Bài giảng anh văn 2 eg09 2 Đại học mở hà nội

am with the personal pronoun I is with the personal pronouns he, she or it (or with the singular form of nouns) are with the personal pronouns we, you or they (or with the plural form of nouns) Example: I am hungry I I am = I’m He/She/It He is = He’s She is = She’s It is = It’s You/We/They You are = You’re We are = We’re They are = They’re Negative I He/she We/you/they am not (I’m not) is not (isn’t) are not (aren’t) a receptionist. Yes-No questions Are you on vacation? Are you a student? No, I’m not. I’m a student. Yes, I am. Is Sarah from the United States? Is Sarah from Australia? No, she isn’t. (No, she’s not). She’s from Australia. Yes, she is. Are you and Tom in the same class? Are you and Tom on the same volleyball team? No, we aren’t. (No, we’re not). We’re on the same volleyball team. Yes, we are. Are Mr. and Mrs. Tavares American? Are Mr. and Mrs. Tavares Brazilian? No, they aren’t. (No, they’re not). They’re Brazilian. Yes, they are

CEFR.Level A1 – Unit 1 Trang 1

Simple Present - Be

Positive

am with the personal pronoun I

is with the personal pronouns he, she or it (or with the singular form of nouns)

are with the personal pronouns we, you or they (or with the plural form of nouns)

We are = We’re They are = They’re Negative

a receptionist

Yes-No questions

Are you on vacation?

Are you a student?

No, I’m not I’m a student

Yes, I am

Is Sarah from the United States?

Is Sarah from Australia?

No, she isn’t (No, she’s not) She’s from Australia

Yes, she is

Are you and Tom in the same class?

Are you and Tom on the same

volleyball team?

No, we aren’t (No, we’re not) We’re

on the same volleyball team

CEFR.Level A1 – Unit 1 Trang 2

Questions with question words

What’s your name? My name is Chuck

Where are you from? I’m from Taiwan

Who is that? His name is Tom

What’s her name? Her name is Amy

Where is she from? She’s from Korea

Where are you from? We’re from the United States

Who are they? They’re Amy’s parents

What are their names? Their names are Mr and Mrs Kim

Where are they from? They’re from Korea

Exercise 1.6

1 Complete these conversations Then practice with a partner

a A: ……… you from Vietnam?

B: Yes, I ……… ………… from Dong Anh

b A: ……… Thao in her first year?

B: No, she ……… ……… in her second year

c A: ……… you and An from Hoa Binh?

B: Yes, we ……… ………… from Hoa Binh City

2 Fill in the gap with appropriate form of the verb to be

a The manager ………in the office

b The staff…………not at work today

c I ……… not in the marketing department

d It………Saturday today

e Our room ……….on the fifth floor

f You and your friends ……… so nice

g I ………very happy to work with you

h The guest in room 205 …………very angry

i Her room ……….very dirty

j Her slippers ………old

CEFR.Level A1 – Unit 1 Trang 3

3 Pair work

Read the following conversations Then answer these questions For questions you answer “no”, give the correct information

A

Tom: Paula, who is that over there?

Paulo: Oh, that’s my father! And that’s my mother with him

Tom: I’d like to meet them

Paulo: Mom and Dad, this is Tom Hayes Tom, these are my parents

Tom: Pleased to meet you, Mr And Mrs Tavares

Mrs Tavares: Nice to meet you, Tom

Paulo: My parents are here from Brazil They’re on vacation

Tom: Oh, where are you from in Brazil?

Mr Tavares: We’re from Rio

B

Sarah: Hi, Tom How’s everything?

Tom: Not bad How are you?

Sarah: Pretty good, thanks

Tom: Sarah, this is Paulo He’s from Brazil

Sarah: Hello Paulo Are you on vacation?

Paulo: No, I’m not I’m a student here

Sarah: Oh, are you studying English?

Paulo: Well, yes, I am And engineering, too

Sarah: Are you and Tom in the same class?

Paulo: No, we aren’t But we’re on the same volleyball team

a Are Tom and Paulo on the baseball team?

CEFR.Level A1 – Unit 1 Trang 4

4 Complete this conversation Then compare with a partner

Yoko: Rich, who are the two women over there?

Rich: Oh, ……….names are Lisa and Kate

Rich: Hi, Kate This………Yoko

……… from Japan

Yoko: Hello Nice to meet you

Kate: Good to meet you, Yoko

Lisa: And ……… name ……… Lisa

Yoko: Hi, Lisa

Rich: Lisa and Kate ………… from Canada

Yoko: Oh? Where ………… you from in Canada?

5 Complete these questions Then practice with a partner

a A: ………… that ?

B: That’s Hung

b A: ……… ……… he from?

B: He ‘s from Lang Son

c A: ……… ……… his last name?

B: It’s Nguyen

d A: …… ………… the two students over there?

B: Their names are Hai and Quyen

e A: ……… ……… they from?

B: They’re from Quang Ninh

CEFR.Level A1 – Unit 1 Trang 5

6 Group work Write five questions about your classmates Then take turns asking and answering your questions

a ………

b ………

c ………

d ………

e ………

Capitalizing Proper Nouns

A noun is a person, place, or thing Nouns can be proper nouns or common nouns

A proper noun is the name of a person, place, or thing Proper nouns are always capitalized This means some or all of the words begin with capital letters

A common noun is a word for any person, place, or thing Common nouns are usually only capitalized at the beginning of a sentence

Note: Many proper nouns have more than one word Small words such as the and of

are not usually capitalized in proper nouns

Exercise 1.7 Read the following text and capitalize the proper nouns

Chicago

I like the name of my city chicago, the city is in the state of illinois in the united states of america The name comes from the native americans The algonquins lived

on the chicago river The word chigogou comes from their language It means field

of onions A long time ago, onions grew next to the river and lake michigan I like

CEFR.Level A1 – Unit 1 Trang 6

the name because it is interesting There is no other place in the world with the same name

Writing sentences in simple present

When we write a sentence in English, there are two compulsory elements: the subject (S) and the verb (V) In some sentences there are only these two elements, nut in many other sentences, there may be other elements like: complement (C), object (O), and adverbial (A)

The basic sentence pattern we learn in this unit is:

S + V (to be) + C/A

A Write sentences using the prompts below

1 old I twenty-five years am

CEFR.Level A1 – Unit 1 Trang 7

B Write around 60 words about a person you know In your passage, include these points:

Vocabulary Building

Exercise 1.8 How do you answer the question: How are you? Put the correct

expressions in the chart

OK Great! Fine Not so good Pretty good Not bad

Each country has an adjective describing its nationality The nationality usually ends

in: an; tian, ish, ese

2 Match these nationalities to the countries in 1

German American British

Mexican Spanish Turkish

Italian Egyptian Chinese

Listening for Main Ideas

Exercise 1.10 Listen to the conversations Answer the questions (Track 1.1)

- Conversation 1: Who are they?

- Conversation 2: Where are they?

Listening for Details

Exercise 1.11 Listen to the conversations again and fill in the blanks Then practice the conversations with a partner (Track 1.1)

1

Anthony Hi I'm Anthony 1………… to meet you

Mrs Davis My 2……… 's Mrs Davis Nice to meet you, too

Anthony Are you from New York, Mrs Davis?

Mrs Davis Yes, I am How about 3……… ?

Anthony 4……… from Vancouver

2

Mrs Davis Hello, Anthony

Anthony Oh, hi, Mrs Davis How 5………… you? Mrs Davis Not 6…………, thanks How about you?

Mrs Davis Well, class 8……… about to start, so please take your seat

Anthony OH, uh sure thing!

Looking at the pictures before listening helps you have general idea(s) about the listening text

When you look at the pictures, think of some questions like:

- How many people are there? Are they male or female? Are they kids, young, middle, or senior?

- Where are they?

- What are they doing?

- What are they wearing?

The answer to these questions will help you decide which picture to choose for the listening text

2 Listen again Complete the sentences Use the words in the box (Track 1.2)

Tom Cruise a teacher Canada a student

a Sara isn’t from the US She’s from Canada

b John is ………

c The man isn’t ……… He’s Brad Pitt

d Paula isn’t a businesswoman She’s ………

2…

Hi I’m Andrei I’m a doorman I’m from Russia This is the Ritz hotel The hotel is very famous in all over the world A lot of famous people are here with us I’m happy because of that

Vocabulary Skills Reasons for using a dictionary

A dictionary is a very important tool for anyone who is learning a new language With a good dictionary you can do the following:

- look up the meaning of an English word you see or hear

- find the English translation of a word in your language

- check the spelling of a word

- check the plural of a noun or past tense of a verb

- find out other grammatical information about a word

- find the synonym or antonym of a word

- look up the collocations of a word

- check the part of speech of a word

- find out how to say a word

- find out about the register of a word

- find examples of the use of a word in natural language

To be a good dictionary user, however, it is not enough to know what to use the dictionary for You must also decide which is the best dictionary for any of the purposes listed above As well as this, you need to be able to find what you are looking for quickly; you need to be sure that you have found what you were looking

for; and, most importantly, you need to know when to use your dictionary

Exercise 1.2 Check up these words in your dictionary, fill in the table

Word Pronunciation Part of speech Meaning Example

1 name /neim/ noun tên Her name is Larisa

2 company

3 small

4 teacher

5 hotel

Reading for Main Ideas

Exercise 1.3 Answer the questions underneath

1 What are the three paragraphs about?

2 What should be the title for each paragraph?

Reading for Details

Exercise 1.4 Fill in the gap with an appropriate name

1 ……… from Costa Rica

2 ……… 5 years old

3 ……… from marketing department

5 ……… is very famous

Scanning is reading very quickly to find pieces of information in a text For example, you scan a book for a name or a number You move your eyes quickly over the text You do not read every word You look for the words or information you want

Scanning can help you answer questions quickly Follow these steps

1 Read the question Underline the important word or words in the question

2 Scan the reading text for the words you underlined

3 Circle the information you need in the reading text

4 Write the answer to the question

Exercise 1.5 Read the following passage about Thanh – a staff in the Nikko

hotel and scan the text to quickly answer these questions

I’m from Vietnam

Hi! My name is Thanh I am a receptionist in the Nikko hotel I am 28 years old I

am from Vietnam I am married with a baby boy He is 2 years old He is very cute His name is Long My husband is a taxi driver He is 34 years old He is from Hanoi, too He is very nice and manly I am very happy about my family

1 What is her job?

Simple Present – Ordinary verbs

Positive

Subject Main verb

I, you, we, they Like coffee

He, she, it Likes coffee

1 For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary

2 For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s(es) to the main verb

Negative

Subject Auxiliary

verb

Main verb

I, you, we, they don’t like coffee

He, she, it doesn’t like coffee

Questions with question words

What do you do?

Where do you work?

Where do you go to school?

How do you like your school?

Where does Andrea work?

What does she do?

Where does Jason go to school?

How does he like it?

I'm a student, and I have a part-time job

I work at/in a restaurant

I go to the University of Texas

I like it very much

She works for Thomas Cook Travel

She's a guide She takes people on tours

He goes to New York University

He loves it

We use the simple present tense when talking about:

 A present habit: I usually get up early

 A fact She works in a bank

 A truth The earth goes around the sun

 A public timetable The train to Hanoi leaves the station at 9 pm today

Exercise 2.13

1 Circle the best answers

1 She _ four languages

6 The food in Japan is expensive It

_ a lot to live there

B: I'm a student I study tourism

A: And do you to school?

B: I to Hanoi Open University

A: do you like your classes?

B: I them a lot

b A: What Huong do?

B: She's a teacher She ….……… English at Hanoi Open University A: And what about Dr Thanh? Where he work?

B: He also for Hanoi Open University

A: does he do, exactly?

B: He's the Vice-Dean of the Faculty of Tourism He at the Bach Khoa campus

Intonation of questions

Yes/No questions usually have rising intonation Wh-questions usually have falling intonation

Listen and practice (Track 1.3)

Do you like movies?

Do you like pop music?

What kind of movies do you like?

What kind of music do you like?

Exercise 1.14 Mark the intonation in these sentences then practice them with a

partner

Asking follow-up question

Follow-up questions are questions that ask for more information You can ask

follow-up questions to keep a conversation going

A: are you interested in sport?

B: Yes, I like baseball

A: Oh, what’s your favorite team?

B: I like the Seattle Mariners

A: Do you have a favorite player?

Asking follow-up questions helps make your conversations more interesting, and helps you learn more about people you meet

Exercise 1.15 Read the information in Sanjay and Anita’s profiles Then

complete their conversation below by writing Sanjay’s follow-up questions

Do you like TV?

Do you like music videos?

What videos do you like?

What programs do you like?

Sanjay: Hi, I’m Sanjay

Anita: Nice to meet you, Sanjay I’m Anita

Sanjay: Where ……… , Anita?

Introduction

A Match the questions and the answers

1 What are your names? E a We’re from Australia

2 How old is he? b Not bad, thanks And you?

3 Where are you from? c No, she isn’t she’s my sister

5 Is she your girl friend? e He’s Eric, and I’m Nancy

B Pair work Complete the conversations Then practice them with a friend

a A Hi, Jane! How are you? b A Hi, my name’s Brian …………?

B Hey, Alex! I’m fine ……… ? B I’m Nancy

B ……… guy over there? B I’m from Canada ………… ?

A ……… my brother A I’m from England

C Script a conversation between two international students The two students should introduce as much as possible about themselves

What do you do?

1 Complete these sentences with time expressions

a I get up six the morning ……… weekdays

b I go to bed midnight weeknights

c I start work 11:30 night

d I arrive at work Mondays, 7:00 A.M

e I have lunch three the afternoon ……… weekdays

f I stay up ………… weekends

g I have a little snack 9:00 the evening

h I sleep noon Sundays

2 Rewrite the sentences above so that they are true for you Then compare with a partner

3 Pair work Take turns asking and answering these questions

a What days do you get up early? late?

b What are two things you do before 8:00 in the morning?

c What are three things you do on Saturday mornings?

e What is something you do only on Sundays?

Many words in English have synonym(s) (words with the same meaning) Some pairs of synonyms are presented below:

hop/jump shut/close loud/noisy begin/start finish/end

tidy/clean silent/quiet chat/talk naughty/bad weird/strange

clever/smart difficult/hard friendly/kind middle/centre late/tardy

Exercise 2.9 Use the words in the box to find synonyms for the italicized words

close

strange

noisy

quiet start end

smart center hard

kind talk clean

1 The room was very tidy

2 I’m cold Can you shut the window?

3 The question was difficult

4 She doesn’t like to chat on the telephone

5 The race will begin in two minutes

6 I found a really weird sea creature at the beach today

7 He is very friendly Everybody likes him

8 Jenny is quite clever She can probably answer the question

9 The night was silent I couldn’t even hear the wind

10 The students were so loud that I couldn’t hear the teacher

11 Do you know what time the movie will finish?

12 There was a ghost in the middle of the room

Listening for Main Ideas

Exercise 2.10 Listen and answer the questions (Track 2.1)

1 What is Helen’s job?

………

2 Does she have easy or hard job? Why?

………

Listening for Details

Exercise 2.11 Listen and fill in the blanks (Track 2.1)

Daniel: How do you spend your day, Helen?

Helen: Well, on 1……… I get up around 2……… Then I read the

paper for an hour and 3………… at about 4…………

Daniel: Really? What time do you go to work?

Helen: I 5………… work at 6…………

Daniel: And when do you get home at night?

Helen: I get home pretty 7……… , around 8………

Daniel: So what do you do, exactly?

Helen: I'm a 9………… announcer Don't you recognize me? I do

the weather report on KNTV!

Daniel: Gee, I'm sorry I 10………… watch TV

Key words and phrases tell you the important information about a topic Speakers often repeat key words and phrases more than once Listening for key words and phrases can help you get the topic of the conversation

Example: Listen to Daniel describe how he spends his day Answer the questions

below (Track 2.2)

1 What time does he get up? start work? study until?

2 What does he do?

The topic of the conversation is job

Exercise 2.12 Listen to the conversation and answer the questions (Track 2.3)

1 What is the topic of the conversation?

What do you do?

Read the texts and do the activities that follow

What Do You Do?

This week - Chuck Hartman and Helen Reed

Chuck Hartman is a zookeeper in

New York City He works with

lions, tigers, and other big cats

Chuck also works with animals from

Australia

"I work with some very beautiful

animals," says Chuck "Some of

them are dangerous, but they know

me, and they like me-I think!"

Does Chuck like his job? "Do I like

my job?" Chuck smiles "No, I don’t

like my job I love my job!”

Helen Reed is a window washer in London, England She washes the windows on tall office buildings in the city center She cleans windows eight hours a day, five days a week

"One of the buildings is 40 floors high, and there are more than 5,000 windows," says Helen "Cleaning the windows is like climbing down a mountain, and the view of London is fantastic."

Is she happy at her work? "Happy?" she says

"I'm delighted! It's the best job in the world!"

d model i police officer

e taxi driver j soccer player

Vocabulary Skills Word forms

The names of the jobs in English are usually end in:

- er: teacher, cleaner

- or: doctor, professor

- ant: assistant, accountant

- cian: musician, politician

- man: policeman, chairman

Exercise 2.2 Find at least 5 more jobs for each ending, make sure you can

Reading for Main Ideas

Exercise 2.3 Answer the questions about Chuck Hartman and Helen Reed

1 What is Chuck’s job?

Reading for Details

Exercise 2.4 Read the article Check () True or False

True False

1 Chuck and Helen work in the same country  

2 Chuck works with lions and tigers  

3 Chuck works in Australia  

4 Helen washes the windows of very tall building  

5 Helen climbs mountains at work  

6 Helen thinks her job is boring  

Good readers preview a text (for example, an article, a Web page, or a story) before reading it They look quickly at the text and its different parts

This helps them understand it Here are some tips to help you preview

- Read the title The title is the name of the text

- Read the headings A heading is a short line of the text (like the title) It tells what a section is about Often there is a heading above each section

- Look at any pictures and their captions A caption is the text under the picture

Exercise 2.5 This is a web page for people who are looking for work Preview

the web page Then complete the sentences

1 This is the web page of a ………

a university b career centre c newspaper

2 The young person wants to find ………

a a job b a school c an office

3 The web page has … steps

I/he/she/it

wasn’t at home yesterday

weren’t happy about that

Were you at home last night? Yes, I was

No, I was not (wasn’t)

Was she the chairwoman? Yes, she was

No, she was not (wasn’t)

Last year he was 22, so he is 23 now

When I was a child, I wasn’t afraid of dog

The weather was perfect when we were on holiday last month

You were late again yesterday

try => tried study => studied copy => copied stop => stopped plan => planned

No, I did not (didn’t)

Did she watch the TV program last

night?

Yes, she did

No, she did not (didn’t)

They lived in Vietnam from 2003 to 2009

He traveled to Laos with his girlfriend

They worked hard to build their country

Irregular verbs

Some verbs have their own simple past form:

build =>built go => went drink => drank

pay => paid say => said tell => told

I/we/you/they/he/she/it Went

didn’t go

to see the beautiful, big lake

Did they tell you the story? Yes, they did

No, they did not (didn’t)

Did he tell you the story? Yes, he did

No, he did not (didn’t)

They built the citadel 2000 years ago

Farmers usually fought as soldiers when there was a war

They dug a big lake near the village

Notes: We use ago, yesterday, last with the simple past

Exercise 2.13

1 Complete this conversation with “was,” “wasn’t,” “were,” or “weren’t.”

A: How was your vacation in Peru, Julia?

B: It ……… great I really enjoyed it

A: How long ……… you there?

B: I ……… there for two weeks

A: ……… you in Lima all the time?

B: No, we ……… We ………in the mountains for a few days A: And how ……… the weather? ……… it good?

B: No, it ……… good at all The city ……… very hot, and the mountains ……… really cold!

2 Fill in the table

a Write the past tense of these regular verbs

1 cook

2 enjoy

3 invite

cooked -

4 love

5 study

6 try

-

7 visit

8 wash

9 watch

-

-b Write the simple form of these irregular past tense verbs

-

-slept spent took went

c Choose three of the verbs above and write sentences about the past

1

2 _

3 _

3 Read about Lisa’s journey to Madrid Put the verb in the correct form

Last Tuesday Lisa (fly) ……… from London to Madrid She (get) ……… up at 6 in the morning and (have) ……… a cup

of coffee At 6.30 she (leave) ……… home and (drive)

……… to the airport When she (arrive) ……… , she (park)

……… the car and then (go) ……… to the airport café where she (have) ……… a cup of coffee Then she (go) ……… through the passport control and (wait) ……… for her flight The plane (depart) ……… on time and (arrive) ……… in Madrid two hours later Finally, she (take) ……… a taxi from the airport to her hotel in the central of Madrid

Ed in simple past

There are three ways to pronounce the ending “ed”

/t/: if the word ends in one of these sounds: /p, k, tʃ, f, θ, s, ʃ /

/id/: if the word ends in one of these sounds: /d, t/

/d/: if the word ends in the other sounds

Exercise 2.14 Listen to the following words Put them in the correct column (Track 2.4)

planted landed worked caused planned

laughed added folded treated counted

started watched closed opened cooked

Asking for clarification

When you listen, sometimes you need to ask the speaker to repeat information Here are some phrases you can use when you don’t hear or understand something well

I’m sorry… I didn’t catch that Could you say that again, please? Could you repeat that? Do you mean …?

Exercise 2.15 Listen to the conversation Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with these words (Track 2.5)

say repeat again could please

1 Could you ……… that ………, please?

2 I’m ………?

3 Sorry, ……… you ………… that, please?

Role play a job interview

In a job interview, the interviewer usually asks you about your experience (things you

do in the past) Prepare to talk about your experience well in advance is advised You should think about:

- where you studied

- what you studied

- how long you studied

- where you worked

- what you did in your last job(s)

A Practice the conversation below with a partner

A: Please sit down, Mr Smith Did you bring your application?

B: Oh, no I completed it online, and I emailed it Is it OK?

A: Oh, yes Here it is I printed it this morning… OK Can you tell me a

little about yourself?

B: Yes, I graduated from Franklin High school in 2010 I wanted to get

some work experience before college So, I joined a computer training program

A: I see Did you finish the program?

B: Yes, I finished it last week

B Pair work

Work in pairs, one is the interviewer and the other is the interviewee You can make

up the information for your experience Pay attention to the pronunciation of the simple past

Verbs + infinitives

Some verbs and expressions are followed by an infinitive

What are you going to do after graduation?

I’m (not) going to get a job right away

I (don't) plan to get my own apartment

I (don't) want to live with my parents

I hope to get a new car

I’d like to travel this summer

I’d love to move to a new city

Exercise 2.6 Ask and answer these questions with your partner

1 What other languages would you like to learn?

2 What countries would you like to live in? Why?

3 What countries wouldn't you like to live in? Why?

4 Do you want to get a part-job?

5 What kind of job do you hope to get?

6 What age do you plan to get married?

7 What age do you want to retire?

8 Do you plan to move to the countryside or another city after graduation?

9 Do you plan to have a big family?

Writing complete sentences Every sentence needs a subject and a verb The subject (S) is who or what the

sentence is about The verb (V) tells what the subject does (action) or what the

subject thinks, feels, or is (state)

He follows directions very well His work is excellent

Travel agents get low-priced tickets They like travelling

S V S V

A sentence with no subject or no verb is not complete It is a sentence fragment

 She likes her new job

Likes her new job (no subject)

 A carpenter is at my house

A carpenter at my house (no verb)

Always check your writing and ask: Does this sentence have a subject? Does this sentence have a verb? A complete sentence must have a subject and a verb

Exercise 2.7 Read the sentences about truck drivers Mark the subjects (S) and

the verbs (V) as in the example

a A truck driver works in a truck

S V

b He drives up to 11 hours a day

c Truck drivers travel very far over many days

d They sleep in a special bed in the truck

e The company pays the driver for the number of miles

f A driver needs to arrive on time

Describing jobs

A Complete the word map with jobs from the list

architect receptionist company director

flight attendant supervisor engineer

salesperson secretary professor

sales manager security guard word processor

B Match the information in columns A, B, and C

a salesperson for an airline builds houses

a chef in a restaurant cares for patients

a flight attendant for a construction company answers the phone

a carpenter in a hospital cooks food

a receptionist in a department store serves passengers

C Pair work

Take turns describing each person's job

"She's a salesperson She works in a department store She sells clothes."

D Write 10 sentences describing your job and your family members’ jobs

Travel tips

Vocabulary Building

Exercise 3.8 Check the following words in a dictionary and complete the

sentences with the words given

Death A funeral An odd/even number Greedy

Give

presents

Accept presents

Immediately Western

countries

a In some countries like China, for example, it’s polite to ………a

present once or twice before accepting it

b If you accept it immediately, people might think you’re ………

c You should ……… with both hands, not just one hand

d In places like Thailand and Vietnam, it’s very ……… to open a

present immediately

e In Japan you must never give anything you can cut with, like

……… or scissors

f In both Japanese and Chinese the word 4 means “……… ”

g In countries like Turkey, for example, you shouldn’t give your

……… white flowers

h People give white flowers at ………

Exercise 3.9 Read each sentence and determine the meaning of the word using

cross sentence clues or your prior knowledge Then, explain what clues in the sentence helped you determine the word meaning