Textbooks write English correctly_05 ppsx

lesson 5 - The Phrases -105- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE V ALLOW; ASK; GIVE; TEACH; TELL [P3] Bao thăng ₫o ₫ưng vac măt ₫ḯn ₫êy nưa. Tell that boy not to come here again! Me a, day cho con lam thḯ nao ₫ï̉ chiï̀u möt ngươi ₫an öng. Mother, show me how to please a man. Cha me luön day chung töi ₫ưng kiḯm sö́ng băng lương gat. Our parents always teach us not to make a living by fraud. Cö ta yïu cều töi giư bñ mêt vï̀ chuyïn nay. She asked me to keep this a secret. Cö ta bao töi ₫ưng chơ anh. She told me not to wait for you. [P4] Töi thếy bươc vao möt căn phong ₫ềy ngươi la möt cưc hònh. I find it an ordeal to walk into a room full of people. Töi cho co cha me dï̃ thương la ₫iï̀u ₫ai hanh. I think it a blessing to have nice parents. Töi cho răng sö́ng ơ möt thị trến nho la möt ₫iï̀u phñ hoai. I think it a waste to live in a small town. Töi thếy bo möt thoi quen xếu rết kho. I find it very hard to give up a bad habit. Chung töi tết ca ₫ï̀u cho viïc chḯt cho ly tương cöng san la möt vinh dư. We all believe it an honor to die for communist cause. (c) As an SC Ươc muö́n cuö́i cung cua bö́ töi la ₫ươc chön cết bïn canh me töi. My father’s last wish is to be buried by my mother. ASK SB (NOT) TO DO ST lesson 5 - The Phrases -106- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE Y ₫ịnh cua töi la ₫ươc tiḯp tuc viïc hoc ơ nươc ngoai. My intention is to continue my studies abroad. Quyḯt ₫ịnh cua chung töi la chơ chỉ dễn tiḯp theo. Our decision is to wait for further instructions. Hoai bao hiïn giơ cua hăn la trơ thanh möt nha văn nö̉i tiḯng. His dream/vision at present is to become a well known writer. Hoai bao cua ₫ưa con trai ut ho la trơ thanh möt phi hanh gia. Their youngest son’s dream is to become an astronaut. Kḯ hoach cua chung töi la chơ ₫ḯn tuền sau. Our plan is to wait until next week. Kḯ hoach cua töi la chơ ho ₫ḯn sau tḯt. Our plan is to wait for them until after Tet. Mö t thết bai thöng thương la hanh ₫öng thiḯu suy nghĩ. A common failing is to act without thinking. (d) As an Object of a Preposition Töi khöng con cach nao khac la cươi trư ma thöi. I had no choice but to laugh away. I could not choose but laugh it away. Luc ₫o hăn khöng con lưa chon nao khac ngoai tư chưc. He then had no choice but to resign. He could not choose but resign. Chung töi khöng lam gò khac ngoai tro chuyïn ra. We did nothing but talk to each other. HAVE NO CHOICE BUT TO DO ST CAN DO NOTHING BUT DO ST CAN NOT CHOOSE BUT DO ST lesson 5 - The Phrases -107- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE BUT TO DO ST is a prepositional phrase func- tions as an adjective which modifies such nouns as: CHOICE, OPTION , ALTERNATIVE etc. Honey, I don’t know why. But I prefer to dine out rather than stay home tonight. Höm nay töi thñch ơ nha chư khöng muö́n ₫i xem xi nï. I prefer to stay home rather than go to the cinema tonight. Chung töi lam moi biïn phap ngoai trư dung vu lưc. We have done any measure except use force. (e) As an Appositive Tư trươc giơ no chỉ co möt muc ₫ñch trong ₫ơi: lam cang nhiï̀u tiï̀n cang tö́t. He has had only one objective in life: to make as much money as possible. Y ₫ịnh cua chung töi khiḯn ho trơ lai lam ban ₫a thết bai. Our intention, to make them friends again, has been misunder- stood/failed. Kḯ hoach cua chñnh phu, xêy dưng möt ₫ương hềm qua söng giưa Saigon va Thu Thiïm, hònh như găp nhiï̀u chö́ng ₫ö́i. The plan of the city government, to build a tunnel between SG and Thu Thiem, seems to have met with a lot of opposition. Töi ₫a thết bai trong viïc thưc hiïn hoai bao duy nhết cua mònh: trơ thanh nha văn chuyïn nghiï p. I’ve failed to achieve my only ambition in life: to become a pro- fessional writer. PREFER TO DO ST RATHER THAN DO ST ELSE TO DO ANYTHING EXCEPT DO ST ELSE AIM/OBJECTIVE/PLAN/INTENTION , IP lesson 5 - The Phrases -108- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE Töi biḯt töi ₫ang lam gò; töi khöng cền ₫ươc bao phai lam gò. I know what I’m doing; I don’t need to be told what to do. Chung töi ₫ươc day dö̃ khöng bao giơ ăn căp thư gò cua ai. We are often taught to earn our living by working hard. Chung töi ₫ươc chỉ cach vên hanh chiḯc may nay. We were shown how to operate this machine. Cö ta ₫ươc yïu cều hat bai hat. She was asked to start/begin the song. b. The Use of IP as an Adjective (a) As the Modifier of a Noun Möt ban gai ₫ï̉ ₫i chơi khöng phai la möt cö gai ₫ï̉ cươi. A girl to go out with is not a girl to marry. Tònh yïu la thư khöng thï̉ ₫ua giơn. Love is something not to toy with. Đêy khöng phai nơi ₫ï̉ sö́ng. This is not a place to live in. Töi khöng co gò ₫ï̉ noi. I have nothing to say. Töi cền phai mua săm trươc khi ₫i. I have some shopping to do before I leave. Töi co vai viïc phai giai quyḯt trươc khi ₫i. I have a few things to settle before I leave. TO TELL SB TO ASK SB TO TEACH SB TO SHOW SB TO ALLOW SB (NOT/NEVER) TO DO ST (AGAIN) WHAT TO DO / HOW TO DO ST ST / TO DO ST lesson 5 - The Phrases -109- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE Chung ta phai cö́ găng lam thḯ giơi nay tö́t hơn ₫ï̉ ma sö́ng. We must try to make this world a better place to live in. Cuöc ₫ơi la möt dong söng khöng phai ₫ï̉ ngăm nhòn, ma ₫ï̉ bơi löi trong ₫o. Life is a river not to watch, but to swim in. Nhưng thư ₫ang ₫ươc tranh ₫ếu ₫ï̉ danh lếy thò phai ₫ang. Things to fight for worth fighting for. Co möt thơi ₫ï̉ yïu va co möt thơi ₫ï̉ nhơ. There are times to love and there are times to remember. Em phai ₫anh may 3 bư c thư nưa. I’ve got 3 more letters to type. Răng cai chuyïn anh lưa töi ₫a ro như ban ngay, anh con gò ₫ï̉ noi khöng. That you cheated me is as broad as daylight, have you got any- thing else to say? Ngay mai anh co lam gò khöng? Have you got something to do tomorrow? Khöng cền bên têm vï̀ chuyïn ₫o. There is no need to worry about that. Vến ₫ï̀ ₫a ₫ươc ban cai khöng liïn quan gò ₫ḯn anh. The issue discussed has nothing to do with you. Vến ₫ï̀ ₫ang ₫ươc ban cai khöng liïn quan gò ₫ḯn anh. The issue under discussion has nothing to do with you. Vến ₫ï̀ se ₫ươc ban cai khöng liïn quan gò ₫ḯn anh. The issue to be discussed has nothing to do with you. Anh ta ₫i ngu ma khöng co gò pha i bên têm. He went to bed without anything to worry. (b) As the Modifier of a SC [P3 & P10] lesson 5 - The Phrases -110- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE V SEE, HEAR, WATCH, MAKE Töi thếy ₫ưa be nay vao cưa tiïm nay 3 lền höm nay. I’ve seen this boy entered this shop 3 times today. Ngươi ta thếy ₫ưa be nay vao cưa tiïm nay 3 lền höm nay. This boy was seen to enter this shop 3 times today. Ngươi ta thếy khoi bö́c lïn tư phña sau tram xăng. Smoke was seen to rise from behind the gas station. Hăn ta bị ngươi ta thếy ₫ang ăn căp tui cua töi. He was seen to stealing my purse. Ngươi ta nghe anh phan nan rết nhiï̀u vï̀ töi. Anh phan vï̀ töi chuyïn gò? You have been heard to complain about me. What do you want to complain about at all? Ngươi ta nghe hăn dñnh dang tơi vu xò căng ₫an. He was heard to involve in the scandal. Albert Einstein ₫ươc chon la nhên vêt cua thḯ ky 20. Albert Einstein was chosen to be the person of 20 th century. Cö ta hònh như ₫a thay ₫ö̉i y ₫ịnh cua mònh. She seems to have changed her mind. TO SEE SOMEBODY DO ST / DOING ST SB [BE] SEEN TO DO ST / DOING ST * TO INFI refers to the completion of the action * INFI w/o TO refers to the continuity of the action TO BE TO DO ST lesson 5 - The Phrases -111- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE This construction shows an arrangement or a hope in the future. You are to be interviewed from 9:00 to 9:30 tomorrow. Töi phai găp öng giam ₫ö́c luc 10 giơ sang mai. I am to see my Manager about 10:00 am tomorrow. The next flight to Hongkong is to take off at 10:55. You are to be transferred to another department. (c) As the Modifier of an OC [P4] Lao chu băt chung töi lam viïc vö cung cưc nhoc. The boss makes us work very hard. Töi thếy anh ta rết dï̃ băt chuyïn. I found him quite easy to talk to. Töi nghĩ hoc săn săng hơp tac vơi chung ta. I think them quite ready to cooperate with us. Töi thếy tònh thḯ rết kho ₫ö́i pho. We found the situation hard to cope with. c. The Use of IP as an Adverb (a) As the Modifier of an ADJECTIVE In this case, the IP usually functions as the ADVERB OF PUR- POSE. A person anxious to achieve his or her purpose is likely to use any mean, fair or foul. Möt ngươi săn sang thết bai se dï̃ dang thanh cöng. A person willing to lose is likely to win Nhưng thư dï̃ ₫ḯn ₫ï̀u ₫ï̃ ₫i. Things easy to come are easy to go. ADJECTIVE IP (= adverbial expression) lesson 5 - The Phrases -112- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE Cưng a me anh kho tñnh qua. Honey, your mother is hard to please. Vến ₫ï̀ nay kho giai quyḯt qua. This problem is hard to solve. Möt ngươi co thï̉ vươt lïn chñnh mònh se co thï̉ vươt lïn trïn ngươi khac. A person able to rise above himself is able to rise above the others. Möt ke khöng thï̉ tï̀ gia thò khöng thï̉ trị quö́c. A person unable to run his family is unable to run his country Ai cung ₫au buö̀n khi thếy thơi thanh xuên cua mònh ra ₫i. Everybody is unhappy to see his youth going away. Long tö́t thưc sư thơi nay rết kho kiḯm. True kindness of hear is hard to find these days. Em băng long sö́ng vơi anh va chăm soc anh cho ₫ḯn khi anh qua ₫ơi. I’m content to live with and take care of you until you die. Langdon cam thếy ngươi chu nha nay khöng phai la ke dï̃ dai. Langdon sensed his host was a hard man to please. (D.Brown, The Davinci Code) (b) As the Modifier of a VERB, or rather a PREDICATE As the modifier of the Predicate, the IP usually functions as an ADVERB of PURPOSE. PREDICATE IP (= adverbial expression) lesson 5 - The Phrases -113- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE Hăn co ve như ₫ang buöng tröi moi viïc. He seems to let things go. Cö ta co ve như ₫a hiï̉u lềm sư quan têm cua töi She seemed to have mistaken my attention Co ve như töi ₫a ₫ăt sai tònh yïu thương cua mònh. I seemed to have misplaced my affection. Hăn lếy cö ta ₫ï̉ lam vui long ba me hăn. He married her to please his mother. Ho phai ban nha ₫ï̉ tra nơ. They had to sell their house to pay their debt. Töi phai ₫ö̉i viïc ₫ï̉ lam vui long ba ma töi. I had to change my job to please my parents Chung ta phai hoc tö́t vơi chñnh mònh ₫ï̉ tö́t vơi ngươi khac. We must learn to be kind to ourselves in order to be really kind to others. Chung ta phai ca i tiḯn ca ky thuêt lễn thiḯt kḯ san phểm ₫ï̉ ban chay hơn. We must improve both the quality and the design of our prod- ucts to sell them well. Töi ₫a phai lam viïc vết va ₫ï̉ kiḯm sö́ng. I have been working very hard to earn my living. Đï̉ ban chay hơn, chung töi phai ha gia xuö́ng. * The expression ‘IN ORDER TO DO ST’ is used when emphasis is given to the ADVERB OF PURPOSE. When both the purpose and result of the purpose is emphasized, the expresion ‘SO AS TO DO ST’ or ‘SO AS NOT TO DO ST’ is used; in other words, ‘NOT TO DO ST’ is used when it functions as an adjective or as a noun. When the sentence is long, the IP of purpose occupies initial position. lesson 5 - The Phrases -114- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE To sell them well, we must try to lower our prices. Đï̉ sö́ng hanh phuc, ngươi ta phai hiï̉u mònh la ai va mònh muö́n gò. To live happily, one must understand that one really is and what one really wishes for. Cuö́i cung hăn cung ₫a co tiï̀n, quyï̀n lưc va danh tiḯng chỉ ₫ï̉ thếy gia ₫ònh tan nat. He finally achieve money, power and fame to find his family shattered. Ba muö́n sö́ng ₫ï̉ nhòn thếy cac con thanh gia thết va ö̉ng ₫ịnh trươc khi ba nhăm măt. I will live to see you married and settled before I die. (c) As the Modifier of an ADVERB I don’t love her enough to marry her. She has been working hard enough to be given a rise. Don’t worry too much about her. She is old enough to take care of herself / to decide for her self / to stand on her own feet. She is experienced enough to deal with this situation. She is too young to decide for herself. I am too old to marry again. The distance is too far to walk. Honey, your mother is too difficult to please. The IP is sometimes used as an ADVERB of RESULT, especially with the use of the infinitives SEE or FIND. TOO / ENOUGH IP TOO + ADV / ADJ / UN’s / CN’s + IP [...]... grammatical function in the statement in which it appears In other words, it does not modify any word at all Instead, it governs the whole idea or statement, and normally expresses the speaker’s or the writer’s attitude towards what is being spoken or what is being written and usually occupies the initial position Sometimes, it occupies in middle position, normally after the subject of the sentence TO . lesson 5 - The Phrases - 105- THE INFINITIVE PHRASE V ALLOW; ASK; GIVE; TEACH; TELL [P3] Bao thăng ₫o ₫ưng vac măt ₫ḯn. la trơ thanh möt nha văn nö̉i tiḯng. His dream/vision at present is to become a well known writer. Hoai bao cua ₫ưa con trai ut ho la trơ thanh möt phi hanh gia. Their youngest. văn chuyïn nghiï p. I’ve failed to achieve my only ambition in life: to become a pro- fessional writer. PREFER TO DO ST RATHER THAN DO ST ELSE TO DO ANYTHING EXCEPT DO ST ELSE AIM/OBJECTIVE/PLAN/INTENTION