Đầu tư phát triển tại công ty cổ phần xây dựng quản lý dự án hi end giai đoạn 2006 2020

Il TRUONG DAI KINH TE QUOC DAN ■ HOC ■ 8DK>OG8Ga DAI HOC' K.T.Q.D TT THONG TIN THU’VIEN PHONG LUAN AN-TL" LIEU LE THIHAILY * DAU TIT PHAT TRIEN TAI CONG TY CO PHAN XAY DUNG & QUAN LY DD AN HI - END GIAI DOAN 2006 - 2020 Chuyen nganh: Kinh te dau tu LUAN VAN THAC SI KINH TE WS : 96(73 Ngtfdi hitdng dan khoa hoc: TS NGUYEN THI THU HA HA AOI, AAJI 2014 If LCH CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan day la luan van duoc thirc hien doc lap cua ban than vdi str giup cua giao vien hudng dan Nhirng thong tin, so lieu, du lieu dua luan van duoc trich dan ro rang, day du ve nguon goc Qua trinh thu thap va xu ly du lieu cua ca nhan dam bao khach quan va trung thuc Tac gia Le Thi Hai Ly J YEU CAU CUA HOI DONG CHAM LUAN VAN THAC SI VE • • • Nhung diem can sua chua bo sung truoc nop luan van chinh thuc cho Vien dao tao Sau dai hoc G.w ur/i g& ZSZxz? .KZlfe rpm i L d^ X.tL ^^ ^.^.< ^£1.^ ■ • _ in'fj.iHra; &.2fC d!eid r.ac dtfE/iL cd:L£.( r:L ngoai thi noi dung trinh bay nguon von ben ngoai theo mo hinh 2.1 la chua du Can bo AZ A Z sung cac nguon von cho du ve ly thuyet Thur ba, So to churc Cong ty CP ve theo so 31 chua dung Co ong PGD lung lo khong lien ket gi voi cac phong ban la khong dung mo hinh true tuyen churc nang Thu tu, bang 3.10 “Doi ngu nhan su tir 2006-2013” co the xemn la keesdt qua cua hoat dong dau tu phat trien NNL (muc 4) khong nen dua b phan noi dung DTPT NNL Thu 5, can chi tiet them cac noi dung ve “DTPT KHCN” va “dau tu cho hoat dong marketing” Vi tieu muc chua co so lieu ve cac khoan muc chi tiet Thu 6, Cac giai phap dua nhieu, du cac noi dung nhung chua phan tich sau Giai phap khong sai nhung khong tap trung, tarn, chua chi duoc yeu kern chinh, chua dua cac giai phap cu the de khac phuc No van chung chung AXX ' ' ~ r r Ve ket cau va van phong Luan van co loi viet ro rang, logic, it loi Ket cau chuong muc phu hop voi noi dung nghien cuu Ket luan Vdi phuong phap nghien cuu khoa hoc, luan van da giai quyet tot muc tieu nghien cuu Luan van he thong hoa kha day du nhung van de ly thuyet lien quan, phan tich ro thuc trang, tren co so do, dua cac giai phap co ban nham tang cubng dau tu phat trien tai Cong ty Co phan Xay dirng & Quan ly du* an HI-END Tuy mot so Siem can ban them, nhung cong cua luan van la co ban Luan van dap ung tot cac yeu cau cua mot luan van tot nghiep bac cao hoc Tac gia luan an xung dang duoc nhan hoc vi thac sy kinh te Ha noi, 22/11/2014 Ngirdi phan bien PGS TS Tir Quang Phuong Nhan xet Luan van thac si • • •? • *? A “Dau twphat trien tai cdng ty cd phan xay dung & quan ly dir an Hi - Endgiai doan 2006-2020” Ho va ten hoc sinh: Nguyen Thi Hai Ly Chuyen nganh: Kinh te Dau tu Ho va ten nguai nhan xet: Tien si Tran Kim Chung Chuc danh hoi dong: Phan bien Sir can thiet cua de tai a r r t Dau tu phat trien la mot noi dung qua doi < vdi tat ca cac chu the ien kinh te cung nhu cac van de xa hoi Mot quoc gia, mot vung lanh tho, mot ioanh nghiep, mot gia dinh, mot nguai luon can dau tu phat trien r r a a A A A A Cac nghien cuu ve dau tu phat trien cho cac chu the xa hoi la khong co iiem dung Viec nghien cuu dau tu phat trien cho mot doanh nghiep luon can thiet :ho chinh doanh nghiep ve mat phat trien dong thai gop phan cho cac doc gia pan tarn g A A A AZ 7 A A Vi vay, nghien cuu ve dau tu phat trien tai cong ty cd phan & quan ly du an di-End la can thiet r ! Nhung ket qua dat duoc Ngoai phan Md dau va Ket luan, tai lieu tham khao, luan van bo cue huang: TdUONG 1: TONG QUAN NGHIEN CUU DE TAI 1.1 Tinh cap thiet cua de tai r a 1.2 Tong quan cac cong trinh nghien cuu co lien quan den de tai 1.3 Muc dich nghien cuu 1.4 Doi tuqng va pham vi nghien cuu 1.5 Phuong phap nghien cuu r r 1.6 Ket cau luan van HUONG 2: LY LUAN CO BAN VE DAU TU PHAT TRIEN TAI DOANH NGHIEP AY DUNG 2.1 Khai niem, dac diem, vai trri cua dau tu phat trien tai doanh nghiep xay lung v, A ? A 2.2 Nguon von dau tu phat trien tai doanh nghiep xay dung A 2.3 Noi dung dau tu phat trien tai doanh nghiep xay dung A Z 2.4 Cae chi tieu danh gi a ke t qua va hi eu qua dau tu tai doanh ngniep xay lung Z Z A 2.5 Cacch an to anh tiuoug dS n qo at ng nau tu phat trien t^i anh ng high cay dung 2HU0NG 3: THUC TRANG HOAT DONG DAU TU PHAT TRIEN TAI CONG TY 20 PHAN XAY DUNG & QUAN LY DU AN HI - END GIAI DOAN 2006-2013 7 A 3.1 Dac diem cua cong ty co phan xay dung & quan ly du an Hi-End anh huring ien hoat dong dtu tu phat trien A A 3.2 Thuc trang hoat dong dau tu phat trien tai Cong ty co phan xay dung & quan y du Co Hi - End giai doan 2006-2013 3.3 Dcnh gic hoat dong dau tu tai Cong ty co phan xay dung & quan ly du cn Hi ind 2HU0NG 4: MOT SO GIAI PHAP NHAM TANG CUdNG DAU TU PHAT TRIEN CAI CONG TY CO PHAN XAY DUNG & QUAN LY DU AN HI - END DEN NAM •020 4.1 Dinh huong hoat dong dau tu phat trien tai Cong ty Go phan xay dung & quan y du Co Hi - End dqn nam 2020 4.2 Mot s0 giai phap nham tang curing dau tu phat trien tai Cong ty co phan xay ung & quan ly du cn Hi - End z z BO cuc la hop ly - Day la mot kqt qua cua Luan van cho mot nghien cuu i cao hoc vien Thu hai, luan van da trinh bay duoc cac van de ly luan lien quan dqn dau tu hat then lam nen tang cho luan van Noi dung kha tOt, qucn triet duoc ccc van : lien quan dqn dau tu phat trien A Ba la, luan van da co phan soct hoat dong cua doanh nghiep Hi End Phan lich thuc trang va danh gic hoat dong la nhung kqt qua cua Luan van z z z z •On la, luan van da dua duoc mot sO kiqn nghi giai phap dqn nam 2000 cho Hi nd Ccc kiqn nghi la kha thi I Nhung ton tai, han che » x r / r Thur nhat, x xluan van khong co phan khao sat cac kinh nghiem quoc te va lirdc ve van de dau tu phat trien doanh nghiep de lam bai hoc cho doanh nghiep Ii-end Viec la can thiet cho mot luan van tot nghiep Dau rang, viec soat lhung nghien cuu cung loai da dune de cap den phan Chuomg I nhung hai van te la khac Viec soat cac nghien cuu de tim khoangx cho luan 'an khac vai soat de tim cac bai hoc Vi vay, neu co dune phan kinh nghiem hi de tai se tot hem rat nhieu x 7 r x r \ r r X x ■» Hai la, phan danh gia viec dau tu phat trien cua doanh nghiep Hi end kha •» x r Ba la, sau co du dinh ve trien vong, truoc dua nhung kien nghi giai >hap can co duqc mot phan luan ve cac van de co lien quan den cac rang buoc Vcri ihtrng co so khoa hoc, kinh nghiem quoc te, ton tai han che, muc tieu trien vong, co ihung van de gi dat lien quan den cac diem manh, diem yeu, ccr hoi, thach thuc ua Hi end de tu co huong kien nghi giai phap x x x x r r r x r r Bon la, cac giai phap can huong toi giai quyet nhung van de ton tai, han che ua doanh nghiep Hi end horn la cac doanh nghiep noi chung Viec dua cac giai hap chung la can thiet nhung cac giai phap cu the cua doanh nghiep Hi end mod la ich den cua cac giai phap Nam la, mot so loi chinh ta va hanh van can duoc chinh sua Cac doan van lot cau can ducrc soat, xem xet, sua doi de luan van tot horn Ket luan Luan van dat ducrc yeu cau cua mot luan van thac si Can chinh sua theo ket tan cua Hoi dong trucrc nop quyen X a Noi, 28 thang 11 nam 2014 han bien S Tran Kim Chung MUC • LUC • LOI CAM DOAN ii CHUONG 1: TONG QUAN NGHIEN CUXJ DE TAI 1.1 Tinh cap thiet cua de tai 1.2 Tong quan cac cong trinh nghien ciru cd lien quan den de tai 1.3 Muc dich nghien cuu 1.4 Doi tupng va pham vi nghien cuu 1.5 Phuong phap nghien cuu 1.6 Ket cau luan van CHUONG 2: LY LUt0I CO BAN VE DAU TU PHAT TRIEN TAI DOANH NGHIEP XAY DUNG 2.1 Khai niem, dac diem, vai tro cua dau tu* phat trien tai doanh nghiep xay dung 2.1.1 Khai niem ve doanh nghiep xay dung 2.1.2 Khai niem hoat dong dau tu phat trien tai doanh nghiep xay dung 2.1.3 Nhung dac diem co ban cua dau tu phat trien tai doanh nghiep xay dung 2.1.4 Vai trd cua dau tu phat trien tai doanh nghiep xay dung 2.1.5 Quan ly hoat dong dau tu tai doanh nghiep xay dung 10 2.2 Nguon von dau tu’ phat trien tai doanh nghiep xay dung 11 2.3 Noi dung dau tir phat trien tai doanh nghiep xay dung 15 2.3.1 Dau tu tai san co dinh 15 2.3.2 Dau tu hang ton trtr 16 2.3.3 Dau tu phat trien nguon nhan luc 17 2.3.4 Dau tu phat trien cong nghe 18 2.3.5 Dau tu vao Marketing va tai san vo hinh khac 20 2.4 Cac chi tieu danh gia ket qua va hieu qua dau tu* tai doanh nghiep xay dung 21 2.4.1 Chi tieu danh gia ket qua dau tu 21 86 -0 - , dung de nang cao nang suat, chat luong cong trinh Thach thuc (T) Ket hop Diem manh va Ket hop Diem yeu - Canh tranh cang gay Thach thirc gat giua cac doanh nghiep va Thach thirc - Chien luge dau tu ddi mdi Dung chien luge - Nen kinh te toan cau dang cong nghe de du sue canh suy giam dau tu cac ddi mat vdi tinh trang tranh Co ke hoach quan ly khung hoang kinh te, lam linh vuc ma cong ty hoat dong dau tu chat che kinh doanh khdng phat gia tang keo theo gia de dau tu co hieu qua va la mang lai lgi nhuan cac nguyen vat lieu cung trd co sd ve chinh sach gia de cao nen bien dong kho luong, thu hut khach hang, du sue gia cua nguyen vat lieu tang canh tranh se gay anh hudng khdng - Tim kiem, chu dong dugc nhd den chinh sach dau tu cac nguon nguyen vat lieu hang ton tru cua cong ty chat lugng tot ma gia ca phu hgp de dau tu hang ton tru a Diem manh (S-Strength) Tuy chiu anh hudng khong nhd cua cuoc khung hoang kinh te nhung Cong ty van dat muc tieu xay dung Cong ty trd cong ty xay dung tao nhung san pham, dich vu chat luong cao, dep ben vung, hoat dong co hieu qua, tang trudng ben vung Muc tieu tren da duoc xay dung dua tren nhung loi the cua Cong ty nhu sau: - Trong qua trinh phat trien cong ty khdng ngung dau tu may moc thiet bi de phuc vu qua trinh thi cong duoc thuan loi Ngoai de dap ung duoc tien edng trinh cong ty da dau tu mua cac loai may moc co gia tri ldn nhu may lu, may rai, may dam - Cong ty ludn xem nguon nhan luc la luc luong nong cot, vay hang nam cong ty ludn co chien luge dau tu phat trien nguon nhan luc de co doi ngu lao dong tre, sue khoe tot, nang dong Tat ca cac can bo ky thuat, ky su va cong nhan deu co trinh do, hieu ve quy che lao dong, chap hanh tot noi quy cua cong ty Ddi vdi cac 87 nhan vien co trinh nghiep vu tot deu duoc ky hop dong dai han tao su gan bo lau dai vdi cong ty Ben canh do, cdng ty luon bo tuc trinh cho can bo cdng nhan vien ve ky thuat mdi, ve ngoai ngu nen trinh chuyen mon cang duoc nang cao de dap ung duoc yeu cau cdng viec - Cdng ty da xay dung cac quy trinh mua sam vat tu, thiet bi; quy trinh kiem soat khoi luong thuc hien, quy trinh toan luong va hang nam cd dinh ky kiem tra iso ve viec thuc hien cac quy trinh Ben canh cdng ty dang tien hanh xay dung quy trinh quan ly hoat dong dau tu de kiem soat chat che qua trinh dau tu bang viec xay dung va thuc hien quy trinh da kiem tra, nang cao hieu qua dau tu b Diemyeu (W-Weaknesses) - Hoat dong marketing cdng ty hien la tu hinh d cac cap lanh dao, khdng xay dung phdng ban marketing rieng Viec su dung cac phuong tien truyen thong de quang cao thuong hieu cho cdng ty hien cdn han che Tuy cdng ty da thiet ke dong phuc, bieu tuong cua cdng ty nhung viec tham gia cac chuong trinh mang tinh chat quang cao, cac hoi thao, hoi nghi de gidi thieu nang luc cua cdng ty hau nhu la chua cd - Hien cdng ty da chu dau tu vao may moc thiet bi nhung ngudn vdn chua nhieu nen chu yeu la may moc thiet bi cu da qua su dung - Bo may gian tiep cua cdng ty kha dong Khi mot cdng trinh bat dau thi cdng > > r thi can phai huy dong nhieu ky su cho cdng tac chuan bi, boc tach khoi luong, boc tach ban ve Qua co the thay rang cdng ty chua dau tu ngudn nhan luc hop ly c Cff hoi (O-Opportunities) - Trude yeu cau hoi nhap kinh te vdi khu vuc va the gidi, gia nhap To chuc Thuong mai the gidi (WTO), thuc day phat trien kinh te nude, nang cao kha nang canh tranh cua nen kinh te, day manh cai each hanh chinh, Luat thue nhap khau da duoc sua ddi, bo sung cho phu hop vdi tinh hinh mdi Luat thue nhap khau giam muc thue doi vdi nhieu mat hang, cd may moc thiet bi vdi nganh xay dung tao co hoi cho cdng ty dau tu trang thiet bi hien dai de phuc vu san xuat, nang cao chat luong san pham 88 - Hien nhu cau va thi hieu ve nganh xay dung rat da dang va cang tang Vi the ca hoi md rong dau tu la rat Ion Cong ty co the dau tu phat trien nhieu nganh nghe thuoc linh vuc xay dung hon de phuc vu cho nhu cau tren -Viet Nam dang co nhung thay doi theo chieu hudng hoi nhap vdi nen kinh te khu vuc va the gioi.Viec doi mdi cdng nghe che tao may va thiet bi phuc vu nganh xay dung cang thay doi va phat trien Hien nha nude da phe duyet quy hoach phat trien nganh cdng nghe che tao thiet bi xay dung de cac doanh nghiep nude cd the tu san xuat duoc mot sd chung loai thiet bi xay dung dat trinh tien tien khu vuc Su thay doi va phat trien dd la mot co hoi tot cho ty dau tu va ap dung de nang cao nang suat, chat luong cdng trinh d Thach thuc (T-Threats) Su khung hoang kinh te xay ra, xay dung la mot nhung nganh bi anh hudng sdm nhat va se phuc hoi cham hon so vdi cac nganh khac Nen kinh te toan cau dang doi mat vdi tinh trang khung hoang kinh te, lam phat gia tang keo dai theo gia ca nguyen vat lieu cung trd nen bien dong kho ludng lam anh hudng den hoat dong dau tu hang ton tru Hien cac cdng ty xay dung va cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh bat dong san xuat hien rat nhieu, day la thach thuc ldn cua cdng ty Cdng ty can phai dau tu nhu the nao cho hop ly, phat huy duoc diem manh cua minh tu dd giup doanh nghiep cd kha nang thang thau cao 4.2 Mot so giai phap nham tang cirong dau tu- phat trien tai Cong ty Cd phan xay dung & quan ly du- an Hi - End r \ 4.2.1 Tang cuong huy dong von dau tw 89 Thu1 nhat, dam bao nguon vdn tu co cua Cong ty dat muc co the tra no va dau tu phat trien vdi ty le tu dau tu dat tren 75% Dam bao tien van hanh cua cac cong trinh xay dung de tang khau hao, dong thdi thuc hien tot cong tac cd phan hoa va dam bao san xuat kinh doanh dat loi nhuan cao nham tu tich luy nguon vdn Khau hao la nguon tu tich luy chinh cua cong ty; cung vdi nguon vdn khau hao co ban, phan ung trudc cua khach hang dat mua nha la nguon vdn chu dao cua cong ty dung de dau tu Cong ty can day manh nguon vdn cho hoat dong dau tu phat trien Day la nguon vdn san co nen cong ty cd the chu dong su dung mot each hop ly Mat khac, chi phi su dung vdn thap hon nhieu so vdi nguon vdn tin dung Trong thdi gian tdi, cong ty nen tang cudng nguon vdn thong qua viec tiet kiem hop ly cac loai chi phi nhu: chi phi quan ly, chi phi san xuat kinh doanh Thong qua se giu lai duoc mot ty ldn loi nhuan khdng chia de su dung cho hoat dong dau tu phat trien Thu- hai, cong ty cung can su dung hieu qua nguon vdn tarn thdi nhan roi doanh nghiep de dau tu, dac biet la nguon vdn khau hao co ban De cd duoc co the ma van dam bao cd lai Ben canh do, mot nhung phuong phap huy dong vdn co ban la tang cudng huy dong nguon vdn vay tir can bo cong nhan vien cong ty Trong nhung nam gan day, thu nhap cua can bo cong nhan vien cong ty dat dupe d muc kha cao Nd khdng chi dam bao tot hon ve chat luong song ma cdn tao dieu kien cho ngudi lao dong co kha nang tiet kiem nhieu hon Day la mot nguon vdn cd nhieu tiem nang, hon nua lai cd chi phi su dung vdn thap hon vay tin dung va dem lai hieu qua cao cho cong ty Neu day manh va thuc hien tot viec huy dong nguon vdn khdng nhung bo sung mot luong vdn ldn cho hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua cong ty ma cd tac dung thuc day y thuc lam viec cua can bo cong nhan vien, gan chat quyen loi cua ho vdi hieu qua san xuat kinh doanh cua cong ty Thu' ba, ben canh viec huy dong nguon vdn vay cua can bo cong nhan vien thi can day manh nguon vdn vay - mot nguon vdn quan cho bat ky mot doanh 90 nghiep nao Ngudn von co uu diem la toan lai vay duoc khau trir lam giam thu nhap chiu thue nen doanh nghiep duoc huong phan tiet kiem nha thue, cung co nghia la chi phi su dung no thuong thap hon chi phi von chu huu Hon ntra, nguon von cung gop phan giup doanh nghiep giai quyet nhu cau von ldn cho dau tu vao hien dai hoa may moc thiet bi, nang cao chat luong nguon nhan luc tang kha nang canh tranh va nang luc canh tranh cua doanh nghiep Trong thdi ky phat trien cang nhu vu bao cua nen kinh te thi trudng hien nay, ngudn vdn se cang trd nen quan ddi vdi bat ky doanh nghiep nao Trong thdi gian qua, ngudn vdn cd xu huong tang dan, va dieu vo cung hop ly nhu cau ve vdn cho hoat dong dau tu phat trien cang ldn Tuy nhien, kha nang huy dong tir cac ngudn khac la cd gidi han nen ngudn tai tro chinh van la ngudn vdn vay tin dung thuong mai Cdng ty nen lam viec vdi mot so Ngan hang cd uy tin khac de thuan loi va chu dong hon viec vay vdn dap ung nhu cau hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh va dau tu Tuy nhien, viec huy dong ngudn vdn cung gap phai nhieu kho khan vdn vay tin dung cd nhung quy dinh rat khat khe ma kho khan nhat la chi phi su dung vdn ldn lai suat huy dong thuong cao Do vay, cdng ty can phai can nhac ky va cd ke hoach huy dong, su dung vdn hop ly de tang hieu qua dau tu Thw tw, de dam bao cho su phat trien ben vung cua cdng ty thi viec huy dong ngudn vdn phai het sue chu dong Dieu cd nghia la ben canh viec tang cudng huy dong vdn tin dung va su dung vdn tu cd, cdng ty can phai chu dong viec khai thac cac ngudn vdn khac: Cdng ty cd the tan dung nhung ngudn vdn nhan roi nhu tien luong cua can bo cdng nhan vien chua phai tra, cac quy duoc trich nhu quy khen thudng phuc loi, quy du phdng tai chinh cac khoan ngan sach chua phai nop, tien tra chain may moc thiet bi cua cac cdng ty va ngoai nude de dua vao su dung lam giam chi phi su dung vdn Ngudn vdn huy dong khdng phai la nho va nd se gop phan tich cure vao hoat dong dau tu phat trien cua cdng ty 91 Mat khac, cong ty can da dang hoa cac hinh thuc huy dong von, can ket hop nhieu nguon von khac de dat duoc hieu qua su dung cao nhat Tan dung tdi da ngudn vdn han hep tu ngan sach nha nude Mdi ngudn vdn deu cd nhung uu, nhupc diem va chi phi su dung rieng nen viec khai thac tiem nang cua tung loai la dieu nen lam Phuong hudng thuc hien chung la cung mot luc su dung nhieu ngudn vdn mot ngudn vdn dd Doi vdi mdi ngudn vdn huy dong, cdng ty can phai cd phuung an thu hut rieng Tuy nhien, du huy dong ngudn vdn nao thi uy tin va hieu qua kinh doanh van la yeu td quyet dinh kha nang cdng cua phuung an huy dong Viec da dang hoa ngudn vdn se tao dieu kien cho cdng tac dau tu dien thuan loi va dat dupe hieu qua nhu mong muon Vdi lupng vdn du ldn va dupe cung cap kip thdi, cdng ty se khai thac dupe co hoi mdi va nang cao hieu qua cua hoat dong dau tu Ngoai ra, cdng ty cd the tien hanh mot sd giai phap ho trp nhu: - Nghien cuu phat hanh trai phieu nude va quoc te: huy dong ngudn vdn nhan roi va doi dao tu nhieu td chuc va ca nhan nude bang hinh thuc phat hanh trai phieu nude dudi hinh thuc: phat hanh trai phieu cdng trinh va phat hanh trai phieu Cdng ty su dung cho nhieu cdng trinh Mat khac, dang ky vdi Bo Tai chinh va thue tu van de phat hanh trai phieu quoc te cho cac du an - Lien danh, lien ket vdi nhung cdng ty khac tong de tang nang luc cung nhu tang vdn cho hoat dong dau tu Tuy phai chia se loi nhuan nhung budc dau vdi nhung du an ldn cdng ty can tao dung hinh anh cua minh tren thi trudng va de xin phep dupe dau tu nude ngoai - Cdng ty cd the su dung hinh thuc tin dung thuong mai bang each dam phan vdi nha cung cap de cd dupe thdi gian toan cham, cd mot sd nha cung cap cdng ty toan cham den nua nam Chinh vi the, cdng ty can thuc day hon nua hoat dong tin dung thuong mai bang each tich cue dam phan vdi nha cung cap de cd dupe dieu kien toan cho toan bo nguyen vat lieu dung cho thi cdng la cham nhat cd the 92 *7 r \ 4.2.2 Phan bo va sic dung vdn dau /w hieu qua Ben canh cong tac huy dong vdn, thi viec phan bo va sir dung nhung nguon von ay cho co hieu qua cung dong vai trd quan khdng kern Neu viec su dung vdn khdng hop ly se dan den nhung hau qua xau, nguoc lai nguon vdn duoc dung dung cho dung luong thi viec huy dong vdn mdi phat huy tac dung Chinh vi vay, Cong ty can thuc hien mot sd bien phap sau de nang cao hieu qua su dung vdn: 4.2.2.1 Cac giai phap chung Thu nhat, doanh nghiep can xay dung ke hoach su dung vdn mot each cu the ngan va dai han Trong chi rd nhung nguon vdn nao duoc uu tien su dung trudc, nguon nao su dung sau, vdi sd luong bao nhieu, hinh thuc su dung nhu the nao Tinh toan mot each chinh xac nhu cau vdn cho tung cong viec tranh tinh trang thua, thieu vdn Cd dudng loi chien luoc phu hop nham giam chi phi va nang cao chat luong san pham, dong thdi tiet kiem tdi da san xuat kinh doanh Thu hai, phan bo nguon vdn hop ly cho cac noi dung dau tu nhu: dau tu vao may moc thiet bi, cong nghe, dau tu phat trien nguon nhan luc, dau tu marketing, Viec phan bo nguon vdn mot each hop ly se tao su phat trien mot each dong bo cho cong ty, khdng gay tinh trang thua thieu vdn cac noi dung dau tu Viec phan bo nguon vdn nen chia theo nhieu giai doan va can cu vao nhu cau thuc te cua tung giai doan thi cong Thu ba, dau tu tarn, diem tranh dau tu dan trai gay lang phi nguon vdn Trong nhu cau dau tu rat ldn, vdi nguon vdn cdn han che thi viec dau tu tarn, diem la het sue quan Tren co sd phan tich, danh gia tinh hinh thi trudng va nang luc thuc te Cong ty can dua thu tu uu tien cho cac cong trinh Trong luc nguon vdn dang han che thi uu tien cong trinh nao cd chi phi dau tu it va mang lai hieu qua cao 4.2.2.2 Cac giai phap rieng cho tirng noi dung dau tu (i) Gidi phap ve dau tu phat trien nguon nhan luc Chung ta da biet nhan to co ban cd y nghia quyet dinh nen kinh te tri thuc la ngudi Vi vay, ban than cong ty phai manh dan dau tu cho nguon nhan 93 lire, de nang cao trinh chuyen mon nghiep vu cua ngudi lao dong Cdng ty can xay dung chien luge dao tao va phat trien ngudn nhan luc hop ly, can de nhung bien phap cu the ve dao tao theo co cau, so luong cdng nhan lanh nghe theo yeu cau trang bi va ap dung cdng nghe hien dai, tranh lang phi va nguoc lai, khdng de xay tinh trang thieu cdng nhan lanh nghe Phai nang cao trinh do, nang luc kinh doanh, dieu hanh quan ly doanh nghiep, nhat la nang trinh va kinh nghiem kinh doanh va dieu hanh cua doi ngu lanh dao, trinh tay nghe cua ngudi lao dong, trinh kien thuc ve tiep thi, tiep thu khoa hoc - ky thuat, trinh cdng nghe thong tin, chu sang kien cai tien cua ngudi lao dong d cac khau khac hoat dong cua cdng ty Cdng ty phai thong qua co che tien cdng, tien thuong de khuyen khich ngudi lao dong hoc tap, dong gop sang kien de nang cao nang suat lao dong, gia san pham Luong va thu nhap cua ngudi lao dong phai thuc su la don bay kich thich ngudi lao dong de ho mang het tarn huyet, nhiet tinh phuc vu cho su phat trien cua cdng ty > Tang cudng doi ngu lao dong cd trinh Dao tao cho ngudi lao dong la cdng viec mang y nghia song cdn ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep boi ngudi lao dong cd the chia lam hai bo phan: ngudi chua cd kinh nghiem va ngudi da qua kinh nghiem Ddi vdi ngudi chua qua kinh nghiem phai huong dan ho bat dau tiep xue vdi cdng viec.Cdn ddi vdi ngudi da qua kinh nghiem thi phai bo tuc tay nghe cho ho, nang cao kha nang sang kien cdng viec Viec dao tao ngudi lao dong cd the tien hanh nhu sau: Thu nhat, bao lanh cho mot so cdng nhan vien di du hoc nang cao trinh do, r a r kien thuc nghe nghiep.Viec lam cd hai loi ich: vua nang cao trinh hieu biet nhan thuc va ap dung khoa hoc cdng nghe cua nhung nude phat trien vao san xuat, kinh doanh, vua ton chi phi viec dao tao nhieu lan, vi chi can mot so ngudi di du hoc ve cd the truyen dat loai kien thuc cua minh cho cac dong nghiep de cung nang cao nang suat lao dong Tuy nhien thuc te cac doanh nghiep khdng dam dau tu vi so ngudi lao dong sau di du hoc khdng quay trd lai lam viec De giai quyet duoc dieu cdng ty can dua mot quy dinh, quy che rang buoc ngudi lao dong vdi doanh nghiep, dac biet la che tien luong 94 Thu hai, cong ty co the lien ket vdi cac trudng dai hoc viec dao tao ngudn nhan luc vdi cam ket nha trudng se dao tao mot so lugng hoc vien dap ung tot yeu cau cua cdng ty doi lai cdng ty phai dau tu cho trudng trang thiet bi co sd vat chat hay tao dieu kien cho cac hoc vien dugc thuc tap tai cdng ty va cac chi nhanh cua cdng ty Day cd the noi la hudng di dung dan va hieu qua lau dai nhat Thu ba, lap cac quy khen thudng, quy ho trg phat trien nham nang cao tinh sang tao cua ngudi lao dong Thuc te cho thay hau het cac doanh nghiep deu cd quy khen thuong nhung viec su dung chung van chua dem lai hieu qua tot day, ngoai nhiem vu tren cac quy khen thudng phai ho trg cho cac du an kinh doanh san xuat tir budc bat dau trien khai nghien cuu den budc lap dat vao san xuat Ngoai cac quy cd the dung cho cac hoat dong: hgc bong cho sinh vien cac trudng cd nhu cau tuyen dung, ho trg nghien cuu khoa hgc, tai trg hgc bong cac hoat dong phong trao hgc thuat cho sinh vien cac trudng dai hgc, ho trg y tudng kinh doanh quy cd the chiem tir 5-10% doanh thu doanh nghiep Day chinh la bien phap ma hien mot so doanh nghiep ldn ap dung nhu: doanh nghiep ca phe Trung Nguyen, ngan hang Vietcombank, tap doan GAMI, cdng ty chung khoan Ha Noi, Ngan hang An Binh, Ngan hang Dai Duong Thu tu, thuc hien day nghe, tai dao tao cho cdng nhan mdi vao lam Viec dao tao cd the lien ket vdi mot sd trudng day nghe neu cdng ty khong du dieu kien ve vdn va doi ngu giang day Tuy nhien each lam cung khong dem lai hieu qua cho lam vi nd chi dap ung dugc nhu cau trudc mat ma thdi > Dau tu vao cham soc sue khoe cho cdng nhan vien Nhu chung ta da biet, nang cao chat lugng ngudn nhan luc bao gom ca nang cao tri luc va the luc Van de cham soc sue khoe cho ngudi lao dong la mot nhiem vu quan doi vdi cac doanh nghiep de cd dugc mot dpi ngu cdng nhan vien lau dai day chung ta de cap mot sd bien phap tieu bieu sau: - Thanh lap benh vien da khoa cua cdng ty nhu dinh hudng phat trien de chu dong cham soc sue khoe cho ngudi lao dong - Cd che nghi dudng hgp li cho ngudi lao dong 95 Thuong cac doanh nghiep chi cho cong nhan vien nghi vao cac dip le tet, thdi gian nghi rat it nen tao cam giac cang thang met mdi, tarn li khdng thiet tha lam viec cua ngudi lao dong Day cung la mot nguyen nhan nhd tac dong den nang suat cua doanh nghiep Muon cho ngudi lao dong gan bo lau dai vdi doanh nghiep thi phai sap xep cho ho che tien luong cung che nghi hop li Cho nghi phep hay cho cong nhan vien di tham quan,du ich cung la mot y tudng ma cd rat nhieu doanh nghiep ap dung - Thuc hien kham sue khoe dinh ki nham phat hien kip thdi cac benh lien quan den nghe nghiep, dong thdi danh gia duoc tinh trang sue khoe cua cong nhan vien cong ty Tu ma cd nhung sap xep hop li cong viec cho tung ngudi - Tien hanh tap huan bao ho lao dong cho cong nhan vien Viec thuc hien nghiem chinh cac quy dinh ve ATVSLD-PCCC can dupe quan triet tu van phdng lam viec den cac xudng san xuat >Dau tu co sd vat chat de cai thien dieu kien lam viec - Mua sam cac trang thiet bi phuc vu cho cong viec nhu: may dieu hoa, he thong may tinh, cung cap cac tai lieu can thiet phuc vu cho cong tac nghien cuu, he thong hut bui cac phan xudng, hay ca viec cung cap cac thiet bi van phdng can thiet khac nhu ban lam viec, phdng lam viec, each thuc to chuc - Thuc hien cac chinh sach nham on dinh cho d, cuoc song cho doi ngu cac can bo quan ly nhu: chinh sach cap nha dat, ho tro tai chinh cho ho on dinh cuoc song, mua sam cac trang thiet bi nha cua day ho tro khdng cd nghia la cung cap •> r r tien cho ho ma cd the la uu tien ho viec cap cac thu tuc vay vdn, vay tin dung Viec xay dung, hoan thien chinh sach nha d va chinh sach khuyen khich day manh dau tu phat trien nha d cho cong nhan, lao dong dupe thuc hien theo hudng: Nha nude mien giam thue dat cho cac doanh nghiep, nha dau tu xay dung nha d cho cong nhan, cho phep cac doanh nghiep dau tu xay nha d cho cong nhan dupe tinh vao gia tri dau tu Nha nude va doanh nghiep cung gop vdn, huy dong them vdn cua cong nhan de xay dung nha ban tra gop cho cong nhan hoac cho cong nhan thue Dong thdi, nghien cuu chinh sach ho tro ve nha d cho nhung gia dinh cong nhan ngheo, chinh sach xay dung khu gia dinh tap the cong nhan, nham bao dam 96 cho cong nhan co noi d on dinh, an toan, gop phan tai tao strc lao dong, xay dung moi trudng song lanh manh va ddi song van hoa cong nhan Ho tro tai chinh cho ho on dinh cuoc song, mua sam cac trang thiet bi nha cua, dac biet la nhung ngudi co trinh chuyen mon cao, nhung Viet kieu gidi muon ve nude lam viec C) day ho tru khdng cd nghia la cung cap tien cho ho ma co the uu tien ho viec cap cac thu tuc vay vdn, tin dung - Khuyen khich lao dong cd tay nghe cao, chuyen mon gidi bang cac chinh sach nhu: cap nha dat, mua sam trang thiet bi phuc vu cho cdng tac nghien curu - Vdi so luong cdng trinh cdng ty thi cdng cang nhieu va cao cang ldn nen van de ve cai thien mdi trudng thi cdng va an toan lao dong can dupe cdng ty quan tarn hon bao gid het Khi thi cdng khoi cac thiet bi may nhu may dam, may be tong hay bui tir nguyen vat lieu; tieng on tir cac thiet bi may toa mdi trudng xung quanh la rat nhieu vi vay cdng ty can dau tu de giam thieu sinh mdi trudng la dieu kien bat buoc nhung tren thuc te cac doanh nghiep xay dung deu cd ban bao cao nhung thuc hien thi cdng thi ho lai khdng dap ung dung yeu cau De tranh di vao loi mon cdng ty Hi End can phai manh dan dau tu vao cac thiet bi xu ly nhung nhiem mdi trudng de tao su dau tu ben vung cac cdng trinh thi cdng cua cdng ty cung nhu hinh anh mot cdng ty luon than thien vdi mdi trudng Day se la mot nhung chieu thuc quang cao cho cdng ty qua trinh dau thau va kinh doanh (ii) Gidi phap ve dau tic phat trien hoat dong Marketing Cdng tac dau tu phat trien hoat dong Marketing va quang ba hinh anh dong vai tro nen tang cho sir cdng lau dai cua Cdng ty Hien hoat dong Marketing dang la mot khau cdn yeu cua cdng ty Vi vay, de phat trien hoat dong dau tu phat trien san xuat kinh doanh thi cdng ty can phai thuc day hon nua hoat dong Marketing Va sau day la mot so giai phap giup cdng ty phat trien mang Marketing: + Thanh lap phdng Marketing Hien tai, viec marketing chu yeu la ban giam doc gidi thieu ve nang luc cua cdng ty, chua cd phdng marketing Cdng ty can co ke hoach lap phdng marketing va tuyen dung, dao tao cho cac nhan su mdi 97 + De ho trg cho cong tac Marketing, cong ty can phai xay dung chinh sach phat trien thuong hieu thong qua cac hoat dong ve cai tien ky thuat nang cao chat lugng cong trinh Doi vdi hoat dong cai tien ky thuat nang cao chat lugng cong trinh, cdng ty can de muc cu the Tat ca cac bo phan lien quan nhu bo phan an toan, bo phan co gioi, bo phan co dien, dac biet la doi ngu thi cdng deu phai phat dong phong trao cai tien ky thuat tung giai doan thi cdng, tung hang muc cdng trinh de giam chi phi Doi vdi hoat dong xuc tien thuong mai, cdng ty nen quang ba thuong hieu qua cac phuong tien truyen thong nhu truyen hinh, truyen bao chi Hien sir phat trien manh me cua nganh cdng nghe thong tin va truyen thong cang dat yeu cau cao hon cho cdng ty viec nang cao ky nang xuc tien thuong mai qua trang web Do vay cdng ty can phai quan tarn hon nua den web cua cdng ty, thudng xuyen cap nhat thong tin va chgn lgc thong tin trudc dang tai, dat yeu cau cao doanh nghiep, ve nang lire cua doanh nghiep (Hi) Giai phap ve dau tic thiet bi cdng nghe mai De dam bao chat lugng, tien thi cdng, ngoai yeu td ngudi thi may moc la mot yeu td khong the thieu May moc thiet bi cdng nghe mdi dam bao cho doanh nghiep cd the thi cdng mot each nhanh chong Doi vdi cdng ty da dau tu mot he thong may moc day du de phuc vu cdng tac thi cdng cac du an ve xay dung tang, xay dung cdng nghiep va xay dung dan dung nhung hau het cac may da hoat dong dugc lau nam Vi the, cdng ty can cd ke hoach de dau tu thay the, sua chua ldn, bao dudng toan bo he thong may moc thiet bi, dam bao cho qua trinh thi cdng dat dugc hieu qua cao A 4.2.3 Hoan thien cdng tac quan ly hoat dong dau ticphat trien - Xay dung ke hoach dau tu hgp ly: Ke hoach dau tu cua Cdng ty phai dua vao qui hoach, chien luge phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua quoc gia, nganh, dia phuong va cua cdng ty Ke hoach dau tu phai dong bo giua cac noi dung dau tu, giua muc tieu va bien phap, dam bao tao mot co cau dau tu hgp ly, dong thdi 98 co tinh linh hoat cao Trong qua trinh lap ke hoach edng ty can coi cong tac du bao - Lua chon co cau dau tu hop ly, co ke hoach phan bo nguon von cho cac hoat dong dau tu mot each cu the va theo dung nguyen tac can doi co cau von, tranh dau tu dan trai, lang phi Cong ty hoat dong linh vuc xay dung nen von dau tu vao nha xudng, may moc thiet bi se chiem ty ldn, song cong ty cung nen chu hon den viec dau tu cho hoat dong marketing, nghien cuu thi trudng, nang cao chat luong nguon nhan luc Hon nua, tirng noi dung dau tu, cong ty phai xac dinh rd can dau tu mdi hang muc nao, dau tu cai tao hang muc nao va hang muc nao thi chua can phai dau tu Cd nhu vay thi hoat dong dau tu mdi dem lai hieu qua cao nhat - Lap ke hoach su dung vdn mot each cu the, xay dung phuong an, du an dau tu bam sat tinh hinh thuc te tir mdi cd the giam sat viec su dung vdn cd hieu qua hay khdng - Phan cong, phap cap rd rang, xay dung che trach nhiem cua cac chu the tham gia cac giai doan cua du an Hien nay, tinh trang phan cong, phan cap trach nhiem khdng rd rang, quyen han khdng di ddi vdi trach nhiem cua chu the tham gia du an dan den tinh trang cd van de phat sinh khdng “xu duoc ai”, “do tap the cac ben de cd sai sot xay thi cd the xir ly nhanh chong va de dang Cd nhu vay mdi nang cao dupe chat luong du an - chat luong tham dinh va tinh chuyen nghiep cua cac don vi tu van lap va tham dinh du an - Viec thi cong xay dung cung can phai dupe giam sat, quan ly chat che, thudng xuyen phai kiem tra, don doc, tranh tinh trang tham nhung, tieu cue gay that thoat, lang phi vdn dau tu Ddi vdi cac du an dau tu cd nhieu hang muc cong trinh thi phai tien hanh nghiem thu gon tung phan cong viec Dong thdi sau du an da dupe ban giao, cong ty nen tien hanh danh gia sau du an nham xac dinh lai cac thong sd ky thuat thuc te so vdi ly thuyet, xac dinh nhung sai lech, thieu sot; tir xac dinh trach nhiem cac linh vuc quan ly, danh gia lai ket qua thuc te va de nhung dieu chinh can tiet cho qua trinh van hanh, nham nang cao hieu qua hoat dong dau tu 99 KET LUAN Vuot qua giai doan day kho khan thach thuc, cong ty co phan xay dung & quan ly du an Hi - 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End (2006-2013), Bao cao thudng nien Cong ty co phan xay dung & quan ly du an Hi - End (2006-2013), Bao cao tai chinh Tap chi Cong nghiep so 6/2014, 19/2014, 13/2014 Tap chi' Nghien cuu Kinh te so 4, 5, 11/2014 Website http://hi-con.vn/ 10 Website http://www.most.gov.vn/ 11 Website http://www.moc.gov.vn/ 12 Website http://www.mpi.gov.vn/