This raises an inevitable requirementthat is to build and develop a number of traditional villages withcharacterized, unique traditional values, with a lot of developmentpotential associ
Trang 1INSTITUTE OF POLITICAL ECONOMICS
-PhD Student NGUYỄN LÊ THU HIỀN
TRADITIONAL CRAFT VILLAGE FOR TOURISM
IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE
Major : Political Economics Code : 62 31 01 01
SUMMARY OF PhD THESIS IN ECONOMICS
HANOI 6/2014
Trang 2Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics
Supervisor: Ass Prof Dr Nguyen Thi Nhu Ha
This thesis can be seen at: National library and Library of Ho Chi
Minh National Academy of Politics
Trang 31 The urgency of the thesis
In the historical development process of Thua Thien - Hue, since theNguyen Dynasty Hue was selected as the land for urban settlement, therural village system of Thuan Hoa - Phu Xuan at that time had somemotions together with the advent of the malls, docks especially, thedemand for commodity exchange created premises to promote thedevelopment of handicraft industry; then the formation and developmentprocess of handicraft villages was also the narrowing down of agriculturaleconomy and innovating the rural aspect in profession-oriented and craftvillages associated with agricultural production activities in the traditionalVietnamese socio-economy
The craft and traditional craft villages have contributed to buildingcultural identity for the Vietnamese people, contributing an important role
in the socio-economic life, particularly in rural and agricultural areas Onthe other hand, traditional villages are characteristics that contribute to thelabor division in the Vietnamese traditional agricultural economy intothree industries, industry - agriculture - trade This economic structure hasactually created for the Vietnam villages to have long-term and steadystability Even to the late XX century and early XXI century, the impact ofscientific and technological advances did not make it change significantly
or if any, there would be very slow changes Therefore, in the growingtrend of economic and cultural integration between countries, thepreservation and development the cultural characteristics of a region, acountry is extremely important as it both preserved and developedtraditional values of the nation to "integrate internationally but notdissolved", and contribute to creating a positive impetus to reduce poverty,improve living standards for the residents and innovate the countrysideface, promote labor restructuring and rural economic structure towardsindustrialization and modernization
Today, as the society develops, the need to relax, enjoy and travel ofpeople increases To meet this demand, many forms of tourism came intobeing such as ecotourism, cultural tourism, community tourism, spiritualtourism, in which the rural tourism form is well developed in domesticand international tourist programs and routes Rural tourism is the form todevelop the harmony in culture, produce, traditional villages InVietnam, craft villages for tourism is increasingly attractive to domesticand foreign tourists, being the general cultural type of tourism, taking
Trang 4tourists to visit, evaluating traditional values and purchasing the typicalgoods of those traditional villages This raises an inevitable requirementthat is to build and develop a number of traditional villages withcharacterized, unique traditional values, with a lot of developmentpotential associated with the tourism sector.
In Thua Thien Hue province, the system of traditional villages isabundant and diverse, converging several factors suitable to build intotraditional villages associated with the tourism sector This is considered aprominent advantage of Thua Thien Hue province in the process ofdeveloping the tourism industry into a key economic sector However, therestoration and development of the traditional craft villages is stillgenerally spontaneous, based on the nature of the craft villages which aresimply of production quality, not conversed to serve tourism From that ithas not timely met the needs of sightseeing, experiencing of visitors aswell as failing to meet the market needs for the kinds of tourism products.This practice raises an urgent need for Thua Thien Hue in the socio-economic development process, being objective, in line with the trend ofthe times that is to restore and develop the system of traditional craftvillages associated with tourism service in a sustainable manner
For this reason, the PhD student has chosen the theme: "Traditional craft villages for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province" as her economic
doctoral thesis
2 Objectives and research tasks of the thesis
2.1 Objectives of the study
Analysis and evaluation of traditional craft villages for tourism inThua Thien Hue province to determine the direction and propose somesolutions to develop traditional craft villages (TCV) for tourism in ThuaThien Hue province by 2020
2.2 Research tasks
To accomplish this goal, the thesis has the following main tasks:
First, codify theoretical issues and practices related to traditional craft
villages for tourism
Second, conduct research, surveys, analysis and evaluation of the
status of TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province in the 2008-2012period, pointing out the results, limitations and causes in the process ofTCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province
Third, the propose directions and feasible solutions to overcome these
limitations exist in the development process of TCV for tourism in ThuaThien Hue province
Trang 53 Object and research scope of the thesis
3.1 The research object of the thesis
The thesis only focuses on studying TCV associated with tourism(TCV for tourism) in Thua Thien Hue Province to build a theoreticalframework to have the basis for researching TCV for tourism in ThuaThien Hue
3.2 The research scope of the thesis
Location: Researching 25 TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue
province
Duration: Researching TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province
period 2008 - 2012, offering recommendations and solutions fordeveloping TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue by 2020
4 Research methodology of the theme
- In the course of the study, the PhD student used the study methods ofpolitical economy, that is: the scientific abstracting method, statisticalmethod, analysis method, synthesis method, comparison method
- The thesis uses the research methods of dialectical materialism andhistorical materialism of Marxism - Leninism to study the problem of TCV
in a dialectical relationship with tourist activities and other issues related
to that study, set in a specific historical context when Vietnam develops itsmarket economy in socialist-oriented market economy and internationaleconomic integration
- In addition, the PhD student also uses the sample selection surveymethodology using questionnaires to collect the opinions of visitors,artisans and producers, businessmen in TCV for tourism in Thua ThienHue province on issues relating to TCV for tourism Due to limited timeand funds, the thesis only surveyed 151 craftsmen, 300 productionbusiness units and 245 visitors to TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hueprovince There is also the use of expert method to communicate directlywith a number of scientists, producers and businessmen in TCV fortourism to further clarify the theoretical issues and practices related to thethesis
5 New contributions of the thesis
First, the thesis put forward the concept and characteristics, the role of
TCV for tourism on the basis of inheriting some of the views of theprevious studies of TCV in general and constructing criteria and factorsaffecting the traditional craft villages for tourism
Second, through researching the experience of developing TCV for
tourism in a number of countries and a number of localities, the thesis
Trang 6draws on experience lessons in developing TCV for tourism for ThuaThien Hue province.
Third, on the basis of analyzing, evaluating TCV for tourism in Thua
Thien Hue province over the reported figures of competent authorities andpractices in the survey questionnaire of the PhD student, the PhD studentmakes assessments on the achievements, constraints and causes of thelimitations in the development process of TCV for tourism in Thua ThienHue province
Fourth, the dissertation proposes directions and solutions to develop
TCV for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province by 2020
6 Significance of the thesis.
7 Structure of the thesis
Besides the introduction, conclusion, appendices, references, thethesis includes four chapters and 10 sections
Trang 7Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH SITUATION RELATED TO THE THEME OF THE THESIS
1.1 PUBLISHED SCIENTIFIC WORKS RELATING TO THE THEME OF THE THESIS.
1.1.1 Published scientific works relating to the theme of the thesis abroad.
The PhD student has investigated some scientific works published
abroad, namely: 1) the two author G Michon, F Mary (1994), Conversion
of traditional village gardens and new economic strategies of rural households in the area of Bogor, Indonesia, Agroforestry Systems Journal Vol.25, No.1, Kluwer Academic Publisher, Indonesia, pp.31 - 38 2) Liu Peilin (1998), To Establish a Protection System for China's Famous Villages of Historic and Cultural Interest, Journal of Peking University No.1, China 3) The co-authors LU Song, LU Lin (2004), Temporal Characteristics of Tourist Flows to Ancient Villages - A Case Study of Two World Cultural Heritages, Xidi Village and Hongcun Village, Scientia Geographica Sinica Journal No.2, China, pp.21 4) Kirsty Blackstock (2005), A Critical look at Community Based Tourism, Community Development Journal No.1, Oxford Univ Press, pp.39 - 49 5) Che Zhenyu, Bao Jigang (2006), Research on Tourism Development of Traditional Villages and the Change of Form, Planners Journal No.6,
specifically as follows: 1) Group of scientific works researching TCV
history including works such as: Nguyen Huu Thong (2004), Hue craft and
traditional craft villages", Thuan Hoa Publishing House, Hue; Pham Con Son
(2004), Vietnamese traditional craft villages, Ethnic Cultural Publishing House, Hanoi; Author Le Nguyen Luu (2/2013), Hue Traditional Craft
Villages, ancient and modern Hue magazine 2) Group of scientific works
which have codified basic theories relating to TCV such as: Mai The Hon
(2000), Developing traditional villages in the process of industrialization and modernization in the environs of Hanoi capital, PhD Economics Thesis, Ho
Trang 8Chi Minh National Academy of Politics; author Tran Minh Yen (2003),
Development of traditional villages in rural Vietnam in the process of industrialization and modernization, PhD Economics Thesis, Ho Chi Minh
National Academy of Politics 3) Group of the scientific works studying the
recovery process and the development of TCV of localities and in the world including the works: Vietnam Institute of Social Sciences and
Northeast Asia Research Institute (2004), Conservation and development of traditional craft villages in Japan, Ha Noi; Author Bui Van Hung (2006), Chinese Rural Industrialization in reform and opening door periods, Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi; Author Vu Van Dong (2010), Each Village a Product is the solution for sustainable tourism development - experiences from other countries and Vietnam, Journal of Development and
Integration, No.3, pp.34-37 4) Group of scientific works toward the goal of
proposing systems of solutions to restore and develop TCV in Vietnam countryside including such works as: Vietnam Union of Scientific and
Technical Association (2003), Situations and solutions to develop craftvillages in Bac Ninh, Proceedings of scientific seminar, Hanoi; Nguyen TriDinh et al (2005), Solutions to develop craft villages in some Red River Deltaprovinces, ministerial level scientific research theme, Hanoi; Nguyen The Thu(2005), lending funds to support traditional craft villages, the right directioncontributing to the boost industrialization and modernization of rural Bac
Ninh, Journal of Education and Reasoning, Hanoi 5) Group research
projects on tourism development issues associated with TCV in Vietnam
including the works: Author Vu The Hiep (2008), Potential for developing
craft villages for tourism in Thua Thien Hue province, Journal of Science and
Education, Hue University of Pedagogy, No 4, pp 120-123; Tran Viet Luc
(2011), Problems in the investment and development of tourism products associated with tourism villages and removing solutions, Proceedings of the
"Workshop on Craft Festival and traditional villages of Hue" Hue, pp 32-38;
Author Nguyen Thi Ngoc Cam (2013), Research on Sustainable Development
of craft village tourism in Thua Thien Hue, Proceedings of the "Workshop on
Hue Festival of Craft and traditional craft villages" Hue, pp 12-16; Nguyen
Phuoc Quy Quang (2013), Craft village tourism in the Mekong Delta - A cultural advantage to develop tourism, Integration and Development Journal,
No 10, pp 62-66; Author Phan Tien Dung (2013), Preserving and promoting traditional villages contribute to promote tourism of Thua Thien Hue Province for sustainable development, Proceedings of the "Workshop on Hue Festival
of Craft and traditional craft villages" Hue, pp.05 -11; Author An Van Khanh
(2013), Developing craft villages, professions connected with tourism,
Trang 9Proceedings of the "Workshop on Hue Festival of Craft and traditional craft
villages”, Hue, pp 39 – 47, etc
1.2 RESEARCH RESULTS OF PROJECTS DISCLOSED THAT THE THESIS WILL HAVE INHERITANCE AND GAPS IN RESEARCHING TCV FOR TOURISM THAT THE THESIS WILL CONTINUE.
The PhD student draw the results of scientific works that have beenpublished that the thesis can inherit as:
- A number of issues related to traditional villages have been clarifiedsuch as: the basic theory of traditional villages, the fundamental role oftraditional villages in the overall economic development and tourismdevelopment in particular; overall assessment of the historical elements of theformation of traditional villages in general, and traditional values of traditionalcraft villages in Vietnam; identifying the important role of the restoration,preservation and conservation of traditional values in general and traditionalvalues of Vietnam traditional villages in the process of development ofeconomy and tourism
- The idea of developing tourism with many different forms of travelcombined with local TCV
The research results of the scientific works published above, on the one hand,has solved many problems of theoretical and practical importance related tothe recovery process and development of TCV in the world and in Vietnam;
on the other hand, with the trend towards modern development, internationalintegration, it has raises a critical need to continue to study the issues related toTCV in new condition (associated with serving tourism) Thus, the thesissupposes that there are some issues that need to continue studying as follow:
- Clarifying the concept, features, the role of TCV for tourism in newconditions of the country and the world
- Develop assessment criteria and factors affecting traditional craft villages fortourism
- Study and assess the status of traditional craft villages for tourism in ThuaThien Hue province, on that basis propose direction and some solutions torestore and develop traditional craft villages for tourism of the locality by2020
Trang 10Chapter 2 THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL BASIS ABOUT TRADITIONAL CRAFT VILLAGES FOR TOURISM
2.1 DEFINITION, CHARACTERISTICS, THE ROLE OF TRADITIONAL CRAFT VILLAGES FOR TOURISM.
2.1.1 The concept of villages, traditional villages and traditional craft villages for tourism.
2.1.1.1 The concept of the craft village and traditional craft villages
Craft village is conceived as a residential cluster in a village having one ormore jobs which are separated from agriculture for independent productionbusiness Income from those jobs accounts for a high proportion of the totalvalue of products throughout the village
TCV are the villages that have one or more traditional craft separatedfrom agriculture for production business and bring about major source ofincome for the year The craft has been passed from one generation to another,often for generations Along with the challenge of time, these craft villageshave become dominant, a traditional, fine craft, with a class of professional orsemi-professional craftsmen who dedicate to the production, with certaintechnological process and live mainly on that Their products have fine artfeatures and has become a commodity in the market
2.1.1.2 The concept of traditional craft villages for tourism
TCV for tourism serves as a "destination" of tourists, they are traditionalvillages, with one or more of the traditional craft separated from agriculture,developing into specific, outstanding occupations for production business,associated with tourism activities, and providing travel products of TCV fortourism to serve tourists, contributing to increased income for workers in TCVfrom the sales of those tourist products
2.1.2 Characteristics of traditional craft villages for tourism.
1) The business production organization operations of TCV for tourismare associated with tourism activities; 2) Develop diversely in size, industrialcareer structure and other services at TCV for tourism; 3) The tourist products
of TCV for tourism is concretized into handicraft products and other forms oftourism services, very rich and diverse, driving to satisfy the needs of visitors;4) The labor force in the traditional craft villages for tourism include skilledartisans, holding the unique secret of the craft villages and skilled workers, theapprentice; 5) TCV for tourism serve as the crystallization age-old culturalvalues of the nation
2.1.3 The role of traditional craft villages for tourism
Trang 11TCV for tourism has an important role for the development of tourism,economy and society in the localities specifically as follows:
First, TCV for tourism contributes to exploiting the resources about
tourism resources, investment capital, technical infrastructure and humanresources for the tourism development in the locality
Second, TCV for tourism contributes to increasing supply and
diversifying tourism products locally
Third, TCV for tourism contributes to create typical tourist destinations,
expanding forms of association and cooperation in the development of tourism
in the locality
Fourth, TCV for tourism contributes to maintaining national identity in
Vietnam
TRADITIONAL CRAFT VILLAGES FOR TOURISM.
2.2.1 The criteria for evaluating traditional craft villages for tourism
2.2.1.1 Tourism products of TCV for tourism
2.2.1.2 The workforce of TCV for tourism
2.2.1.3 Capital resources and financial strength of the businessproduction entity of TCV for tourism
2.2.1.4 The level of application of science and technology in theproduction process in traditional craft villages for tourism
2.2.1.5 The number of tourists to TCV for tourism
2.2.2 Factors affecting TCV for tourism.
Research the emergence, survival and development of TCV throughouthistory, we see their growth be influenced by many factors such as nature,economy, society , in which TCV for tourism is mainly influenced by twogroups of factors as follow:
2.2.2.1 Group external factors influencing the development of TCV for tourism include: 1) The relationship between the TCV for tourism with tourist
companies: 2) The amount of demand for goods and services of TCV fortourism in the market; 3) The development of handicrafts and tourism industry
in Vietnam; 4) The policy of the Government and local authorities towardsTCV for tourism
2.2.2.2 Group internal factors affecting the development of TCV for tourism include: 1) Funds for the production and business activities of
households and enterprises in TCV for tourism; 2) The level of the labor force
in the service of TCV for tourism; 3) Uniqueness of the products in TCV fortourism; 4) The scientific and technological level and the application ofscience and technology in the production process in traditional craft villages
Trang 12for tourism; 5) Conditions for maintaining the production and reproductionprocess in the TCV for tourism such as: raw materials for the productionprocess in the TCV for tourism, production premises of the production units atTCV for tourism, cultural traditions, customs and production experience ofworkers in TCV for tourism, infrastructure in TCV for tourism.
2.3 EXPERIENCE FOR DEVELOPING TRADITIONAL CRAFT VILLAGES FOR TOURISM AT HOME AND ABROAD.
2.3.1 Experience for developing TCV for tourism abroad
2.3.1.1 Experience of Oita province, Japan on developing sustainable TCV
Oita is a province in southwestern of Japan, about 500 km from Tokyo.The younger generation after graduating from universities, colleges,vocational training schools will not want to return to the rural areas where theywere born and grew up, but want to stay in the cities and industrial centers.This situation led to the devastation and severe reduction of the population inrural areas in general and Oita in particular – almost only old people andchildren in this area Facing this situation, there are many proposals of anumber of initiatives to restore the economy of Oita, including the movement
"One Village One Product" A series of legal regulations were created torestore production and career development of traditional handicrafts whichwere referred to as "traditional occupation law."
2.3.1.2 Thailand's experience in tourism development in close connection with traditional villages
In Thailand, the reorganization of the traditional village plays animportant role in the socio-economic development of the country, such ascontributing to preserving and enhancing skilled artisans, preservingtraditional values of the nation, creating jobs in rural areas, preventingmigration to large urban centers, creating products for export, tourismproducts for developing TCV associated with serving tourism From there,promote the TCV associated with the development of tourism service, theThai government launched the program "One Tambon, One Product" alsoknown as "Thai Tambon Project" (in Thai language, "Tambon" means
"Village")
2.3.2 Experience of developing TCV for tourism domestically
2.3.2.1 Experience of developing traditional villages associated with tourism service in Hanoi
In order to exploit the tourism potential, the services of traditionalvillages, Hanoi has developed programs to develop tourism-orientedoccupational villages with 2020, targets for tourism development To support
Trang 13the rapid development of the craft villages in a strong and sustainable way,especially exploiting the tourism potential and services, in 2012, the HanoiDepartment of Industry and Trade has undertaken activities to support careerdevelopment and occupational villages, typically as implementing to assessthe craft village environment in Nhue, Day river basin Organizinginformation collection about the craft villages to publishing books andproducing films introducing about the career development and traditionalvillages potential.
2.3.2.2 Quang Nam's experience in restoring and developing the TCV associated with the trend of modern tourism development.
Each region a unique career but no where in Quang Nam there are diverse
forms of traditional trades as in Hoi An town That is why the program, Each day being an old city resident, with a tour of the craft villages and making
traditional products by themselves attracts many visitors to participate in, forexample, Thanh Ha pottery village, lantern making, vegetable planting in TraQue, all carry a very own identity
2.3.3 Lessons learned for Thua Thien Hue province in developing traditional craft villages for tourism include: 1) Development TCV for
tourism must be associated with the current development trend of moderntourism; 2) Honoring artisans, and focus on training and retraining of humanresources in rural areas at the request of the market and the development of theTCV for tourism; 3) There should be guidance for residents in TCV fortourism how to do tourism business, by doing so can they reach modernmarkets as well as travelers to visit and experience the TCV, contributing tocreate the attraction for TCV; 4) Gradually build the product brand for eachTCV for tourism under the motto "each village each product" by:
- Approving TCV for tourism products accurately to accredit the productbrands of those TCV
- In certain periods, there must be guaranteed policies for TCV fortourism products
- Encourage and enhance the creativity of artisans for the construction anddevelopment of TCV for tourism products
- Development of TCV for tourism products to meet the requirements ofthe laws of the market economy
- There are many ways to harmonize tourism activities with TCV fortourism to serve tourism effectively