Luận văn các giải pháp tăng cường huy động vốn đầu tư cho nông thôn trong thời kỳ công nghiệp hóa, hiện đại hóa ở nghệ an

TRUONG DAI HOC KINH Tfi' QUdc DAN - DAI HOC KTQD TT THONG TIN THUVIEN PHONG LUAN AN-TV LIEU NGUYEN MINH LAM CAC GIAIPHAP TANG ClfflNG HUY DONG VON DAU TITCHO NONG THON TRONG THfflKY CONG NGHIEP HOA, HIEN DAI HOA NGHE AN CHUYEN NGANH: KINH rf NONG NGHlfiP LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE • * 77/S 66 NGUCJl HUONG DAN KHOA HOC: PGS.TS PHAM VAN KHOl HA NOI - 2011 11 — LOI CAM DOAN Toi xim cam doan day la cong trinh nghien cixu rieng cua toi r r Cac so lieu, ket qua neu luan van la trung thirc va chua tung duqc r r cong bo bat ky cong trinh nao khac Tac gia luan van Nguyen Minh Lam MUC LUC • • Trang DANH MUC CAC CHLf VIET TAT DANH MUC CAC BANG BIEU MO DAU CHITON G 1: NHU*NG VAN DE LY LUAN CO BAN VE TANG CUONG HUY DONG VON DAU TU CHO NONG THON TRONG GIAI DOAN DAY MANH CONG NGHIEP HO A, HIEN DAI HOA 1.1 Khai niem ve von dau tir cho nong thon 1.1.1 Khai niem dau tir va von dau hr cho nong thon 1.1.2 Vai tro cua von dau tu cho nong nghiep, nong thon 1.2 Dac diem von dau tir cho nong thon 1.2.1 Dac diem cua nguon von 1.2.2 Dac diem cua su dung von 11 1.3 Noi dung tang cirong huy dong von dau tir cho nong thon 12 1.3.1 Doi vdi nguon von ngan sach 13 1.3.2 Doi vdi nguon von tin dung kinh doanh 16 1.3.3 Doi vdi nguon von dau tu true tiep cua dan cu va cac co sd kinh doanh va ngoai nude 17 1.3.4 Doi vdi nguon von khac 19 1.4 Cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa va nhfrng yeu cau ve dau tir von cho ndng thon tien trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa 20 1.4.1 Khai quat ve CNH, HDH ndng nghiep nong thon 20 1.4.2 Yeu cau von cho ndng thon tien trinh day manh edng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa 24 1.4.3 Phuong phap xac dinh von dau tu: 25 1.5 Kinh nghiem tang cucrng huy dong von dau tir d mot so dia ph iro ng va ngoai mrdc 26 1.5.1 Kinh nghiem cua mot so nude va vung lanh tho 26 1.5.2 Kinh nghiem huy dong von cua mot so dia phuong nude 28 1.5.3 Cac kinh nghiem co the van dung cho tinh Nghe An 32 CHITONG 2: THlTC TRANG TANG ClTCXNG, HUY DONG VON DAU TU* CHO PHAT TRIEN NONG THON O TINH NGHE AN 34 r 2.1 2.1.1 t Dieu kien tu- nhien, kinh te - xa hoi o’ Nghe An co anh huong den viec tang cucrng huy dong von dau tir cho phat trien ndng thon 34 Dieu kien tu nhien 34 Dieu kien kinh te - xa hoi 35 Danh gia cac tac dong cua dieu kien tu nhien kinh te xa hoi den tang cuong huy dong von cho nong thon tinh Nghe An 38 2.2 Nhu cau von dau tu* cho phat trien nong thon tinh Nghe An 40 2.2.1 Nhu cau von dau tu theo nguon von 41 2.2.2 Nhu cau von dau tu theo linh vuc dau tu 42 2.2.3 Nhu cau von dau tu theo dia ban nong thon .43 2.3 Thur trang huy dong von dau tu* cho phat trien nong thon tinh Nghe An 44 2.3.1 Cac bien phap da trien khai tang cuong huy dong von dau tu cho phat trien nong thon tinh Nghe An 44 2.3.2 Ket qua huy dong von dau tu cho nong thon Nghe An 52 2.4 Danh gia thuc trang tang cuong huy dong von dau tu* cho nong thon Nghe An 70 2.4.1 Nhung ket qua dat duqc huy dong va su dung von dau tu nong thon giai doan 2006-2010 70 2.4.2 Nhung kho khan han che qua trinh huy dong von dlu tu cho nong thon .73 2.4.3 Nguyen nhan cua nhung kho khan han che huy dong, tang cuong von dautu 73 CHlTONG 3: PHlTONG HlTONG VA CAC GIAI PHAP TANG Cl()\G HUY DONG VON DAU TU* CHO NONG THON NGHE AN TRONG GIAI DOAN DAY MANH CONG NGHIEP HOA, HIEN DAI HOA 76 2.1.2 2.1.3 Nhirng can cu* de xac dinh nguon von dau tu* cho nong thon d* Nghe An 76 Dinh huong phat trien cua Nghe An giai doan 2011 -2020 76 Nhu cau von cho dau tu phat trien nong thon 79 Phuong hirong tang cuong von dau tu* 79 Cac giai phap tang ctrdng huy dong von cho phat trien nong thon o* Nghe An giai doan day manh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa 83 3.3.1 To chuc tot cac quy hoach, chuong trinh phat trien kinh te xa hoi noi chung, xa hoi nong thon noi rieng de thu hut va su dung co hieu qua von dau tu 83 3.3.2 Nhom cac giai phap ve hoan thien moi trudng dau tu .86 3.3.3 Nhom cac giai phap khuyen khich dau tu 88 3.3.4 Nhom cac giai phap tang cuong, huy dong von dau tu 89 3.3.5 Nhom cac giai phap ve quan ly nham su dung co hieu qua von dau tu 98 KET LUAN VA KIEN NGHI 101 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.2 3.3 DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 103 DANH MUC CAC CHU VIET TAT TT Viet tat ADB AFTA Viet day du tieng viet Ngan hang phat trien chau A ASEAN Asean Development Bank Khu virc mau dich tu ASEAN Free Trade ASEAN Viet day du tieng anh Hiep hoi cac nude Dong Nam A Association of south-east asia nations CNH-HDH Cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa CCN Cum cong nghiep CSHT Ccr so tang JBIC Ngan hang hop tac quoc te Nhat Japan Bank for Ban a International Cooperation r FDI Dau tu true tiep nude ngoai GDP Tong thu nhap quoc noi Gross Domestic Production 10 GPMB Giai phong mat bang 11 GTNT Giao thong nong thon 12 GTSX Gia tri san xuat 13 KCN Khu cong nghiep 14 KH&CN Khoa hoc cong nghe 15 NGO To chuc phi chinh phu 16 NSNN Ngan sach nha nude 17 ODA Vien trp phat trien chinh thuc 18 UBND Uy ban nhan dan 19 XDCB Xay dung ca ban 20 WB Ngan hang the gidi Non Government Official Devlopment Aid r World Bank DANH MUC CAC BANG BIEU Trang Bieu 2.1 Nhu cau von dau tu theo nguon von giai doan 2006-2010 41 Bieu 2.2 Nhu cau von dau tu giai doan 2006-2010 theo linh vuc dau tu 42 Bieu 2.3 Nhu cau von dau tu giai doan 2006-2010 theo dia ban 44 Bieu 2.4 < r \ Ket qua huy dong von dau tu va ngoai nude tren dia ban Nghe An giai doan 2006-2010 53 Bieu 2.5 \ r Ket qua huy dong theo tung nguon von tren dia ban Nghe An giai doan 2006-2010 57 Bieu 2.6 Ket qua huy dong von theo linh vuc ddu tu giai doan 2006-2010 59 Bieu 2.7 Ket qua khoanh nuoi, bao ve va rung tu nam 1999-2010 theo Chuong trinh 661 68 Bieu 2.8 Thue trang huy dong von dau tu phan theo dia ban huyen, thanh, thi 69 }J —* TRUONG DAI HOC KINH t£' QU6c DAN GJ NGUYEN MINH LAM ? r _M_ rw j* j* CAC GIAI PHAP TANG ClfflNG HUY DONG VON A* _ j* m DAU TT CHO NONG THON TRONG THOI KY ji ji * ji ? j j\ CONG NGHIEP HOA, HIEN DAI HOA NGHE AN CHUYfiN NGANH: KINH T NONG NGHIEP TOM TAT LUAN VAN THAC SY • • HA NOI - 2011 Il ' f I MO DAU Tinh cap thiet cua de tai nghien cuu Nghe An la tinh co dia ban nong thon rong ldn, nhung co nhieu tiem XX nang phat trien Trong nhung nam qua, Nghe An da co nhieu chi'nh sach nham phat trien nong thon, nhb vay bo mat nong thon tren dia ban tinh da co nhung chuyen bien ldn Tuy nhien, ket qua dat dune chua tuong xung vbi loi the va yeu cau dat Nguon von tang cuong hang nam cho nong thon chiem ty thap Do vay, viec tang cuong huy dong von cho nong thon tinh Nghe An la rat buc thiet Tu phan tich tren tac gia chon: "Cac giaiphap tang cudng r \ , huy dong von dau tu cho phat trien nong thon thai ky cong nghiep hod, hien dai hod a tinh Nghe An ” lam de tai luan van thac si Muc tieu nghien cuu cua luan van He thong hoa co sb ly luan, thuc tien ve huy dong von phat trien nong thon thbi ky cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa; Phan tich thuc trang huy dong, dac biet cac giai phap da trien khai huy dong nguon von dau tu cho nong thon r r tinh Nghe An rut nhung ket qua, han che, cac nguyen nhan; Xay dung phuong hubng va de xuat he thong cac giai phap tang cubng hon nua nguon r \ x von dau tu cho nong thon cua Tinh dap ung yeu cau cua cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa giai doan moi r Doi tuong va pham vi nghien cu u cua luan van - Doi tuong nghien cuu: cac hoat dong huy dong von cho phat trien nong thon b tinh Nghe An, tap trung vao cac giai phap vT mo ma dia phuong da thuc hien - Pham vi nghien cuu: cac van de tang cubng von cho dia ban nong thon tinh Nghe An giai doan 2000-2010, tap trung vao giai doan 2005-2010 Cac giai phap den 2020 Phuong phap nghien ciru cua luan van: Tac gia da sir dung cac r phuong phap: vat bien chung va vat lich su; Phuong phap thong ke; Phuong phap phan tich tong hop; Phuong phap chuyen gia Noi dung nghien ciru: CIHONG NHLTNG VAN BE LY LUAN CO BAN VE TANG Ct()\G HUY DONG VON DAU TU CHO NONG THON TRONG GIAI DOAN DAY • • MANH CONG NGHIEP HOA, HIEN DAI HOA 1.1 Khai niem ve von dau tir cho ndng thon ' A A Luan van di tu khai niem dau tu noi chung den cac dang cu the cua dau tu phat trien, theo luan van cho rang, xet theo dia diem dau tu, hoat dong dau tu vdi muc dich khac nhau, nhung thuc hien d ndng thon va phuc vu cho su phat r a trien kinh te, xa hoi ndng thon duoc goi la dau tu cho ndng thon r a a a r cung va cau (2) Von dau tu gop phan thuc day nhanh sir chuyen dich co cau /■ r a kinh te (3) Von dau tu gop phan nang cao nang lire cho khoa hoc va cong nghe Ngoai ra, huy dong von dau tu gop phan tao cong an viec lam, khai thac cd hieu qua nguon tai nguyen thien nhien va tang thu ngan sach 1.2 Dac diem von dau tir cho ndng thon a r a r Dac diem cua nguon von: (i) Nguon von noi lire han hep, tich luy tir r r m r nong thon thap; (ii) Sue hap dan von ngoai lire kem Dac diem cua su dung von: (i) Yeu cau von cua ndng nghiep, ndng r r r thon ldn; (ii) Mure sinh ldi cua von thap; (iii) Rui ro sir dung von cao; r r r (iv) Viec su dung von chiu su chi phoi ldn cua cac dac diem san xuat ndng nghiep; (v) Nang luc quan ly va su dung von kem 90 tiep tuc dau tu de nham thu hut cac nguon dau tu khac cho nganh nong nghiep Co nhu vay, nong nghiep phat trien hon nua tu thuc day cac nganh kinh te khac di len Doi voi tinh Nghe An, la mot tinh nong nghiep nen thoi gian toi van can uu tien phat trien cho nganh nong nghiep, tranh tu tuong chu quan a r minh da co tich Trong cac chu chuong chinh sach tinh can tiep tuc neu cao ngon co phat trien nong nghiep va ndng thon ben canh nhung chinh sach r a dau tu phat trien nganh cdng nghiep va dich vu Cd nhu the mot bo phan dan r r a a chung cua tinh mdi cai thien doi song, nhieu nganh kinh te va nhieu phan kinh te tang trudng theo, lam cho kinh te ca tinh phat trien Coi va dau tu cho ndng nghiep phai nam ke hoach phat trien tuong lai cua tinh De huy dong dupe nguon lire cho dau tu phat trien ndng nghiep, ndng thon, r chung ta can tap trung thuc hien mot sd giai phap sau: a a r (1) Giaiphap tang cuong huy ddng ngudn vdn tir NSNN: r , r r a Von NSNN doi vdi cap tinh dupe hinh tir cac ngudn thu thue, thu tir cac ngudn tai nguyen, thu tir ngan sach cap tren cap ve Nghe An la tinh nhieu kho khan, ngudn vdn NSNN dang rat eo hep, ngan sach phu thuoc vao cap tren rat nhieu va kha nang nhung nam toi mure tang ngan sach la khong ldn Do vay, can cd co che va chinh sach de tan dung va khai thac cac ngudn thu tren dia ban de kha nang phan bo ngan sach cho dau tu phat trien r a r a / Doi vdi cac ngudn thu tren dia ban, trudc mat can thuc hien tot cac khoan thu tir thue, phi, le phi, thu phat giai phap chu yeu la tang cudng cac bien phap nghiep vu cua co quan hanh thu, tao co che quan ly phoi hop A dong bo hoat dong giua co quan thu vdi cac co quan quan ly Nha nudc; giao due tinh tir giac cua nhan dan; tang cudng cac bien phap hanh chinh Muc tieu trudc mat la chong that thu va tang thu ngan sach, tao dieu kien ngudn 91 r \ a r vdn ngan sach de dau tu vao cac linh vuc can thiet co nong nghiep nong thdn Cac bien phap quan nhat de tang thu la thu dung, thu du, chong that thu de dam bao ngudn thu nha nudc su phat trien ben vung, tuc la thu nhung khong lam suy yeu cac ngudn thu quan ma phai boi dudng # r A A A phat trien va md rong cac ngudn thu mot each vung chac, lau ben Dieu co nghia la can xac dinh muc thu hop ly vua dam bao ngan sach nha nudc cd du dieu kien tai chinh tiep tuc phat trien Xac dinh muc thu tai diem "gidi han toi r a r a uu" khong don gian ma can phan tich, can nhac nhieu nhan to khac r a r a Nhung ngudn thu thuoc khu vuc kinh te quoc doanh cd y nghia dac biet thi can A A A chu y boi dudng thong qua cac bien phap ho tro dau tu, trp giup ve khoa hoc ky thuat, cong nghe va nhan luc mot chung muc khong bao cap A A Khong tan thu NSNN qua muc de bao cap cap phat ma chi thu A A A chung muc tot nhat de dap ung cac nhu cau chi cua Nha nudc Quan ly AAA A A tot van de no, dam bao dung doi tupng tra no va tinh ky cac dieu kien tra trudc vay vdn cho viec trien khai cac chuong trinh, du an Phan bo va su dung tot cac ngudn vdn dau tu tu NSNN: Tiet kiem chi 9 A thudng xuyen de tang quy md dau tu phat trien; tang cudng cong tac quan ly sau du an A A r\j _ A Doi vdi ngudn ho trp dau tu tu Trung uong: can nghien cuu van dung cd hieu qua cac co che, chinh sach cua Trung uong de xay dung cac chuong trinh, A A & du an nham tranh thu ngudn Trung uong ho trp (2) Giaiphap tang cudng, huy ddng qua kenh tin dung: AAA Nguon vdn dau tu tir tin dung cd vai tro khong nhd qua trinh phat trien kinh te ndng nghiep ndng thdn Do vay cang tang cudng ngudn vdn 9 A A cd y nghTa quan trong qua trinh phat trien De ngudn vdn phat A huy cd hieu qua can phai thuc hien theo cac giai phap sau: 92 y y r r - Ve nhan thuc can lam ro cho cac cap, cac nganh va nong dan tinh thay < r 7 r ro hon tin dung la kenh von chu yeu cho nong dan de phat trien kinh te xa hoi Z A - Du bao nhu cau von tin dung Nha nuoc cho ho nong dan tinh thdi gian toi (2011 - 2015; 2016-2020) - Nang cao chat luong hoat dong cua cac to chuc tin dung Nha nuoc cho nong dan (ngan hang dau tu va phat trien nong nghiep, quy quoc gia giai quyet viec lam ) yr y - Tang cudng nhu cau thuc su ve von cua cac ho nong dan (hay noi cach \ r r t khac la kich cau von tin dung doi voi cac ho nong dan) De thuc hien duoc bien phap can: (i) Thuc hien hien quy hoach chi tiet, hinh cac du an phat r trien kinh te xa hoi cho tung xa, tung huyen tinh; (ii) Tap trung thuc hien cac giai phap de giup nong dan giam thieu rui ro, an toan san xuat va kinh doanh tieu thu de giup ngudi dan tu tin, manh dan hon dau tu - Dao tao nong dan ho tro ho tro nhung ngudi chu thuc su co kha nang vay von, giai ngan von va co y thuc tra no De thuc hien tot noi dung can: (i) Hinh cac chuong trinh boi dudng cho cac chu ho theo tung nhom ho nhu giau, ngheo; nganh nghe kinh te; tuoi cua chu ho ; (ii) Da dang hoa hinh thuc dao tao, nhan manh giai phap day nghe; (iii) To chuc tuyen truyen, toa dam de y r y nang cao y thuc ve quyen loi va nghia vu viec vay von cua Nha nuoc r r - Tang cudng hieu luc cua Nha nuoc doi voi viec quan ly von cua Nha nuoc cho nong dan vay: (i) Co huong dan thong nhat ve xu ly tinh trang no qua han giua cac van ban phap luat cua Nha nuoc va cac co quan Nha nuoc, cac to chuc xa hoi tren tung dia ban; (ii) Tang cudng quan ly Nha nuoc de giam thieu toi da rui ro kinh doanh (ca san xuat va tieu thu cho ho nong 1/y\^ y /y *7 • xz x y A 4-* y zv r /v /y zv dan) gop phan giam rui ro tin dung, tao cau on dinh ve von vay cua nong dan y y y r - Can mo rong tin dung nong thon ca ve nguon von, pham vi va hinh thuc hoat dong, cho nong dan vay von uu dai hay vay von voi lai suat bang 93 r a r 0%, thu tuc dan gian, linh hoat ve muc vay, thu tuc vay, bien phap the chap, tin chap va phuong thuc cho vay (cho vay to chuc hay thong qua to chuc, dai dien) Cho vay tin dung bang hien vat hay ban hang (vat tu, phan bon, thuoc r tru sau, giong ) cho ndng dan vay theo phuong thuc tra cham, tra gop - Can co chinh sach va giai phap nang cao ty le cho vay trung va dai han, phu hop vdi chu ky dau tu, thu hoi vdn va chu ky sinh trudng cua cay va vat nuoi ~ r a - Cd quy che hoat dong va ho tro tai chinh vdi cac hiep hoi nganh nghe lang, xa, thon xom, khoi phuc lai cac quy ho tro lan d ndng thon va can dau tu true tiep va ho tro tin dung thdng qua cac chuong trinh kinh te va du an nhu chuong trinh xoa doi giam ngheo, nudc sach va ve sinh mdi trudng ndng thon, toan benh xa hoi, dan sd va ke hoach hoa gia dinh, phong chdng HIV/AIDS, A - Nha nudc can cd chinh sach uu dai tich cue hoat dong tin dung dai han r r a ndng nghiep, ndng thon, chuyen dan tir bii lo "bao cap" lai suat sang tro gia lau dai mot sd mat hang chien luge, mien giam hoac gian thue cho he thdng cac to chuc tin dung phuc vu phat trien ndng nghiep ndng thon; tham chi cd chinh sach uu dai ro rang doi vdi bat ky chuong trinh dau tu nao cua moi to chuc kinh te doanh nghiep, tu nhan va ngoai nudc vao dia ban ndng thon phuc vu san xuat xuat khau r r - Ket hop nguyen tac tin dung vdi cdng cu tai chinh khac (nhu ndi long r ■> r r thue, bu lo lai suat, tro gia ndng san, ) de giam rui ro, bao toan vdn tin dung ngan hang Tang cudng tra, giam sat viec dau tu vdn cho ndng nghiep, ndng thon, dam bao chat luong, moi quy trinh tham dinh, xet duyet, phan bo, r r a su dung vdn dau tu Cai tien, da dang hoa phuong thuc cho vay va a az r r toan nham vua rut ngan quang dudng van dong cua ddng vdn den dung cac dia a r r x chi dau tu, vua tiet kiem ddng vdn, giam chi phi tin dung; phong ngua rui ro A A bang each phat huy tin dung ddng tai tro theo du an, 94 r (3) Gidiphap tang cudng, huy dong vdn tie doanh nghiep, dan cw: \ r r \ Cung vai cac ngudn von khac, von dau tu tu noi luc ndng thdn, tu cac Z X doanh nghiep ndng thdn cd y nghTa rat quan trong cong tac dau tu cho X nong nghiep ndng thdn Trong nhieu nam qua, cac lang xa da xay dung, tu bo r • - r ' r r nang cao ddi song phuc vu ngudi dan Theo sd lieu thong ke thi ngudn vdn dan la kha ldn, chiem tren 18% tong sd vdn dau tu tren toan dia ban tinh X X > Tuy nhien, viec dau tu tren mdi chi la budc dau, quy md vira va nhd, ngudn X luc ndng thdn chua duoc khai thac nhieu va cd hieu qua De huy dong dupe va nang cao hieu qua dau tu vdi ngudn vdn can bo sung, hoan thien z z z va thuc hien cac chinh sach kinh te vi md (thue, dat dai, tin dung, gia ca ) Tir \ r x r nham khuyen khich cac phan kinh te ndng nghiep, ndng thdn, \ r r cac ho ndng dan cd vdn, cd kinh nghiem quan ly tu dau tu hoac lien ket, lien doanh, tao cac hinh thuc kinh te hon hop, cd hieu qua san xuat ndng nghiep, che bien ndng lam, thuy san, dich vu d ndng thdn, ddng thdi cung r z _ x khuyen khich tiep tuc dau tu vao CSHT ndng thdn, cu the nhu sau: - Can huy dong vdn dan de dau tu xay dung bao dudng CSHT ndng thdn theo phuong cham "nha nudc va nhan dan cung lam" Dung ca che ho tra x r r x mot phan ngan sach de thay cd loi viec bo vdn dau tu xay dung dudng r x lang, ngo xom cho hoan thien them Ddi vdi cac du an dau tu cho thuy loi, kien XX X Z cd hoa kenh muong, ngoai phan huy dong ddng gop tu nguyen (ca bang tien va r X sue lao dong), cd the khuyen khich ngudi dan cho Nha nudc vay de dau tu trd z r x lai cho he thong thuy lpi phuc vu san xuat ndng nghiep Ngoai ra, can md rong Z Z co che huy dong dong gop cua dan chung cho su phat trien cac hoat dong y te, giao due, bao dam sue khoe, tri thuc co ban cho ngudi dan - Can khuyen khich dan dau tu vao san xuat kinh doanh tren cac linh vuc: san xuat ndng nghiep, dac biet la che bien ndng lam, thuy san va dich vu 95 ndng thon Dong thdi phai cd nhung chinh sach uu tien cho cac doanh nghiep, ho ndng dan kinh doanh tren cac linh vuc nay, tu dd se khuyen khich ho thuc hien qua trinh tai dau tu, md rong san xuat doi mdi trang thiet bi Xay dung ~ r r x quy che hoat dong va ho trp tai chinh doi vdi cac hiep hoi, nganh nghe ndng thdn Ap dung chinh sach uu dai ve thue, gia thue dat va cac hinh thuc ho < < r rv trp khac de khuyen khich phat trien che bien ndng san tai cho, phat trien cac lang, nganh nghe truyen thdng, trang trai Thuc hien giam thue, cho phep nop y r r r r 7 cham tien thue dat doi vdi kinh te hop tac xa, thuc day phat trien cac hinh thuc hpp tac xa giua cac doanh nghiep va ho gia dinh, cd chinh sach uu dai cac doanh nghiep va ho gia dinh, cac hpp tac xa mdi lap Ton vinh uu dai A X nhung tap the, ca nhan cd cong dau tu phat trien nganh nghe, phat trien thi r trudng, dem lai hieu qua kinh te cao cho tinh X 7 X - Can day nhanh lo trinh cd phan hoa doanh nghiep nha nude: De huy r x r < x dong tot ngudn von dan va cac von dau tu dai han, dudng rong md nhat la day nhanh lo trinh cd phan hoa cac doanh nghiep Nha nude Cd hoa se huy dong dupe ngudn von moi tang ldp dan cu, moi phan < x r kinh te xa hoi va nang cao hieu qua su dung nd Bang viec day nhanh tien trinh r X x co phan hoa cac doanh nghiep quan ly, theo danh gia cua nhieu x t r nha nghien cuu, se huy dong dupe ngudn von ldn dan de dua vao san xuat kinh doanh Vi the cang day nhanh dupe lo trinh cd phan hoa cang sdm huy dong dupe ngudn von on dinh va dai han doanh nghiep lai hoan toan chu dong viec sur dung Vdi chinh sach hien nay, viec ban cd phan se dupe thuc hien rong rai xa hoi Tuy nhien, tren tinh hinh thuc te tai Nghe An thi viec tien hanh XX co phan hoa gap nhieu kho khan ngudi dan chua hieu rd va chua thuc 96 da nguon von nhan roi de danh, tiet kiem duoc dan chung dau tu true tiep vao phat trien san xuat Be lam duoc dieu nay, can tien hanh nghien cuu cai tien viec phat hanh co phieu, tin phieu, trai phieu cho thuan tien viec mua ban, vay muon va chuyen nhuong nham gop phan phat trien thi trudng chung khoan Ngoai doi voi cac doanh nghiep nha nudc can md rong r r a quyen tu chu kinh doanh cua cac doanh nghiep theo hudng co cau lai co cau von san xuat va tai san doanh nghiep mot cach hop ly ' r r r - Xay dung he thong thong tin doanh nghiep den tan co sd de nam chac tinh hinh hoat dong cua doanh nghiep va cung cap cho doanh nghiep nhung thong tin ve co che, ve thi trudng mot cach nhanh chong Bac biet nam duoc lo trinh hoi nhap cua nudc ta vdi cac to chuc quoc te (ASEAN,APEC, ASEM, WTO, hiep dinh thuong mai Viet - My ) de chuan bi cho minh the chu dong a r qua trinh hoi nhap, nham day manh duoc san xuat kinh doanh tranh duoc thua thiet hoi nhap Thuc hien duoc nhung dieu do, chac chan se tao duoc niem tin dan va cac doanh nghiep, tu se khuyen khich duoc ho dau tu cang v a r nhieu hon, gop phan tich cuc vao cong cuoc phat trien kinh te xa hoi cua tinh Giai phap huy dung vdn tig ben ngoai (FDI, ODA, NGO): Dau tu nudc ngoai da trd bo phan quan cua hoat dong dau tu toan xa hoi r r Tuy nhien nhung han che cua nong nghiep, nong thon nen so luong cac du r r a a an va von dau tu vao khu vuc rat it Do vay, tinh Nghe An can thuc hien manh me chu truong thu hut von dau tu nudc ngoai vao nong nghiep, r A 7 •) XX nong thon de bo sung them nguon von nudc Be lam duoc dieu can 1 • /x r a • a thuc hien cac cong viec: - Tiep tuc nghien cuu sua doi chinh sach theo hudng uu tien hon nua doi vdi cac du an dau tu vao nong nghiep va nong thon so vdi cac du an khac, r r r r quan nhat la chinh sach thue, ruong dat, xuat nhap khau, thu tuc duyet va r a r • a r x a cap giay phep dau tu 97 x r r r - Tiep tuc nang cap co so tang kinh te xa hoi (giao thong, dien nude, thuy loi ), cham lo van de GPMB, can doi ngoai te, bo tri von doi ung Dong thdi, tinh Nghe An can thuc hien cac giai phap tang cudng kha nang thu x r r r hut va su dung cac nguon von vay va tai tro quoc te Nhung giai phap la: (i) Xay dung mot chien luoc va nhung chuong trinh thu hut, su dung von vay va tai tro quoc te dai han va toan dien, dong thdi tang cudng cong tac ke hoach x x r nguon von ODA; (ii) Hoan thien cac quy dinh ve quan ly va su dung cac x r rx a a , > • r x r a a A I 4a •> 4a • • ' * ii r A ' r r nguon von vay va tai tro quoc te, dong thdi doi mdi he thong quan ly cac du an su dung nguon ODA tren dia ban tinh; (iii) Nang cao chat luong cong tac r Ar r chuan bi va lap cac du an su dung cac nguon von vay va tai tro quoc te Dac biet coi va nang cao chat luong tham dinh du an, quy dinh ro trach nhiem cua cac co quan lap du an va tham dinh du an; (iv) Tang cudng va cai thien cong tac theo doi va danh gia cac du an ODA, gan ket qua va hieu qua quan ly du an vdi can bo du an cu the Nang cao trinh va nang luc chuyen •> a • a> r a < j j * r J a a a r 't \ r r \ r a a mon cua doi ngu can bo quan ly truc tiep lam cong tac quan ly cac nguon von r ' r vay va tai tro quoc te Cai thien hon nua moi quan he giua nha tai tro va phia tiep nhan theo hudng nang cao tinh cong dong trach nhiem, dong thdi coi •A r A A 4A • • A \ f viec nang cao toc giai ngan cua du an Doi vdi cac nguon cu the thi thuc hien nhu sau: r •> a - Doi vdi von FDI: Day manh cac hoat dong xuc tien dau tu tren co so A A chu dong xay dung cac du an de keu goi dau tu Cai thien moi trudng dau tu, af r tang kha nang canh tranh thu hut dau tu truc tiep nudc ngoai, tang hap dan dau tu vao nong nghiep, nong thon bang nhung uu dai tao dong luc thuc r r r su manh me hon; Giai quyet thoa dang moi quan he giua an ninh va quoc phong viec thu hut dau tu vao nong nghiep nong thon dac biet la dau tu vao vung sau va xung xa; Lua chon hinh thuc dau tu thich hop vdi dieu kien A * A A A j A nong nghiep va nong thon 98 - Doi vdi von ODA: Can nhan thuc dung ve ODA, coi ODA la nguon luc ben ngoai co tinh chat bo sung chu khong thay the nguon luc noi sinh voi qua trinh phat trien; De sur dung co hieu qua nguon von ODA, can gan ket va a r a r long ghep mot each dong bo chien luge va ke hoach thu hut va sur dung ODA 9 z vdi cac chien luge phat trien, cac chinh sach va quy hoach phat trien cung nhu cac ke hoach dai han va hang nam; Nang cao nang luc lap va quan ly du an, hinh cac du an co tinh kha thi cao linh vuc buc xue d dia ban ndng r r a r a thdn; Chuan bi tot ngudn von doi ung va cac dieu kien trien khai du an; Chu AZ trgng cong tac quan ly trien khai du an, bao dam cho ngudn von dugc sur dung theo dung muc tieu cua du an va theo dung nhung gi da cam ket Z Z A ~ - Doi vdi ngudn NGO: Tiep tuc van dong cac td chuc phi chinh phu ho A trg dau tu vao dia ban ndng thdn Nghe An r 3.3.5 Nhom cac gidi phap ve quan ly nham sic dung co hieu qua von a a A dau tic • r ' ' - Tiep tuc nang cao hieu qua chi dao dieu hanh cua lanh dao tinh, cac cap /w Z A A A Xu ly nghiem cac tieu cue, nhung nhieu doi vdi nha dau tu De cao tinh than trach nhiem ca nhan xu ly cong viec d cac co quan quan ly nha nude - Phoi hgp chat che giua cac sd, ban, nganh va dia phuong lien quan cung nhu vdi cac co quan Trung uong viec tham tra chat che cac du an A A dau tu, lua chgn cac nha dau tu co nang luc, kinh nghiem thuc hien, mang lai hieu qua, cd gia tri gia tang cao, su dung it dien tich z z - Duy tri co che doi thoai thuong xuyen giua lanh dao tinh, cac sd ban A nganh, dia phuong vdi cac nha dau tu de xu ly kip thdi cac kho khan, vudng Z A mac qua trinh thuc hien cac du an dau tu dam bao cac du an hoat dong AZ Z AZ hieu qua, nham tiep tuc cung co long tin cua cac nha dau tu doi vdi mdi trudng A dau tu kinh doanh tai Nghe An, tao hieu uu lan toa va tac dong tich cue toi nha dau tu mdi 99 - Tang cuong cong tac tra, kiem tra viec thuc hien cac chinh sach, gam giu dat sai muc dich - Tang cudng hieu qua van dong va quan ly ODA: (i) Tang cudng quan he vdi cac co quan Trung uong va nha tai tro de thuc day dam phan viec ho tro vdn cho cac du an dang gap kho khan, ddng thdi tim hiem, cap nhat thdng tin de r r chu dong van dong cac du an mdi; (ii) Tiep tuc trien khai, thuc hien tot cac du viec su dung ODA Xay dung dupe danh muc du an keu goi tai tro cho ca giai doan theo dinh hudng ve nganh, linh vuc, dia ban uu tien cu the; (Hi) Bo tri r thudng xuyen he thdng theo doi va danh gia Tang cudng cdng tac kiem tra, don r r r doc, nhac nho cac sd, ban, nganh, dia phuong thuc hien nghiem tuc che bao cao hang quy, hang nam ve ket qua hoat dong cua cac du an nganh, dia r phuong quan ly Kip thdi tham miru, xu ly cac vudng mac phat sinh qua trinh thuc hien; (v) Nang cao nang luc cua cac ban quan ly dir an ODA va chat lupng nhan luc cua cac co quan chu quan, cac chu dau tu va cac co quan quan ly r x x nha nudc ve ODA, NGO cua cac nganh, cac cap; (vi) Tuyen truyen thay doi nhan thuc ve trach nhiem thu hut, van dong ODA, NGO khong chi la cua cac co X X quan quan ly nha nudc va cua ca cong ddng va cac to chuc quan chung, doan 7 X the de cd sir tham gia nhieu hon cac hoat dong - Uii tien dau tu phat trien co sd tang ky thuat ndng thon cd diem: Co sd tang la dieu kien vat chat quan cd tinh quyet dinh den r r r viec chuyen dich co cau kinh te ndng thon cung nhu su chuyen dich co cau noi X X bo nganh ndng nghiep Do vay, dau tu phat trien co sd tang ndng thon la vo 100 cung quan trong, no co tac dung kep: khong chi la dong luc de chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong thon ma keo theo su gia tang manh dau tu nong nghiep, ' A ' nong thon Khi dau tu vao co so tang, phai xac dinh ca loi ich trudc mat cung nhu loi ich lau dai Khi cac cong trinh (tram giong, co so che bien, giao thong, thuy loi, dien, nudc ) phat huy tac dung no se gop phan to ldn viec su dung von dau tu No co tinh chat quyet dinh doi vdi viec su dung hieu A A \ A qua vOn dau tu dau tu vao cac linh vuc san xuat nong nghiep No se se nang cao doi song vat chat cung nhu tinh than cho ngudi dan, gop phdn quan vao su on dinh va phat trien kinh te xa hoi cua tinh 101 KET LUAN • VA KIEN NGHI• r •> r \ Huy dong, tang cudng vdn cho phat trien ndng thdn la van de luon duoc su quan tam cua cac cap chinh quyen, dac biet la nhung tinh cd dien tich ndng thdn rong Ion nhu Nghe An Viec huy dong, tang cuong vdn dau tu da gop thdn nhu: giao thong, thuy loi, cap thoat nudc, buu chinh vien thong, giao due,