Students’ Book ﻡ٢٠١٥¥٢٠١٤ Vocational Stream Industrial Grade 11 Students’ Book ﻡ٢٠١٥¥٢٠١٤ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺗﺪﻗﻴﻖﻭﻣﻮﺍﺀﻣﺔﻛﺘﺐﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺳﺮﻭﺭﺷﻠﺶ ﻧﺒﺎﻝﺣﻨﺎ ﺭﺷﺎﺑﺎﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻟﻴﻨﺎﺍﻟﺬﻳﺎﺏ ﺳﻤﺮﺍﻟﺸﻴﺸﻜﻠﻲ 322 Old Brompton Road, London SW5 9JH, England Maktabat El Nashr El Tarbawi El Souri (Syrian Educational Publishers) Omar El Mukhtar 2nd Str., Bldg El Mazraa, Damascus-Syria Phone: (011) 44676789 Fax: (011) 44676788 e-mail: info@syrianep.com www.syrianep.com Reprinted 2014 © York Press 2010 All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Publishers Contents Unit Title Electrical Insulators Magnetism 10 Incomes and Salaries 14 Installation of Electronic Circuits 18 Culture and Values Celebrations 22 Home and Industrial Electrical Installation 23 Work in the Future 27 The Internet 31 Telecommunication 35 Culture and Values Humans and the Universe 39 Receivers 40 10 Power Electronics 44 11 Digital Cameras 48 12 Audio and Video Devices 52 Culture and Values Geniuses and Scientists 56 Review Page 57 Scope and Sequence LESSON Electrical Insulators (pp 6–9) Magnetism (pp 10–13) Incomes and Salaries (pp 14–17) LANGUAGE Language Functions: describing something Vocabulary: conductors and insulators; terms related to electricity Grammar: questions with / without does Language Functions: describing magnets Vocabulary: terms related to magnetism Grammar: order of adjectives Language Functions: giving opinion; comparing Vocabulary: money idioms; phrases related to money Grammar: simple past questions LESSON Installation of Electronic Circuits (pp 18–21) Home and Industrial Electrical Installation (pp 23–26) Work in the Future (pp 27–30) NEW SKILLS summarising; arranging words under the correct heading writing a summary; conducting online research using money idioms; summarising LANGUAGE Language Functions: describing a process; giving instructions Vocabulary: types of circuits; terms related to electric circuits Grammar: reported speech Language Functions: offering help; giving opinion; giving reasons Vocabulary: terms related to home appliances Grammar: conditional clauses type Language Functions: comparing and contrasting; making predictions; giving opinion Vocabulary: work idioms Grammar: superlative form of adjectives NEW SKILLS listening for detail; summarising performing a roleplay listening and taking notes; discussing probability Scope and Sequence LESSON The Internet (pp 31–34) LANGUAGE Language Functions: discussing a website; describing items; describing a process Vocabulary: terms related to buying online; labels Grammar: adverbs used with present perfect Telecommunication Language Functions: taking messages on the phone; giving examples; giving opinion (pp 35–38) Vocabulary: terms related to telecommunication Grammar: present perfect vs simple past tense Language Functions: giving explanations; Receivers giving opinion; comparing; describing a process (pp 40–43) Vocabulary: types of receivers Grammar: past perfect LESSON 10 Power Electronics (pp 44–47) LANGUAGE Language Functions: talking about power electronics Vocabulary: power electronics devices Grammar: past tenses in reported speech 11 Digital Cameras Language Functions: describing processes; giving opinions; agreeing and disagreeing; (pp 48–51) comparing and contrasting Vocabulary: parts of red light camera Grammar: gerunds and infinitives 12 Audio and Video Language Functions: describing processes; classifying and defining Devices Vocabulary: latest audio and video devices; (pp 52–55) verbs related to audio and video devices Grammar: the passive NEW SKILLS writing email and web addresses; labelling a picture; rewriting contracted forms identifying parts of a telephone; performing a roleplay conducting online research NEW SKILLS conducting online research labelling a diagram identifying synonyms; rearranging steps in a process Electrical Insulators A Dialogue Read the dialogue and answer the questions Lecturer: OK, now let’s look at all the ideas on the board and try to come up with a conclusion So, what are conductors? Mounir: Conductors are materials that allow electrons to flow very easily from one atom to another Lecturer: That’s right Mounir Could you give me examples of conductors? Mounir: Copper Other materials such as silver, gold and aluminium could also be used; however, they don’t conduct electricity quite as well as copper Lecturer: Very good, Mounir Ahmed, could you tell me what the difference is between conductors and insulators? Ahmed: Insulators have just the opposite effect on the flow of electricity They protect us from the dangerous effects of electricity flowing through conductors Lecturer: Could you name a few examples? Ahmed: Some common insulator materials are glass, plastic, rubber, air and wood Lecturer: That’s correct Thank you Ahmed Questions What the words in bold refer to? Name two examples of conductors that are not mentioned in the dialogue Name two examples of insulators that are not mentioned in the dialogue In your own words, explain how conductors and insulators work Electrical Insulators B List Listening Listen and decide whether the following sentences are true or false Correct the false sentences Our bodies are good conductors of electricity Electricity flowing through the body is harmless Electrical shocks have harmful effects on our heart and might cause burns The rubbery coating on wires is a conducting material that conducts electricity C Grammar Study the table and then choose (a) or (b) for the grammar rule below WhWORD What / does SUBJECT VERB (+ COMPLEMENT) does an insulator It Who Mounira do? prevents electrical flow works for an insurance company? does Who does Huda She Who BES work for? works for BES* sells the best insulators? does A rule about the present simple tense We (a) need (b) don’t need / does when the wh-word is the subject Complete these questions using the given verb Examples Who - in a bank? (work) Where - Shereen? (work) Who works in a bank? Where does Shereen work? What – an object's net charge? (determine) Who – the tax laws - for the government? (administer) How – you – electrical insulation resistance value? (measure) Which – metals – good electrical conductors? (be) Who – Ahmed? (like) How – electrical insulators – us? (protect) What – effect – electrical insulators – on the flow of electricity? (have) *BES: Best Electrical Supplies D Vocabulary Put the words in the box under the correct heading air aluminium asphalt brass bronze ceramic concrete copper diamond dirty water dry cotton dry paper dry wood fiberglass glass gold graphite iron mercury oil plastic porcelain pure water quartz rubber silver steel Conductors Insulators E Matching Match the following words with their definitions a resistance b valence shell c repulsion d electron e atom f voltage g conduct h insulate i atomic structure a force under the influence of which objects tend to move away from each other a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids an electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts to prevent the passage of electricity to or from (something) the arrangement of atoms in a molecule the basic unit of a chemical element the degree to which a substance or device opposes the passage of an electric current the outermost shell of an atom consisting of the outermost electrons which are important in determining how the atom reacts chemically with other atoms transmit (a form of energy such as heat or electricity) 12 Audio and A Dialogue Video Devices Read the dialogue and answer the questions Lecturer: Today, I am going to teach you how to make your own radio Student: Excuse me sir, but what equipment are we going to need? Lecturer: You’ll need two wires (one m long and the other m long), a metal rod, earphones and a detector Student: OK And how are we going to build this radio? Lecturer: First, hammer the rod into the ground Then, strip off the end of the three-metre wire and twist it around the rod ten times to make a good connection This is the earth wire Next, attach the detector to the other end of the earth wire Now take the six-metre wire and join one end to the other end of the detector This wire is your antenna Hang the antenna from a tree and make sure that the bare end doesn’t touch the earth Finally, put on the earphones Student: So, we will be able to hear radio stations! Lecturer: Yes, you will if you are very close to the transmitter Questions What equipment you need to build your own radio? Find words in the text that are synonyms of the following words a build b connect c aerial d uncovered 52 Rearrange the following steps to be in the correct order _ Attach the detector to the other end of the detector _ Hammer the rod into the ground _ Hang the antenna from a tree and make sure that the bare end doesn’t touch the earth _ Put on the earphones _ Strip off the end of the three-metre wire _ Twist it around the rod ten times to make a good connection Audio and Video Devices B Listening Listen and label the figure It is a method of enhancing 2G phones to enable them to send and receive data more rapidly With this connection, the phone is “always on” and can transfer data immediately and at higher speeds An additional benefit is that data can be transferred at the same time as making a voice call E _ Now, any camera that accepts this device can have the convenience of wirelessly uploading photos to PCs, Macs and online photo and social networking sites over a home network F _ C Latest audio and vi deo devi ces Match the products with their descriptions Wireless stereo headphones Modern DVR Hidden Cameras LED TV SD memory card LCD GPRS BlackBerry What makes this device better than all the others is the lighting It has light on the edges of the panels, and the light is aimed at a “light guide” –a special sheet with tiny prisms that reflect the light toward the front of the set There are more prisms towards the centre than near the edges, creating a more consistent level of brightness In front of it are sheets of glass that diffuse, filter and polarise the light; and in the back of it goes a reflective panel so all the light stays in the set A _ It utilises two sheets of polarising material with a liquid crystal solution between them Each crystal therefore is like a shutter, either allowing light to pass through or blocking the light B _ Brilliantly simple email is just the start The latest device handles maps, music, movies and a whole lot more C _ Threats to your home as well as your near ones come in several different ways at present Fortunately, recent technological advances have made it possible for homeowners to take full advantage of their safety measures At present, you will come across this device hidden within air fresheners, wall clocks, alarm clocks, picture frames, calculators, stuffed teddy bears, mobile phones, DVD players and even exit signs D _ Left and right speakers are linked wirelessly Its design keeps them securely and comfortably in the ear It transmits digital audio, the same quality that is recorded on a CD It also comes with a carrying case that allows you to recharge it up to three times without plugging it into a wall outlet G _ D Vocabulary Fill in the spaces with the correct form of the following verbs transmit (X2) receive reflect examine insert (X2) remove rotate connect disconnect (a) This is how you change a light bulb First, the old bulb is from the socket (b) Then a new bulb is into the socket and is tightened by it clockwise (c) The adapter is to the computer by the jack of the adapter into the socket of the computer (d) The adapter can be from the computer again by the jack from the socket (e) A radar dish works by sound waves to objects, which then the sound waves back to the radar dish (f) The TV aerial on your house works by radio signals which have been from communication satellites 53 E Grammar The P assiv e The activ e form The passiv e form Companies export potatoes Potatoes are exported Technicians repair electric Electric devices are repaired devices If we want to talk about the doers (technicians), the active form is better If we want to talk about the devices (electric devices), the passive form is better The passive is formed with be + past participle Decide whether the sentences are written in the active or passive form Cameras and audio/video recording devices were used by participants in the conference This shop sells and repairs a diverse range of audio, video and lighting equipment We manufacture custom products to order and offer a design and prototype service Photographs may be taken by participants within the designated conference areas, such as lobbies and corridors This device has been designed to accommodate pairs of speakers They designed this device with anti–skid rubber feet to safeguard against the scratching of furniture It can accommodate up to 14 gauge speaker cables Many audio and video items are bought for the holidays Its small size allows more connectors 10 The connector has no locking mechanism so it can be easily pulled out by accident Rewrite the passive sentences in exercise in the active form Rewrite the active sentences in exercise in the passive form 54 Audio and Video Devices F Reading Read and match the texts (1-9) with the headings (a-i) Ex ample - (b) a b c d e f g h i Selection of channel Insertion of cassette Ejection of cassette Simultaneous watching and recording Re-recording Activation of recording Activation of power Prevention of erasure Operation of playback, pause and stop Operation of a vi deo cassette recorder (VCR) Insert a cassette through the door of the machine Push it gently until the VCR mechanism pulls it into the compartment The VCR power automatically turns on, and the tape counter is reset to 0:00:0 Press CHANNEL to select the TV channel you wish to record Press and hold RECORD While holding this, press PLAY You can record one programme while watching another If you wish to this, simply change the channel on the TV control while the VCR is recording The VCR will continue recording on one channel while you are watching another To play back a recording, press PLAY To pause a recording or playback, press PAUSE To stop recording, press STOP To continue recording or playback, press PLAY again To eject the cassette, press EJECT The cassette will automatically come out of the compartment To prevent a recording from being erased by accident, break off the safety tab using a screwdriver If you want to re-record on a cassette after breaking off the safety tab, cover the hole with adhesive tape 55 Culture and Values Culture and Values Geniuses and Scientists Read the following text and answer the questions The Network of Syrian Scientists, Technologists and Innovators Abroad (NOSSTIA) is a non-governmental organisation (NGO) committed to support Syria’s public and private sectors in introducing and implementing advanced knowledge, processes and techniques in a variety of scientific fields NOSSTIA’s mission is to offer Syrian expatriates the means and support to initiate and implement cooperation initiatives and work on projects and services that could be of great benefit to Syria Its members have distinguished leadership skills The main role of the network is to build bridges between Syrian experts living abroad and their motherland, Syria, and to facilitate communication and knowledge exchange in order to contribute to the economic, human and technical development of the country NOSSTIA has defined a framework for action in order to meet its objectives, which is to be considered as the cornerstone of any future proposals and initiatives provided by its members NOSSTIA emerged after a group of Syrian expatriates specialising in a variety of fields from around the world convened in Damascus, the capital of Syria, in June 2001 The conference attendees came out with a charter for the network, its objectives and policies NOSSTIA has also organised and participated in several specialising conferences and seminars in Syria, and continues, through its office in Damascus and its active expatriate members, to be engaged in a variety of highly visible projects Questions Define NOSSTIA in your own words Research the projects that NOSSTIA has worked on or will be working on in the future and report to your classmates Are there any other organisations in Syria similar to NOSSTIA? Find one and write about it 56 Review (Units 1-3) A Match the words with their synonyms confine dissipate withstand therapeutic labour utilise annual salary wage j expenditure a b c d e f g h i B vanish toil restrict put to use monthly payment payment on daily or weekly basis resist expense yearly healing Match the words with their antonyms a b c d e C 10 conductor harmful repulsion resistance transmit attraction receive receptivity insulator harmless Are the following statements true or false Correct the false ones Copper, silver and gold are good conductors Rubber is a good conductor of electricity Glass, porcelain and ceramic can withstand the highest volts of electrical current Magnets were used by the Greeks for healing as early as 2500 BCE Magnets are used only in industry D Place the adjectives in the correct order before the noun in bold and put them in a meaningful sentence two / small / fat / ridiculous / ugly / clowns ancient / bronze / expensive / several / Egyptian / big / v ases dark / curvy / hair green / two / delicious / fresh / Bulgarian / salads fashionable / large / Chinese / cotton / several / warm / shirt 57 E Choose the correct verb and write it in the right place in the simple past go F go out teach leave Last week, we fishing in the river Last year, a relative this school for another The second chapter us about magnetism The sections by the teacher will be on the next month’s quiz The electricity because of a problem in the distribution company Answer the following questions, using the past tense of the verb correctly G instruct When did you learn about magnetism and electricity? Where did you put your book? What did you throw in the garbage can? Who did you meet at the conference? What did Mounira’s employer sell? Match the underlined idioms with their definitions a After his three months’ trip on foot through Africa, our son is glad to be back home safe and sound b He only paints for pleasure He earns his bread and butter as an electrician c I’ll get the money somehow, by hook or by crook d First and foremost, the new sales orders will mean employing extra staff to deal with extra work e Don’t try to learn everything at once Take it step by step H one’s means of earning money most important slowly in spite of any difficulty, by any method, whether fair or unfair unharmed Construct meaningful sentences with each of the following words insulate: conduct: magnetic field: 58 assistant: reveal: Review (Units 4-6) A Arrange the events of the invention of the steam engine chronologically The first and the last events are done for you In 1763, James Watt worked in London repairing machines _ In this way, Watt saved energy and fuel _ This transformed the steam used back into water, which could then be boiled again to make more steam _ Watt examined a model of steam engine invented in 1712 by another Englishman, Thomas Newcomer _ Watt applied a condenser to Newcomer’s engine to solve the problem _ Newcomer’s engine needed a lot of coal and water to work which was a disadvantage _ Watt’s steam engine replaced the muscular force of a human being The steam engine paved the way for the most dramatic change in working methods, known as the Industrial Revolution B Match the invention with its inventor a b c d e f g h i C the battery the telegraph the telephone the steam locomotive the true four-wheeled car the phonograph the hot-air balloon the aeroplane the lightning conductor Alexander Graham Bell Richard Trevithwick Thomas Alva Edison Gottlieb Daimler Joseph and Etienne Montgolfier Alessandro Volta Benjamin Franklin Samuel Morse Wilbur and Orville Wright Report these sentences using said The lecturer said, “We are going to build our own electrical circuit.” The students shouted, “We have created an electrical circuit!” The customer said, “I can operate this treadmill easily.” The customer said, “I want to complain about a radio CD player that I bought from you yesterday.” The electrician explained, “The electricity in this building is produced domestically.” 59 D Write what the speakers’ actual words were Hassan replied that he thought the speakers on his radio were broken The clerk said that he would give the customer another one The plumber said that he had divided his talk into three parts Samer said that he wasn’t sure He had two majors in mind E Join the two sentences using if The aquarium should not be placed next to the window Direct sunlight is harmful Run the air pump continuously The filter cleanses the water Samer will major in mechanical engineering It opens the door for various job opportunities Business managers depend on video conferencing Thus, they avoid unnecessary travel F Some of these sentences contain mistakes Find them and correct them Mounira was most happier this morning than she was a week ago Dresses this year are shorter and more colourful than they were two years ago The book you are studying now is the most importantest book in the library The more you practise speaking, the well you will it Mrs Salman is more taller than any girl in this class G Complete the following table with the comparative and superlative form of the following adjectives P ositiv e bad good little many/much far 60 Comparativ e Superlativ e Review (Units 7-9) A Match the word with its definition, then choose four words and construct meaningful sentences a server customer b client a device that makes sound louder c linked transport d amplifier assistant e switch stop f prevent connected g retrieve exhibit h display regain possession i convey change j convert 10 a device for making / breaking the connection in an electric circuit B Write the definitions of the following acronyms IT WWW FM AM CD CV DVD DSL UPS 10 LCD C Fill in the chart PRE SENT P AST P AST P ARTICIPLE dwell forbid forget forgive hide hurt kneel melt broadcast 10 withdraw 61 D Use either the present perfect or the simple past in the following sentences 10 E F Use either the simple past or the past perfect in the following sentences The policeman read the suspect his rights after he (arrest) him Mounir (wait) for one hour before the bus came Mounira (enter) the university after she had graduated from college Jan sent a letter to his university after she (receive) her scholarship check After the stewardesses had served lunch to the passengers, they (sit down) Mounira (wash) the pipettes after she had completed the experiment The car (flip) ten times before it landed on its roof We corrected our papers after we (take) the quiz After John (wash) his clothes, he began to study 10 Before Ali went to sleep, he (call) his family Fill in the blanks with for, since, or all G (write) his report last night John Bob (see) this movie before Mounir (read) the newspaper already Mr Ali (work) in the same place for thirty-five years, and he’s not planning to retire yet We (forget) to study the test Mr Youssef (broadcast) a very interesting interview yesterday Aya (travel) around the world Ghadi (hide) Salma’s project two days ago Yesterday the students (kneel) while praying We (decide, not) what to with the money yet day They have been at the beach I have known her nursery school We have talked about our adventures years She’s been on summer vacation with her family His line has been busy 12:00 o’clock three weeks Reconstruct the information about the Internet by using the following words: network, complex, technology, information, satellites, undersea cables the telephone by using the following words: switch, handset, speaker, keypad, function, voice the radio by using the following words: broadcast, public, reception, antenna, receiver, audible 62 Review (Units 10-12) A Reconstruct the selection found on page 55 by using the following phrases public and private sectors scientific fields offer support distinguished leadership skills living abroad motherland conference attendees objectives B Match the following words with the phrases that best complete them a Power electronics b Power electronics c Digital cameras d Conventional cameras e Red–light cameras f Radio have a built-in computer and record images electronically includes two wires, a metal rod, earphones and a detector are positioned on tall poles at four corners of an intersection They are operated when cars activate the trigger at the stop line and the trigger at the intersection controls and converts electrical power from one form to another include rectifier, inverter, switch-mode power supply and cycloconverter depend on chemical and mechanical processes C Decide whether the verbs should be active or passive in the following sentences Correct any mistakes The physics exam began just a few minutes ago The package containing the necessary samples has just sent After the old radiator had be replaced, the travellers continued their cross-country trip The door was opened by the teacher for air to circulate During the lightning storm, he struck on the head by a falling tree While I am on vacation, my pet should be feed every morning and evening 63 D Correct the incorrect reported speech in the sentences He said that he went to the club yesterday She reported that she has travelled to Europe She reported that she may go to the movies tomorrow He said that every day is a better day E Change the sentences from the direct to the indirect form He said, “I want to be able to go to the supermarket with my mum.” She remarked, “I have wanted to be with my family for a long time.” The science teacher said, “This documentary lasts two hours.” Marwa said, “I can go to the park with you today.” Amar said, “My friend’s wallet was stolen yesterday.” F Choose three verbs from each group and construct sentences with them Verbs that are followed by gerunds Verbs that are followed by infinitiv es admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, suggest, afford, ask, care, decide, deserve, fail, hope, tolerate, resist, quit, practise, mind volunteer, wish, refuse 64 English for Starters,Vocational Stream – Industrial English for Starters,Vocational Stream – Industrial, is an English language course that was specially written for vocational / industrial secondary schools in Syria The course progresses from an intermediate level of English in Grade 10 to an advanced level of English in Grade 12 The book introduces students to concepts in industry; it assumes no prior knowledge of industrial skills on the part of students and teachers The course aims to review and consolidate the language and skills learnt at previous levels and equip students for their future foreign language needs in the following areas: language skills (reading, listening, speaking and writing), grammar, vocabulary and industrial knowledge It enables students to perform routine tasks at work and to take part in social interaction in an industrial context Components: Students’ Book Activity Book including a glossary Teacher’s Book Audio CD ﻝﺱ١١٥ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮ