226 technologies (combined cycle gas turbines) that use imported liquefied natural gas would play a pivotal role in Vietnam’s transformation to a sustainable development path 6 6 Summary of Key Findin[.]
226 technologies (combined-cycle gas turbines) that use imported liquefied natural gas would play a pivotal role in Vietnam’s transformation to a sustainable development path 6.6 Summary of Key Findings During the period 2014–2030, the socio-economic outcomes in all the scenarios would generally improve, with an annual economic growth between 5.3% and 7.0%, and job opportunities ranging between 8.1% and 9.2%; there would be a modest improvement in trade balance though, and even less improvement in investment efficiency Accordingly, the environmental impact would be significantly worsened in most scenarios with the increase of the CO2 emissions per capita per annum in average between 11% (3.8 tons) and 16% (5 tons) Regarding energy–food–water security, the following key points highlight the main findings Despite marginal contribution to economic growth, the SC1 BAU scenario causes significant negative impacts on the security of energy–food–water, especially on water efficiency and food affordability In sector-centric scenarios (SC2, SC3, and SC4), sectoral securities improve, while cross-sectoral securities worsen The energy–food–water nexus scenario (SC5) achieves the highest positive impacts on food, water, and energy security, while also generating the highest economic output However, a major concern of SC5 is the significant CO emissions, which would negatively impact the environment By leveraging all the strengths of SC5, the SC6 Low Carbon scenario focuses on reducing CO2 emissions yet is also consistent with the energy–food–water nexus approach in balancing investment in all sectors The following policy-relevant inferences are derived from the results presented in this chapter: As a resource-centric economy, Vietnam’s socio-economic development is irretrievably tied to the security of energy, food, and water Compared to individual-sector scenarios, the nexus scenario (SC6 Low Carbon scenario) is the most reliable and sustainable pathway for Vietnam