Cẩm nang ôn luyện học sinh giỏi tiếng anh THCS part 2

- They had no sooner started the engine than the car exploded.. = Immediately they started the engine, the car exploded.. O No sooner had they started the engine than the car expl

A di

d B d

o C shoul

d d

o D t

A t

o tak

e car

e B take

s car

e C too

k car

e D tak

s C mad

e D makin

g

The clients demande

A openin

g B opene

d C ope

n D t

in English?

A wil

l ge

t B get

s C ge

t D woul

retake the exam

d tha

t al

l pupils_

A sta

y B stay

_

A tha

t I diet

e allowe

d

inside their classroo

m

kind to others

l hi

s education

A continu

e B continuin

g C t

o continu

e

The director request

A t

o mai

l B b

e maile

d C t

o b

e maile

d D mailin

g

Long may the Queen

A liv

e B live

s C livin

A t

o com

e B shoul

d com

e C woul

A t

o tak

e B take

s C tak

e

The teacher ordere

d tha

t th

e student

s talking

A sto

p B shoul

d sto

p C stoppe

e C b

e D t

B spen

t C shoul

d spen

d D A

e D ha

d giv

e C didn'

t giv

e D giv

2 I suggest tha

t Fran

k (read ) th

r graduatio

n ceremon

y nex

t week

9 I

t is important t

o remembe

r tha

t Janin

e (think ) ver

r dail

y fa

t intake

the bay

e airlin

e industry I don'

r eatin

16 I

t is necessary tha

t a lif

e guar

d (monitor ) th

suggest yo

u (put ) o

t attend

93

d (work ) toward

s a solution

to

global

warming before

the weather pattern

s of the w or ld are disrrupted

irreparably

PH AN 7:

ME NH D

E Q UA

N HE

RE LA TI VE C LA US E)

A LY T Hl

G C

AO

Tieng A nh c6

2 loa

i cau :

- Cdu clan gidn:

la cau c6

la loai ca

u c

6 2 thanh phan (2 inenh de) chinh/ph

i nhau

Dai ti rQ H/

Chirc nang Ch

i

nguoi Ch

that Wh

ic

h, that

that

painting

The bag

which/that i

s gree

n i

s mine

Tan ngir

• W ho , wh om , that

Wh ic

h, that

The woman

The film

which/thai I

watched yesterday

is

interesting

So hiru Whose

Of wh ic h/

whose

The boy

whose father died of

a king cancer look

s

very miserable

I rea

d a

novel tlie content of

which /whose content

is ver

y magic

* Ch

u y : Nhirn

g tru-on

g ho

p dun

g 'that ' m

a khon

g diin

g 'which' Dun

Ng uo

+ Kh

everything, much, little, nothing

hay mot s

o dan

h ti

r lie

t ke

Eg: 1 met man

y people , thei

- I want t

- Al

l th

e students ' bes

t painting

s tha

t w il

e exhibited

g d

e mo dau cho menh de quan

Eg 1: 1 always

miss the small villag

e wher

e I was b om and grew

up

94

Eg 2 : Sh

Eg 3 : H

Eg 1 : Sh

h other

Eg 2 : 7 0

= 7 0

Eg 3 : Decembe

f festivals

n dun

g that

lam chii ngi

f a big company

m h

e belive

s most , ha

s lef

t him

Eg 2 : Ev

o wa

s hi

s ol

d classmate

Chu y : Men

s m

y father , wh

Eg: Kim Lien village , whic

s

become a tourist plac

e now

95

Eg: Thes

e computers, whic

h ou

r schoo

l ar

e using, wer

Eg: Th

e 8 o'clock

menh

de ph

u ba

t bupc, kh

Eg: The travelers wh

Eg: The travelers,who

knew about th

e flood, too

k anothe

r road

photos over there com

e fro

m London

Those people

taking photos

over there

come from London

Eg 2 : Th

Eg 1

Th

e bo

y who was given

a present

is m

y son

Eg 2 Th

The motorbikes mad

clai tir (/nan he khi no lam tan ngCr trong

can)

Eg: I enjoy the book

which / that yo

u len

t m

e yesterday

4 3 Relativ

n th

e moon

Eg 2 Ma

5 Cac

h si

r dun

g All, Both, Some,

Several, Most, Few +

Of+ Whom/

Which

Xem cac v

i d

u sau:

Eg 1

He

r sons, bot

e buses, som

e o

f whic

h w crc overloa

d luggage, wer

c6 the lam tan ngir cho menh de phu cung luc

u

96

7 "That ' dirn

Eg: That I

passed my exammation

made my parents happy

- That he

refused to marry him broke his heart

Eg: Sall

y los

t he

r job Tha

t wasn'

t surprising

| => Sally lost he

r job, whic

h wasn'

t surprising)

t upset

s he

r teachers

h upset

s he

r teachers

B BA

I TA

P O

N LU YE

A tha

t sh

e live

d B tha

A ha

s B havin

g C wh

o hav

e D hav

Latin American

e intereste

d

C intereste

d D the

y ar

e intereste

d

4 I have alway

s wante

d t

o visi

t Paris, o

f France

A i

s th

e capita

l B whic

A tha

t I bought i

t B I bought tha

t C wha

t I bought D

I bought

? ~ Yes, I

do

A stand

s B standin

g

C i

s standin

g D wh

the teacher?

~ Yes, I

A wh

o hi

s B whos

e C who

m h

e ha

d D tha

m C tha

t D whic

h

1 0.1

have thre

e brothers, ar

e businessmen

-

A whic

h B tha

t hi

s C whos

e D that'

s

12 Som

e fish

is frozen, bu

t i

s best

A fish

is fres

h B fres

h fish

C fish fresh

it's the only time

without bein

g interrupted

A whe

n I can work on my book

B whe

n I can work on my book

at

C whe

n I can work on my book then

D a

t whe

n I can work on my

I am Yo

u ar

e lookin

g a

t a person

has jus

t

been accepted

into medical school

A wh

o B wh

o sh

e C who

m sh

e D who

What's i

t about

?

A I went B I

went t

o i

t C I

went t

o D tha

A wh

o doesn'

t B wh

A I had expected

it B wh

o I had expected

C I had expected

D tha

t I had expected

r wouldn'

t start

A\o his B wh

o C who'

s D whos

e

19.1 rea

d a book about Picasso,

A i

s a Spanish

painter B a

Spanish painter

C wh

o a Spanish

painter i

s D tha

t i

s a Spanish

A watche

d B watc

h C watchin

g D wer

n thi

s class ~ Mine has, too Al

l th

e student

s

do well i

n writing

A who

m Mr Davi

d teache

s the

m B whic

h Mr Davi

d teache

s

C tha

t "Mr Davi

d teache

s the

m D Mr

A i

n tha

t B wher

e C i

s wher

e tha

t D whic

have seventeen

students, mos

t o

f

speak English

very well

A wh

o B thos

e C who

m D whic

A ar

e B wh

o ar

e C i

n who

m ar

e D tha

? ~

It wa

s boring H

e talke

d onl

y

about himself, almos

t pu

t u

s t

o sleep

A whic

h B tha

t C wh

o D tha

t h

e

98

26 M

y grandfather

, a

wise man, ha

s greatl

y influence

d m

y life

A i

s B tha

t i

s C wh

o i

s D wh

A tha

t B who

m C t

o tha

t D t

teenager t

o pursu

e a singing

career meet

s resistanc

e

from his strong-wille

d father

A want

s B wante

d C wantin

g D wh

o wan

t

29 Excus

e me, bu

Certainly

A whic

h I must spea

k t

o yo

u B whic

h I must spea

k t

o yo

u abou

t D tha

t I must spea

n 1868, i

s m

y sister'

s favorit

e book

A i

s a novel publishe

d B a

novel publishe

d

C a novel wa

s publishe

d D wa

s a novel publishe

scholastic record

is abov

e

average can apply for th

e scholarship

s i

s a person

A m whom

, th

e twenty-second

A you'l

l arriv

e the

n B whe

A tha

t i

t B whic

h i

t C i

t D tha

t

3 5 Florida, th

e Sunshin

e State, attract

s man

y tourist

s ever

y year

A i

s B know

n a

s C i

s know

n a

s D tha

w shoppin

g mal

l i

s gigantic It'

s a

s a place you

can find

just abou

t

anything you might wan

t t

o buy

A wher

e B whic

h C i

n wher

e D i

n tha

t

3 7 Lola's marriag

e i

s marryin

g a man

o exercis

e frequently have

t doesn'

t C whic

h don'

t D wh

t C whic

h D who

m

4 0 Ann quit he

d everyone

A whic

h B tha

t C wh

o D tha

t i

t

Exercise 2: Fin

1 Las

t Saturda

y I attended

y friend, wh

s ver

y gla

d tha

t I could come

2 Dr Darnel

to see

3 Ther

e ar

e eight

y students, ar

lived

in

the seventeenth

century saved

a villag

e fro

m destruction

g t

o himself

10 Whe

n I was a child, I

most i

s m

y uncle

- Peterson, h

15.1 have some good advice for anyon

e guest

s ha

d |

gone there to admire

the scenery

The hotel

2 1 lent yo

u a book I

t wa

s writte

n b

y a friend

of mine Sh

e live

s i

n France

The book

3 A woman's jewel

s wer

e stolen A police

d b

y him

The woman

•

4 A goal wa

s score

d b

y a teenager H

s goa

l wo

n

the match

The goal

5 I was sittin

g nex

t t

o a boy in the exams H

e tol

d m

e th

e answers

The boy

e returne

d it

My wallet

8 Caro

l i

s a vegetarian I

n a train I wanted

to go to

a station Th

e trai

n didn'

t sto

p there

The train

10.1 read

a book Yo

u recommende

d a book to

me Thi

s wa

s th

e book

The book

The ship

T OO

1 2 The postman

realized

I wa

s o

n holiday Yo

u ha

d sen

t m

e a parcel Th

The postman

e cam

e t

o th

e door Th

e live

s i

n a house Yo

y o

f ou

r holiday I

The beac

h

1 6 My neighbors hav

e thre

e smal

l children Th

e childre

n mak

e a lot o

My neighbors

t wa

s foun

d b

y a man H

e wa

s diggin

g a hole

The walle

t

1 8 Carol slamme

d th

e doo

r behin

d her He

r fathe

r ha

d give

n a car a

s a present Sh

e

drove off i

n it

d th

e buildin

g before

e didn'

t lik

e it

George

Exercise 4 : Pu

e 5)

The story so far; Jan

e Piat

t (1 ) i

s th

e onl

y perso

n (2 ) witnes

s a

murkier a

t

Victoria Station Th

e detectiv

e t

o (3) sh

s sen

t he

r a box (6) - she i

s t

o he

r frien

d Tony The

y g

o t

o

Scotland Yard and see inspecto

r Groves, (9

e foun

d beside

s

h is body The

s th

e

1 01

town (13) th

w rea

d on

Sherlock Homes

Sherlock Homes, (1

) nam

e i

s well-known, didn'

e rea

d hi

s adventures, h

a rea

l person

The man (3) create

than practicing

s (4) peopl

e als

o liked However, i

, (7

)

is a brilliant detective

l neve

r

know the reason (8) h

All the books wer

e writte

n i

n th

e first person, no

t b

y Holmes, bu

t b

y hi

s

assistant Dr Watson, (9

1 I like

I aske

d fo

r advice (WHOSE

)

4 No

t a single house in the street ha

d escape

d undamaged (WHICH

)

5 The

n I realized

that I had left m

y walle

t a

t home (WHEN)

6 I don't reall

y approv

e o

f hi

s proposal (WHAT

)

8 I have

read all o

f he

r book

s bu

t one (WHICH)

PHAN 8:

MO DA

L V ER BS (DONG

TlT K HU YE

T TH IE U)

A LY T HU YE

O

Modal verbs:

will/ shal

l (would)/ ca

n (could)/ ma

y (might)/ must

(bare infinitive) /

semi-modal verb: need

/

needn't/ use

d to

102

Dong tu

She ca

n spea

k Englis

h well,

Eg: I could

read and write when

I wa

s 4 years old / She coul

They have been capable

- Coul

d /may/migh

t + Verb (bare infinitive): c

t ma

y rai

n tomorrow

It coul

d rai

n tomorrow /

It wil

l possibl

y rai

n tomorrow =

Maybe

it

will rai

n tomorrow

Chii y

: maybe

la sir ke

o l

a mo

t ph

o tir, c

Lan ma

y b

e studyin

g now

- Could / may

/ migh

t + have + P2 =

c6 le

da la

m gi

t I'

m no

t sure

g t

a si

r dun

g 'must / can'

- Mus

t + Verb (bare infinitive): cha

da xa

y ra )

e mus

t b

e asleep

She drive

s a luxirious car

Sh

e mus

t b

e rich

- Mus

t +

be + V-ing: Cha

t mus

t b

e raining

Our children'

s roo

m i

s quiet The

y mus

t b

e sleeping

- Mus

t + have + P2 =

chac la

Eg: Th

e gras

s i

s wet I

e + adj/ +

V (inf)

e can"

t com

e fro

m a rich family Sh

e

can't b

e a rich

student i

n ou

r class

- Ca n't / couldn'

t +

be Verb-ing : khon

Can't / couldn't +

h can't / couldn'

3 Die

n t

a lo

i khuyen , s

u mon

g dol

* 'Should ' dvo'

r gg

i y , si

Eg: H

e shoul

d stud

y tonight

Eg: I

t shoul

d rai

n tomorrow (

phai chi

a a

thai hie

n tai)

n ha

d

better stud

y tonight

a 'hav

e to '

Ngoai r

a 'must ' co

u mus

t stud

y hard

g "have to' ch

r ye

u t

o be

n ngoai )

Eg: W

e w ill have t

You have t

You had t

Chu > :

Eg: Guest: D

o I have to leave

a deposit

? ~

Receptionist: No , yo

- Tron

g va

n noi, ngua

c dun

g d

e dien ta sir ca

o s

t = not b

You mustn't mak

o st/ needn'

e

if yo

u hol

d a EU passport

You don't hav

- Needn't + have

e di

d cal

l him)

My mother shoul

The policeman

should have made

a repor

t abou

t th

e accident

Chu y:

Chiing ta cung c6 the dung cum

tir was/were

supposed to + [ver

The policeman

was suppose

d t

o mak

e a report abou

t th

e accident

Eg:

If I was aske

d t

o marr

y him, I should resign

concerned (lo lang, lo

du) / happy (vui

ve)/ delighted.

:

Lay lam rang/ la

y lam vi:

e le

t m

e know

d b

y you

- Diin

g sa

u s

o that/ i

Eg: I put awa

My teacher speak

105

like to have

a tal

k t

o you, i

d

t tuong, ch

o l

a

Eg: I should

imagine our celebratio

n wil

l b

e successful

sao toi bie

t dug

c ki

a chir)

Why should

sir nga

c nhien

,

thuong dung vol "But"

Eg: I was thinkin

do you want kh

Eg:

I'm hungry

now, I like to eat som

e bee

f noodl

e now

Wouldn't lik

e = khong

ua # don'

t wan

t = khong muon

Eg: I wouldn't lik

e an

y orang

e juic

e now

* (Woul

d lik

e = would

care /love/ hate / prefe

r + to + verb : kh

i dien dat die

u kie

n

cho mot han

h dpn

g c

u th

e a tuang lai:

Eg: Mai: Woul

d yo

u (like/care) t

o com

e wit

h me

? ~ Hoa: I'

d lov

e t

o

Would like/ woul

d car

e for/ woul

d enjo

y + Verb-ing

khi dien dat kha

Eg: Sh

e woul

d like/ woul

d enjo

y dinin

g ou

t tonight

* Dar

e (dam) : Dun

i dun

g a

the nghi va

n v

a ph

u djnh

Eg: Di

d the

y dar

e (to) d

o suc

h a thing?

(Ho dam lam nhu vay sao?)

- Dare

khong dugc dung

dare

say

vai 2 nghia

sau:

Eg: To

i ch

o rang: I dare say there

is a restaurant a

How dare/ dare

d +

S +

Verb in simple

form: Sao

da

1 06

B BA

I T AP O

N LU YE

N

Exercise 1 : Choos

e th

e correc

t completio

n (A , B , C

or D ) fo

m bla ck I

t look

s da rk and dreary

g

2 To

m i

s sit tin

g a

t hi

s desk He

is readin

g hi

s ch em is tr

A co uld study B

sh ou ld

be st ud yin

g

C wi

g

3 Whe

n Mr Le

e wa

s younger , h

e wo

rk i

n th

e garde

n fo

r ho ur

nt ou

t i

n th

e evening , I

the jo

b

of ta

A wo ul

d ge

t

B

sh ou ld get

n o

n th

e floor

A shal

l

B

co uld

C

wo ul

T he

y

B use

d t

o pla

y

C co uld have p la ye

d

I Rober

t ha

s a n ew car

He it

for a v er

y go od p ric

e

He p aid 30 % les

s tha

n

the regula

r r eta

il cost

A co uld b uy B

h ad to b

wa

s abl

e t

o bu

y

8 " D id y ou enjoy

a p ic nic

?"

/"

It wa

s O

K, bu

t I 'd rather t

g C hav

u s

o sur

e tha

t An

n did n't c om mi

t th

e cr im

g "Sh

e tha

t c rim

e becaus

e I was wi th her, an

n tha

t day "

A co mm it te

d

B

ma

y no

t h av

e co mm it te

d

C wa sn 't suppose

d t

o c om mi

t

D

co uld n't have c om mit te

a h ur ry , w

e tak

e a t ax

It ra

in this evening

Wh

y do n't y ou take a

n um br ell a?

be C

ou h an

ple as e?

" / "

Ce rt am ly

"

A Ma

y

B

Sh all C

.W il

l

D

Sh ou

ld

13 " La rr

y dr ov

e all n ig

g

He exhausted

b

y

the tim

e h

e ar riv ed "

107

A ough

t t

o b

e B coul

"I know W

A couldn'

t B migh

t suppose

d t

o

15 " taking

me downtown

on your wa

didn't kno

w wha

t t

o do "

/ "

You

your roommate "

A coul

d hav

e calle

d B ma

A migh

t B wil

l C ca

n D mus

been married

for twent

y

three years o

n you

r nex

t anniversary '

A mus

t B shoul

d C wil

l D coul

d

19

"I there

at 6

P M for th

e meeting, bu

t m

y ca

r won'

t start Coul

d yo

u

please give me

on the table, bu

t no

w it'

s gone Wha

e o

f childre

n it "

A ma

y hav

e eate

n B coul

d ea

t C ha

d t

o ea

t D shoul

~ "Tha

t bothe

r you "

/ "Bu

t i

t does "

A shouldn'

t B migh

t no

t C ma

y no

t D won'

/ "

I agree leave?

"

A WilLw

e B Wh

y don'

t w

e C Mus

t w

e D Woul

d w

e

23 "Chris, yo

u _

_ th

e fish in the refrigerator befor

e i

t spoils "

~ "Yo

u ar

e right I didn't kno

A ha

d bette

r put B ha

n d

o fo

r a living?"

~ "Nothing H

e i

s ver

y rich H

e wor

k fo

r a living "

A mus

t no

t B shouldn'

d t

o tak

e

108

26

"I heard that Laur

a wa

s offere

d a job

at a top computer firm

in Chicago "

~ " When

I ha

d m

y farm I work

in the hot fields for hours

"

A use

d t

o B ough

t t

o C mus

t D ha

- "Yo

u hav

e parke

d there "

A ma

y no

t B shoul

d no

t C mus

t no

t D migh

t nex

t year H

e 5

0 year

s ol

d then "

A shoul

d b

e B mus

t b

e C wil

l b

e D ha

u lif

t th

e othe

r end, please?

"

~ "Sure, jus

t a second "

A.May

B Shoul

d C Coul

d D Shal

A ha

s go

t t

o B ha

s gotte

n t

o C hav

e t

o D mus

t b

e

32 " letting

me use you

r bicycl

e fo

r a little while?"

says "N

o trespassing "

e 'r

e alread

y bee

n here "

A couldn'

t B don'

t hav

e t

o C migh

t no

t D aren'

n I work

at th

e embassy, I

meet a friend

at 5 every afternoon

for a game "

A woul

d B shoul

d C ha

d bette

r D woul

e t

o C mus

t no

t D don'

A mus

t ru

n B mus

A mus

t b

e usm

g B mus

e sic

k gain now

A mus

t hav

e bee

n B mus

t bem

g

109

40 H

e hi

s j ob because

he seems very happy

A wo ul

1 Ther

e i

s a possibility

that the

y w on 't visi

t u

s a

t th

e weekend

'd like y ou to help me w it

h th

e washin

g up

will Karen

, wi

th the washing

up?

3 I'

m sur

e i

t wasn'

t Ti

been

It Ti

4 I suppose

Bruce has gon

toothache

have

Bruce to

the dentist sinc

e h

e ha

s a terrible

toothache

5 Ma

y I borrow

are

Y ou

7 Perhap

s yo

u d id n't buy that watc

h fro

m thi

s shop

could

Y ou that watc

was

Garry where

he had put hi

s wallet

9 Yo

u wer

e w ro ng to drive through

the red light

should

Y ou through

the red light

used

Our childre

n lies

Exercise 3: Complet

to make sense:

1 A: Wh

at Sha

w Hall

I

know she very much wanted

to hear th

e speaker

2 A lE

g ha

s a test tomorro

e (should

+ watch)

TV right now

3 A: Wh

y d id n't Diane come to the phone?

e (must

+ wait)

for th

e t wo o'clock

6 A: Where'

s Ann

?

B: I don't kn ow Sh

no

7 Yo

u {should +watch) ^

loud cras

h in the nex

t room Whe

n I walke

d in , I foun

t reac

h Pete

r on the phone I wonde

r m

e to bring m

y passport

4

I am sure tha

t if you can'

t drive

7

I am sure tha

t Joh

n is not th

e thie

8

I am certain tha

s shoul

d repor

t to the mai

n hal

l at

10 I thought tha

or

should Includ

e not

if necessary

1 I'm sure that Hele

n feel

s rathe

r lonely

2 You are no

t allowe

d t

o par

k here

3

It woul

d b

e a good idea if Harry took

a holiday

4 I'm sure that Brend

a isn'

t ove

r thirty

5 Do

I nee

d a different drivin

g licens

e fo

r a motorbike?

6 What woul

8 You needn't com

9 It's possible

l se

e yo

u soon I don't thin

k he'l

l b

e long

PH AN 9:

IN VE RS IO

N AN

D EM PH AS IS I

N EN GL IS

H

(D AO N G

C V A

S V

N HA N

MArm

T RO NG T IE NG A NH

)

A I.Y

T HU YE

T C

O B AN

A NA NG C

AO

Trong Tieng Anh, nguof

va tir, ng

u d

o dun

g a dau cau trong Tieng Anh viet d

n man

h hon, th

Examples: —

No-one should enter this

room under/in any circumstances

^ Under/In

no circumstances should anyone

enter this room

- She

at no time told

me who she was/She

didn't tell

me who she was

at any

time

•=> At

no time did she

tell me who she

was

- I have rarely seen such

a beautiful butterfly

>=> Rarely have I

seen such

a beautiful butterfly

- I have never heard such

a stupid thing

•=> Never have I

heard such

a stupid thing

- I did not witness the robbery,

either

Neither/Nor (less formal) did

I witness the robbery

Trong cau c6 cac ti

c6 hien tuong dao ngir:

1 12

h om thi

Under no circumstance: D

g khon

g B

y n

o means : Hoa

g thuan

g xuyen

N ot untU: khon

g de

n kh

i Scarcel

y when : Ch4

g mo

t iu

c Hardl

y ever : Chu

i kh

i Barely : hoa

n toa

n khon

g

Only later : ch

i sa

u d

o Onl

y then / onl

y after : ch

t thi

s switc

h b

e touched

Only in this wa

I agre

e wit

h you

By no means doe

Negative , nor + auxiliary +

Chu y:

Dao ngir ch

m ca

c v

i d

u sau:

- We had hardly/scarcely/barely

started to watch the

film when the light went

off

Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had

we started

to watch the film when

the light went off

- I felt much better after

I took

a sachet

of this medicine/

= I had no sooner taken

a sachet

of this medicine than

Ifelt much better

^ No sooner had

I taken

a sachet

of this medicine than

I felt much better

- They had no

sooner started the engine

than the car exploded

= Immediately they started

the engine, the car

exploded

O No

sooner had they started

the engine than the

car exploded

• I was no

sooner informed

of the facts than

I took legal actio

= As soon as

I was informed of

the facts,

I took legal action

•=> No sooner was

I informed

of the facts than

I took legal action

As soon

as he sees a

pretty girl,

he asks her to

go out with him

= He

no sooner sees a

pretty girl than he

asks her

to go out with

him

^ No sooner does

he see

a pretty girl than

he asks her to

go out with him

- Tlxey not only

took care

of me, but (they) also treated

me as

if I were their own

daughter

Not only did they

take care

of me, but (they)

113

Examples:

- It was only when my

children arrived home safely

that I felt relieved

Only when

my children arrived home

safely did

I feel relieved

- We did not know anything about

what was going to

happen to

us next

O Little

did we know about

what was going to

happen to

us next

-1 well remember when

I saw her for

the first time

•=> Well

do I remember when

I saw her for

the first time

- I waited for

you to come back

many times/many

a time

•=> Many

is the time (that)

I waited for you

to come back/Many a

time did

I wait

for

you to come back

Examples:

- If you should need a

sun protection cream, please

tell me

Should you need a

sun protection cream, please

tell me

- If

I were you, I

would try

to fascinate her

O Were

I you,

I would try to

fascinate her

- If they had

confessed everything, they would

have been expelled from

school

•=> Had they confessed

everything, they would have

been expelled from school

* Kh

hop nay

Clause

of place / orde

r + main verb + S (no auxiliary)

In front o

f th

e hous

e i

s a big garden

First cam

e th

e teacher, the

n cam

e th

e headmaster

u nay N

Directly behind the mountain

stood

a grea

t temple

On the table sat a black cat

/ was

so happy that I

arranged a big party/My happines was

such that

I arranged

a big party

>=> So happy was

I that

I arranged

a big party/Such was

my happines that I

arranged a big party

+ noun/noun phrase as

n fel

l th

e snow

- Peter goes up

again •=>

Up goes Peter again.

(But Up

he goes again.)

114

- The beautiful scenery

I had been told

about lay/was below me

^ Below

me lay/was the beautiful

scenery I had been told about

d an

d roun

d i

t flew

t of , round , up

c

hang (treo), lie (ndm),

sit (ngoij, stand (di'mg)

) hoac cac dan

Eg: In the doorway

stood

a ma

n wit

h a gun

Eg: Standing

in the doorway

was a man with

a gun

Sitting on

-s ver

y selfish, a

- Smoker

s hav

e a higher deat

single word did

he say

- Nothin

g bu

t a full apolog

y woul

d satisf

y him

h tir , nhirn

comes Mr

John {Incorrect:

Here comes he

- H

e Stoppe

d th

e car, an

d u

p walke

d a robber

r t

u rc gian

Examples:

Reports are expected by

the end

of the week

-115

Examples:

- At

no time did I

say you couldn't come

- Hardly had I

arrived when

he started complaining

- Little did I

understand what was happening

- Seldom have I

felt so alone

(Note that th

)

Chung ta sir dun

Examples:

- Martha

is always getting into

trouble

Peter is forever asking

tricky questions

George was always being

reprimanded by his teachers

(Note that thi

Cau che la la cau nhan manh chii ng

s + Subjective

pronoun / Noun / Nounphras

m ch

u ngir

Examples:

- It was I who received the promotion

- It

is the awful weather

that drives him crazy

- Wlxat

we need

is a good long shower

- What

he thinks isn't necessarily

r 'Did ' (si

)

Examples:

No that's not true.

John did speak to

Mary

-1 do believe that

you should think twice

about this situation

B BA

I T AP ON L UY

EN

Exercise 1: Rewrit

)

116

1 3 My delight wa

)

14 I

love him to such an extent tha

t I

would even give my life for him (T

y suppl

y u

s wit

h food, bu

rang (Hardly

remover, pleas

e le

t meknow

(Should

)

1 17

22 If

in the national lottery

, I would no longer work

(W er e.

I wer

e i

n you

r place, I would try to

be mor

e assertive

(Were.

)

Exercise 2: Finis

meaning

with an emphasis

In no way

On no account

Across th

e bridg

e

4 I was s

o scare

d tha

t I could not eve

n scream

So scared

In front of

Behind those mountains

Only then

Scarcely

9 I won't g

o trekkin

g wit

h him

• N

o wa

y ^-

10 My terror wa

s suc

h tha

t I couldn't move

Such

11 I had no sooner switche

No sooner

No sooner ,

13 If we had known that yo

e woul

d

have sold

it t

o you

Had

1 18

Down the road

1 5

S he went dow

n th

e road

Down the road

Only in hot countrie

t telephon

e he

r twice, too

Not onl

y

21 I did not us

e sunta

n lotion, either

e wil

l wor

k overtime

Should

2 4

S he had hardly taken everything

6 apology

Not onc

e

2 8 I didn't realiz

Only later

Nothing

119

PH AN 10:

CO NE CT IV ES : CA

C Tl

T N 6I

A LY T HU YE

T CO BAN VA NANG

phan

* Despite/Inspit

e o

f / Though/ Eve

n Though / Although

: ba

t chap, ma

c dau ch

o d

u

Despite/Inspite of + Noun Phrase/ V-ing

+ the fact that

+ / clause

# Thougit/Even though/ Although

+ / clause

Although

(diing voi y trung

Eg 1:

Although

I Even though /Though

he ha

d a sprained

ankle (or h

e wen

t ou

t fo

r a walk

Eg 2:

In spite of/Despite havin

g a sprained

ankle/having sprained

went ou

t fo

r a walk

e wen

t ou

t fo

r a walk

* But : Nhun

d hut

unsuccessfully

* However / Nevertheless

/ Al

l th

e same / Yet / Still / Eve

n s

o +

1 clause : Tu

y nhien

,

tuy vay

- Howeve

r (dun

g vo

i y trung tinh); Nevertheles

Eg 1

: H

e ha

d a sprained

ankle/He had spramed

e ha

d a sprained

ankle/He had sprained

* However / N

o matte

r ho

w + adj / adv+

S + linking

verb/ ver

b = du

c6 .

di

chang nura th i.

Eg

1 : However

strong you are, yo

u can'

t mov

e thi

s rock

Eg 2

: However hard/No matter

how hard

(more formal) yo

u try, yo

it

Eg 3

: Even

though/Even if you tr

y hard, yo

Eg

4 - It

does not matter how'hard

you try, yo

him

Eg 7

: Angry (adjective) as/though

I was, I did not tel

l the

m anything

1 20

E g 8/ Som

e

American dream, a

In addition

=

Additionally = Moreove

r = Whafs

more/ Beside

s (Ngoa

i ra)+

1 claus

e

* An

d (va) / I

n additio

n t

o (the

m vao) + Noun/ Nou

n Phrase/ V-in

e m the niJa

the other (hand): Mo

d I

'm

also ver

y exhausted

; aiklilioii,

I'm

very exhausted

d what's

more I

'm very exhausted, (informal

)

E g 6: Sh

E g 9: The

y fined him

and, on

top of that, the

y withdre

w hi

s drivin

g licence

E g 10

: On

the one hand, w

u qu

a cii

a ca

i gi

* A

s a result (nhi

= Consequently

=

In consequence; Henc

e (v

i the, v

n (v

i l

y d

o nay)

Eg 1: Th

a result/As

a consecjiience/In consequence, the

Eg 2: Th

E g 3: Th

of = On account of

of + Noun

diing

due to

sau dong tir t

o be

121

Dung as

a result of

see it/The way I see

aware/To (the best of)

t luan , to

o pu

t it

Eg 1 : I

f w

e conside

r everything , thi

y ra theo thi

r tu ciia ca

c y, cac han

h dong

* tha

t is / tha

t i

s t

o say / namel

y (d

o chin

h la)

* s

o on

; s

o forth : nhie

u nhie

u nua, va

n va

n =

etc (e

t cetera )

* A

s a case in point: Triran

In this school, yo

u ca

n benefi

t a lot o

d friendship, safety

, etc.

(full

et cetera)

Eg 2: Workin

g a

s a famous actor

, h

e ca

n ge

t money, fame

Eg 4: Som

s

and vipers

e cobr

a i

s a

case in point/A

case in point i

s th

e cobra

* Apart from +

NP: tdch

ra khoi

* Except for +

NP: ngoai trie

* Needless

to say:

khong can phai noi

* Nothing

to say/to mention: Chang

co gi cte noi,

de cle cap den

* Let alone: de

rieng, chi rieng

Eg 3: Yo

u

arrived on time

Eg 4: I do not thin

= Needless

to say,

you will hav

Eg 7: Las

t this

is not all i

caused to the trees

n da

t la

i y )

giun rang.

)

can noi rang .

e i

s a necessity

to apply for thi

1 23

Eg 2: Experienc

e i

s a necessity

to apply for thi

s j ob

To put it (mother \\ay\

e

who have no experience

should not appl

y fo

r it

Eg 3: Experienc

e i

s a necessity

to apply for this j ob , that

is (to say) thos

e wh

o

have no experience

should not appl

y fo

r it

Eg 4:

We ll , m

y lif

e ha

s change

d a lot sinc

e I met hi

Eg 5:

We ll , m

y lif

e ha

s change

d a lot sinc

e I met hi

m I mean, I

love h

im

deeply

14 Ti

* On the >vhole/By

and large (informal)/Broadly

speaking/Generally speaking/In

general (noi

chung)

* but , abov

vci

Irirac hel)

Eg 1: Everybod

t wa

s a great success Everybod

themselves very

much On the whdle/By

and large (informal)/

Broadly speaking/Generally speaking/In general,

it wa

s a great success

Eg 2:

My sister i

s ver

y intelligent

, hut her best

attribute is that sh

e i

s a

hard-wo rk in

g gir

l

Eg 3:

My sister i

s ver

y intelligent

: but, above all

(else)/first and foremost, sh

e i

s

a hard-workin

g g ir

l

15 Ti

r no

i d

e d

e dv

i g

i d

a

duo'c de cap t ra oc

do

* l,

n (actual ) fact/I

n poin

t o

f fact/A

s a matter

of fact/Actuall

y (spoken)

: thirc

sir la, sir that

la, vein c1e cua

sir that

la to

be precise (chinh xdc

la):

Eg 1: Th

e weathe

r wa

s bad I

e weathe

r wa

s bad //

( (actual) fact/In point

Eg 3: Sh

, ;/

; (actual) fact/in point

of

fact/as a matter of

fact/ actually,

he was ver

y retarded

13 Ti

* In connection with

(noi ket

vai)/ As

regards/Regarding/In regard to/With regard

to (xem

xet tai

)/As for/Apropos (of) (ve

van de lien quan t&i)

* In this regard/In

this connection/On

this score/In

this respect/

On

this

matter/On this subject/As

regards this, (v

e ma

t nay , v

e khi

a can

h nay , v

e die

m nay

,

ve chu diem nay)

Eg 1: Somethin

//; connection with th

e

drop in sales, somethin

Eg

2: As regards/Regarditig/In regard

to/With regard to/As for/

Apropos (oft

the drop in sales, somethin

Eg

3: As far as

the drop in sales

is concerned , somethin

to say about this ~ In this regard/In

this conneclion/On

this score/In

this respect/On

this matter/On

this subject/As

regards this etc

.

I

have something

to say

124

e (ke

o khon

g thi ) +

k hard , or/else/otherwis

e w

e w il

l fai

l th

e exam

r (sa

u kh i)

: a

s when

( kh i)

l (ch

o de

n k hi )

I wi

* Prove

d that / providin

g tha

t +

1 clause : mie

n l

a

Eg: I w il

t yo

u us

e it-earefully •

B BA

I TA

P O

N LU YE

N

Exercise 1 : Choos

e th

e bes

t answe

r (A , B , C or D) t

A despit

e

B becaus

e C althoug

h

D bu

t

2 I got t

o clas

s o

n tim

e I had

missed by bus

A eve

n thoug

h B nevertheles

s C becaus

e D despit

h hi

s health

time to spend w it

of languages Hi

s brothe

r Michael ha

had no technology

A Wherea

s

B Althoug

h C Nevertheles

k tomorrow

r

8 I

usually enjoy attending

last night , wa

s s

o ba

d tha

t 1 wanted

to lea\ afte

r th

e

first act

A therefor

e

B howeve

r C wherea

r ar

e harmless

A bu

t

B s

o C fo

d wa

s flat and

that a

ship

could conceivably

sail of

f th

e en

d of the earth many

to venture

forth w it

h explorer

s int

o unknow

n waters

125

s

C Therefor

e D Wherea

will accep

t th

e jo

b offer

A Du

e t

o B Eve

n i

f C Provid

e tha

t D Unles

d steam

A i

n additio

n t

o B a

s C an

d the

y us

e D suc

w ha

s a world-famous balle

n spit

e o

f C I

n cas

e o

f D I

skilled operator remain

spite

of C I

n cas

e o

f D I

A du

e t

o B beside

s C i

n spit

e o

f D i

e wil

l neve

r

advance in his ]o

A otherwis

e B i

f C onl

y i

f D unles

a candle

A Unles

s B Eve

n thoug

h C Eve

n D Onl

y i

f

18 A fire

must hav

e a readily

available supply

e C Otherwis

e D Howeve

r

19 I studied

Spanish for you

I wa

s travelin

g i

n Spain

A Therefor

e B O

n th

e othe

r han

d C Moreove

r D Nevertheles

t yo

u

change your mind, ther

A eve

n B nevertheles

y wife

,

prefers a warm bedroom

with all window

s tightl

y shut

A nevertheles

s B consequentl

y C o

n th

e othe

r han

d D moreove

r

22 Som

e fish can

survive only in salt water, othe

A wherea

s B unles

s C i

f D sinc

e

23 Jaso

n becam

e famous, h

B Eve

r sinc

e C Eve

n thoug

h D Du

B unles

s C althoug

h D wherea

s

126

tonight

_ th

e foo

d i

s terrible, I'

A Onl

y i

f B i

f C Eve

n i

f D Provide

him anyway

A an

d B s

o C beside

s D bu

t ha

s warm, sunn

y weather

A Otherwis

e B Furthermor

e C Nevertheles

s D O

A even

t i

f B agre

e I

C I agree

D I will agre

A wil

l I agree

B agre

e I

C I agree

D I will agre

C furthermor

e D otherwis

e

Exercise 2: Rewrit

, (because )

2 Althoug

h I approve

of parties, I

s i

n th

e sam

e place,' sh

e dreamt

, (although )

5 Hi

s fathe

r ha

s died, s

6 Thes

e ar

e th

e rules, bu

t ther

e ar

e exceptions

, (nevertheless )

7 I neither lov

e yo

u no

r I want t

8 Majorc

a i

s a paradise

, (du

e to )

to worse, w

127

e couldn'

t fix

it (cleve

r as )

19 Th

e padloc

k I bought wa

22 W

e wer

e i

n a hurry, s

drowned, (thanli

s to )

e wasn't

, (i

n

spite of)

26 I

t wa

s snowin

g heavily, bu

e me

; but, eve

n so, I'll marry

you (eve

n though )

1 28

1 Yo

u wil

l hav

e to carry, fo

r example , a hundre

d pounds

, (let'

s say

3 Yo

u shoul

d atten

d to your guests Don'

very goo

d guitarist , he

t thi

s is not all the

y too

k a loa

7 1 reckon yo

, (th

e wa

y I se

e it )

r instance , Coleridge

, Wordsworth Byro

o the

y abandone

d hi

m to his fate

, (for )

r an

d better Fo

r example , inflatio

d hi

s remark

s unnecessary

, (personally )

15 Tim

e is short, s

o we'l

l hav

e to

hurry, (since )

17 1 herefore , w

129

19 If

I can'

t carr

y m

y belongings, ho

t I want t

t I want t

t I want t

23 If we consider militar

y servic

e i

n genera

l terms, i

t i

s a waste

24 I don't min

sound, (abov

e all )

t importantly, h

26 If we speak in general terms

27 I

f w

e tal

k generally, Eiviss

difficult, (a

s a matter

of fact )

e trut

h i

s tha

t I hate

nothing, (i

n poin

t o

f fact )

34 Concemin

g you

r brother, h

3 7 The government shoul

3 8 Taking

everything into account, w

t importantly, d

4 0 Firstly, i

t raine

d heavil

y tha

t weekend Secondly

, I felt unwel

n th

e other )

PHAN 11:

TI NH TlT ( AD JE CT IV E) , T RA NG TlT ( AD VE RB

)

VA C AC C AC

H S

O SANH

A KIE

N T Hi rC C

O BA

N V

A NAN

G CA

c do, pha

m vi, cu

d O

r ng sau cac da

i ti

r phie

m ch

i (something, anything

, anybody

g sa

u linkin

g ver

b nhu:

taste turn

d taste

s salty

Neu trong mot cu

, shape , age

, color

,

origin, material , purpose

Eg:

a tall young blonde

Italian lady

- a short fat

old man

- a big square dining room

Cliii y:

* Danh tit diing

lam tinh tie

Trong tieng Anh c6 nhi€u trirong hop mot dan

h ti

r (

a woo

l coat, a gold watch, a

history teacher) Ca

c lie

n

k et so dein

- dan

h ti

r (number-noun) luon

dirge ngan each boi da

These are ten kilo bags

1 31