Luận án tiến sĩ Công nghệ sinh học: Nghiên cứu tạo dung dịch keo bạc nano để phòng trừ bệnh rụng lá Corynespora trên cây cao su do nấm Corynespora Cassiicola

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KLӇXEӋQKUөQJOi&RU\QHVSRUDWUrQFk\FDRVXGRQҩPCorynespora cassiicola gây ra

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VLQKWUѭӣQJ FӫDQҩPC cassiicola, WӯÿyWuPELӋQSKiSSKzQJFKӕQJFK~QJ; KKҧRViWNKҧ QăQJ ӭF FKӃ QҩP C cassiicola FӫD YL NKXҭQ Bacillus subtilis và Bacillus thuringiensis; KKҧR ViW NKҧ QăQJ WәQJ KӧS EҥF QDQR Wӯ GӏFK QӝL EjR YL NKXҭQ B subtilis; CKӃWҥRGXQJGӏFK keo EҥFQDQR - FKLWRVDQEҵQJSKѭѫQJSKiSFKLӃX[ҥKKҧRViWKLӋXOӵFӭFFKӃQҩP C cassiicola FӫDGXQJGӏFK keo EҥFQDQR WURQJÿLӅXNLӋQin vitro; KKҧRViWNKҧQăQJSKzQJYjWUӏEӋQKUөQJOi&RU\QHVSRUDtrên cây cao su trong

YѭӡQѭѫP EҵQg GXQJGӏFK keo EҥFQDQR - chitosan YӟLNtFKWKѭӟFKҥWEҥFnano 10 nm .ӃWTXҧÿҥW ÿѭӧFQKѭVDX

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KӧSWӯGӏFKQӝLEjRYLNKXҭQB subtilis ӣQӗQJÿӝ90SSPÿҥW66,30 %, GXQJGӏFK keo

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B subtilis YӟLNtFKWKѭӟFKҥWEҥFnano trung bình 7 nm (ÿҥW66,30 %)

Trong ÿLӅXNLӋQWURQJYѭӡQѭѫP, GXQJGӏFK keo EҥFQDQR - chitosan YӟL kíFKWKѭӟFKҥWtrung bình 10 nm Fy KLӋX OӵF SKzQJ EӋQK WӕW QKҩW ӣ QӗQJ ÿӝ SSP YӟL tӍ OӋ Oi EӏQKLӉP EӋQK Oj VDX QJj\FKӫQJ EӋQK và Fy KLӋXOӵF WUӏEӋQK WӕW QKҩWWҥLQӗQJÿӝSSPYӟLWӍ OӋOiFk\FDRVXEӏQKLӉPEӋQKJLҧPWӯ,00 [XӕQJFzQ6,67 %; Fk\FDRVXEӏQKLӉPEӋQKJLҧPWӯ,00 [XӕQJFzQvàFKӍVӕEӋQKJLҧPWӯ 22,13 % [XӕQJFzQ15,03 % sau 28 ngày [ӱOêGXQJGӏch

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ABSTRACT

The thesis title: ³6WXG\ RQ V\QWKHVLV RI VLOYHU QDQRSDUWLFOHV VROXWLRQ IRU FRQWUROOLQJ

Corynespora leaf fall disease on rubber trees causing by Corynespora cassiicola´was

carried out at the Department of Biotechnology, Dong Nai Biotechnology Application Center and Biotechnology Center of Ho Chi Minh City from September 2011 to January 2018 The objective of the thesis is studying Corynespora leaf fall disease on

rubber trees causing by Corynespora cassiicola and finding a method to create a

product to defence and eliminate Corynespora leaf fall disease effectively in the laboratory and on rubber trees in nurseries

The contents of this research including: Isolation and investigation of a number of

factors affecting the growth of C cassiicola, thereby finding ways to prevent them; Investigating the ability of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis to inhibit C cassiicola; Investigation of the ability to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles from B subtilis intracellular fluid; Synthesis silver nanoparticles/chitosan by gamma ray irradiation method; Investigating the effective inhibition of C cassiicola of silver nanoparticles solution in in vitro conditions; Survey of the ability to prevent and treat

Corynespora leaf fall disease on rubber trees in nurseries with silver nanoparticles/chitosan with 10 nm silver nanoparticles size The results showed that:

C cassiicola was isolated and some growth characteristics of C cassiicola were

identified as development and the best spore growth on rubber leaf agar media at pH 6.5, temperature of 29 ° C

Four types of biological product against C cassiicola were created, including B

suspension with a bacterial density of 1.6 u 109 cells/ml; The silver nanoparticles

solution systhesized from B subtilis intracellular fluid had an average particle size

from 7 to 12 nm, with the stabilization being about 20 days; The silver nanoparticles/chitosan solution had an average particle size from 5 to 15 nm, with the stabilization being about 12 months

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In in vitro conditions, C cassiicola resistance of B subtilis and B thuringiensis were

45.67 % and 33.04 %, respectively The antifungal effect of silver nanoparticles

solution systhesized from B subtilis intracellular fluid was 66.30 % at 90 ppm The

antifungal effect of silver nano particles/chitosan solution reached from 52.08 % to 100.00 % when silver nanoparticle size decreased from 15 to 5 nm, at a concentration of 50 ppm At the 90 ppm of concentration, the antifungal effect of silver nanoparticles/chitosan solution with an average particle size 10 nm (reached 100.00

%) was slightly higher than the silver nanoparticles solution systhesized from B subtilis intracellular fluid with an average particle size 7 nm (reached 66.30 %)

In in vivo conditions, the treatment of AgNPs /chitosan solution with an average

particle size 10 nm was the best preventative effect at a concentration of 2.5 ppm with

the infected leaves of 34.27 % after 28 days of C cassiicola infection (defence effect)

For the elimination effect, the treatment of AgNPs /chitosan solution at a concentration of 12.5 ppm was able to reduce from 50.00 % to 6.67 % of infected leaves; from 50,00 % to 6.75 % of infected trees and from 22.13 % to 15.03 % of infection index after 28 days of treatment

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&+ѬѪ1* TӘNG QUAN TÀI LIӊU 5

1.1 Tәng quan vӅ cây cao su 5

1.1.1 ĈһFÿLӇm sinh hӑc cӫa cây cao su 5

1.1.2 Tình hình phát triӇn cӫa cây cao su 5

1.1.3 Mӝt sӕ bӋnh hҥi cӫa cây cao su 6

1.2 Tәng quan vӅ bӋnh rөng lá Corynespora do nҩm Corynespora cassiicola gây ra trên cây cao su 7

1.2.1 6ѫOѭӧc vӅ bӋnh rөng lá Corynespora 7

1.2.2 ĈһFÿLӇm nhұn diӋn cӫa bӋnh rөng lá Corynespora 9

1.2.3 Mӝt sӕ nghiên cӭu vӅ bӋnh rөng lá Corynespora cӫa cây cao su 12

1.3 Tәng quan vӅ nҩm Corynespora cassiicola 14

1.3.1 ĈһFÿLӇm phân loҥi cӫa nҩm C cassiicola 14

1.3.2 Lӏch sӱ phát hiӋn nҩm C cassiicola 14

1.3.3 Hình thái hӑc YjÿһFÿLӇm sinh hӑc cӫa nҩm C cassiicola 15

1.4 Tәng quan vӅ công nghӋ nano 16

1.4.1 Khái niӋm vӅ khoa hӑc, công nghӋ và vұt liӋu nano 16

1.4.2 &ѫVӣ khoa hӑc cӫa công nghӋ nano 17

1.4.2.1Hi͏u ͱng b͉ m̿t 17

1.4.2.2.tFKWK˱ͣc tͣi h̩n 17

1.4.2.3Chuy͋n ti͇p tͳ tính ch̭t c͝ ÿL͋Qÿ͇n tính ch̭WO˱ͫng t͵ 17

1.4.3 &iFSKѭѫQJpháp chӃ tҥo vұt liӋu nano 17

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1.4.3.13K˱˯QJSKiSWͳ trên xu͙ng 17

1.4.3.23K˱˯QJSKiSWͳ G˱ͣi lên 18

1.4.4 Hҥt nano kim loҥLYjFiFSKѭѫQJSKiSFKӃ tҥo hҥt nano kim loҥi 18

1.4.4.1H̩t nano kim lo̩i 18

1.4.4.2Các SK˱˯QJSKiSFK͇ t̩o h̩t nano kim lo̩i 18

1.5.2 Tәng quan vӅ vi khuҭn Bacillus subtilis 25

1.5.2.1Ĉ̿FÿL͋m phân lo̩i h͕c cͯa vi khu̱n B subtilis 25

1.5.2.2Kh̫ QăQJNKiQJYLVLQKY̵t cͯDYLNKX̱Q%subtilis 26

1.5.3 Tәng quan vӅ vi khuҭn Bacillus thuringiensis 27

1.5.3.1Ĉ̿FÿL͋m phân lo̩i h͕c cͯa vi khu̱n B thuringiensis 27

1.5.3.2Kh̫ QăQJNKiQJYLVLQKY̵t cͯa vi khu̱n B thuringiensis 28

1.5.4 Mӝt sӕ nghiên cӭX WURQJ Yj QJRjL Qѭӟc vӅ tәng hӧp bҥF QDQR QKӡ YLkhuҭn 28

1.6 ChӃ tҥRGXQJGӏFKNHREҥc nano bҵQJSKѭѫQJpháp chiӃu xҥ 30

1.6.1 Giӟi thiӋu vӅ công nghӋ bӭc xҥ 30

1.6.2 ChӃ tҥo bҥc nano bҵng SKѭѫQJSKiSFKLӃu xҥ 30

1.6.3 9DLWUzFӫDFKҩt әQÿӏnh trong dung dӏch keo bҥc nano 32

1.6.4 Mӝt sӕ nghiên cӭu vӅ tính ӭc chӃ nҩm cӫa dung dӏch keo bҥFQDQRÿѭӧFchӃ tҥo bҵQJSKѭѫQJSKiSFKLӃu xҥ 34

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C cassiicola 38

VLQK WU˱ͧng cͯa ṋm C cassiicola và s͹ hình thành bào t͵ FͯD Q̭m C cassiicola 39

2.2.3 Khҧo sát mӝt sӕ yӃu tӕ ҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQTXiWUuQKWәQJKӧSEҥFQDQRQKӡYL

khuҭn Bacillus subtilis 42

vi khu̱n B subtilis 42

n͡i bào vi khu̱n B subtilis 43

d͓ch n͡LEjRYLNKX̱Q%VXEWLOLV 43

EjRYLNKX̱Q%VXEWLOLVWKHRWKͥLJLDQ 44

2.2.4 ChӃ tҥo dung dӏch keo bҥc nano-chitosan bҵQJSKѭѫQJSKiSFKLӃu xҥ 44

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VXWURQJY˱ͥQ˱˯PFͯa dung d͓ch keo b̩c nano - chitosan 49

2.2.6.2Kh̫o sát kh̫ QăQJ WU͓ b͏nh rͭng lá Corynespora cͯa cây cao su WURQJY˱ͥQ˱˯PFͯa dung d͓ch keo b̩c nano - chitosan 51

2.3 3KѭѫQJSKiS[ӱ lý sӕ liӋu 52

2.4 1ѫLWKӵFKLӋQWKtQJKLӋP 53

&+ѬѪ1* KӂT QUҦ VÀ THҦO LUҰN 54

3.1 Phân lұp và khҧo sát mӝt sӕ \ӃX Wӕ ҧQK KѭӣQJ ÿӃn sӵ VLQK WUѭӣQJ Fӫa nҩm C cassiicola gây bӋnh rөng lá Corynespora trên cây cao su 54

3.1.1 7KX PүX Oi Fk\ FDR VX Eӏ EӋQK UөQJ Oi &RU\QHVSRUD SKkQ Oұp nҩm C cassiicola 54

3.1.2 ҦQK Kѭӣng cӫa các môi WUѭӡng nuôi cҩ\ NKiF QKDX OrQ Vӵ VLQK WUѭӣng và hình thành bào tӱFӫDQҩm C cassiicola 57

3.1.3 ҦQKKѭӣng cӫa nhiӋt ÿӝOrQVӵVLQKWUѭӣQJFӫDQҩm C cassiicola 60

3.1.4 ҦQK Kѭӣng cӫD S+ P{L WUѭӡQJ QX{L Fҩ\ OrQ Vӵ VLQK WUѭӣQJ FӫD Qҩm C cassiicola 63

3.2 Khҧo sát khҧ QăQJ ӭc chӃ nҩm C cassiicola cӫa vi khuҭn B subtilis và B thuringiensis 65

3.3 Mӝt sӕ yӃu tӕ ҧQKKѭӣng tӟLTXiWUuQKWәQJKӧSEҥc nano tӯ dӏch nӝi bào vi khuҭn B subtilis 67

3.3.1 4Xi WUuQK WәQJ KӧS bҥc nano tӯ dӏch nӝi bào và xác tӃ bào vi khuҭn B subtilis 67

3.3.2 ҦQKKѭӣng cӫDS+ÿӃQTXi WUuQK WәQJ KӧS Eҥc nano tӯ dӏch nӝi bào vi khuҭn B subtilis 69

3.3.3 ҦQKKѭӣng cӫa nhiӋWÿӝ ÿӃQTXiWUuQKWәQJKӧSEҥFQDQRWӯ dӏch nӝi bào vi khuҭn B subtilis 72

3.3.4 Thӡi gian әQÿӏnh cӫa dung dӏch keo bҥFQDQRÿѭӧFWәQJKӧSWӯGӏFKQӝLEjRYLNKXҭQB subtilis 76

3.4 ChӃ tҥoGXQJGӏFKNHREҥc nano - chitosan bҵQJSKѭѫQJSKiSFKLӃu xҥ 77

3.4.1 LiӅu xҥ bão hòa cӫa dung dӏch bҥc có nӗQJÿӝ bҥc nitrate khác nhau 77

3.4.2 ҦQKKѭӣng cӫa nӗQJÿӝ FKLWRVDQOrQNtFKWKѭӟc hҥt bҥc nano 81

3.4.3 ҦQKKѭӣng cӫa khӕLOѭӧng phân tӱ 0Z FKLWRVDQOrQNtFKWKѭӟc hҥt EҥFnano 82

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3.5.3 +LӋXOӵFӭc chӃQҩPC cassiicolaFӫDGXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQR -FKLWRVDQYӟLYӟLFiFQӗQJÿӝEҥFQDQRNKiFQKDX 91

3.5.4 So sánh hiӋu lӵc ӭc chӃ nҩm C cassiicola cӫa dung dӏch keo bҥc nano ÿѭӧc tәng hӧp tӯ dӏch nӝi bào vi khuҭn B subtilis vӟi dung dӏch keo bҥc nano- chitosan 94

3.5.5 ҦQK KѭӣQJFӫD QӗQJ ÿӝYj NtFKWKѭӟF KҥW EҥF QDQR FӫD GXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQR-FKLWRVDQÿӃQKuQKWKiLVӧLQҩPCorynespora cassicola 98

3.6 HiӋu lӵF SKzQJ EӋQK Yj WUӏ EӋQK Uөng lá Corynespora cӫa cây cao su trong YѭӡQѭѫPFӫa dung dӏch keo bҥc nano - chitosan 100

3.6.1 HiӋu lӵFSKzQJEӋQK rөng lá Corynespora cӫDFk\FDRVXWURQJYѭӡQ ѭѫPcӫDGXQJGӏFKNHREҥc nano - chitosan 100

3.6.2 HiӋu lӵFWUӏEӋQKrөng lá Corynespora cӫDFk\FDRVXWURQJYѭӡQѭѫP cӫDGXQJGӏFKNHREҥc nano - chitosan 106

&+ѬѪ1* KӂT LUҰN VÀ KIӂN NGHӎ 118

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+uQK&ѫFKӃGLӋWQҩPFӫDEҥFQDQRWK{QJTXDWiFÿӝQJFӫDFiFJӕFR[\KyDWӵ do 526 ÿӃQW\WKӇYj'1$>@ 22

+uQK6ѫÿӗTX\WUuQKWәQJKӧSEҥF nanoWӯGӏFKQӝLEjRYLNKXҭQB subtilis 43

+uQK 6ѫ ÿӗ TXi WUuQK FKӃ WҥR GXQJ GӏFK NHR EҥF QDQR - FKLWRVDQ EҵQJ SKѭѫQJ SKiSFKLӃX[ҥ 44

+uQK%jRWӱFӫDQҩPC cassiicola VDXQJj\QX{LFҩ\ YұWNtQK[ 55

+uQK ӃW TXҧ VR ViQK YӟL FiF WUuQK Wӵ Fy WURQJ QJkQ KjQJ JHQ EҵQJ F{QJ FөBLAST 56

+uQK7ӕFÿӝSKiWWULӇQFӫDKӋVӧLQҩPC cassiicola WUrQFiFP{LWUѭӡQJ 58

+uQK 6ӵ JLD WăQJ ÿѭӡQJ NtQK FӫD WҧQ QҩP C cassiicola WKHR WKӡL JLDQ WUrQ P{L WUѭӡQJ3'$WKҥFKPDOWYjWKҥFKOiFDRVX 58

Trang 15

+uQK6ӵJLDWăQJÿѭӡQJNtQKFӫDWҧQQҩPC cassiicola WKHRWKӡLJLDQӣFiF pH

VDXTXiWUuQKWәQJKӧSEҥFQDQR 68+uQK0jXVҳFFӫDGXQJGӏFKQӝLEjRYj[iFWӃEjRYLNKXҭQWUѭӟFYjVDXNKL WәQJKӧSEҥFQDQR 69+uQK4XDQJSKәKҩSWKөFӫDGXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQRÿѭӧFWәQJKӧSWӯGӏFK QӝL

EjRYLNKXҭQB subtilis ӣFiFS+NKiFQKDX 70

+uQK 'XQJ GӏFK NHR EҥF QDQR ÿѭӧF WәQJ KӧS Wӯ GӏFK QӝL EjR YL NKXҭQ

B subtilis ӣFiFS+NKiFQKDX 70

+uQK6ӵSKkQEӕNtFKWKѭӟFFӫDFiFKҥWEҥFQDQRWURQJGXQJGӏFKNHRQDQR EҥF

ÿѭӧFWәQJKӧSWӯGӏFKQӝLEjRYLNKXҭQB subtilis ӣFiFS+NKiFQKDX 72

+uQK4XDQJSKәKҩSWKөFӫDGXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQRÿѭӧFWәQJKӧSWӯGӏFK QӝL

EjRYLNKXҭQB subtilis ӣFiFQKLӋWÿӝNKác nhau 73

+uQK 'XQJ GӏFK NHR EҥF QDQR ÿѭӧF WәQJ KӧS Wӯ GӏFK QӝL EjR YL NKXҭQ

Trang 16

xiv

+uQK ҦQK 7(0 FӫD FiF PүX GXQJ GӏFK NHR EҥF QDQR - chitosan P0 EҥF QLWUDWHYӟLQӗQJÿӝFKLWRVDQNKiFQKDXVDXNKLFKLӃX[ҥ 82+uQK ҦQK 7(0 FӫD PүX GXQJ GӏFK NHR EҥF QDQR - FKLWRVDQ JӗP P0 EҥF nitrate,FKLWRVDQFyNKӕLOѭӧQJSKkQWӱNKiFQKDXVDXNKLFKLӃX[ҥ 83+uQK ҦQK 7(0 FӫD GXQJ GӏFK NHR EҥF QDQR - chitosan ÿѭӧF әQ ÿӏQK EҵQJ

FKLWRVDQFyÿӝ GHDFHW\OKyD khác nhau 85

+uQK4XDQJ SKәKҩSWKөFӫDGXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQR - FKLWRVDQWKHRWKӡLJLDQOѭXWUӳ 86

+uQK6ӵWăQJWUѭӣQJFӫDWҧQQҩP C cassiicolaNKLEәVXQJGXQJGӏFKNHREҥF QDQR ÿѭӧF WәQJ KӧS Wӯ GӏFK QӝL EjR YL NKXҭQ B subtilis ӣ FiF QӗQJ ÿӝ NKiF QKDX

VDXQJj\QX{LFҩ\ 88

+uQK7ҧQQҩPC cassiicolaNKLEәVXQJGXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQRÿѭӧFWәQJ KӧSWӯ GӏFK QӝL EjR YL NKXҭQ B subtilis ӣ FiF QӗQJ ÿӝ NKiF QKDX VDX QJj\ QX{L

+uQK Ҧnh SEM cӫa hӋ sӧi nҩm C cassiicola sau khi phun dung dӏch keo bҥc

nano - chitosan vӟi nӗQJÿӝ YjNtFKWKѭӟc hҥt bҥFWUXQJEuQKNKiFQKDX««««

+uQK%LӇXKLӋQGRQҩPC cassiicolaJk\UDWUrQOiFӫDFk\FDRVX 101

+uQK&k\FDRVXWURQJYѭӡQѭѫPÿѭӧF[ӱOêGXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQR(10 nm) ӣFiFQӗQJÿӝNKiFQKDXVDXQJj\FKӫQJEӋQK 105 +uQK3.429ӃWEӋQKWUѭӟFYjVDXNKL[ӱOêGXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQR- chitosan «« +uQK3.43 &k\FDRVXWURQJYѭӡQѭѫPVDXQJj\[ӱOêEҵQJGXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQR-FKLWRVDQQP ӣFiFQӗQJÿӝNKiFQKDX ««««««««««««««

+uQK3.44 4X\WUuQKWҥRKX\ӅQSK B subtilis «««««««««««««« +uQK3.45 4X\WUuQKWҥRKX\ӅQSK B thuringiensis ««««««««««««

+uQK 4X\ WUuQK WҥR GXQJ GӏFK NHR EҥF QDQR ÿѭӧF WәQJ KӧS Wӯ GӏFK QӝL EjR YL

NKXҭQB subtilis 115

+uQK 4X\ WUuQK FKӃ WҥR GXQJ GӏFK NHR EҥF QDQR - FKLWRVDQ EҵQJ SKѭѫQJ SKiS FKLӃX[ҥWLDJDPPD&R-«««««««««««««««««««««« 116

Trang 17

%ҧQJ.KҧQăQJӭFFKӃ QҩPC cassiicola FӫDGXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQRÿѭӧFWәQJ KӧSWӯGӏFKQӝLEjRYLNKXҭQ B subtilisӣFiFQӗQJÿӝNKiFQKDXVDX QJj\QX{L

Trang 18

EPA Environmental Protection Agency - &ѫTXDQEҧRYӋP{LWUѭӡQJ+RD.Ǥ

FDA Food and Drug Administration - &ѫTXDQ4XҧQOê7KӵFSKҭPYj7KXӕF+RD.Ǥ

Mw Molecular weight - KӕLOѭӧQJSKkQWӱ

NSC 1Jj\VDXFҩ\

SEM Scanning electron microscope - tQKKLӇQYLÿLӋQWӱTXpW

SIAA 6RFLHW\RI,QGXVWULDOWHFKQRORJ\IRU$QWLPLFURELDO$UWLFOHV-+LӋSKӝLNӻWKXұWF{QJQJKLӋSYӅWKXӕFFKӕQJYLNKXҭQ1KұW%ҧQ

TEM Transmission electron microscopy - tQKKLӇQYLÿLӋQWӱWUX\ӅQTXD

TSA Trypto - casein soy agar

TSB Trypto - casein soy broth

UV-Vis Ultraviolet-visible - 3KәWӱQJRҥLYjNKҧNLӃQ

w/v KӕLOѭӧQJWKӇtích

w/w KӕLOѭӧQJNKӕLOѭӧQJ

Trang 19

1

MӢ ĈҪU

ĈһWYҩQÿӅ

Cây cao su (Hevea brasiliensis) Oj Fk\ F{QJ QJKLӋS GjL QJj\ Fy JLi WUӏ NLQK WӃ FDR,

FXQJ FҩS Pӫ Yj Jӛ FKR QKLӅX QJjQK F{QJ QJKLӋS 7URQJ QKӳQJ QăP JҫQ ÿk\ VҧQOѭӧQJ Pӫ NK{QJ QJӯQJ ÿѭӧF QkQJ FDR QKӡ QKӳQJ FҧL WLӃQ YӅ JLӕQJ Nӻ WKXұW Q{Qg QJKLӋSTX\WUuQKNKDLWKiF«7tQKVѫEӝQăP2017GLӋQWtFKFDRVXFҧQѭӟFÿҥWJҫQ971.600 KDYӟLVҧQOѭӧQJ1.086.700 WҩQ Toàn ngành cao su [XҩWNKҭX1.380.257 WҩQ, ÿҥW NLP QJҥFK [XҩW NKҭX KѫQ 2,2 Wӹ 86', Oj PӝW WURQJ QKӳQJ PһW KjQJ [XҩW NKҭXFKtQKFӫD9LӋW1DP[1]

ĈӇÿiSӭQJQKXFҫXNLQKWӃFiFGzQJFDRVXÿѭӧFOӵDFKӑQWKHRKѭӟQJVLQKWUѭӣQJPҥQK &QJYӟLVӵVLQKWUѭӣQJ PҥQKFӫDFk\FDRVXWKuQKӳQJWKLӋWKҥLGREӋQKJk\UDFǊQJJLDWăQJ0һWNKiFWuQKKuQKWKӡLWLӃW- NKtKұXFyQKLӅXWKD\ÿәLYjGLӉQELӃQSKӭFWҥSYLӋFSKiWWULӇQYjFKX\rQFDQKFk\WUӗQJWUrQGLӋQUӝQJWURQJYQJNKtKұXQyQJҭPPѭDQKLӅX ÿmGүQÿӃQVӵSKiWVLQK- SKiWWULӇQPҥQKFҧYӅFKӫQJORҥLFǊQJQKѭPӭFÿӝEӋQKJk\ҧQKKѭӣQJNK{QJQKӓÿӃQYҩQÿӅFDQKWiFYjKLӋXTXҧNLQKWӃOjPJLҧP VҧQOѭӧQJYjJLDWăQJFKLSKtVҧQ[XҩW+LӋQQD\cây FDRVXÿѭӧFSKiWWULӇQPҥQKGѭӟLGҥQJWLӇXÿLӅQQrQWKLӋWKҥLGREӋQKJk\UDÿmҧQKKѭӣQJWUӵFWLӃSÿӃQÿӡLVӕQJFӫDQKӳQJQJѭӡLWUӗQJFDRVX

%ӋQKUөQJOi&RU\QHVSRUDGRQҩPCorynespora cassiicola (Berk & Curt.) Wei gây ra

ÿmJk\WKLӋWKҥLUҩWQJKLrPWUӑQJÿӕLYӟLQJjQKFDRVXNK{QJFKӍӣ9LӋW1DPPjFzQӣQKLӅX TXӕF JLD OmQK WKә WUrQ WKӃ JLӟL Ӣ 9LӋW 1DP EӋQK UөQJ Oi &RU\QHVSRUD [XҩWKLӋQWӯQăPÿӃQQăPEӋQKÿmEQJSKiWPҥQKWKjQKGӏFKYjQJj\FjQJWUӣQrQQJKLrPWUӑQJNKRҧQJKDFDRVXWUrQÿӏDEjQWӍQKEӏQKLӉPEӋQK7ính ÿӃQQăPWuQKKuQKGӏFKEӋQKGLӉQELӃQFӵFNǤSKӭFWҥSJLDWăQJYӅFҧGLӋQWtFKQKLӉPYjPӭFÿӝJk\KҥL

9ӟLKLӋQWUҥQJGӏFKEӋQKEQJSKiWWKuWKXӕFKRiKӑFWUѭӟFPҳWYүQJLӳYDLWUzFKӫOӵFtrong công tác WUӏ EӋQK &ǊQJ QKѭ QKLӅX ORҥL KRi FKҩW NKiF WKXӕF WUӯ QҩP

Trang 20

2

C cassiicola gây EӋQK UөQJ Oi Corynespora Fy WKӇ JLiQ WLӃS OjP KҥL VӭF NKӓH FRQ

QJѭӡLOjPӕLÿHGӑDFKRFiFKӋVLQKWKiL, ÿӗQJWKӡLOjPJLҧPFKҩWOѭӧQJVҧQSKҭP *ҫQ ÿk\ F{QJ QJKӋ QDQR SKiW WULӇQ Yj ÿѭӧF ÿӏQK KѭӟQJ WURQJ YLӋF QkQJ FDR FKҩWOѭӧQJ Yj QăQJ VXҩW Fk\ WUӗQJ WURQJ ÿy EҥF QDQR ÿѭӧF WәQJ KӧS EҵQJ SKѭѫQJ SKiS VLQKKӑFYjSKѭѫQJSKiSFKLӃX[ҥÿѭӧFFRLOjPӝWVҧQSKҭm an toàn, JySSKҫQWURQJF{QJWiFSKzQJYjWUӏEӋQKWUrQFk\WUӗQJ

7ӯ FiFYҩQÿӅ QrXWUrQÿӅWjL³1JKLrQFӭXWҥRGXQJGӏFKNHREҥFQDQRÿӇSKzQJWUӯ

EӋQKUөQJOi&RU\QHVSRUDWUrQFk\FDRVXGRQҩPCorynespora cassiicola´ ÿѭӧFWKӵF

KLӋQ

MөFWLrXÿӅWjL

Tìm hiӇu bӋnh rөng lá Corynespora trên cây cao su do nҩm Corynespora cassiicola

Jk\UDYjWuPSKѭѫQJSKiSWҥo chӃ phҭm phòng trӯ bӋnh rөng lá Corynespora có hiӋu quҧ trong phòng thí nghiӋPYjWUrQFk\FDRVXWURQJYѭӡQѭѫP

ĈӕLWѭӧQJQJKLrQFӭX

1ҩP C cassiicola ÿѭӧFSKkQOұSWӯOiFӫDcây cao su EӏEӋQK&RU\QHVSRUDWUӗQJWҥL

ĈӗQJ Nai

1ӝLGXQJQJKLrQFӭX

- Phân lұp và khҧo sát mӝt sӕ \ӃX Wӕ ҧQK KѭӣQJ OrQ Vӵ VLQK WUѭӣQJ cӫa nҩm

C cassiicola gây bӋnh rөng lá Corynespora trên cây cao su, tӯ ÿyÿһt kӃ hoҥch tҥo

Trang 21

3

- Khҧo sát khҧ QăQJ phòng và trӏ bӋnh rөng lá Corynespora do nҩm C cassiicola

gây ra trên cây cao su 9 tháng tuәi WURQJYѭӡQѭѫPcӫa dung dӏch keo bҥc nano - chitosanFyNtFKWKѭӟFKҥWEҥF10 nm

nano - chitosan

éQJKƭDWKӵFWLӉQ

/XұQiQJySSKҫQWuPUDJLҧLSKiSSKzQJYjWUӏEӋQKUөQJOi&RU\QHVSRUDGRQҩPC cassiicola gây ra trên cây cao su %ѭӟF ÿҫX WKjQK F{QJ WUrQ Fk\ FDR VX 9 WKiQJ WXәL

WURQJYѭӡQѭѫP

9LӋFӭQJGөQJEҥFQDQRÿӇSKzQJYjWUӏEӋQKUөQJOi&RU\QHVSRUDFӫD cây cao su là PӝWSKѭѫQJSKiSPӟLFyKLӋXTXҧÿiSӭQJPӝWVӕYҩQÿӅVDX

- Áp dөng công nghӋ cao phөc vө sҧn xuҩt nông nghiӋp

- 9LӋFJLҧP sӱ dөng các loҥi thuӕc bҧo vӋ thӵc vұt hóa hӑc sӁ JySSKҫQbҧo vӋ sӭc khӓe cӫa nông dân

Trang 22

4

4 ChӭQJPLQKÿѭӧc hiӋu quҧ cӫa dung dӏch keo bҥc nano - chitosan chӃ tҥRÿѭӧFÿӕi vӟi bӋnh rөQJOi&RU\QHVSRUDWUrQFk\FDRVXWURQJYѭӡQѭѫP

Trang 23

5

1.1 Tәng quan vӅ cây cao su

1.1.1 Ĉ̿c ÿL͋m sinh h͕c cͯa cây cao su

&k\FDRVXFyWrQNKRDKӑFOjHevea brasiliensis Müller Arg tKXӝFKӑEuphorbiaceae

Kӑ7KҫXGҫX FyEӝQKLӉPVҳFWKӇOѭӥQJEӝLQ FyJLiWUӏ NLQKWӃOӟQQKҩWWURQJ

chi Hevea GRFyNKҧQăQJtLӃWUDFKҩWGӏFKOӓQJ PӫFDRVX OjQJXӗQFKӫOӵFWURQJVҧQ

[XҩWFDRVXWӵQKLrQ, FKLӃPNKRҧQJWӯ- 97 OѭӧQJFDRVXWKLrQQKLrQWUrQWKӃJLӟi [2] Cây cao su KRDQJ GҥL ÿѭӧF WuP WKҩ\ WҥL YQJ FKkX WKә $PD]RQ 1DP 0ӻ UӝQJOӟQ EDR JӗP FiF QѭӟF %ROLYLD %UD]LO &RORPELD 3HUX (FXDGRU 9HQH]XHOD 1JRjLYQJEҧQÿӏDWUrQQJѭӡLWDNK{QJWuPWKҩ\Fk\FDRVXWURQJWӵQKLrQӣQѫLQjRNKiFWUrQWKӃJLӟL&k\WKkQJӛOӟQWKkQWKҷng FDRWUrQPWiQOiUӝQJFk\VӁQJӯQJVҧQ[XҩWPӫNKLÿҥWNKRҧQJ- QăPWXәLYà FyWKӇVӕQJWUrQQăP9ӅSKѭѫQJGLӋQWKӵFYұWKӑFFk\FyKRDÿѫQWtQKÿӗQJFKXYӟLKRDFiLFyWkPEuGtQKQKDXWҥRWKjQK1 EҫXQRmQFy3 QJăQPӛLQJăQFKӭD1 nRmQNKLFKtQTXҧNK{WӵÿӝQJQӭWÿӇWXQJKҥWra ngoài; OiNpSJӗP3 OiFKpWFyKLӋQWѭӧQJUөQJOiTXDÿ{QJcây FDRVXYӯDFyUӉFӑFYӯDFyUӉEjQJUӉFӑFFҳPVkXYjRÿҩWFKӕQJÿәQJmYjK~WQѭӟFGLQKGѭӥQJWӯWҫQJÿҩWVkX+ӋWKӕQJUӉ EjQJSKiWWULӇQUҩWUӝQJYjSKҫQOӟQWұSWUXQJӣWҫQJFDQKWiFQKLӋPYөFKӫ\ӃXOjK~WQѭӟFYjGLQKGѭӥQJ[3]

0ӫFDRVXFyWtQKÿjQKӗLYjWtQKEӅQ1ăPQKjEiFKӑFQJѭӡL3KiS%RXFKDUGDWÿm FKӭQJ PLQKFDR VXWKLrQQKLrQOj PӝWKӛQKӧS polymer isoprene (C5H8)nQKӳQJpolymer Qj\ Fy PҥFK carbon UҩW GjL YӟL QKӳQJ QKiQK QJDQJ WiF GөQJ QKѭ FiL PyF&iFPҥFKÿy[RҳQOүQQKDXPyFYjRQKDXEҵQJQKӳQJQKiQKQJDQJQrQNKLNpRGmQPҥFKFDUERQQj\NK{QJÿӭWPjFy[XKѭӟQJWUӣYӅWUҥQJWKiLFǊGRÿyVLQKUDWtQKÿjQKӗL [2]

1.1.2 Tình hình phát tri͋n cͯa cây cao su

Cây cao su (Hevea brasiliensis ÿѭӧFGXQKұSYjRCKkXÈWӯQăPYjWUӗQJJҫQ

WULӋXKDӣQKLӅXQѭӟFFKӫ\ӃXӣFiFYQJQKLӋWÿӟLQKѭPӝWFk\WUӗQJÿӝFFDQKYjQyÿmYjÿDQJÿyQJJySQKLӅXFKRQӅQNLQKWӃFǊQJQKѭP{LWUѭӡQJYj[mKӝLQKҩWOjFiFQѭӟFĈ{QJ1DPÈ6ҧQOѭӧQJFDRVXWRjQWKӃJLӟLYjRNKRҧQJWULӋXWҩQYjWLӃS

Trang 24

6

WөFJLDWăQJKjQJQăP3KҫQOӟQGLӋQWtFKFDRVXWUrQWKӃJLӟLWKXӝFWѭQKkQTXҧQOêFKLӃPWUrQ VӵWKLӋWKҥLGREӋQKF{QWUQJYjFӓGҥLNK{QJQKӳQJWUӵFWLӃSlàm WăQJ JLi WKjQK VҧQ [XҩW Pj FzQ JLiQ WLӃS ҧQK KѭӣQJ WӟL ÿӡL VӕQJ FӫD QJѭӡL WUӗQJ cao su

9jRÿҫXWKӃNӹXXQKLӅXQJѭӡLFKRUҵQJ³ck\FDRVXNK{QJEӏPӝWORҥLEӋQKYjF{QWUQJQjRÿHGӑD´7X\QKLrQVDXWKӡLJLDQFDQKWiFFQJYӟLYLӋFWUӗQJWұSWUXQJWUrQGLӋQWtFKOӟQWURQJYQJ có ҭPÿӝ YjQKLӋWÿӝFDRFiFORҥLEӋQKYjF{QWUQJGҫQ[XҩWKLӋQYjJk\WKLӋWKҥLNK{QJQKӓTrong QKӳQJWKұSQLrQTXD, VҧQOѭӧQJFDRVXNK{QJQJӯQJÿѭӧFnâng lên TXDQKӳQJWLӃQEӝWURQJF{QJWiFFҧLWLӃQJLӕQJNӻWKXұWQ{QJQJKLӋSQKѭQJWKLӋWKҥLGREӋQKFǊQJJLDWăQJÿiQJNӇGRF{QJWiFWX\ӇQFKӑQYjWҥRJLӕQJWKѭӡQJFK~WUӑQJYjRFKӍWLrXVLQKWUѭӣQJYjVҧQOѭӧQJ

7әQJGLӋQWtFKFDRVXFҧQѭӟFQăP10 là 748.700 ha; QăP2011 là 801.600 KDQăPOjKDQăPOjKDQăPOj978.900 KDQăPOj985.627 KDQăPOj973.506 ha và QăP là 971.600 ha [1]

9ӟL GLӋQ WtFK JLHR WUӗQJ ÿy VҧQ OѭӧQJ FDR VX ÿm WăQJ Wӯ WҩQ QăP OrQPӭFWҩQYjRQăPYjQkQJWәQJVҧQOѭӧQJFDRVX9LӋW1DPOrQ[ӃSWKӭ

3 trên WKӃJLӟLVDX7KiL/DQYj,QGRQHVLD

1.1.3 M͡t s͙ b͏nh h̩i cͯa cây cao su

7KHRѭӟFWtQKFӫDFiFFѫTXDQ WKӕQJNrTXӕFWӃVkXEӋQKYj FӓGҥLÿmOjPPҩW % VҧQOѭӧQJFDRVXWKLrQQKLrQWUrQWKӃJLӟLWURQJÿyFiFORҥLEӋQKOjPPҩW %, sâu OjPPҩW YjFӓGҥLOjPPҩW VҧQOѭӧQJ0ӝWVӕORҥLEӋQKJk\KҥLWUrQFk\FDR

su: EӋQKUөQJOi&RU\QHVSRUDGRQҩPC cassiicola, EӋQKSKҩQWUҳng GRQҩPOidium heveae EӋQK KpR ÿHQ ÿҫX Oi GR QҩP Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc., bӋQK ÿӕP PҳW FKLP GR QҩP Drechslera heveae EӋQK ORpW VӑF PһW FҥR GR QҩPPhytophthora palmivora và Phytophthora botryosaEӋQKQҩPKӗQJGRQҩPCorticium salmonicolor

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7

1.2 Tәng quan vӅ bӋnh rөng lá Corynespora do nҩm Corynespora cassiicola gây

ra trên cây cao su

1.2.1 6˯O˱ͫc v͉ b͏nh rͭng lá Corynespora

%ӋQKUөQJOiCorynespora GRQҩPCorynespora cassiicola (Berk & Curt.) Wei gây ra

ÿmJk\WKLӋWKҥLUҩWQJKLrPWUӑQJÿӕLYӟLQJjQKFDRVXNK{QJFKӍӣ9LӋW1DPPjFzQӣ QKLӅXTXӕFJLDOmQKWKәWUrQWKӃJLӟL ĈӧWGӏFKEӋQKÿҫXWLrQEQJSKiWWUrQFk\FDRVXYjRQăPÿmJk\UҩWQKLӅXVӵFK~êFӫDFiFQKjNKRDKӑF &KRÿӃQQay, tính FKҩWFӫDEӋQKUөQJOiCorynespora QJj\FjQJQJKLrPWUӑQJTX\P{YjSKәNêFKӫQJj\

FjQJ Pӣ UӝQJ ĈӗQJ WKӡL, QҩP C cassiicola Fy NKҧ QăQJ ELӃQ ÿәL VLQK KyD UҩW OӟQ

%ӋQKOjPUөQJOiWUrQTX\P{OӟQÿmJk\ҧQKKѭӣQJQһQJÿӃQQăQJVXҩWPӫFӫDFk\cao su

BӋQKJk\WKLӋWKҥLQһQJQKҩWWҥL6UL/DQNDÿmSKҧLQKәEӓYjWUӗQJOҥLWUrQ.000 ha cao su, Jk\WәQWKҩWFKRFKtQKSKӫQѭӟFQj\WULӋX5SGjQKFKRYLӋFEӗLWKѭӡQJWKLӋWKҥLFKRQJѭӡLGkQVRQJVRQJÿy6UL/DQNDFǊQJSKҧLFKҩSQKұQGX\WUuQKӳQJGzQJY{WtQKFyNKҧQăQJNKiQJEӋQKFDRQKѭQJOҥLFKRVҧQOѭӧQJWKҩSYLӋFQj\FǊQJÿmOjPJLҧPÿiQJ NӇVҧQOѭӧQJFDRVXӣTXӕFJLDQj\ %ӋQKSKiWWiQFKӫ\ӃXӣFiFGzQJY{WtQK55,&55,&.56311QJD\VDXÿyOjFiFGzQJY{WtQKÿѭӧF FKtQK SKӫ WKD\ YjR ÿѭӧF FKR Oj Fy NKҧ QăQJ NKiQJ EӋQK WKu QD\ FǊQJ ÿm EӏQKLӉPEӋQKQKѭ55,0*7 RRIC 110, IAN 873, PB 235, PB 260, PB 28/59, RRII 105 [4]

7ҥL0DOD\VLDGӏFKEӋQKÿѭӧFJKLQKұQÿҫXWLrQӣFiFGzQJY{WtQK55,&Yj); 1ăP GӏFKEӋQKEQJSKiWPҥQKJk\WKLӋWKҥLOӟQÿӃQVҧQOѭӧQJYjGLӋQWtFKFiFrӯQJFDRVXFKӫ \ӃXWKXӝFFiFGzQJY{WtQK55,&.56Yj55,0+LӋQQD\GӏFKEӋQKÿѭӧFJKLQKұQWUrQWҩWFҧFiFYQJWUӗQJFDRVXWURQJFҧQѭӟFYӟLVӕOѭӧQJFiFGzQJY{WtQKEӏQKLӉPEӋQKQJj\FjQJWăQJQKѭ*71, RRIM 600, RRIM 701, RRIM 702, RRIM 703, RRIM 712, RRIM 725, RRIM 901, RRIM 2009, RRIM 2020, PR 261, IAN 873, PB 217 [5]

7ѭѫQJ Wӵ FiF QѭӟF Fy GLӋQ WtFK WUӗQJ FDR VX OӟQ QKѭ ҨQ Ĉӝ 7KiL /DQ ,QGRQHVLDNigeria, Cameroon, Brazil, « KjQJ QJjQ KD FDR VX WKXӝF QKLӅX GzQJ Y{ WtQK NKiF

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OiPjFKӫ\ӃXOjGRQҩPC cassiicola gây ra

7KHRVӕOLӋXWKӕQJNrFӫD&KLFөF%ҧRYӋWKӵFYұW4XҧQJ%uQKWuQKKuQKGӏFKEӋQK 6 WKiQJÿҫXQăPYүQWLӃSWөFÿѭӧFSKiWKLӋQWKrPKjQJWUăPKHFWDFDRVXFyELӇXKLӋQEӏQKLӉPEӋQKӣFiFKX\ӋQĈӗQJ3K~+ӟQ4XҧQ%*LD0ұS,

TҥL %j 5ӏD - 9ǊQJ 7jX WKHR EiR FiR WҥL HӝL QJKӏ ӻ WKXұW Q{QJ QJKLӋS QăP WәQJGLӋQWtFK cao su EӏQKLӉPEӋQKUөQJOiCorynespora là 92.KDJk\WKLӋWKҥLOӟQ ÿӃQVҧQOѭӧQJWUrQWRjQWӍQK

7tQKÿӃQQăP FQJYӟLTXiWUuQKELӃQÿәLNKtKұXWuQKKuQKGӏFKEӋQKUөQJOi

cao su do QҩPC cassiicola [XҩWKLӋQVӟPGLӉQELӃQFӵFNǤSKӭFWҥSJLDWăQJYӅFҧ

GLӋQWtFKQKLӉPYj PӭFÿӝJk\KҥL7ҥL4XҧQJ%uQK, WӍOӋEӋQKJLDRÿӝQJWӯ ± 31,2 % trong mùDPѭD [7] 7ҥL%uQK'ѭѫQJWuQKKuQKGӏFKEӋQKWUrQFk\ FDRVXFǊQJGLӉQELӃQSKӭFWҥSGLӋQWtFKQKLӉPVkXEӋQKOjKDWăQJKDVRYӟLFQJNǤFKӫ\ӃXOjEӋQKUөQJOi&RU\QHVSRUD

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9

1.2.2 Ĉ̿FÿL͋m nh̵n di͏n cͯa b͏nh rͭng lá Corynespora

1ҩPC cassiicola FyWKӇJk\UDWKLӋWKҥLWUrQQKLӅXEӝSKұQFӫDFk\FDRVXYjRPӑL

JLDLÿRҥQVLQKWUѭӣQJYjFyWKӇ[ҧ\UDTXDQKQăP1JRjLYLӋFJk\UөQJlá KjQJORҥWQҩP FzQ OjP JLҧP ÿiQJ NӇ VҧQ OѭӧQJ Yj FKҩW OѭӧQJ Pӫ FӫD QKӳQJ Fk\ ÿDQJ WKXKRҥFKĈһFELӋWOiFDRVXGѭӟLWXҫQWXәLOjJLDLÿRҥQPүQFҧPFKRQҩP[kPQKLӉP %ӋQKWKѭӡQJ[XҩWKLӋQJk\KҥLQһQJFKRGzQJFDRVXY{WtQK55,9ӣPӝWVӕYQJ, QKҩW Oj ÿҩW [iP ÿӏD KuQK WUǊQJ WKRiW QѭӟF NpP tW WK{QJ WKRiQJ &iF GzQJ Y{ WtQKQKLӉPEӋQKQKѭ55,&55,&Yj/+ 188, LH 372; gҫQÿk\Fydòng vô tính 55,9UҩWPүQFҧP&iF dòng vô tính khác nhau FyPӭFÿӝQKLӉPEӋQKNKiFQKDXWURQJÿyFy55,&55,955,95510*73%90 515, PB 260 QKLӉPEӋQKQKҽKѫQ [8]

&iFGҥQJSKәELӃQWUrQOiJӗPFyGҥQJ[ѭѫQJFiGҥQJÿӕPWUrQSKLӃQOi; trên gân lá SKөWUrQJkQOiFKtQK

7UrQFKӗLYjFXӕQJOiFiFFKӗL[DQKGӉQKLӉPEӋQKYӟLGҩXKLӋXÿҫXWLrQOjFyFiFYӃWQӭWGӑFWKHRFXӕQJYjFKӗLGҥQJKuQKWKRLPӫUӍUDVDXÿyKyDÿHQ9ӃWEӋQKFyWKӇSKiWWULӇQGjLÿӃQ FPJk\FKӃWFKӗLÿ{LNKLOjPFKӃWFҧFk\1ӃXGQJGDRFҳWEӓOӟSYӓQJRjLVӁ[XҩWKLӋQQKӳQJOӟSVӑFÿHQăQVkXWUrQJӛFKҥ\GӑFWKHRYӃWEӋQK7UrQFXӕQJOiFyFiFYӃWPjXÿHQGjLWӯWӟL mm Khi FXӕQJOiEӏEӋQK toàn bӝthì OiEӏUөQJNKLFzQ[DQKGNK{QJFyPӝWWULӋXFKӭQJQjR[XҩWKLӋQWUrQSKLӃQOi

Trang 28

D9ӃWEӋQKWUrQJkQOiSKө b 9ӃWEӋQK trên gân lá chính

+uQK1.2 &iFGҥQJWULӋXFKӭQJEӋQKCorynespora GRQҩPC cassiicola gây ra trên gân lá cây cao su [9]

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12

1.2.3 M͡t s͙ nghiên cͱu v͉ b͏nh rͭng lá Corynespora cͯa cây cao su

1JRjLFk\FDRVXQҩPFzQNêVLQKWUrQNKRҧQJ 16ORҥLFk\WUӗQJWKXӝFQKLӅXKӑNKiFQKDXYj[XҩWKLӋQӣQKLӅXYQJNKtKұXWӯQKLӋWÿӟLÿӃQ{QÿӟL1ҩPFyNKҧQăQJJk\KҥLWUrQWҩWFҧFiFEӝSKұQFӫDFk\WӯOiWӟLUӉQKѭQJFKѭDFyJKLQKұQQҩPWӯFk\FDRVXJk\KҥLFKRFk\NKiFYjQJѭӧFOҥL [10], [11]

C cassiicola ÿmÿѭӧFQJKLrQFӭXӣQKLӅXQѭӟFWUrQWKӃJLӟLGRC cassiicola FySKә

WuQKKuQKYjNKҧQăQJJk\KҥLFӫDC cassiicola ӣFiFNKXYӵFNKiFQKDXC cassiicola

trên các ký FKӫNKiFQKDXFǊQJÿmÿѭӧFQJKLrQFӭXYjVRViQKPӭFÿӝNKiFELӋWYӅGL

WUX\ӅQYjWuPKLӇXNKҧQăQJQKұQELӃWFiFGzQJC cassiicolaFǊQJQKѭPӭFÿӝYjNKҧQăQJJk\ÿӝFFӫDC cassiicola.ӃWTXҧFӫDQKӳQJQJKLrQFӭXQj\FKRWKҩ\WtQKÿӝFFӫD C cassiicola QJj\ FjQJ ÿD GҥQJ Yj UҩW ELӃQ WKLrQ NKҧ QăQJ Jk\ ÿӝF FӫD C cassiicola trên các dòng vô tính FDRVXNKiFQKDXW\WKHRJLDLÿRҥQVLQKWUѭӣQJ C cassiicola FyNKҧQăQJWәQJKӧSFiFHQ]\PHSKkQJLҧLSHFWLQYjHQ]\PHSKkQJLҧL

FHOOXORVHQJRjLFѫFKӃELӃQGѭӥQJÿӝFWӕ [12] )UHGHULFGH/DPRWWHYjFVQăPÿm

C cassiicola WLӃW UD Yj Jk\ UөQJ Oi WUrQ Fk\ FDR VX NӃW TXҧ QJKLrQ FӭX FKR WKҩ\

cassiicolin là 1 SHSWLGH JӗP DFLG DPLQ YӟL 1 acid pyroglutamic N-terminal và 6 F\VWHLQHOLrQTXDQÿӃQOLrQNӃWGLVXOILGH.KӕLOѭӧQJSKkQWӱFӫDQyÿѭӧFѭӟFWtQKOj28.851 Da [13]

2JEHERU