Tư duy logic sinh hoc

1 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o  ___         Web: lovebook.vn Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/nhasach.lovebook  0963 140 260 2 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o *    kiu gen tn th :                        i trng c, ,locut ng s kiu gen tn th l                                       NST)                                      NST)                                     i t       kiu gen ta n c ca c ng ca X v kiu gen tn cp XY l 2  s ca c  kiu gen t ca c locut gen) ng kiu gen trp XY s l 2 .p  Tng kiu gen trp gii t  Tng king . NST gii t S alen ca mi gen c lc bt ch 2 trong s c - Nu gi s alen ca gen lr  + S king hp ( lung s alen = r                               * Vi nhiu gen: t qu chung t qu ri 3 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o GEN S ALEN/GEN S KIU GEN S NG HP S KG D HP I 2 3 2 1 II 3 6 3 3 III 4 10 4 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n r        r      S KG d hp v tt c p gen ba s KG d hp v  ng (ho KG d hp v tt c                KG d hp t.  ng ca c KG d hp v tt c      S KG d hp v 1 hoc 1 s  v s ng h hp:  ng hp ; D: d hc ta s c kt qu c  king hp: mi alen s cho mt king hi gen c cu ng hp, ti lng cng hp  kiu gen d hp= tng kiu gen - s king hp.    -   - -- 2n).  - --2n) -   -             kiu hn th : 4 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o     n+C 2 m  nhiu ln bng ch    ^^.  .   kiu gen  i con khi bit kiu gen ca b m  th  p NST) m.n - C 2 k  loi giao t ca c th b hoc m  loi giao t ca c th m hoc b  loi giao t ging nhau ca c b   u c b   i =0 ; nu b   1 cp alen gi i =1 ; nu b  p alen gi k i ng b   c b ); n ta vit giao t    i          p gi s loi giao t b  b  =2.2=4  a/  *  4 * m >  -  m -  = m(m-1) -  = C 3 m -1) + C 3 m = m 2 +C 3 m   -                                                      *** S kiu giao phi trong qun th:   -  2 n   -  2  5 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o  -    Gen t cnh trong qun th:  ng hp v tt c c  hp v tt c c  hp v mt cp gen? t cmt cp gen d hp? 6 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o g) S KG t, bit gen I  trng v X  n khng vi Y Gii Da vc tng qut qu chung bng tt qu ri a) S KG trong qun th:                                    b) S ng hp v tt c cn th: S ng hp= r 1 . r 2 = 2.3 = 6 c) S KG d hp v tt c cn th:                  d) S KG d hp v mt cp gen: u : ng hp ; d: d hp  gen I c+ 1d)  gen II c+ 3d) i vi c 2 gen lt qu khai trin ca : (2 + 1d)(3 + 3d) =2.3 + 1.3dd+ 2.3 + 1.3 - Vy s KG d hp v mt cp gen = 2.3 + 1.3 = 9 e) S KG d hp v t mt cp gen: S KG d hp v t mt ci vic tt c cng hp trong KG ca cp d hp, tc lng s KG  s ng hp v tt c c i tdd+ 2.3 + 1.3 -Vy s t ct cp d hp = s KG  s ng hp = 18  6 = 12 g) S KG t                     th gen 1 c 2 gen nm trng. Gen 3 c nm trn khng ca X. Gen 4 cm trng ca X v alen nm trn khng ca Y. Nu qun th th ngu phi , kht bin vm ph th tinh bng th kiu gen t cn th th l Gii              2 .5=160 Cp NST gi  S KG t   i x    3 locut nm trng khu kht bin mi ph kiu gen vu h c c Gii +) KG:     7 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o         S KG t +) KH:   2 2 =5  2 3 + C 2 3 =12 S KH t         - Gen I(2 alen), gen II( 3 alen) nt c ki          - Gen III(4 alen) nt c ki         - S kiu gen tn th v kiu gen. -  2 210 = 22155  mng vm 2 alen, locut 2 gm 3 alen, locut 3 gm 2 alen, locut 4 gm 3 alen. nh s kiu giao ph  ng hp nhim sc th   - S loi kin th 2 )12(2  . 2 )13(3  . 2 )12(2  . 2 )13(3  = 324 - S kiu giao ph    mng vm 2 alen, locut 2 gm 3 alen, locut 3 gm 2 alen, locut 4 gm 3 alen. nh s kiu giao phth  ng h nt cp nhim sc th m sc th gi   - S loi kiu gen ca hai gii trong qun th Gii XX: 2 )132(32 xx . 2 )132(32 xx = 441 Gii XY: 2 )132(32 xx .2.3 = 126  kiu giao phi: 441 . 126 = 55566. TP TRC NGHIM:   1 lo i locut cm trng. 8 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o m trng kh m trng tr Bit mi din bin trong gim ph tinh bng vt bin mi xy ra. S loi kiu gen t cn th tr A. 13500 B. 12150 C. 12000 D. 180000 Gii                 Tng s loi KG tn th=10.10.(120+15)=13500.  chn A.   rui gii ta nghi p NST s 1 thy c. p NST s 2 thy ci locut c p NST s 3 thy ci locut c. n khng ca X thy c. ng thy ci locut c n khng ca Y thy c Nu 1 qun th rui ngu phi bng th kiu gen t c ct ch xn s i th t gia ci nhau mn nhng cu tri cp NST. A. 6078240 B. 2026080 C. 9117360 D. 1088640 Gii                                       S loi KG t   chn C. :  mng vt ngu php nhim sc th gip nhim sc th gi nhm sc th ng; gen th  4 alen nng ca nhim sc th gi m sc th g bm sc th gi kh thuyng v loi kiu gen v b  A. 1908. B. 1800. C. 2340 D. 1548. Gii     9 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o              S loi KG t 4 locut=6.(78+240)=1908.  chn A.    X GH X gh x   X GH Y. Bi tinh xng to ra s loi giao t tt bin xy ra. S loi kiu gen ta   A. 160 B. 208 C. 288 D. 364 Gii   cho to s loi giao t ta t       8 loi giao t 4 loi giao t S loi giao t b  o ra 32 t hp nh C 2 4 =6 t h  o 32-6=26 loi KG +) X GH X gh x X GH Y 4 loi giao t 2 loi giao t S loi giao t  o 8 t h  KG ta to ra  i con=26.8=208 n C.  ong ben. S kiu gen ti thiu   A. 60. B. 900. C. 960. D. 180. Gii - Ong bnh thong qua b NST trong t  b  NST 2n. - V kiu gen ti thiu khi mi locut n kiu gen ca mi  V                    Tng kiu gen   V kiu gen bng s alen mi locut. u gen u gen u gen  Tng kiu gen cc=3.4.5=60.  Tng ki i ti  chn C. 10 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o en, gen 2     A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 8                 