1. Trang chủ
  2. » Luận Văn - Báo Cáo

Luận văn thạc sĩ Quản lý xây dựng: Đánh giá các nguyên nhân gây lãng phí thời gian trong quá trình thi công hoàn thiện của dự án nhà cao tầng-Trường hợp tại Việt Nam

131 0 0
Tài liệu đã được kiểm tra trùng lặp

Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)

Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống

THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU

Nội dung

Trang 1

ĈҤ,+Ӑ&48Ӕ&*,$TP +Ӗ&+Ë0,1+

75ѬӠ1*ĈҤ,+Ӑ&%È&+.+2$ -

75Ҫ17+ӎ7+875$1*

ĈÈ1+*,È &È& 1*8<Ç11+Æ1*Æ</­1*3+Ë7+Ӡ,GIAN TRONG 48È75Î1+7+,&Ð1* +2¬17+,ӊ1&Ӫ$

'ӴÈ1 1+¬ &$27Ҫ1* ± 75ѬӠ1*+Ӧ37Ҥ,9,ӊ71$0

&KX\rQQJjQK 48Ҧ1/é;Æ<'Ӵ1* 0mQJjQK : 60.58.03.02

/8Ұ19Ă17+Ҥ&6Ƭ

TP HӖC+Ë MINHWKiQJ09 QăP2020

Trang 2

&{QJWUuQKÿѭӧFKRjQWKjQKWҥL7UѭӡQJĈҥL+ӑF%iFKKhoa - Ĉ+4*- HCM &iQEӝKѭӟQJGүQNKRDKӑF1: TS 3+Ҥ0+Ҧ,&+,ӂ1

&iQEӝKѭӟQJGүQNKRDKӑF2: 76ĈӚ7,ӂ16Ӻ &iQEӝFKҩPSKҧQELӋQ 1 :TS /Ç+2¬,/21*

&iQEӝFKҩPSKҧQELӋQ 2 :TS 1*8<ӈ1+2¬,1*+Ƭ$

/XұQYăQWKҥFVƭÿѭӧFEҧRYӋWҥLWUѭӡQJĈҥL+ӑF%iFK Khoa - ĈҥL+ӑF4XӕF*LDTP.+ӗ &Kt0LQKYjRQJjy 12 WKiQJ 09 QăP 2020

&+Ӫ7ӎ&++Ӝ,ĈӖ1* TRѬӢ1*.+2$ Ӻ7+8Ұ7;Æ<'Ӵ1*

Trang 3

ĈҤ,+Ӑ&48Ӕ&*,$73+Ӗ&+Ë0,1+ TRѬӠ1*ĈҤ,+Ӑ&%È&+.+2$

-&Ӝ1*+Ñ$;­+Ӝ,&+Ӫ1*+Ƭ$9,ӊ7 NAM ĈӝF/ұS± 7ӵ'R± +ҥQK3K~F

1+,ӊ09Ө/8Ұ19Ă17+Ҥ&6Ƭ

-+ӑYjWrQKӑFYLrQ7UҫQ7Kӏ7KXTrang 0mVӕKӑFYLrQ1670641 1Jj\WKiQJQăPVLQK01/01/1989 1ѫLVLQK4XҧQJ1DP &KX\rQQJjQK4XҧQ/ê;k\'ӵQJ 0mQJjQK

7Ç1Ĉӄ7¬,

ĈiQKJLiFiFQJX\rQQKkQJk\OmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQWURQJTXiWUuQKWKLF{QJKRjQWKLӋQFӫDGӵiQQKj FDRWҫQJ- 7UѭӡQJKӧSWҥL9LӋW1DP

1+,ӊ09Ө9¬1Ӝ,'81*

- ;iFÿӏQKFiFQJX\rQQKkQJk\UDҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQVӵOmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQ FӫDFiFErQ WKDPJLDGӵiQ FDRWҫQJ JLDLÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQ

- ĈiQKJLiPӭFÿӝSKkQWtFK vj[ӃSKҥQJFiFQJX\rQQKkQҧQKKѭӣQJ

- XiFÿӏQKPӕLWѭѫQJTXDQJLӳDFiF QKyPQJX\rQQKkQQj\YӟLQKDXYjPӭFÿӝWiFÿӝQJÿӃQVӵOmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQ FӫDWӯQJQKkQWӕ

- ĈӅ[XҩWJLҧLSKiS nhҵm JLҧPWKLӇXQJX\rQQKkQJk\UDVӵOmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQWURQJJLDLÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQGӵiQ

1*¬<*,$21+,ӊ09Ө : 10/02/2020 1*¬<+2¬17+¬1+ : 03/08/2020

Trang 4

/Ӡ,&Ҧ0Ѫ1

Ĉ͋Fyÿ˱ͫFWKjQKTX̫ OX̵QYăQQJj\K{PQD\YͣLV͹ EL͇W˯QFKkQWKjQKYjVkXV̷FQK̭Wem xin NtQK J͵LOͥLF̫P˯Qÿ͇Q76Ĉ͟7L͇Q6Ϳ - 763K̩P+̫L&KL͇Q &iF 7K̯\ÿmW̵QWuQKK͟WUͫJL~Sÿͩem trong WKͥLJLDQQJKLrQFͱXWuPWzLÿ͋KRjQWKjQKOX̵QYăQ, &iFtK̯\ÿmK͟WUͫHPṶWQKL͉XY͉W˱OL͏XQJKLrQFͱXF{QJFͭQJKLrQFͱXK˱ͣQJSKiWWUL͋Qÿ͉WjL

;LQFKkQWKjQKF̫P˯Q%DQJLiP KL͏X WU˱ͥQJĈ̩LK͕F%iFK.KRD3KzQJÿjRW̩R, qXê7K̯\&{%͡P{Q7KLF{QJYj4X̫QOê[k\G͹QJÿmW̩RP͕LÿL͉XNL͏QWKX̵QOͫLÿmW̵QWͭ\WUX\͉Qÿ̩WQKͷQJNL͇QWKͱFNLQKQJKL͏PTXêJLiWURQJVX͙WTXiWUuQKK͕FW̵S

;LQFKkQWKjQKF̫P˯QW̭WF̫FiFDQKFK͓HPE̩QEqWURQJ1JjQK[k\G͹QJÿmQKL͏WWuQKJL~SÿͩK͟WUͫWURQJTXiWUuQKNK̫RViWYjWKXWK̵SGͷOL͏XFKRÿ͉WjLQj\

9jFX͙LFQJ[LQFiP˯QJLDÿuQKQKͷQJQJ˱ͥLWKkQOX{QErQF̩QKJL~SÿͩYjÿ͡QJYLrQWLQKWK̯QWURQJ VX͙WWKͥLJLDQWK͹FKL͏QOX̵QYăQQj\

7S+&0QJj\03 WKiQJ8 QăP20

7U̯Q7K͓7KX7UDQJ

Trang 5

7Ï07Ҳ7

TKHRQKLӅXQJKLrQFӭXWUѭӟFÿk\WKuVӵOmQJSKtWURQJ KRҥWÿӝQJ[k\ GӵQJNK{QJÿѭӧF[HP[pWPӝWFiFKNӻOѭӥQJGRFKѭDFyVӵ U}UjQJYӅNKiLQLӋP

7KӵFWӃWURQJTXiWUuQKWKӵFKLӋQFiFGӵiQ[k\GӵQJQyLFKXQJGӵiQFDRWҫQJQyLULrQJFyUҩWQKLӅX\ӃXWӕOmQJSKtKRһFFiFKRҥWÿӝQJNK{QJPDQJOҥLJLiWUӏJLDWăQJ QKҩWOjWURQJJLDLÿRҥQWKLF{QJKRjQWKLӋQFӫDGӵiQ1KLӅXF{QJWUuQKQJKLrQFӭXWUrQWKӃJLӟLÿmFKӭQJWӓUҵQJWjLQJX\rQFӫDGӵiQEӏWKҩWWKRiWGRVӵTXҧQOêNpPWKLӃWNӃVDLVyWWKLF{QJNK{QJÿҥWFKҩWOѭӧQJWKӡLJLDQNpRGjLWKLӃXKөWYұWWѭ

'RÿyYLӋFSKkQWtFK ÿiQKJLi FiFQJX\rQQKkQJk\UDOmQJSKtWURQJTXiWUuQKWKLF{QJGӵiQ ÿӇWӯÿyÿѭDUDFiFELӋQSKiSKҥQFKӃVӵOmQJSKtVӁJySSKҫQQkQJFDRKLӋXTXҧFKRGRDQKQJKLӋS YjWăQJJLiWUӏFKRGRDQKQJKLӋS /XұQYăQQj\FKӍWұSWUXQJQJKLrQFӭX\ӃXWӕYӅOmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQWURQJJLDLÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQQKjFDRWҫQJ

1JKLrQFӭX Qj\WUuQKEj\NӃWTXҧFXӝFNKҧRViWYӅFiFQJX\rQQKkQҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQVӵOmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQ FӫDFiFbrQWKDPJLDYjRGӵiQJLDLÿRҥQWKLF{QJKRjQWKLӋQQKjFDRWҫQJ&XӝFNKҧRViWÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQWK{QJTXDEҧQJFkXKӓLNKҧRViWYjSKkQWtFKVӕOLӋXWKӕQJNr.ӃWTXҧNKҧRViWÿm[ӃSKҥQJÿѭӧFFiFQJX\rQQKkQJk\ҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQVӵOmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQ%rQFҥQKÿyWK{QJTXD SKѭѫQJSKiSSKkQWtFKQKkQWӕ ()$ QJKLrQFӭXFKӍra 4 QKyPQJX\rQQKkQTXDQWUӑQJҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQVӵOmQJSKtFӫDFiFÿѫQYӏWKDPJLDYjRGӵiQiQFDRWҫQJWURQJJLDLÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQFөWKӇOj ³VӵWUuKRmQ, WKLӃWNӃWjLQJX\rQF{QJWiFSKӕLKӧS´

PKkQWtFKFiFPӕLWѭѫQJTXDQEҵQJP{KuQKWX\ӃQWtQK6(0FKRWKҩ\VӵWѭѫQJWiFOүQQKDXJLӳDFiFQKyPQKkQWӕYjWӯÿyÿѭDUDFiFELӋQSKiSKҥQFKӃVӵOmQJSKttrong giai ÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQGӵiQQKjFDRWҫQJ

Trang 6

Therefore, the analysis and assessment of the causes of waste during the construction of the project from which to introduce measures to limit waste will contribute to improving the efficiency of the business and increasing the value for enterprise This dissertation focuses on the waste of time in finishing high-rise buildings

This study presents the results of the survey on the causes of waste of time involved by project participants in the construction phase of a high-rise building The survey is conducted through survey questionnaires and statistical analysis The survey results have ranked the causes of waste of time In addition, through factor analysis (EFA), the study identifies five important groups of causes affecting the waste of the units involved in high-rise projects in the final stage namely: ³2EVWUXFWLRQGHVLJQresources, coordination´

Analyzing the correlations by linear SEM model shows the interaction between the factor groups and from there, it introduces measures to limit the waste in the completion of high-rise projects.

Trang 7

/Ӡ,&$0Ĉ2$1

7{L[LQKRjQWRjQFKӏXWUiFKQKLӋPYӅQJKLrQFӭXFӫDPuQKYӟLWҩWFiFVӕOLӋXWKXWKұSNӃWTXҧQJKLrQFӭXÿѭӧFWUuQKEj\WURQJOXұQYăQQj\W{LFDPÿRDQOjKRjQWRjQWUXQJWKӵFYjFKѭDWӯQJÿѭӧFF{QJEӕWURQJEҩWNǤF{QJWUuQKQJKLrQFӭXQjRNKiF

7S+&0QJj\3 WKiQJ8 QăP2020

7U̯Q7K͓7KX7UDQJ

Trang 9

3KkQWtFKQKkQWӕNKiPSKi()$ ([SORUDWRU\)DFWRU$Qalysis): 26 3KkQWtFKQKkQWӕNKҷQJÿӏQK&)$ &RQILUPDWRU\)DFWRU$QDO\VLV 

.LӇPWUDÿӝWLQFұ\FӫDWKDQJÿRFKRFiFQKkQWӕJk\QrQVӵOmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQ 42

.LӇPÿӏQKWKDQJÿRFKRFiFQKkQWӕÿiQKJLiNrWTXҧWKӵFKLӋQFiFGӵiQ ÿmWKDPJLD 46

3KkQWtFKQKkQWӕNKiPSKi()$FKRFiFQKkQWӕJk\QrQVӵOmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQ. 47

3KkQWtFKQKkQWӕNKiPSKi()$FKRFiFQKkQWӕÿiQKJLiVӵWKjQKF{QJ 55

ĈӅ[XҩWJLҧLSKiS 82

0ӝWVӕÿӅ[XҩWWKDPNKҧRFiFQJKLrQFӭXWURQJYjQJRjLQѭӟFQKѭ 82

ĈӅ[XҩWGӵDWUrQNLQKQJKLӋP 83

&+ѬѪ1*.ӂ7/8Ұ19¬.,ӂ11*+ӎ 88

Trang 13

+uQK 4 9 KӃt quҧ SKkQWtFKP{KuQK&)$EDQÿҫu vӟi trӑng sӕ chuҭQKyD 60

+uQK 4 10 KӃt quҧ SKkQWtFKP{KuQK&)$KLӋu chӍnh vӟi trӑng sӕ FKѭDFKXҭQKyD 62

+uQK 4 11 KӃt quҧ SKkQWtFKP{KuQK&)$KLӋu chӍnh vӟi trӑng sӕ chuҭQKyD 63

Trang 14

&+ѬѪ1*,0Ӣ ĈҪU

1.1 Ĉһt vҩQÿӅ QJKLrQFӭu

NKXFҫXQKjFDRWҫQJ ÿDQJQJj\PӝWJLDWăQJGR NLQKWӃÿLOrQPҥQKPӁYjWLӃQWUuQKÿ{WKӏKyDFӝQJWKrPYLӋFGLӋQWtFKÿҩWÿDLNKXYӵFÿ{WKӏWKjQKSKӕQJj\FjQJJLҧPYjNKDQKLӃPGkQQKұSFѭWӯFiFWӍQKOҿÿә[{ÿӃQWKjQKSKӕNLӃPVӕQJNpRWKHRPұWÿӝGkQVӕFy[XKѭӟQJWăQJYjNpRWKHRÿyOj\rXFҫXÿiSӭQJYӅQKjӣĈLӅXÿyGүQÿӃQYLӋFQKjFDRWҫQJ ÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJKjQJORҥW1KuQWKҩ\[XKѭӟQJÿyFiFQKjÿҫXWѭNLQKGRDQKEҩWÿӝQJVҧQ QKDQKQKҽQQҳPEҳWWKӡLWKӃYjFKR[k\GӵQJ FiFGӵiQ 1KjFDRWҫQJ YӟLQKLӅXWLӋQtFKYjTX\P{NKiFQKDX

+uQK 1 1 0ӝWGӵiQFDRWҫQJ FDRWҫQJÿDQJÿѭӧFWULӇQNKDLWKLF{QJQJD\WҥL7KjQKSKӕ +ӗ&Kt0LQK

Trang 15

1JX͛Q,QWHUQHW

0ӝWGӵiQ ÿӇKRjQWKjQKWKѭӡQJWӕQPӝWNKRҧQJTXiWUuQKGjLWӯNKLEҳWÿҫXÿӃQO~FNӃWWK~FÿӇWKLF{QJ JLDLÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQ WKѭӡQJWӕQWӯWKiQJWUӣOrQW\WKXӝFYjRVӵSKӭFWҥSWӯQJGӵiQ YjWLӃQÿӝFӫDFKӫÿҫXWѭ ÿѭDUD 6XӕWWURQJTXiWUuQKWKLF{QJ GӵiQ FyVӵFyPһWFӫDUҩWQKLӅXWKjQKSKҫQQKѭ³FKӫÿҫXWѭ, FѫTXDQQKjQѭӟF, ban TXҧQOê GӵiQ, WѭYҩQJLiPViW, QKjWKҫX, QKjFXQJFҩS«´0ӛLPӝWErQÿӅXOjFyYDLWUzQKҩWÿӏQKWURQJTXiWUuQKWKӵFKLӋQÿӃQNKLNӃWWK~FGӵiQ7ҥLWKӡLÿLӇPNKiFQKDXWKuFKӭFQăQJYjYDLWUzFӫDKӑYүQNK{QJWKD\ÿәL9jPӛLPӝWErQÿӅXÿҧPQKLӋPFiFWUiFKQKLӋPNKiFQKDX%ӣLWKӃFyUҩWQKLӅXWKjQKSKҫP tham gia GӵiQ QrQOjPFiFKQjRFyWKӇNӃWKӧSTXҧQOêWKHRWUuQKWӵWKӕQJQKҩWQKӏSQKjQJPjNK{QJJk\UDVӵOmQJSKtOjPӝWYҩQÿӅQDQJLҧLFҫQOӡLJLҧLÿiSYj trong

*,$,Ĉ2ҤN PHӬC TҤP CӪA DA

KӂT CҨU

0Ï1*KӂT CҨU 7+Æ1KӂT CҨ87+Æ1+2¬17+,ӊN+2¬17+,ӊN + LҲ3ĈҺT THIӂT Bӎ

Vӊ 6,1+%¬1GIAO

+uQK 1 2 0{ Wҧ7Ĉ YjELӇXÿӗQKkQOӵFWURQJTXiWUuQKWKLF{QJDA

Trang 16

ÿyJLDLÿRҥQ ҧQKKѭӣQJYjqu\ӃWÿӏQKWKjQKF{QJ FӫDGӵiQ Oj³JLDLÿR̩Q KRjQWKL͏Q´

ÿӗQJORҥWQKLӅXQKjWKҫX FQJWKӵFKLӋQ WULӇQNKDLFiFF{QJWiF KRjQWKLӋQ NKiFQKDXQrQYLӋFTXҧQOêWKHRG}LSKkQEәF{QJYLӋFNK{QJFKӗQJFKpRKӧSOêKӃWVӭFNKyNKăQYjWUҧLTXDQKLӅXGӵiQ FKRWKҩ\QKLӅXGӵiQ QKjFDRWҫQJ FKѭDÿҥWKLӋXTXҧFDRQKѭWUӉWLӃQÿӝYѭӧWFKLSKtFKҩWOѭӧQJ, WKҭPPӻNK{QJÿҥW\rXFҫX WKuPӝW trong Vӕ QKӳQJQJX\rQQKkQFKtQKOjVӵTXҧQOêFӫDFiFWKjQKSKҫQ tham gia GӵiQ FzQUӡLUҥFQKLӅXKҥQFKӃWҥRUDVӵOmQJSKtWURQJWKӵFKLӋQ

7ӯ ÿyFҫQ SKkQWtFKÿiQKJLi FiFQJX\rQQKkQWҥR UDVӵOmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQÿӇWuPUDÿѭӧFVӵҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQWLӃQÿӝFKLSKtFӫDGӵiQQҳPEҳWÿѭӧFPӕLTXDQKӋ FӫDFiFQJX\rQQKkQÿy FyWѭѫQJTXDQ YӟLQKDXNK{QJPjWӯÿyÿӅ QJKӏ FiFSKѭѫQJiQJLҧL SKiSWKD\ÿәLVӵ TXҧQOêSKKӧS ÿӇQKҵPPөFÿtFKKҥQFKӃÿѭӧFQKӳQJQJX\rQQKkQJk\ҧQKKѭӣQJWURQJF{QJWiFTXҧQOêFӫDFiFÿѫQYӏWҥLJLDLÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQ GӵiQ QKjFDRWҫQJ

9uYұ\ WKӵFKLӋQ TXҧQOêKLӋXTXҧÿӗQJEӝWӯJLDLÿRҥQJLDLÿRҥQFKXҭQEӏ EҳWÿҫXJLDLÿRҥQWULӇQNKDLSKӕLKӧp WKLF{QJ SKҧLÿѭӧFWKӕQJQKҩWYjÿѭӧFOұSWKjQKFiFTX\WUuQKFөWKӇ.KLÿyWҩWFҧFiFErQWKӵFKLӋQGӵiQ VӁÿѭӧFP{Wҧ U}KѫQYӅQKLӋP YөWUiFKQKLӋPYjSKҥPYLWKӵFKLӋQVӁKҥQFKӃÿѭӧFQKӳQJVӵFӕ FyWKӇJk\ҧQKKѭӣQJ ÿӃQFiFErQ OLrQTXDQFQJWKDPJLDGӵiQĈӇFyJLҧLSKiSWKtFK KӧSYӟLÿһFÿLӇPFӫDWӯQJGӵiQ QKjFDRWҫQJ ӣJLDLÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQ, KӧSOêQKҩW OjWKLӃWOұS P{KuQK SEM ÿӇ[k\GӵQJPӕLWѭѫQJ quan JLӳDFiFQJX\rQQKkQ YjÿӅ[XҩW JLҧLSKiSKӧSOêFKRFiFPӕLTXDQKӋ

0ӝWVӕYҩQÿӅÿһWUD

&iF\ӃXWӕQjRWҥRQrQ VӵOmQJSKt thӡi gian khi WKӵFKLӋQGӵiQ JLDLÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQ?

+ 6ӵ ҧQKKѭӣQJ FӫDFiF\ӃXWӕQKѭWKӃQjRÿӃQYLӋFOmQJSKt thӡL JLDQFӫDFiFÿѫQYӏFQJWKӵFKLӋQGӵiQ YjPӕLWѭѫQJTXDQJLӳDFK~QJ ?

+ 3KѭѫQJiQ QjRÿӇFҧLWKLӋQVӵOmQJSKt WKӡLJLDQ FӫDFiFÿѫQYӏWKDPJLDGӵiQ?

Trang 17

1.2 MөFWLrXFӫDÿӅ WjL

+ 7uPUD QKӳQJQJX\rQQKkQWiFÿӝQJ ÿӃQVӵOmQJSKt WKӡLJLDQ FӫDFiFErQ tham gia GӵiQ JLDLÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQ

+ ;iFÿӏQK FҩS ÿӝҧQKKѭӣQJYj[ӃSKҥQJFiFQJX\rQQKkQWuPUD PӕLTXDQKӋ JLӳDFK~QJYӟLQKDX

+ ;iFÿӏQKPӕLOLrQKӋ JLӳDFiFQKyPYjWұSKӧSWKjQKFiFQKkQWӕ Wӯÿy[HP[pW PӭFÿӝҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQVӵOmQJSKt FӫDWӯQJQKkQWӕ

7uPNLӃPSKѭѫQJiQ QKҵPJLҧPWKLӇXFiFQJX\rQQKkQҧQKKѭӣQJVӵOmQJSKt WKӡLJLDQWURQJTXiWUuQKWKLF{QJ HRjQWKLӋQ GӵiQ QKjFDRWҫQJ

.ӃWTXҧVDXNKLKRjQWKjQKQJKLrQFӭXVӁ JySSKҫQ KӋWKӕQJOҥLFiF\ӃXWӕOmQJSKt WKӡLJLDQ WURQJVӵSKӕLKӧSJLDLÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQ FӫDFiFÿѫQYӏ OLrQTXDQ6ӱGөQJP{KuQK QJKLrQFӭX SEM ÿӇSKkQWtFK YӅFiFQJX\rQQKkQUӫLURVӵSKӭF

Trang 18

WҥSWURQJJLDLÿRҥQWKLF{QJ KRjQWKLӋQ FDRWҫQJFNJQJQKѭPӕLOLrQKӋ WѭѫQJTXDQ JLӳDFK~QJYӟLQKDX

1.5 CҩXWU~FFӫa luұQYăQ &KѭѫQJ0ӣÿҫX &KѭѫQJ7әQJTXDQ

&KѭѫQJ3KѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQFӭX &KѭѫQJ: Thu WKұS SKkQWtFKVӕOLӋX

&KѭѫQJĈӅ[XҩWSKѭѫQJiQQKҵPKҥQFKӃVӵOmQJSKtWKӡLJLDQtrong giai

ÿRҥQKRjQWKLӋQ QKjFDRWҫQJ

&KѭѫQJ.ӃWOXұQ& NLӃQQJKӏ

Trang 19

&+ѬѪ1*7ӘNG QUAN &iFÿӏQKQJKƭDYjNKiLQLӋm

.KiLQLӋm vӅ Dӵ iQ:

- Theo Clark A Campbell (2009) ³GӵiQ OjFiFKRҥWÿӝQJYӟLFiFWK{QJVӕÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKFKtQK[iFYӟLNKXQJWKӡLJLDQYjFiFPөFÿtFKFKRULrQJGӵiQ ÿy´

+uQK 2 1 0{WҧÿһFÿLӇPFӫDPӝWGӵiQ .KiLQLӋPQKjcao tҫng:

* Theo TX\ӃWÿӏQKVӕ: 14 4Ĉ-BXD:

³1KjFDRWҫQJOjQKjӣYjFiFF{QJWUuQKF{QJFӝQJFyVӕWҫQJOӟQKѫQ´

* 3KөOөF$ WKDPNKҧR 0ӝWVӕNKiLQLӋPÿӏQKQJKƭDYӅQKjFDRWҫQJ* A.1 ĈӏQKQJKƭDQKjFDRWҫQJWKHRӪ\EDQ1KjFDRWҫQJ4XӕFWӃ

1J{LQKjPjFKLӅXFDRFӫDQyOj\ӃXWӕTX\ӃWÿӏQKFiFÿLӅXNLӋQWKLӃWNӃthi F{QJ KRһFVӱGөQJNKiFYӟLFiFQJ{LQKjWK{QJWKѭӡQJWKuÿѭӧFJӑLOjQKjFDRWҫQJ

TXҧQOê

Trang 20

* A.2 &ăQFӭYjRFKLӅXFDRYjVӕWҫQJQKj 8ӹEDQQKjFDRWҫQJTXӕFWӃSKkQQKj

FDRWҫQJUDORҥLQKѭVDX

a) 1KjFDRWҫQJORҥLWӯÿӃQWҫQJ FDRQKҩWP  b) 1KjFDRWҫQJORҥL7ӯÿӃQWҫQJ FDRQKҩWP c) 1KjFDRWҫQJORҥL7ӯÿӃQWҫQJ FDRQKҩWP

G 1KjFDRWҫQJORҥL7ӯWҫQJWUӣOrQ JӑLOjQKjVLrXFDRWҫQJ

* A.3 9ӅÿӝFDRNKӣLÿҫXFӫDQKjFDRWҫQJFiFQѭӟFFyQKӳQJTXLÿӏQKNKiFQKDX

'ӵDYjR\rXFҫXSKzQJFKi\FKӳDFKi\WLrXFKXҭQÿӝFDRNKӣLÿҫXQKjFDRWҫQJÿѭӧFWUuQKEj\ӣBҧQJ2.1

Trang 21

EDRJӗPPҩWPiW YӅYұWFKҩWYjOjP FiFF{QJYLӋFNK{QJFҫQWKLӃWFiLPjWҥRWKrm

FKLSKtSKiWVLQKQKѭQJNK{QJJLDWăQJWKrPJLiWUӏFӫDVҧQSKҭP Theo Koskela 1992)[6].9uYұ\OmQJSKtSKҧLÿѭӧFÿӏQKQJKƭDQKѭOjEҩWNǤWәQWKҩWÿѭӧFVLQKUDEӣLFiFF{QJYLӋFWҥRUDFKLSKtQKѭQJNK{QJWăQJWKrPEҩWNǤJLiWUӏQjRFKRVҧQSKҭPWӯVӵÿiQKJLiFӫDFKӫÿҫXWѭ

Theo $ODUFyQ 

Ngày đăng: 03/08/2024, 13:49

TÀI LIỆU CÙNG NGƯỜI DÙNG

TÀI LIỆU LIÊN QUAN