GIÁO ÁN ÔN THI VÀO 10

They used to go ……… swimming in the afternoon..  The roof was repaired …… Bước 4: Đặt BY + Agent [ tác nhõn ] Nếu sau by là mụ̣t đại từ vụ nhõn xưng mang nghĩa người ta: by peopl

a To Be: - is : He/ She/ It/ Mai Ex: I am a student

- are: They/ You/ We/ Mai and Lan Ex: He is a teacher

- Am: I Ex: They are students

(+) & (-) you, we, they ( N- nhiêu )+ are (n’t) + O She, he, It ( N -ít ) + is (n’t) + O

I + am (not) + O (?) Are + you/we/ they (N-nhiêu) + O?

2 Usage:

Diễn tả một hành động: - thường xuyên xảy ra

- hành động lặp đi lặp lại

- một sự thật hiển nhiên

3 Dấu hiệu:

- Always, usually, often, sometimes…

- Everyday, every week/month/year , on Mondays, Tuesdays, Sundays

- Once/twice / three times a week/month/year

4 Lưu ý:

* Quy tắc chia động từ ngôi 3 số ít :

- Tất cả các động từ đều thêm “s” ở thể (+), trừ những động từ sau thêm “ES”:

+ Động từ tận cùng – O; - SS; -SH; -CH; -X; -Z; - PA + Y ( try- tries)

 Cách phát âm: Với các ngôi thứ ba (3) số ít, đuôi "S" được đọc như sau :

Cách đọc Các động từ có kết thúc với đuôi

/iz/ S, X, Z, CH, SH, CE, GE + ES /z/ Không thuộc hai loại trên

II Past Simple:

1 Form:

a To Be: - Was : I/ He/ She/ It/ Mai

- Were: They/ You/ We/ Mai and Lan

(+) & (-) you, we, they ( N- nhiêu )+ were (n’t) + O

I, She, he, It ( N -ít ) + was (n’t) + O

(?) Were + you/we/ they (N-nhiêu) + O?

Was + I / she/he/it/N-it + O ?

b Verb:

(+) S + Ved /V2 + O (-) S + didn’t + V + O (?) Did + S + V + O ?

2 Usage:

Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ

3 Dấu hiệu:

- Yesterday, last week/month/year, ago

- In the past, from…to…, in+ (năm đã qua)

4 Cách dùng " Used to" trong thời QKT:

Được dùng trong thời QKT (nghĩa là: "đã từng") để chỉ hành động/thói quen trong quá khứ, và đã chấm dứt trong quá khứ.( Dùng như động từ thường).

2 Usage:

Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai

3 Dấu hiệu:

- Tomorrow, soon, next week/month/year, next Monday, Tuesday, , Sunday,

- Next June, July, , next December, next weekend

IV Near Future:

1 Form:

Khẳng định S + (be) going to + V + (O)

2 Usage:

Diễn đạt hành động, sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai mà có kế hoạch từ trước

3 Dấu hiệu:

- Tomorrow, soon, next week/month/year, next Monday, Tuesday, , Sunday,

- Next June, July, , next December, next weekend

Laughed Mixed, missed Dropped,roped Finished Stretched

1 Exercise 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở thì HTT hoặc QKT.

1 Mr Green always ……….(go) to work by bus

2 It ……….(not rain) in the dry season

3. My wife and I ………( travel )to Mexico by air last summer

4 I ………( have ) a little trouble with my car last week

5 My little sister ………(drink) milk everyday

6 The doctor sometimes ………….(return) home late

7 What ………… (you,do) yesterday?

8 The earth ………….(circle) the sun once every 365 days

9 They ………… (be) at work yesterday ?

10 She …………(not invite) her to the party last week

11 My father …………(work) 38 hour a week

12 The weather usually ………….(get) quite hot in July and August

13 My mother ……… (leave) this city 2 years ago

14 Pasteus ………….(die) in 1995

15 The train ……….(leave) Paris at 11.30 and ………… (arrive) in London at 14.45

16 We ……… (meet) David 3 years ago

17 Mr Wilson ………… (go) to the dentist every 6 months

18 He ………(live) in HN in 2 years & then in 1995 he (move) to LD

19 The Browns …………(live) in LD from 1970 to 1995

20 Kate …………(often, not go ) swimming

21 My sister has taught E in this school since she (graduate) ……… from university

2 Exercise 2: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở thì TL đơn hoặc TL gõ̀n:

1 A: What do you want to do when you leave school?

B: I………( be) a dancer

2 A: I think the house is on fire! B: I ……… (phone) the fire brigade

3 A: I’ll get the sugar from the cupboard

B: Watch out! You………(hit) your head on the door

4.Sorry to keep you waiting I ………(not be) long

5 According to the weather forecast, it ……… (snow) tomorrow.I’m sorry I can’t meet you tonight I ………… (go out) with my parents

6 Careful! You ………(knock) that jug off the table !

7 Our teacher ………… (give) us a test tomorrow

8 I ………(go) to Manchester at the end of next week

9 Look out! You ……….(hit) that tree!

10 I think our team ………… (probably win)

3 Exercise 3: Đặt đụ̣ng từ ở dạng đúng:

1 They used to (go) ……… swimming in the afternoon

2 Is Lan used to ( write) ……… to Mary?

3 He used to ( go) ……… To the cinema on the weekends

4 When I was a child I used to ( dream) ……… of being an astronaus

5 You’ll have to get used to (eat) ……… less if you want to lose weight

6 They ( are used to/ used to) go to Dalat in summer.

7 I (am used to/ used to) getting up early.

8 (Did they used to/ Are they used to ) watching TV?

9 My father (is used to/ used to) come home late.

10 She (is used to/ used to) go swimming in the afternoon.

Nghi vấn Is/am/are + S + V-ing + (O)?

2 Usage:

Diễn tả sự việc đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói

3 Dấu hiệu:

 Các trạng từ dùng trong thời HTTD

- now, at present, right now

- at the / this moment, at once

Sau c©u mÖnh lÖnh:

- Keep silent! Look at!, Be quite!, Be careful!, Don’t make noise.

Chú ý: Không dùng thì tiếp diễn với các động từ chỉ tri giác ,nhận thức, sở hữu như.( relise,feel, taste,

seem,remember, think, love, mean, understand, hear, smell, hate, to be, know, want, need, die,

forget,depend

II Past Continuous:

1 Form:

2 Usage:

- Diễn tả sự việc đang xảy ra trong quá khứ thời gian xác định cụ thể

- Hai hay nhiều hành đọng cùng xảy ra trong quá khứ

- Hành động đang xảy ra thì một hành động khác xen vào

3 Dấu hiệu: While, as, when, by the time (ngay khi)

- Th«ng thêng chóng ta cã thÓ sö dông cÊu tróc sau:

While ( QKTD); QK§ When (QK§); QKTD

Ex: I was doing my homework at 6 p.m last Sunday

I was cooking while my sister was washing the dishes

III Present Perfect:

1 Form:

(Have dùng cho các ngôi trừ các Ngôi thứ 3 số ít; Has dùng cho các ngôi thứ 3 số ít)

2 Usage:

- Diễn tả hành động vừa mới xảy ra

- Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ mà không rõ thời gian

Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và còn liên quan đến hiện tại

3 Dấu hiệu: Các trạng từ dùng trong thời HTHT:

- Since :Since + thời điểm (since 1990, since last week/month/year; since I last saw him )

- For :For + khoảng thời gian (for two days…)

- Yet: dùng trong câu (-) và (?) thường đứng ở cuối câu

- Already (+), just, up to now, recently, lately, ever, never

IV Present Perfect:

1 Form:

Nghi vṍn Had + S + V3/-ed + (O)?

2 Usage:

- Diờ̃n tả hành đụ̣ng xảy ra và đã hoàn thành trong quá khứ

( Trong cõu cú 2 hành đụ̣ng thì hành đụ̣ng xảy ra trước dùng QKHT còn hành đụ̣ng sau dùng

QK)

3 Dṍu hiợ̀u:

- Before( QK), after ( QKHT)…, when

Ex: We had lived in hue before 1975

After the children had finished their homework, they went to bed

3 I can’t hear What’s that man (say) ?

4 At 9 o’clocked yesterday Lan (not watch) TV

5 Be quiet ! The baby (sleep)

6 It ( rain) now

7 The population (rise) very fast

8.You (make) a lot of noise Can you be a bit

quieter?

9.The birds (sing) and it was a lovely day

10 They (cook) some food in the kitchen at

present

11 They (have) breakfast when the police arrived

Look ! The bus (come)

13 Look! The fire engine (arrive) !

15 What (you,do) at 7 o’clock last night?

16 Don’t speak while I (talk)!

17 I (use) this pencil at the moment

18 While he (speak) to the girl, I watched him carefully

19 The sun (shine) as we started our jouney

20 “ Where is Lan ?” “ She (sunbath) in the garden”

21 Lan’s (cut) up the vegetables for me to cook 22 The roses in the garden are (die) now.

23 See you in the morning I (leave) now

24 They (watch) TV while their mother was cooking dinner

25 Lan (drive) to work when suddenly her mobile phone rang

14 They (plan) their next holiday at the moment

2 Exercise 2: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở các thỡ HTHT, QKHT.

1 They ( not speak)… to each other since they

quarelled

2 My father (work) in this factory for many

years

3 I (just ,buy) … a new bike

4 I think Mr Brown (have)……… his lunch

5 Margaret and Jane (have)… a lot of practice in

E

6 Mr Smith ( not travel )……… to VN yet

7 I (never, meet )……….Nancy’s parents

8 Bob can go to bed now He (finish) …… his

homework

9 He (go) …… to the P.O yet ?

10 We ( just, finish)……… the work

11 The train (start) before we arrived at the station

12 The film ( already begin) when we got tothe cinema

13 When we (go) to the cinema, the film (just start)

14 Yesterday, Lisa (enter) the room before the children came

15 Helen wnet home after she (finish) her work

16 When he arrived the director (leave)

17.My sister (teach) E in this school since she graduated from university

LESSON 3: TENSES

Chia động từ 1-Choose the best options to complete the sentences below

1 They are pen pals They (are writing/ write/ has written/ wrote) each other twice a month

2 I was very (impressed/ corresponded/ comprised/ interested) by the efficiency of the staff

3 We must learn English at school It is a/an (primary/ compulsory/ national/ optional)subject

4 I wish you (were / are / would be/ will be) here with us now

2-Choose the best word/words in brackets

1 My friend to the museum last weekend (goes, went, had gone)

2 My grandfather many years ago (dies, died, has died, was dying)

3 I my son the money for that last week (gave, given, have given, was given)

4 The earth around the sun (go, went, has gone, goes)

5 He her walk through the park two hours ago (sees, saw / has seen)

3-Supply the correct tense form of the verbs in brackets

1. She usually dinner for the family (cook)

2. They their mother with the housework everyday (help)

3. Mr Brown in Birmingham ten years ago (live)

4. There a traffic jam in the center of the city almost last year (be)

5. The students the final test everymonth (have)

6. They those interesting books yeterday (read)

7. Lan some flowers for her teacher last Sunday (buy)

8. The Pikes dinner last night (have)

9. he this book for children last year (write)

10. She Bangkok two years ago (visit)

4-Choose the best options to complete the sentences below:

1 Are you (enjoying– waiting– looking– pleasing) your staying in Vietnam?

2 She wishes (can– can’t – could – couldn’t) swim well

3 Vietnamese people are (friend – friends – friendship – friendly)

5-Choose the best word/words in brackets

1 My friend to the museum now (goes, went, is going)

2 My grandfather TV at the moment (watches/ is watching/ was watching)

3 Tom was taking a photograph of me while I (don’t look/ isn’t looking/ wasn’tlooking)

4 I soccer at that time (am playing/ was playing/play)

5 Look! It’s (is snowing/ was snowing / snows)

6-Give the correct form of the verbs in the blankets:

6 He (paint) the ceiling at the moment

7 Last night I read in bed when suddenly I heard a scream

8 (You/watch) television when I phoned you?

9 Ann (wait) for me when I arrived

10 I (not/drive) very fast when the accident happened

11 What (you/do) at this time yesterday?

12 I saw Carol at the party She (wear) a really beautiful dress

13 When the teacher came in, the pupils (play) games

14 Excuse me, I (look) for a phone book.Is there one near here?

Listen! Can you hear those people next door? They (shout) at each other again

7-Give the correct form of the verbs in the blankets:

1 My brother (join) ………the army when he (be) ………young

2 Tom (study) ………chemistry for three years and then he gave it up

3 Miss Lee often (write) ………when she was on holiday

4 He (leave) ………home two weeks ago

5 When the teacher came in, the pupils (play) ………games

6 Columbus (discover) ………America more then 400 years ago

7 I last (see) ………him since last Sunday

8 She (play) ………the piano when our guest (arrive) ………last night

9 The light (go) ………out when we (have) ………dinner

10 What ………you (do) ………at 7 PM last night?

11 The children basketball now (play)

12 They their mother with the housework everyday (help)

13 Lan some flowers for her teacher last Sunday (buy)

14 The Pikes dinner at 7 o’clock last night (have)

8 Exercise 3: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở các thì đã học.

1.It (be) always hot in summer in Hue

2.We (not go) to the cinema last night

12 She (not watch) television every night

13 John (go) to the store before he (go)

3.Smoking (be) bad for your health.

4.Hoang (practise) speaking English every day

5.Lan (not have) a health examination last month

6.We (not have) classes tomorrow

7.Look! The children (not do) their homework

They (sleep)8.Kim usually (go) to school by bike But today

she (walk) to school

9.Next month, my English teacher (go) to

England

Tom (watch) ……TV every night Yesterday he

(watch) ………it in the afternoon

10 We (not have) classes tomorrow

11 Would you like (see) a movie?

home

14 Jeannette (wash) the pipettes after she(complete) the experiment

15 My mother (plant) ……… flowers

in the garden at the moment

16 Minh (go) ……….to the dentist tomorrow morning

17 My friend (go).to the museum now

18 My grandfather (watch).TV at the moment

19 Tom was taking a photograph of me while I (look)

20 What you (do) last weekend?

LESSON 4: PASSIVE VOICE

4 BƯỚC CĂN BẢN Đấ̉ THÀNH LẬP CÂU BỊ Đệ̃NG

Bước 1: Xác định động từ chớnh trong cõu Vớ dụ: Ann repaired the

Vớ dụ: Ann repaired …  The roof was repaired ……

Bước 4: Đặt BY + Agent [ tác nhõn ] (Nếu sau by là mụ̣t đại từ vụ nhõn xưng mang nghĩa người ta: by people, by sb hoặc là các đại từ nhân xng , đại từ bất định thì khụng cõ̀n)

Vớ dụ: Ann repaired the roof  The roof was repaired by Ann

Lưu ý: Nếu trong cõu cú cụm chỉ nơi chốn thì đặt trước BY+ agent nếu cú cụm từ chỉ thời gian

thì đặt sau By + agent

BẢNG Tễ̉NG HỢP CÁC THÌ Ở DẠNG BỊ Đệ̃NG

Simple Present Ann repairs the roof The roof is repaired by Ann

Simple Past Ann repaired the roof The roof was repaired by Ann

Present

Continuous

Ann is repairing the roof The roof is being repaired by Ann

Past

Continuous Ann was repairing the roof The roof was being repaired by Ann

P Present Perfect Ann has repaired the roof The roof has been repaired by Ann

Past Perfect Ann had repaired the roof The roof had been repaired by Ann

Simple Future Ann will repair the roof The roof will be repaired by Ann

T The near future Ann is going to repair the roof The roof is going to be repaired by

Ann Modal verbs Ann can (could…) repair the roof The roof can ( could…)be repaired

by AnnB- BÀI TẬP

1 Mary does some exercises everyday.

2 My aunt makes a good cake.

3 Workers repair the roof of my school.

4 The new teacher teaches English.

5 Sleepy drivers often cause accidents.

6 English people like football.

7 Alice visits her grandparents every week.

8 Bill feeds the chickens every morning.

9 Does Tom break that window?

10 A violent storm destroyed the fishing village.

11 The lawyer made the decision.

12 Her husband didn’t love her.

13 They invited a lot of people to their party last

night.

14 Christopher discovered America in 1492.

15 Last night, our grandmother told us a very

interesting story.

16 A policeman took him to the police- station.

17 Peter has sung this song.

18.They have paid doctors a lot of money.

19 She has eaten all the eggs.

20 The news has surprised me.

21 John has broken my watch.

22 Nobody has seen Tim since he left school in

1990.

23 People play soccer all over the world.

24 My sister is writing that note in her notebook.

25 They gave my little sister a ticket.

26 They have invited all the members to the party

27 They make Honda cars in Japan.

28 You must keep your dogs in the garden.

29 Passengers shouldn’t throw away their tickets.

30 A machine could do this much more easily.

31 His family will see him off at the airport.

32 Thuy has to finish her homework tonight.

33 The fire destroyed many houses in my neighborhood.

34 Tom will return those books to the library tomorrow

35 Bad weather has delayed Flight 202 from Miami.

36 People use milk to make butter.

37 you must keep your room tidy.

38 Nobody saw her at the party last night.

39 She didn’t introduced me to her parents.

40 You have to do these exercises right away.

41 Has someone posted my parcel ?

42 Who broke this window ?

43 Someone will translate this letter into Vietnamese.

44 He turned off the lights when he went out.

45 They made the instrument long ago.

46 The teacher explains the lesson.

47 These boys made that noise.

48 He gave him back the money last Sunday.

49 Mrs Green is cooking the food in the kitchen

50.We are going to grow flowers in the front garden

LESSON 5CONDITIONAL AND WISH SENTENCES, TAG-QUESTIONS

S + will( can) + V + O

S + will not + V + O Will + S + V…?

- Diễn tả một điều

kiện có thể xảy ra ở

hiện tại hoặc tương lai

S+ would( could) + V + O S+ would/could/should(n’t) +V+O

Would/Could + S + V…?

- Diễn tả một điều

kiện không thể xảy

ra ở hiện tại hoặc

tương lai

Chú ý: Unless = If … not (Sau Unless không được dùng dạng phủ định( Ví dụ: không

được viết Unless you don’t write)

EX: unless you study hard, you will fail the exam = If you don’t study hard, you will fail the

exam

II Wish Sentences:

1 Form:

WISH : a Ở HIỆN TẠI : dùng

b TRONG QUÁ KHỨ

c TRONG TƯƠNG LAI

2 Usage:

- Diễn tả những điều mong ước mà hiện tại chúng ta không thực hiện được hoặc những điều hoàn toàn trái ngược với thực tế và những mong muốn trong tương lai hầu như không thể thực hiện được

EX: * I wish I were on the beach now

* I wish I had got good marks last year

* I wish I would speak E well next year

III Tag- questions:

- Là cách thêm phần hỏi vào sau 1 câu (+) để nó trở thành 1câu (?)để khẳng định sự đồng tình về vấn đề nào đó

 Usage: + Chủ ngữ luôn là đại từ, thể (-) luôn dùng dạng rút gọn Nếu là động từ đặc biệt thì được lặp lại động từ đó

+ Câu (+) sẽ có phần đuôi là (-) và ngược lại

+ Phần đuôi không lặp lại động từ chính mà chỉ lặp lại trợ động từ

Câu mệnh lệnh:

Keep your throat warm

Don’t forget to do homework

Won’t you

I am

Is / are / was / were

Aren’t I

Isn’t / aren’t / wasn’t / weren’t

never, seldom, rarely,hardly, nobody, none = no one,

nothing, no, neither

khẳng định

everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anyone,

anybody, no one, nobody, none, neither

they nothing, something, every thing, this, that it

Nếu tân ngữ là các đại từ tân ngữ phủ định: nothing,

nobody, no one, none of them

khẳng định.

Deny + Ving: trối cãi, Refuse to + V Từ chối, fail to + V khẳng định.

It is a pity that clause, It is time for SB to do st

It is time sb did st

Isn’t it?

You think you will be able to do it well Don’t you?

S + Ved/V2

S + could + VHAD + V3WOULD + V

She said that she was good at English Didn’t she?

B- BÀI TẬP

1 Exercise 1: Complete these sentences:

1. I wish I (can) speak English perfectly. I wish……… ………… ………… ….

………

2. I wish I (know) how to swim  I wish……… ………….… ……… ………

3. I wish you (like) my painting  I wish……… ………… ………… ….………

4. I wish you (not come) here late  I wish……… ………… ………… ….………

5. I wish I (will be) there soon  I wish……… ………… ………… ….………

6 I don’t know anyone in this class  I wish ……… ………… ………… ….………

7 The dictionary is very expensive  I wish ……… ………… ………… ….………

8. She isn’t here  She wishes ……… ………… ………… ….………

9. The students never go abroad  The students wish ……… ………… …………

….………

10. They cannot eat seafood  They wish……… ………… ………… ………

11. Their team don’t play very well  They wish……… ………… ………… ………

12. It’s very cold in the winter here  I wish……… ………… ………… ….………

2 Exercise 2: Đặt động từ trong ngoặc cho đúng thì ở câu điều kiện loại 1 1 Ìf I see him I ( give) him a lift 2 If he ( eat) all that he will be ill 3 The police (arrest) him if they catch him 4 If he ( read) in bad light he will ruin his eyes 5 Someone ( steal ) your car if you leave it unlocked 6 If he (wash) my car I’ll give him $10 7 Unless he ( sell) more he won’t get much commission 8 Unless you are more careful you (have) an accident 9 Ice (turn) to water if you heat it 10 If he ( like) the house will he buy it? 3 Exercise 3:Viết lại những câu sau sử dụng IF hoặc UNLESS 1 I’ll call the police if you don’t leave me alone.(unless) 2 In the snowy weather we don’t go to school.( If) 3 If he fails the final exam, he won’t be able to graduate.( unless) 4 Unless it rains soon, all the plants are going to die ( IF) 5 If she work hard , she will pass the exam (Unless) 6 If she does not hurry, she will be late ( unless) 7 Unless you are careful, you will cut yourself with that knife.( If) 8 If you do not like this one, I’ll bring you another ( Unless) 9 I’ll not be able to do any work if I do not have aquiet room (unless) 10 If you press this button, the machine will stop ( unless) 4.Exercise 4: Đặt động từ trong ngoặc cho đúng thì ở câu điều kiện loại 2 1 If I (know)………… his address I’d give it to you 2 I shouldn’t drink that wine if I (be)……… you 2 If I had a typewriter I (type)……… it myself 3 If he worked more slowly he ( not make)……… so many mistakes 4 If he knew that it was dangerous he ( not come)…………

5 I could get a job easily if I ( have )……… a degree 6 If I were sent to prison ,you (visit)………… me? 7 If you were really ill, you (stay)………… in bed in a few days 8 If we (have)……… a lot of money, we could buy the house of our dreams 8 If the weather weren’t so awful, we (go )……… swimming in the sea 9 If I (stay)……… in Britain for a year, my E would improve 10 If I had more time, I (read)……… more books 5.Exercise 5: Điền vào chỗ trống với một câu hỏi đuôi 1. Mr White is a tailor, ……….…?

19. Nobody understands what the lady over there

3. I am clever, ………… ?

4. We must hurry, ……… ….?

5. They won’t stop long, ……….?

6. You asked for mustard, ………… ?

7. She speaks too quickly, ………… ?

8. He will arrive soon, ……….?

9. Tom doesn’t like ham, ……… ?

10 They told me a lie, ………?

11 It can’t be so bad, ……… …?

12 It was a pity,………?

13 Jack is joining the club, ………….?

14 They have sold the house, …………?

15 You are leaving here tomorrow, …? 16 You can’t come next week, ……….?

17. He should have come home earlier, …? says, ………?

20. Nothing makes you bored, ……? You always look happy 21. You have read this article on the website, …? 22. You don’t read this article on the website, ……?

23. She never tells the truth, ………?

24. She doesn’t believe you, ?

25. I haven’t met you before, ?

26. The children weren’t surprised, ?

27. Your sister can speak English well, ?

28. You have a new computer, ?

29. He didn’t wake you up this morning, ?

30. Let’s go for a walk, ?

LESSON 6 REPORTED SPEECH A- LÝ THUYấ́T - Cõu trực tiếp là cõu trớch nguyờn văn lời phát biờ̉u của người nào, dùng kèm với dṍu “” - Cõu gián tiếp là cõu thuọ̃t lại lời núi của người nào

I Những thay đổi khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp : 1 -Đổi ngôi, đổi thì, từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn theo quy tắc -Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp ta phải lùi 1 thì : Trực tiếp Gián tiếp +Hiện tại đơn +Hiện tại tiếp diễn +Quá khứ đơn +Hiện tại hoàn thành +Quá khứ tiếp diễn +Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn +Tơng lai thờng: Will/ shall +Tơng lai hoàn thành +Qúa khứ hoàn thành +Các câu điều kiện >Quá khứ đơn >Quá khứ tiếp diễn >Quá khứ hoàn thành >Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn >Tơng lai trong quá khứ : Would/ should >would/ could + have + V-pII… > không đổi > không đổi 2 Đổi tõ chỉ thời gian, nơi chèn: Trực tiếp Gián tiếp This These Here Now Ago Today Tonight Tomorrow Yesterday Last night/ week/ month/ year Next week/ month/ year That Those There Then/ at one/ immediately Before That day That night The next/ following day The day before/ the previous day The night/ week/ month/ year before hoặc the previous night…

The following week/ month/ year

3.Thay đổi Đại từ