Đáp án Thi hết môn Dịch đại cương NNA

Đáp án trắc nghiệm, đáp án thi hết môn dịch đại cương ngành ngôn ngữ anh phục vụ luyện tập các bài thi điều kiện (luyện tập trắc nghiệm 1, 2, 3, 4; kiểm tra giữa kỳ) và thi hết môn. Bạn nào học ngành ngôn ngữ anh Viện đại học mở Hà Nội cần các môn khác thì liên hệ.

ĐÁP ÁN THI HẾT MÔN DỊCH ĐẠI CƯƠNG What is generally understood as translation involves the …………… of a source language text into the target text a telling b talking c rendering Câu trả lời d playing The structures of ………………………………… will be preserved as closely as possible but not so closely that the target language structure will be seriously distorted a Clause b the source language Câu trả lời c target d sentence The manner in which the target reader responds to the target text must be the same as that in which the source reader responded to …………………………………… a The target text b The full text c The final text d the source text Câu trả lời A satisfactory translation is always possible, but a good translator is never satisfied ………… it a for b About c Of d With Câu trả lời Translation theory includes principles for translating figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches, rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and ……………………… a many other topics crucial to good translation Câu trả lời b A lot of work to c Other fields to complete the process d To give translator a chance Since the mid-1970s the name ‘Translation Studies’ has been adopted to indicate that the …… is not just a minor branch of comparative literary study, nor yet a specific area of linguistics, but a vastly complex field a Field of translation b Way of translating c study of translation Câu trả lời d Method of translation Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (………………………), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies a Second language b source language Câu trả lời c First language d Another language Translation is the ……………… of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language a Replaced b Replaceable c Replacement Câu trả lời d Replacing Translation has become popular in language learning and daily life So far, there have been ……………………………………definitions of translation a 20 b 17 c 18 d many Câu trả lời 10 Practically, whether …………………is termed as ‘Translation Theory’ or ‘Translation Studies’ it culminates with the theory on proper principles of translation a The interest in traslation b The usefulness of translation c the study of translation Câu trả lời d The practice of translation 11 The instructor can then hope to measure the students’ linguistic competence by ……………………………………………………… ……… a Practising more and more b Encouraging them to work more c means of the target language products Câu trả lời d Asking some questions 12 Translating must aim primarily at …………………………………….To anything else is essentially false to one’s task as a translator a Practising rendering texts b “reproducing the message.” Câu trả lời c Choosing the right word choice d Correcting all the words and phrases 13 The forms are ……………… to as the surface structure of a language Chọn câu trả lời: a refer b Reference c Referred Câu trả lời d Referring 14 In the other theory of translation, the predominant purpose is……… , but rather moves in its new dress with the same ease as in its native rendering a To the translation as quickly as possible b To convey the meaning of the whole text c to produce a result that does not read like a translation at all Câu trả lời d To replace the new text with its direct meanings 15 There are a variety of cultural elements to take into …………… when starting a translation a Considered b Consider c Considering d consideration Câu trả lời 16 The linguistic approaches basically saw translating as ………………… a An authentic way of expressing ideas b a code-switching operation Câu trả lời c A subject of study d A good way of communication 17 Translation it must be conceived as an integral communicative ……… …………………………… a performing b Performative c Performed d Performance Câu trả lời 18 What the interpreter is unable to grasp in his first and only confrontation with the text is …………….forever a disappeared b lose c Lost Câu trả lời d Losing 19 The translator is the initial knower of two languages, or more, who …………… the ability to move between two languages a have b Has Câu trả lời c Had d Having 20 ………….is the interpreter of the source text, and the producer of the final interpretation which determines the meaning(s) which readers of the translation will read a The reseacher b The writer c The translator Câu trả lời d The teacher 21 ……………sits next to or behind his "client" doing a great variety of activities under different names: “community interpreting", "public service interpreting", "hospital interpreting", "mental health interpreting" and "social service interpreting" a The translator b The interpreter Câu trả lời c The analyst d The operator 22 The language of translation is perceived from the translated text, …………………….the translator's interpretations, the translator's strategies and the translator's abilities a Understanding b reflecting Câu trả lời c practising d Interacting 23 The source text is the text which has been chosen for translation The translator cannot, without a good reason, change any……………… a Meaning of the text b part of the source text Câu trả lời c Topic of the text d Element of the text 24 This means that the translator has, ………………….the pressure of deadlines, more time than the interpreter (especially the simultaneous interpreter) to process the source text thoroughly a In spite b though c although d Despite Câu trả lời 25 The translator is supposed to be beyond the influences of the social and ………… environment of any of the two languages a Cultivation b Culture c Cultivate d Cultural Câu trả lời 26 To have interpretation as precise as possible, they should make regular shorter breaks to enable the interpreters …………………….the message in the same spirit a To justify b To change c to relay Câu trả lời d To reproduce 27 The readers to whom the ………………… text is addressed are native or non-native users of the target language a Translate b translating c translation d Translated Câu trả lời 28 The translated text is the actual definite material, …………has been produced by conveying the meaning of a source text in terms of another language and culture a What b When c Which Câu trả lời d Where 29 The translator is ………… …………………………….element in translation, since the study of translation and the language of translation is no more than the study of the translator's linguistic ability a the most important Câu trả lời b The only c an unimportant d A small 30 For simultaneous interpretation, microphones, earphones and a booth are necessary ……………… a Electrical devices b technical equipment Câu trả lời c Machines d Domestic tools 31 The translator's judgments, strategies and manipulations ……………… all potentially exist in the translator's interpretation of the source text and the formulation of the translated text which is governed by the target language a Does b Done c Do Câu trả lời d Did 32 There is some unusuality or …………………… in the target language a Natural b Nature c Unnaturalness Câu trả lời d unnatural 33 Adaptation is a highly free type of translation Here the focus is on socio-cultural phenomena or ………………that are absent in the target culture a practices Câu trả lời b Drillings c Trainings d Works 34 The meaning of words are translated almost as ……………… as those in the target language without paying attention to the situation or context a closely Câu trả lời b close c Closeness d Closing 35 The number of words and the sentence length may vary, depending on the ……………….……………… of the translator when he/she adds explanations or comments to make clear the meaning of the original a Subjectivity Câu trả lời b Object c Subject d Complement 36 ……………is featured by the fact that grammatical structures and the meaning of words are translated almost as closely as those in the target language without paying attention to the situation or context a Semantic translation b Communicative translation c Faithful translation d Literal translation Câu trả lời 37 In the history of translation development there have been a great number of terms: literal, free, literary, non-literary, borrowing, equivalence, figurative, so on …………………… a And so hot b and so forth Câu trả lời c And so far d And so long 38 Faithful translation can be described as one kind of translation which tries …………………… ………… of words and context situation according to the grammar rules of the target language a to convey the meanings Câu trả lời b To change the meanings c To find out the menaings d To create the meanings 39 A text could be translated into anything, ranging from one sentence to usually one third of the original length, depending ……………………… a with specific situations b Of specific situations c for specific situations d on specific situations Câu trả lời 40 It is also very useful for the translator to understand and analyze the original text before ………….………………… it into the target language a translating Câu trả lời b Exchanging c Turning d Changing 41 The classifications of translation types are many according to different points of view, based on either structure, function, or ………… a Meaningfulness b Meaning c Meanings d semantics of language Câu trả lời 42 The sentence is structurally made up of a group of words which has subject and …………………… as indispensible elements; the complement, object and adverbial are optional: a verb patterns b Verb phrase c Verb form d verb predicate Câu trả lời 43 In some cases a prepositional phrase at the beginning of the English sentence may ……………… that it is the subject of the sentence: a make the translator feel confusing b make the translator misunderstand Câu trả lời c make the translator get confusing d make the translator understand 44 As for noun phrases (NP), the noun (common noun: love, proper noun: Mai, and pronoun: you) is ………of the phrase a Head Câu trả lời b Arm c Leg d Hand 45 In English, the …………… phrase can be used after a verb, an adjective, or a noun and depend on them a prepositions b prepositionally c Prepositional Câu trả lời d preposition 46 Translators should use procedures of tranposition to render from the Source Language texts ………… as to suit the Target Language grammar rules a in several ways b in such a way c in many ways d in such ways Câu trả lời 47 Syntactical forms which ………… used to express grammatical meanings of the verb in English sentences are obligatory, a Has been b are Câu trả lời c Is d been 48 The translator should remember … …… the zero article with plural count nouns in English to mean generally a to use Câu trả lời b Use c Using d Usage 49 ……… in the English sentence is usually a noun phrase, pronouns, proper names, to-infinitives, gerunds, or clauses a The subject Câu trả lời b The predicate c The clause d The adverb 50 As can be seen from above, the English sentence is mechanically indicated by means of a period/stop (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!) - never by a comma (,) -…………………… a at the beginning in writing b at the end in writing Câu trả lời c by the end in writing d In the middle in writing 51 In English-Vietnamese translation of the predicate verb, the meanings of time and aspect can ……………………to such words as đã, sẽ, sắp, a Suitable b Correspond Câu trả lời c Respond d Go 10 CÁC CÂU BỔ SUNG ĐÁP ÁN LTTN1 Translation should ensure that the meaning of the two will be approximately similar It is a structural part of language which is actually seen in print or heard in At the beginning of the 1970s, the focus shifted from the word or phrase ………… the text as a unit of translation Translation theory includes ……….for translating figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches, rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and many other topics crucial to good translation Translation, by dictionary definition, consists of changing from one state or form to another, to turn into ………………or another’s language Translating may be defined as the process of ……………………signs or representations into other signs or representations The source-language content, form, style, function, etc must be preserved, or at least that the translation must seek …… .them as far as possible In ……….the form of the source language is replaced by the form of the receptor/target language The translator must strive for equivalence rather than identity In a sense this is just another way of emphasizing ………… …rather than the conservation of the form of the utterance The theory of translation involves normative approaches, putting a strong emphasis on prescribing to translators how to and …………… to translate means “…………… a text in a target setting for a target purpose and target addressees in target circumstances" The choice of the right word in the receptor language to translate a word in the source-language text depends more …………than upon a fixed 11 surface speech To Principles one’s own Transforming to preserve Translation the reproduction of the message how not to translate to produce on the context system of verbal consistency Translation Studies, indeed a discipline in its own to produce a right, aims ………………………….which can be comprehensive theory used as a guideline for the production of translations Translation has become popular in language definitions learning and daily life So far, there have been many …… of translation, The linguistic approaches basically …………… Saw translating as a code-switching operation The translator discovers the meaning behind the in the target language forms in the source language and does his best to produce the same meaning ……… The predominant purpose of theories of translation to express as exactly as is ………….… of every word and phrase in the possible the full force and original meaning Translation may be defined as follows: the equivalent material replacement of textual material in one language (Source Ianguage.) by ………………… in another language (Target Language) Translation is the expression in another language semantic and stylistic (target language) of what has been expressed in one equivalencies language (source language), preserving……………… LTTN2 The language of translation is ……………… from Perceived the translated text, reflecting the translator's interpretations, the translator's strategies and the translator's abilities A consecutive interpreter is one whose job is to has been said change what ……….in one language into another language ………to whom the translated text is addressed are The readers native or non-native users of the target language The target language is the language into which a text ………………from another language is translated ………… is the language to which the text to be The source language translated belongs In other words, the source language is prior to translation 12 In addition………… the changes resulting from the movement from one language to another, translation necessarily changes the receiver or addressee of the text compared with ……………text, the target language translated text may be so long, longer, or even shorter and may have new features which may not be found in the source language The translator is unable to change any aspect of the source language Rather, many aspects of the translator's work are conditioned and determined by……… whereas the interpreter is faced with a unique, orally delivered text, the translator has ……………………of "flicking back" through the permanently available written text The source language, as has been seen earlier, is not only the very central and initial point for the …………….of the translation process but also is the background for all translation processes During preparations for simultaneous………………… , the interpreters’ booth, if not fixed, should be positioned so that the interpreters can see the speakers A simultaneous translator changes what ……………………in one language into another language as someone is speaking If the source text is taken to be the starting point of the translation process, then the translated text is the text which results from ……… The producer of the final interpretation …………………… determines the meaning(s) which readers of the translation will read A Vietnamese-English translated text should follow the language rules…………… social-cultural features of the English - not Vietnamese - language and vice versa Today, roughly speaking, three ………………….of interpreting are practiced: liaison, consecutive and simultaneous interpreting 13 To the source language the source language the possibility Start Interpretation is being said the translation process Which and Forms Typically, two interpreters are placed together in a booth, and they follow an audio-transmission of speeches and ……… The translator, like the linguist who ………… all human languages to be on an equal footing, is among the first candidate to be liberated from the dominance of one language/culture The translated text is the actual definite material, which has been produced by …………………… of a source text in terms of another language and culture The presentation here is conducted in a systematic manner with ………………… restricted interactivity and closeness and much faster than consecutive interpretation Mastery of the source language is a …………….for the translator, since this mastery is the key to his/her readings and interpretations of the text to be translated The translator has to think over his/her translation to suit a reader according to the reader’s social norms in the target language, so the language of translation is ………… LTTN3 ……………is featured by the fact that grammatical structures and the meaning of words are translated almost as closely as those in the target language without paying attention to the situation or context In other words, adaptation translation aims to create an equivalence of the same value …………………… to a different situation As indicated by the word “free”, free translation (sometimes dynamic translation) focuses more …… than form in the target language Communicative translation gives high priority to the message communicated in the text where the actual form of the original is not closely bound to ……… Gist translation can be used in language learning situations (using the same language) ………at a written test 14 interpret them directly takes conveying the meaning Somewhat Must social Literal translation Applicable on content its intended meaning to summarize a written …………… translation (or sometimes direct/interlinear translation) focuses on translating words from the source text into the target language while the word order of the original is preserved Different strategies or different methods of translation produce ……………… kinds of translation when meeting for the first time, ………………………… when introduced to a guest, English people often say: How you do? as a greeting In this situation the translator’s task is recreate some form of language ……………………… the same meaning Adaptation can also be considered a translation technique used when the context in the original text …… …… in the Target Text culture “business is business” could be translated ………… as …………….is based on the meaning of the text which aims to produce the message of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning by using idioms and colloquialism where there n ot exist in the original ……… is characterized by keeping the main idea/gist of a text, omitting all of its supporting details and subsidiary arguments The translator tries to come as close as possible to the meaning conveyed by the words, by means of word order change or word choice so that the true meaning is…………… A text could be translated into anything, ranging from one sentence to usually one third of the …………………length, depending on specific situations It goes without saying that all the types of translation mentioned above may ………… justified in particular circumstances 15 text Word for word Different Especially to convey does not exist Freely Idiomatic translation Gist translation conveyed original be Literal force is of course inevitably lost in these cases and the best that can be achieved is …… to the pragmatic function of the TL cultural reference or practice The meaning of words are translated almost as ……………… as those in the target language without paying attention to the situation or context Idiomatic translation can be applied to the English sentence that describes the degree of the sameness of the two girls’ appearance “ They look ………… the same” Adaptation translation aims to create an equivalence of ……… applicable to a different situation than that of the source language Sometimes the grammar structure or the form of the words in the target language may ……………… In English, the negation of the verb in the first clause stands for ………….in the following clause Semantic translation focuses to a great degree on …………… and form (syntax) of the original texts of high status It is also very useful for the translator ……………………and analyze the original text before translating it into the target language LTTN4 Concept is used in this section to refer not to the form (word) but only ……… the meaning in any given language However, grammatical words in general and articles and prepositions in ……………… might cause headache to translators meaning is also referred to as conceptual, cognitive or propositional meaning, but the sense is the same It is clear that words are …… ….of by morphemes For example, the word “book” has one morpheme and “book-s” two morphemes Connotation is subjective by the language users, and can be influenced by …………… 16 by means of faithfulness closely Exactly the same value change the negation of the verb meaning (semantic content) to understand To particular denotative made up many factors Translators should use procedures of tranposition to render from the Source Language texts ……… as to suit the Target Language grammar rules The classification of words in Vietnamese does not seem to be so distinctive: word classes not have their typical forms, their forms never change in the sentence English prepositions are usually single words in, at, on ; …………, there are some prepositions that look like a phrase, phasal prepositions: because of, in spite of The …………………………….in the English sentence usually stands right after the subject, giving information about the subject The translator should try ……… in the text those differences (usually by underlining) both in linguistic and cultural aspects between the source and target language There is any place where information has been added, omitted, or subtracted Certain strategies ………………… those differences; for example, certain expressions or key terms in their text-to-be need to be selected If any key words are …………… , the text will need to be checked carefully for consistency in the change made Once the translation is completed, the translator should revise it, rarely fewer than three times and, ………… , with a time lapse (after hours or even days) between revisions Translators should define both subject and verb predicate at …………… time if they want to translate a sentence There is no article in Vietnamsese whereas the ………….of article: indefinite articles a, an, definite article the, or zero article is a must in English noun phrases Coordinating conjuctions are only in mid-position whereas ………………………conjunctions can be in initial or mid-position in the sentence 17 Head classification However verb predicate to find subtracted to deal with Changed when possible the same Use subordinating A sentence is a group of words conveying a complete idea which normally contain a subject and a verb predicate As can be seen from above, the English sentence is mechanically indicated by means of a period/stop (.), a question mark (?), or an exclamation mark (!), - never by a comal (,) - It is ……………… that in an English sentence the predicate verb (V) be in finite forms, the predicate agreeing with the subject in person and number He or she reformulates the translation according to the grammar rules, …………… , cultural norms in the target language Every text has a set of words which ………… to the content and correct communication of the theme KTTN1+2 In word formation, morphemes which occur at the front of a word are called In word formation, morphemes which occur at the end of a word are called……………… English vocabulary mostly consists in single word, but of multilword vocabulary is not small While the source text is addressed to a certain …………………, the translated text changes this factor in the situation of the language event to new readers in a new language Meaning components are ‘packaged’ differently in one language from another That is why the translator needs …………… to analyze the lexical items (words) of the source text in order to translate them literal meaning is direct, denoting what words mean according to ……………………… , figurative meaning is indirect, connoting/implying some information There will be words which …………….some of the meaning components combined in them matching a word which has these components with some additional ones 18 in "finite" forms at the end in writing Obligatory word usage are crucial prefixes Suffixes the amount Readership to be able dictionary usage have Semantically, the meaning of a word includes a number of meaning components classified as things, events, attributes or relations which are combined ………………lexical items It may then be possible to translate with a word in the receptor language which is ………………… the central concept and use a phrase to add a further definition When a word has one morpheme, the morpheme belongs to the ……………… category girl, house, which cannot be divided into smaller meaningful units There are some word classes that are only typical in certain languages, so the number of word classes in all languages is not similar and their ………are not the same Polysemes can be compared with homonyms, which are words with several …………………meanings Vietnamese is a ………….language Vietnamese words not change their forms LTTH Things are defined as all animate beings and all inanimate entities Events include all actions, processes, ……… experiences The translator must guard against trying to match ………………… from language to language, since each language has its own system for arranging concepts into different parts of speech Translators have to make sure that they ………………….a text well in the original language “How” refers to whether the text is written in a formal or …………way which is influenced by the content of the original text, by the situation of context The translator also has to solve, ………………., matters involving text adjustments in terms of additions, omissions and adaptations It can be said that language cannot exist without 19 into equivalent to Free/root Syntactic functions Unrelated non-inflectional And parts of speech understand Informal in mind categorization words Word …………………………….is the reflection of human perception of the world The sentence is structurally made up of a group of words which has subject and …………………… as indispensible elements; the complement, object and adverbial are optional: Verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, interjections, prepositions, articles and pronouns are called parts of ………………… there is a skewing between the semantic classification …………… the grammatical classification Some words are made up of more than one concept The translators should read the text several times, then if possible read other materials that may help in understanding the culture or language of the ………… The translator should examine his reasons for choosing the text and the potential for its use by the ……………………………………….audience Since figurative language is not intended to be interpreted in a literal sense, in ………………… figurative language, translators should make use of comparison between different things However, grammatical words in general and articles and prepositions in ……………… might cause headache to translators Translators should define proper verbs of English to go with the subject, either …………………….: be, get, become or action/dynamic verbs run, work to follow the subject Translator need revise the draft on the basis of the feedback received from those people who may have suggested many…………………., changes, additions or omissions with the translator The stage of editing the translated text which …………… the form of a careful last-minute checking and correcting of possible mistakes or other inaccuracies is implemented in most cases of translation 20 verb predicate Speech And source text Receptor language Translating particular linking/static verbs Rewordings takes Faced by a text in a language, as student translators, you should analyze the text by asking and …………………………….several questions Translation is rendering a written text into another language in a way that the …………… intended the text In Vietnamese, words that correspond to both lexical ………………… grammatical words in English are numerous The first step in the analysis of words is to determine whether the word is referring primarily to a thing concept,…………… event concept, an attribute concept, or a relation concept ……… should be aware of the concepts muliwords convey and the rules how to make and write compound words in English The translator begins drafting the translation piece by piece, section …………………………by using the lexis and structures If any key words are changed, the text will need to be checked carefully for consistency in the change……………… Remember that all of our verbalizing must be done in the target language now We must ……………… between alternatives and produce a text that is sequentially complete Translators should rely on the context to select the right word; in ………………about which word to be used, they could consult a dictionary of synonyms and antonyms or any thesaurus for help Figurative meaning is based on or makes use of figures of …… such as metaphor (an implied comparison between two things with the same characteristic When analyzing the text for translation ……………… the first time, the translator needs to find answers to these questions: 21 Answering Author And an Translators by section made Choose case of doubt Speech for ... There is some unusuality or …………………… in the target language a Natural b Nature c Unnaturalness Câu trả lời d unnatural 33 Adaptation is a highly free type of translation Here the focus is on socio-cultural... menaings d To create the meanings 39 A text could be translated into anything, ranging from one sentence to usually one third of the original length, depending ……………………… a with specific situations... words as đã, sẽ, sắp, a Suitable b Correspond Câu trả lời c Respond d Go 10 CÁC CÂU BỔ SUNG ĐÁP ÁN LTTN1 Translation should ensure that the meaning of the two will be approximately similar