Tác động của việc sử dụng các trang web esl efl đối với việc học tiếng anh trường hợp đối tượng sinh viên năm ba của trường đại học ngoại ngữ huế

TABLE OF CONTENT SUB COVER PAGE STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ACKOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF CHARTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background .6 1.2 Topic 1.3 Aims of the study 1.4 Research questions 1.5 Significance of the study 1.6 Scope of the study 1.7 Brief outline of the thesis .10 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 11 2.1 Review of the previous studies 11 2.2 Theoretical background .15 2.2.1 Internet and website 15 2.2.2 ESL/ EFL websites 17 2.2.2.1 What are ESL/ EFL websites 17 2.2.2.2 Characteristics of an ESL/ EFL website 18 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 20 3.1 Research methods 20 3.2 Participants 20 3.3 Instruments & procedures of data collection 21 3.3.1 Instruments .21 3.3.1.1 Questionnaires 21 3.3.1.2 Interview 22 3.3.2 Procedures of data collection 22 3.3.2.1 Piloting the questionnaire: 22 3.3.2.2 Collecting data 23 3.3.3 Data analysis .24 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 25 4.1 The results from the questionnaires 25 4.1.2 Students’ perception on using ESL/ EFL websites to learn English .27 4.1.3 Students’ interest areas 30 4.1.4 The effectiveness and advantages of using ESL/ EFL websites 33 4.1.5 Problems and difficulties 39 4.1.5.1 Sub-cluster 1: Problems and difficulties with facility .39 4.1.5.2: Sub-cluster 2: Problems and difficulties with using ESL/ EFL websites 41 4.2 Results from the interview 46 4.3 Chapter summary 53 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS 55 5.1 Summary of the findings .55 5.2 Implications for the administrators .57 websites to improve their English 57 5.3 Implications for EFL teachers 57 5.4 Implications for the learners 58 5.5 Contribution of the study 59 5.6 Limitations of the study 60 5.7 Suggestions for future research 60 5.8 Conclusions 61 REFERENCE 63 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ELT: English Language Teaching ESL: English as Second Language EFL: English as A Foreign Language HUCFL: Hue College of Foreign Languages SLA: Second Language Acquisition SPSS: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1: Items categorized in the questionnaire…………………………… 21 Table 3.2: Reliability Statistics of the piloted questionnaire………………… 23 Table 3.3: Reliability Statistics of the questionnaires………………………… 23 Table 4.1: Some popular ESL/ EFL websites ………………………………… 27 Table 4.2: Mean of cluster 1…………………………… ……………………… 28 Table 4.3: Students’ perceptions on using ESL/ EFL websites……………… 28 Table 4.4: The effectiveness of using ESL/EFL websites on increasing students’ motivation…………………………… ………………… 29 Table 4.5: Students’ interest areas… …………………………… …………… 31 Table 4.6: The mean score of cluster 3…………………………… ………… 33 Table 4.7: The effectiveness and advantages of using ESL/ EFL websites…… 34 Table 4.8: Updated vocabulary…………………………… ………………… 37 Table 4.9: Problems and difficulties with facility…………………………… 39 Table 4.10: Problems and difficulties with using ESL/ EFL websites………… 41 LIST OF CHARTS Chart 4.1: Number of times students get on line per week 25 Chart 4.2: Average number of hours spent on line each time 26 Chart 4.3: Using ESL/EFL websites to learn English is interesting 29 Chart 4.4: Using ESL/EFL websites is waste of time 30 Chart 4.5: Students’ interest in grammar field 32 Chart 4.6: ESL/ EFL websites contain an enormous material resource 35 Chart 4.7: Learn English naturally 36 Chart 4.8: Improve pronunciation 36 Chart 4.9: ESL/ EFL websites help students gain updated vocabulary 37 Chart 4.10: ESL/ EFL websites give students the answers for problems in English 38 Chart 4.11: ESL/ EFL websites help improve writing skill 38 Chart 4.12: Difficulty in finding a computer 40 Chart 4.13: Difficulty with the cost of accessing Internet 41 Chart 4.14: Difficulty with the lack of teachers' instructions 42 Chart 4.15: Many things distract from learning 43 Chart 4.16: Using ESL/ EFL websites to learn English online takes too much time 44 Chart 4.17: Percentage of students hardly understand instruction on ESL/EFL websites 45 Chart 4.18: Learning English online is new 46 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION This chapter introduces the setting of the problem of the study Then the research questions the study based on are listed The purposes as well as the scope of the study are also reported The last part of this chapter presents the brief outline of the research 1.1 Background Nowadays, Internet and technology play an important role in our life From the businesses, the organizations, the companies to each household, Internet becomes very popular and available Applying Internet in working, teaching and learning is encouraged In fact, Internet has changed the way we communicate, work and study With the assistance of Internet, our life becomes more and more convenient Internet really impacts on many fields in our society One of the areas getting a lot of benefits from the development of Internet and technology is education Teaching and learning in general and teaching and learning English in particular are more and more effective with the support of the Internet and technology As a source of authentic materials, a place for publication of material produced in the classroom and a tool for intercultural communication, Internet is really a powerful tool which allows us to access “a large amount of potentially useful information whenever and wherever the Internet is available” (Baniabdelrahman, Bataineh & Bataineh, 2007) In the teaching and learning process, the update on information and materials is very necessary to both teachers and learners in keeping with the requirement and development of the society With the unlimited connecting and sharing ability, Internet provides a plentiful resource of materials for the teaching and learning, especially the English teaching and learning Additionally, in the development of the teaching and learning process, the role of teachers and learners has changed Teachers no longer play the authority or the center of the class They are now as the facilitators, instructors who give the instructions, the ways to help the learners discover and acquire knowledge by themselves Students also become more and more active; they are the center of the class, the main subject of the learning process They not only receive knowledge from the teacher but also find their own ways to enrich their knowledge outside the school As for learning English, students can improve their English by many ways such as watching video, listening to music in English or reading English stories, communicating with the foreigners, etc And now, with the Internet, the English learning is easier than ever Internet combines everything from videos, music, stories to activities, games which are very interesting and useful for English learners In fact, Internet not only helps students learn English better but also motivates them in the learning English process (Rico & Vinagre, 2000; Shin & Shon, 2007) However, it is not easy for students to find the suitable English resources in the immense information on the Internet In addition, many things on the Internet are not good for students or may distract them from their learning Students need the effective tools to improve their English efficiently and also save their time Therefore, ESL/ EFL (English as Second language/ English as foreign language) websites is one of the best choice to solve the problem Founded by the English teacher or Educational organizations, ESL/ EFL websites is really helpful for students learning English online With a lot of advantages, ESL/ EFL websites are interested in and welcomed by both English teachers and learners Many ESL/ EFL websites have been used and become familiar with the English teachers and learners such as Dave’s Café, englishclub.com, britishcouncil.org, etc In Viet Nam, using Internet is more and more popular According to the report of Vietnam Internet Network Information Center, in 2006 there was 17.67% of the Vietnamese population using Internet Until 8/ 2011, after nearly years, this number has increased to 34.67% (cited in http://www.thongkeinternet.vn).This number reflects the rapid speed of the development of Internet in Vietnam Internet has appeared in most fields and has a positive role in the social life Applying Internet and technology in teaching and learning is getting more important Internet offers the teaching and learning a big chance to approach the updated and realistic resources Therefore, the teaching and learning becomes more interesting and more effective, especially the teaching and learning English At the present, besides learning English at school, the English learners in Vietnam have a favorable condition to improve their English through Internet As for a country in which English is a foreign language, Internet is really an effective way to help Vietnamese students approach to the authentic and realistic English resources With the development of learning online, the English learners in Vietnam are now more and more familiar with using ESL/ EFL websites in their learning To the students of Hue College of Foreign Languages, using Internet in finding and searching information and materials for English learning is not new, especially the English major students For the purposes of improving English skills in general and finding teaching materials for English major of pedagogy in particular, ESL/EFL websites can be considered as a wonderful tool However, whether or not the English major students of HUCFL think ESL/EFL websites are really useful, what difficulties students may encounter and what they need when using the ESL/EFL websites in their English learning process To solve these problems and find out the effective way to apply ESL/EFL websites in teaching English, I carry out the study on the effect of ESL/EFL websites to the English learning of English major students at HUCFL 1.2 Topic “The impact of using some ESL/ EFL websites on English language learning: The case of the third year students at HUCFL” 1.3 Aims of the study This study is carried out with the aims of exploring the effectiveness of using ESL/ EFL websites in learning English of students at HUCFL and discovering the difficulties they may encounter In addition, the study wants to have deep insight into students’ need from ESL/ EFL websites in order to make their learning more effectively 1.4 Research questions More specifically, I want to focus on these following research questions: What are students’ perceptions on using ESL/ EFL websites on English language learning? How the ESL/ EFL websites help students in their English learning? What difficulties students encounter when they use the ESL/ EFL websites? 1.5 Significance of the study The result of this study will help the English teachers know more about the students’ perspectives in using ESL/ EFL websites And the suggestions and ideas from the participants will be useful for teachers in using ESL/ EFL websites in teaching English 1.6 Scope of the study This study will be conducted in the HUCFL and the participants are the third year English major students My study is focused on: The effects of ESL/ EFL websites on the third year English major at HUCFL in learning English The difficulties students encounter and implications for the teachers 1.7 Brief outline of the thesis The study consists of chapters Chapter provides the setting and background of the study The research questions which the study are based on are presented Literature review and some theoretical background are done in chapter Chapter presents the methodology based on which the project was carried out Chapter continues with the findings and discussions And the last chapter deals with the project summary, implications and suggestions for further study 10 As for S5, ESL/ EFL websites brought to her a plentiful source of IELTS materials which was really useful for her Moreover, she also said that learning on these websites, the listening skill and pronunciation were much better Another interviewed student commented that using ESL/ EFL websites helped her improved both listening and speaking skill This student explained: S7: I think ESL/ EFL websites improve both my listening and speaking Because when I watch the interesting videos on these websites, I not only practice my listening skill but my speaking skill is also improved by imitating the way the characters speak and react (Student interview, 27/4/2012) Having different idea, S2 said that as for her, using ESL/ EFL websites did not have much effectiveness S2 said: In fact, using ESL/ EFL websites is not really effective for me Because I hardly pay attention to study when I access these websites, there are so much interesting things distract me out of my learning (Student interview, 27/4/2012) It is clear that although using ESL/ EFL websites is considered as an effective way to learn English, not all students can achieve full of benefits from this learning method 4.2.4: The need of teachers’ instructions when using ESL/ EFL websites As discussed in 4.5.2, the lack of teachers’ instructions in using ESL/ EFL websites is the most difficult to most participants However, this question received 51 quite a lot of controversial opinion from the interviewed students They also gave different reasons to prove their ideas Supporting the help of the teachers, S1 emphasized: Teachers play an important role in guiding students in using ESL/ EFL websites Because teachers have a great deal of experience in using ESL/ EFL websites, they can give us the advice to use ESL/ EFL websites more effectively and also show us the useful and interesting ESL/ EFL websites to improve English (Student interview, 27/4/2012) Sharing the same idea with S1, S2 and S4 stated that teachers played an important role in instructing students how to use ESL/ EFL websites effectively They also agreed that with the experience in using ESL/ EFL websites, teachers can offer them the better websites to improve English In another point of view, S3 expressed her thought that: These websites are designed carefully to be suitable for a large of audiences These instructions are clear and understandable Hence, learners can learn from these websites without the help from the teachers (Student interview, 27/4/2012) S5 also had a similar opinion with S3 In addition, S5 added: I think ESL/ EFL websites is just like a tool for self-study so that we not really need the instructions from the teachers What we need is available on the 52 websites; we just discover the suitable way to use ESL/ EFL websites effectively (Student interview, 27/4/2012) More confident, S7 said: As for me, I not need the instructions of the teachers because I know how to use them effectively (Student interview, 27/4/2012) With the development of teaching and learning process, the learner-centered is more paid attention to Students now are more creative and more active in their learning Moreover, at the present, the learning process is supported by many tools such as videos, computer, Internet, etc.; students, therefore, can improve knowledge by themselves However, if teachers can support students more, they can achieve the better results Although there are many controversial opinions, connecting with the results from the questionnaire, it cannot deny the important role of the teachers’ instructions for students to use ESL/ EFL websites more effectively 4.3 Chapter summary Although there were still some slight different findings from the questionnaire and interview, the results proved that most students hold positive attitude towards using ESL/ EFL websites in learning English Using ESL/ EFL websites to learn English now becomes familiar with most students Students themselves also discovered a lot of effectiveness the ESL/ EFL websites brought to However, it is a pity that most of them just used ESL/ EFL websites to practice the listening skill Moreover, some difficulties and problems students encountered in using ESL/EFL websites decreased the effectiveness of this learning method Therefore, students still 53 have not taken the full advantages of these websites In the last part of this chapter students’ problems and difficulties were discussed in order to find out the solutions to make the use of ESL/ EFL websites in learning English more and more effectively 54 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This chapter provides the brief summary of the study, and from the findings of the study, it suggests some implications for both teachers and learners Then, some limitations of the study are raised and from that it gives some recommendations for further studies The last is the conclusion of the study 5.1 Summary of the findings This study was carried out to investigate the impact of using ESL/ EFL websites to the learning English of the third year students at Hue college of foreign languages Through this study, the researcher investigated students’ perception on using ESL/ EFL websites in their English learning In addition, the research also explored the interest areas of the students and found out the effectiveness ESL/ EFL websites bring to the learners Furthermore, the difficulties and problems the learners encounter in their using ESL/ EFL websites were discovered to make the use of ESL/ EFL websites in learning English more effective After the data were collected and analyzed, the study showed the following major findings: First, the results from both qualitative data and quantitative data indicated that most of the learners had positive perceptions towards using ESL/ EFL websites in learning English They all agreed that using ESL/ EFL websites was an effective and interesting way to improve English Moreover, the learners identified that using ESL/ EFL websites helped them learn English independently without stress and the restriction of time and space These conveniences of the ESL/ EFL websites make it become more and more useful and popular to the learners In terms of interest areas, the research found that the main interest area of the students when using ESL/ EFL websites is to practice listening skill Apart from the 55 reason that the learners want to improve their listening, the requirement of the teachers is one of the main factors affected the choice of area of students when using ESL/ EFL websites Following the listening, reading, grammar, slangs and idioms as well as watching video also received a lot of attention What is surprising is that playing games is considered the less favorite area in the list of areas given by the researcher In the reality, game always plays an important role in the classroom Most of the students from young learners to adult learners are all interested in playing game Through the game, students can study interestingly This is possibly because of the students’ learning purposes They may want to spend the time online to improve their weakness in learning English process Thanks to the ESL/ EFL websites, the learners got a lot of benefits Most students revealed that ESL/ EFL websites include an enormous resource of material which is helpful for them to learn English naturally Using ESL/ EFL websites improved their English so much, especially listening skill Besides that, they also reported that with the assistance of the ESL/ EFL websites, the reading skill and vocabulary were improved a lot Students appreciate the convenience of using ESL/ EFL websites which helps them learn English more easily Thus when they have difficulties in the learning English, they can find out the explanation from these website without bothering their teachers at inappropriate time Coming to the part of problems and difficulties, the findings indicated that using ESL/ EFL websites to learn English is now familiar with most students Students, therefore, have not many problems with using ESL/ EFL websites Moreover, it is not surprising that students now have fewer difficulties in finding a computer to access the Internet or worry about the cost of using Internet because the life is more and more sufficient The most difficulty to students when using ESL/ EFL websites is the lack of teachers’ instructions However, there are some different beliefs about this opinion These students expressed that they could use ESL/ EFL websites by themselves without the help of the teachers This partially showed the independent and 56 active role of students in their learning Apart from the lack of teacher’s instructions, the attraction from other interesting things on Internet is one of the most obstacles preventing students from paying attention to their study on ESL/ EFL websites 5.2 Implications for the administrators The finding results showed that students were familiar with using ESL/EFL websites in their learning English Moreover, using ESL/EFL websites to learn English can be done at anytime where the Internet is available Students can take the full advantage of the Internet in their meantime if there is the Wifi network or the system of connected Internet computer Therefore, the universities and colleges should equip the Wifi or Internet to facilitate accessing ESL/EFL websites to improve their English Besides, it is important to pay attention to the quality of the Internet or Wifi connection at colleges and universities As the finding results reflected the slow connection is an obstacle to accessing ESL/EFL websites in the learning process So, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of Internet connection in order not to affect to students learning In addition, although students now are quite good at Internet and technology, they still have problems in using ESL/EFL websites in learning Thus, universities and colleges should have computer rooms which have Internet connection They are very helpful for both teachers and learners in using ESL/EFL websites in the English teaching and learning in particular and other languages in general 5.3 Implications for EFL teachers The study findings reveal that using ESL/ EFL websites to learn English is approved by most of the students Therefore, teachers should encourage and facilitate 57 students developing their English through this learning way Furthermore, teachers should recommended some useful websites to students and give students more chance to discover the ESL/EFL websites at first by asking them the exercises or take part in the activities on some websites so that students have chance to be familiar with this learning method as well as focus more on their learning Moreover, the results of the study indicated that most students admitted they really need teachers’ instructions when using ESL/ EFL websites For this reason, it is recommended that teachers themselves should discover these ESL/ EFL websites to have deep insight about its advantages and disadvantages as well as gain more experiences in using ESL/EFL websites Based on their own experiences, the teachers can support as well as instruct students using ESL/EFL websites more effectively One more suggestion for the teachers is using of ESL/ EFL websites in the teaching English By creating an ESL/ EFL website or using an available ESL/ EFL website, teachers can give the activities which are more suitable for their students so that the teaching and learning English will be more interesting and effective 5.4 Implications for the learners Using ESL/ EFL websites is considered as an effective and interesting way to learn English However, in order to get the higher results when using these sites, students should be noticed some points: Firstly, as the findings indicated, students were usually distracted by many factors on the Internet such as films, games, social networks, etc., so they hardly focused on their learning For this reason, it is strongly recommended that students should set the detailed timetable and be determined to concentrate on study in order to avoid time consuming 58 Secondly, an enormous resource of materials is a strong point of ESL/EFL websites; however, this may cause students to skip from one activity to another which they feel more interested in As a result, using ESL/EFL websites seems not to be effective with them Hence, when using ESL/EFL websites to improve English, students need to determine their own purposes clearly Then they can choose the websites which support their purposes For example, if students want to improve their listening, they should choose the websites paying special attention to listening such as VOA, BBC, etc With the clear purpose at first, the effectiveness of using ESL/EFL websites in learning English will be better Last but not least, the difficulties in lacking experiences in choosing and using ESL/EFL websites is one of the factors that influenced the students’ results Therefore, students can share experience in using ESL/ EFL websites together to find out the good websites as well as gain the ideas to use ESL/ EFL websites more efficiently And students can ask teachers to have more instructions as well as experience in using ESL/ EFL websites 5.5 Contribution of the study Up to now, in the world there are many researches about using ESL/ EFL websites in English teaching and learning However, in Viet Nam there are not many studies on this field Most studies mainly focused on the effectiveness of the Internet on the teaching and learning in general This study, therefore, is supposed to gain some insights into the specific area that is using ESL/ EFL websites in English learning Moreover, the study investigated the students’ perceptions on using ESL/ EFL websites as well as discovered the problems and difficulties students encountered It is expected that this study can contribute further popularity and effectiveness of using ESL/ EFL websites in both English learning and English teaching 59 5.6 Limitations of the study  First of all, the scale of the study was limited to the third year students of English major at Hue College of Foreign languages As a consequence, it is not potential to generalize the findings of the study to students of other colleges, especially the college of foreign languages in other cities or provinces  In addition, the number of students interviewed is only Thus, their opinions may not stand for the opinions of the whole students For this reason, there are still some slight differences between the results from the questionnaire and interview  Finally, the research just investigated the impacts of the ESL/ EFL websites in general to the English learning Therefore, it has not discovered the effectiveness of the ESL/ EFL websites to the specific skill such as listening or writing 5.7 Suggestions for future research Based on the limitations of this study as mentioned above, some recommendations for future research can be as follows:  Since this study was only carried out at the Hue College of foreign languages, the further research can conduct the research in different colleges and compare the results together to see the similarities and differences between the perceptions of students at different colleges  As mentioned above, this study investigated students’ perceptions on using ESL/ EFL websites to learn English in general Therefore, the further research 60 can investigate the effectiveness of using some specific ESL/ EFL websites on English learning such as the impacts of using ESL/ EFL websites on listening skill or writing skill, etc  Another suggestion for future study is that teachers should choose some ESL/ EFL websites and record the development of students when using these websites In fact, this will be one of the popular methods of teaching English in the future 5.8 Conclusions Nowadays, learning English becomes more and more convenient with the support of the Internet and technology The development of the Internet and technology has created the favorable conditions for students enhance their English ability In the varieties of learning tools, using ESL/ EFL websites is one of the useful and interesting ways to learn English From this study, it is obvious that students are well aware of the great significance of using ESL/ EFL websites to improve English However, to make the use of ESL/ EFL websites really effective, it requires the effort from not only the learners but also the teachers As Kung & Chuo (2002, p.2), suggested “despite the abundance of resources on the Internet, those resources are not likely to be useful unless the students can locate them and know how to use them to enhance their language learning experience” It is clear that the learners need to have obvious target when deciding to choose ESL/ EFL websites to learn English Therefore, they can pay special attention to their study without being attracted by other factors Furthermore, the teachers as instructors, facilitators should share experience and give advice in using ESL/ EFL websites to the students In addition, the encouragement from the teachers will motivate students use ESL/ EFL websites for their learning English As a result, students can take full advantages from these websites 61 In fact, with many advantages, ESL/ EFL websites are not only useful for English learning but also for English teaching Hence, if ESL/ EFL websites can be invested and developed, it can bring the great effectiveness for both teachers and learners in the English teaching and learning process 62 REFERENCE Baniabdelrahman, A.A, Bataineh, R.F & Bataineh, R.F (2007) An exploratory study of Jordanian EFL students’ perceptions of their use of the Internet International Journal of Education and 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