an): Irudng Dai hoc Qudc Gia Ha Ndi Dja chi: 144 Duong Xuan Thuy-Cau Giav Ha Ndi Tel; long kinh phi Ihuc chi: 13.000.000 rong dd: - ir ngan sach Nha nudc: - Kinh phi cua truong: 13.000.000 - Va\ tin dung: - Vdn lu cd: - I h u hoi: Thoi gian nghien ciiu: 10 Ihang Thoi gian biit dau: Ihang 2-2006 Thoi gian ket Ihuc: Ihang 12-2006 Ten cac can bg phoi hgp nghien cuu: - I K J S T S Tnnh ihi Ihanh - PGS.'i;S Iran (7im Van -CN Nuuven Xuan Lan So dang ky de tai Sd ehung nhan dang ky ket qua nghien cuu: Ngay: Bao mat: a Phd bien rdng rai: b Phd bien han che: c Bao mat: Tom lai kei qua nghien ciiu: Dc lai da thu nghiem cac loai ihuc \al khac Irong irong he thdng dai ngap iui\)c de lim loai thuc \al cho hicu qua \u I\ luroc thai cao nhat Phan lap cac loai vi khuAn cd hoal linh phan hu\ chai hilii ca cao \a nhan giong vi khuan va dua vao he thdng dai nuap nudc nhan lao Nudc ihai lai song Td Ljch duoc chon de \u ly ket qua thu diro'c la: + Muc dd o nhiem cua nuoe song Td Lich lai khu MIC nghien cuu la tuong ddi nang ham liro-ng PO, :2,52mg/l NIL:9.S5 mg/l, COD:2S4 mg/l hdi thdi 36 nuoe song mau den mm + Trong loai cay thf nghiem, cay s|y cho ket qua xii !y cao nhat (cac thong so co the dirge xur ly tdi 90%), sau den khoai nird'c va ngo dai cudi cung la rau muong Thai gian luu nudc hgp ly nhat cho viec xur ly la + Cung mot thdi gian liru nu'dc (8 ngay) nhirng he thdng ket hgp loai cay cho ket qua tot han rd rang, hieu qua xijr ly cao hon 10-15% so vdi trdng cac loai thirc vat rieng re - + Hieu qua xur ly b^ng thirc vat the hien ro nhat d cac thdng sd: SS (87,9%), COD(80,8%), PO,(84,8%) thdng sd NO^ cd ket qua xir ly kem nhat (32,4%) + Trong 15 ehung vi khu^n phan giai chat hiru ca dugc chon d§ phan lap, cac chung cd kha nang phan huy tinh bgt, xenllulo, hemixenllulo cao la 1,2,8, 11, 15 Trong phan hu'y cua Chung la cao nhk (tao vdng phan huy 4.8 cm sau 10 ngay) Tdc phan huy tang dan tu dau den thu + Trong mlu 11 dugc ehgn dung de xac dinh hoat tinh phan giai ni to huu ca cd cac Chung 1,4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 cd kha nang phan giai ni to cao chung s6 11 kha nang tao nhiki NH/nhat (vdi pH Idn nhat la 8,5) ^ + Vi khuan dugc phan lap cd kha nang phan huy cac chit hfm ca tdt Ham lugng NH4^ tang dan tir 8,7 mg/l len 14,6 mg/l vdi 15 ml dich khuan POa'-cung tang tir 0.125 len 0.28 mg/l chung td vi khuin hoat dgng cd hieu qua + Su ket hgp giira be yem khf cd bd sung vi khuin cd kha nang phan huy chit huxi ca va ni ta vdi he thdng dit ngap nudc da tane hieu suit xir lv ciia he thdn" Ket qua dao tao - Hudng din mot khoa luan cir nhan - Hudng dill mot nhdm nghien cuu khoa hoc - To chiic mot hoi thao khoa hoc - Viet mot bai bao khoa hoc dang tai Tap chf Khoa hoc-Dai hoc Qudc Gia-Ha Noi Kien nghj ve quy mo va ddi tugng ap dung nghien cuu: Mo hinh xir ly nudc thai cd the dugc ap dung cho cac ca so san xuat nho cac lang nghe \'i chi phi xay dimg va van hanh thap Dong thdi, mo hhih cung cd the dugc su dung de xu ly nudc tuai cho cac ruong rau, hoa mau dt tao cac san pham ndng nghiep sach cho nsudi lieu duoH Chii nhiem de tai Thu trudng co quan chii tri de tai 37 Chu tich Hoi dong danh gia chinh thuc Thu trirung co quan quan ly dc tai ... cho sinh vat hoang da Thuc vat thuy sinh cung cap vung be mat Idn cho eac vi sinh vat bam dfnh phat trien Phan than va la cua thuc vat thuy sinh chim nude tao mot vising be mat Idn cho eac sinh. .. va ket thiie pha sinh trirang Trong dd thii" 8-10 ehiing boat dgng manh nhat a da)' ehinh la thdi diem di bd sung vi khuan xao he thdng xu ly Trong pha sinh trudng vi khuan sinh san nhanh ... 1990; Amstrong 1990) tao mdi trudng hieu khf cho viing rd, dugc vi sinh vat sir dung cho qua trinh phan buy boa hoc udc tinh sd lugng vi khuan dat quanh rd cay say cd the nhi6u nhu sd vi khuan