Luận văn hoàn thiện công tác lập kế hoạch phát triển ngành hàng thủ công mỹ nghệ việt nam nghiên cứu điển hình tại tập đoàn openasia group

TRIONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN —0O0— TRUONG DHKTQD I TT THONG TIN THin ijNj LE THI YEN HO AN THIEN CONG TAC LAP KE HOACH • • • NGANH HANG THU CONG MY NGHE• VIET NAM • - NGHIEN CUT DIEN HINH TAI TAP DOAN • • OPENASIA GROUP r Chuyen nganh: Ke hoach LUAN VAN THAC SI KINH TE KE HOACH • • • Ngwdi hud'ng dan khoa hoc: PGS.TS.Vu Thi Tuyet Mai DAI HOC K.T.Q.D TT THONG TIN THL’ VIF.N ri!()NG LIAN AN-TULIEU HaNoi-2018 ms LOI CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan so lieu va ket qua nghien cuu luan van la trung thuc, chua tung duoc su dung de bao ve bat ky mot hoc vi nao Moi su giup cho viec thuc hien luan van da duoc cam on va ghi ro nguon trich dan neu co Ha Noi, thang nam 2018 Hoc vien Le Thi Ybn LOI CAM ON Trong suot qua trinh lam luan van nay, em da nhan duoc su quan tarn giup du cua cac thay co khoa Ke hoach - Phat trien, truong dai hoc Kinh te quoc dan, dac biet la sir nhiet tinh gop y cua co Vu Thi Tuyet Mai, cam on co da chinh sira va r r r r r gop y rat chi tiet cho em thoi gian qua Vai tarn long biet on vo cung sau sac, em xin gui lai cam on chan nhat tir day long den quy Thay Cd khoa noi chung va co Vu Thi Tuyet Mai noi rieng da tarn huyet truyen dat nhtrng kien thuc quy bau cua minh cho em Nha co nhung gop y cua cac thay cd ma bai luan cua em cang hoan thien hun Tuy nhien kien thuc cua em rat han che so vui kho kien thuc rong Ion nen khong the tranh khoi nhtrng thieu sot, em rat mong nhan duoc y kien dong gop cua quy Thay Cd va cac ban hoc cung lap bai luan duoc hoan thien hun Em xin chan cam an! Tran Ha Noi, thang nam 2018 Hoc vien Le Thi Ydn YEU CAU CUA HOI • DONG CHAM LUAN • VAN THAC • SI Ve: Nhu’ng diem can sua chua bo sung trade nop luan van chinh thuc cho Vien Dao tao Sau dai hoc - x £ muiK '.yutI to.*;■Htoi2.1 fc to A&f X pLuSO to De tai de cap tdi mot noi dung rat cu the va co tinh nghiep vu cao nen tac gai can phai cd mot su am hieu thuc su cung nhu sir trai nghiern thuc te cao Chi'nh vi the, de tai cung co the dupe coi la khong de Vi vay, cho du mot vai han che nhung ngubi doc van danh gia cao tinh than lam viec, su am hieu cua tac gia ve van de nghien cuu Vdi cong do, tac gia xung dang nhan bang tot nghiep Thac sy kinh te neu bao ve cong trudc hoi dong Giao vien phan bien PGS Ts Dang Thi Le Xuan CONG HO A XA HOI CHU NGHIA VIET NAM Doc lap - Tu* - Hanh phuc NHAN XET CUA CAN BO PHAN BIEN LUAN VAN TOT NGHlLP CAO HOC Ho va ten can bo cham phan bien: Tran Son Ninh; Cap bac: Thuong ta Chuc vu: Chu nhiem Bo mon Cong tac chuyen mon: Giang day Hoc ham, Hoc vi: GV - Tien si Don vi cong tac: Bo mon Quan ly KH&CN - Hoc vien KTQS NHAN XET LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP CAO HOC Be tai: “Hoan thien cong tac lap Ke hoach nganh hang thu cong my nghe Viet Nam -Nghien cieu ctien hinh tai tap ctoan OpenAsia Group” Hoc vien: Le Thi Yen — Cao hoc IC25 - MSSV: Nhan xet ve noi dung luan van Danh gia tinh khoa hoc va cap thiet cua de tai luan van r r Cong tac lap ke hoach co vai tro dac biet quan trong quan tri van hanh Neu ke hoach dirge lap tot khong nhung giup cong ty hoan cac san pham theo cac moc thbi gian dinh trudc ma giup cong ty tan dung toi iru cac nguon lire nhir nha xubng, may moc, nhan cong Khong nhirng vay, thuc hien dung tien se giup nang cao uy tin cua doanh nghiep doi vdi khach hang, giup cac mat quan tri khac thuan Igi hon Chinh vi tarn quan nhu vay nen bai toan lap ke hoach da dugc cac hoc gia tren the gidi nghien cuu tu rat lau Tuy nhien, day la bai toan kho (NP-Hard) loi giai toi uu phu thuoc vao rat nhieu bien so va dieu kien bien Do vay, de tim dugc loi giai toi iru toan cue se mat nhieu thbi gian de lap mo hinh va giai Trong thuc te ngubi ta thuong dung cac phuong phap kinh nghiem, xap xi va thu dung sai Cong tac lap ke hoach tai xi nghiep san xuat thu cong my nghe, tap doan OpenAsia co nhieu dac diem khac biet so vdi nhirng mo hinh lap ke hoach da dugc nghien cuu dugc cong bo Dac trung noi bat la cong nghe dugc thuc hien chu yeu bang thu cong nen dao dong tinh toan la rat lbn Quy trinh san xuat thay doi theo tirng mlu san pham nen moi 16 san pham lai phai lap ke hoach tir dau Nhirng tinh chat nay, theo hieu biet cua ngubi nhan xet, chua dugc tinh den cac cong bo Do vay, luan van cua Cao hoc vien Le Thi Yen khong chi co y nghia ve mat khoa hgc ma co y nghia v6 mat thuc tien doi vdi nganh hang san xuat thu cong my nghe cua tap doan OpenAsia Danh gia ve noi dung khoa hoc Luan van co ket cau co ban theo trinh tu logic gom 03 chuong co so lv luan, thuc trang va giai phap dugc trinh bay khoang 92 trang kho A4 Phan co sb ly luan: Trong phan tac gia da neu dugc dac diem cua san xuat thu cong noi chung va san xuat nganh son mai noi rieng Theo do, nganh san xuat phu nghien cuu nhu cau thi trudng phai phan anh dupc qui mo, co cau doi vdi tung san pham va dich vu cua doanh nghiep, co tinh den tac dong cua cac nhan to lam tang hoac giam cau de dap ung yeu cau cua cong tac lap ke hoach Nhung ket qua dieu tra nghien cuu co the tap hop theo muc gia de xac dinh muc tieu kinh doanh phu hop vdi phan doan thi trudng hoac theo khach hang de dam bao su gan bo giua san xuat vdi kinh doanh Can cu vao so lupng cac doi thu canh tranh, su bien dong gia ca tren thi r r trudng de lap ke hoach thi hieu qua cua phuong an ke hoach se dupc nang cao Vdi nhung doanh nghiep khong san xuat theo don dat hang thi viec nghien cuu nhu cau thi trudng la dieu thiet yeu de phat trien san pham va lap ke hoach san xuat hieu qua Con doi vdi doanh nghiep san xuat theo don dat hang thi nghien cuu thi trudng, nghien cuu dien bien cac don hang qua khu cho phep doanh nghiep du bao nguyen vat lieu nao? Sa pham nao? Mau sac nao? Hieu ung gi? se dupc khach hang reorder - tiep tuc dat hang lai de gia tang su chu dong ke hoach san xuat Khong chi vay, cac doanh nghiep san xuat nganh hang thu cong my nghe gan nhu deu dinh hudng xuat khau, ma moi trudng kinh doanh bien dong rat phuc tap: su len xuong cua ty gia, cac chinh sach thuong mai, cac tieu chuan ky thuat nhung yeu to tac dong rat nhieu den hanh vi dat hang cua doi tac cung nhu kha nang md rong, vuon thi trudng xuat khau cua doanh nghiep Ben canh do, Viet Nam dang qua trinh hoi nhap sau vao nen kinh te quoc te nen Nha nudc cung dang tien hanh sua r \ r \ r x doi rat nhieu dieu khoan cua hanh lang phap ly Nam bat dupc nhung thay doi ve luat phap giup doanh nghiep tan dung tot cac uu tien ve luat phap cung nhu tranh cac hoat dong bi phap luat nghiem cam Tach biet phan tich nguon lire doanh nghiep la budc doc lap quy trinh 3.22.2 Phan tich nguon luc doanh nghiep khong chi don thuan la xac nhan thong tin: nhan luc co bao nhieu? May moc nhu the nao? Tai chinh ma can phai phan tich sau cu the tung nhan to, dua nhung du bao nhung bien dong cua cac nhan r r r \ x to ky ke hoach Thuc hien can doi giua nhu cau don hang va tinh hinh nguon luc hien co va co the huy dpng cua doanh nghiep Cac nhan to san xuat luon luon bien dong, cang phan tich sau va cu the, cang nam bat dupc nhieu thong tin va gianh dupc chu dong san xuat, han che rui ro xay 82 Doi vdi nganh san xuat thu cong my nghe, ngudn nhan luc ddng vai tro cue ky quan trong, nhung bien dong ve nhan str anh hudng rat ldn den san xuat Do do, can nghie cuu that ky luong ngudn luc san xuat San xuat thu cong nen tay nghe cua mdi ngudi cong nhan la khac nhau, cd nhung cong doan chi co mot sd ca nhan nhat dinh mdi cd kha nang dam nhiem Trong trudng hop don hang phai trai qua cong doan cd sd luong ldn thi doanh nghiep gap rat nhieu rui ro ve tien san xuat Neu chi mot ngudi cong nhan sd it cac cong nhan cd the dam nhan cong viec thi ke haochj cua doanh nghiep roi vao tinh trang dang bao dong Do do, phan tich ky ngudn luc, doanh nghiep se tim cac giai phapsp nhu nang cao trinh tay nghe chung cua cong nhan cac thdi ky nham doi bang viec luon chuyen cong viec giua cac bo phan hay thuc hie chuyen mon hoa de nang cao hieu qua lam viec tai mdi cong doan Tirng phuang an dua can phai dua tren nhung phan tich sau ve ngudn lire cua doanh nghiep ? r r 3.2.2.3 Bo sung viec sap xep thu tu uu tien a buoc len danh sach cac cong viec X can thuc hien Neu nhu danh muc cac cong viec can thuc hien la dudng thi thir tir uu tien cho cac danh muc cong vi?c se nhu cac bien bao chi dan tren dudng de doanh nghiep, bo phan cd the dat dupc ke hoach nhanh chong va hieu qua han Dua tren ca sd ve thdi gian giao hang, chi phi bao quan pham, ban pham, leadtime san xuat, bien dang san pham ma ngudi lap ke hoach se danh sd thu tir uu r x r r x my nghe phu thuoc rat nhieu vao thdi tiet nen viec danh sd thir tir uu tien cong viec can luu y va than Viec danh sd thu tir uu tien giup cac bo phan sap xep cong viec cua minh thuan ti^n han co the dpu doan dupe ke hoach ban giao ban pham/thanh pham cua cong doan trudc, tir bo tri cong viec Giam tinh trang iru dong cong viec vao mot 83 thoi diem co nhtrng thirdi ky phai cho hang cua cong doan truac ban giao gay lang phi nguon luc Ap dung linh hoat ma tran Eisenhower theo thu tu: (1) - Cong viec khan cap va quan (viec can phai lam lap tuc); (2) - Cong viec quan nhung khong khan cap; (3) - Cong viec khan cap nhung khong quan trong; (4) - Cong viec khong khan cap cung khong quan Hinh 3.1 - Ma tran quan ly thoi gian Eisenhower MA TRAN * EISENHOWER KhAii cap g is i Khong khan cap • Pl P2 P3 P4 Ja s g- P1: Quan trong, khan cap P2: Quan trong, khong khan cap P3: Khong quart trong, khan c&p P4: Khong quan trong, khong kidin cap, ad: *P = Priority: Str tru ti&n Nguon: https://quantrimang.com 3.2.2.4 Bo sung viec xay dimg ke hoach cong cu dung cu xay dung ke hoach nguyen vat lieu Dac trung san xuat nganh hang thu cong my nghe la vong doi su dung cong cu dung cu rat ngan, do nhu cau ve cong cu dung cu dung thuong xuyen cho san xuat dong vai tro quan nhu NVL, do can len ke hoach cho cong cu dung cu, tranh tinh trang out - off - stock Cung nen xay dung han muc ton kho an toan cho cong cu dung cu de dam bao, tranh gian doan san xuat, dac biet co don hang phat 84 sinh Tuy nhien can can doi giua bai toan thuong mai (mua hang so luong ldn duoc chiet khau cao) va chi phi luu kho cua cong cu dung cu •> r t 3.2.2.5 r Bd sung buac xay dung ke hoach kiem tra danh gid tien thuc hien Viec kiem tra, danh gia tinh hinh thuc hien ke hoach can duoc thuc hien song song suot qua trinh trien khai ke hoach De viec cong viec duoc trien khai hieu qua, thi can xay dung ke hoach kiem tra danh gia Can xac dinh ro cac khau yeu san xuat, cac dac tinh ky thuat, chat luong timg budc, cong doan, thoi gian san xuat cung nhu leadtime hoan Ke hoach kiem tra danh gia can dam bao khong lam gian doan san xuat nhung vdn nam bat day du thong tin can thiet de kip thoi phat hien va xu ly van de Ke hoac kiem tra can xac dinh ro kiem tra gi? Kiem tra d dau? Kiem tra luc nao? Va se la nguoi chiu trach nhien cho viec kiem tra Trong san xuat khong the co day du cac nguon luc de tien hanh kiem tra het tat ca cac cong doan, hon nua kiem tra nhu vay se lam gian doan san xuat, vay chi tien hanh kiem tra nhung diem yeu Diem kiem tra yeu tuan theo nguyen tac Pareto (20/80), tuc la nhung diem kiem tra chi chiem 20% so luong nhung chiem den 80% khoi lupng sai sot Ap dung chu trinh Deming PDCA xay dung va trien khai ke hoach san xuat Hinh 3.2 - Chu trinh PDCA PLAN KE HOACH THANG KE HOACH NGAY ft X TRIEN KHAI DO X X THU THAP THONG TIN X CHECK X X X ACTION BAO CAO THANG HQP TIEN BO NGAY PHAN TICH, DANH GIA L HANH BQNG KIEM SOAT HANG NGAY I I I I I I I J KIEM SOAT HANG THANG Nguon: Cao hoc vien 85 3.2.3 Noi dung ke hoach san xuat Ke hoach san xuat can chi tiet den ke hoach ngay, ke hoach tuan, thang cho tat ca cac bo phan cua san xuat Boi co ke hoach ngay, tuan, cac bo phan se de dang trien khai thuc hien san xuat Cac muc tieu cong viec duoc thiet lap mot cach ro rang theo ngay, tuan cho tung bo phan, nhu vay se de dang cho viec trien khai thuc hien ke hoach khong chi voi nguoi co kinh nghiem ma ca voi cac ca nhan mdi dam nhan cong viec Cac ke hoach san xuat co the duoc trien khai nhu cac lenh san xuat cho tung don vi thoi gian tdi cac bo phan Vdi cach di chi tiet den ke hoach ngay, ke hoach tuan, tao su thuan tien r r su phoi hop vdi giua cac bo phan, dong chay san xuat troi chay hon cac bo phan co the nam bat duoc thong tin ke hoach san xuat cua bo phan trudc va sau minh r \ r \ Do ke hoach ngay, tuan phu thuoc rat nhieu vao muc hoan cong viec cua hom trudc nen de ke hoach ngay, tuan phat huy duoc het chuc nang cua no, doanh nghiep can dua nhung quy dinh ve thoi gian hoan va chuyen ke hoach den cac bo phan lien quan, vi du: Ke hoach thu t phai duoc hoan va chuyen cho cac bo phan lien quan trudc 16h thu (t-1) Ke hoach tuan thu n phai hoan va chuyen cac bo phan trudc 15h, thu tuan thu (n-1) Khi da nhan duoc cac thong tin ve ke hoach cua tat ca cac bo phan, nhung bo phan lien quan se can doi ke hoach vdi de co nhung dieu chinh hay dieu dong nhan su phu hop cho dam bao dong chay san xuat Khong chi vay, tren co so cac muc tieu cua ke hoach ngay, ke hoach tuan, bo phan ke hoach hay cac bo phan san xuat co the the doi va danh gia viec thuc hien ke hoach thuong xuyen hon, nhu vay co the kiem soat duoc tien thuc hien ke hoach tot hon, cac van de phat sinh sdm duoc phat hien va dua giai phap khac phuc kip thoi, giam duoc tac dong xau cua van de 86 3.2.4 Phuong phap lap ke hoach r Z r r Ap dungphuong phap cdn ddi dong va cdn ddi lien hoan lap ke hoach 3.2.4.1 Du la san xuat theo don dat hang hay san xuat theo nhu cau thi truong thi lap ke hoach deu phai can doi cac yeu to Moi truong kinh doanh luon bien dong, nguon luc doanh nghiep cung bien doi theo thoi gian do viec can doi can thuc hien ca can ddi dong va can doi lien hoan de dam bao noi tai cac yeu to cung da dupe can r doi Nhu cau thi truong, thi hieu, quy mb tat ca cac thong tin lien quan den nhu cau , ° , a , a thi truong doanh nghiep can tien hanh nghien cuu va du bao de dua dupe cac ke hoach dap ung kip thoi vdi nhung rui ro bien dong Do dac trung cua san xuat nganh hang thu cong my nghe la san xuat thu cong nen nhung su thay ddi nguon nhan luc anh hubng rat nhieu den tinh hinh san xuat cua doanh nghiep, chinh vi vay, phan tich va can doi nguon luc can dac biet luu y den nhung dien bien cua nguon lire Vi khong san xuat tir dong nhu san xuat cong nghiep nen viec can doi de can bang chuyen la rat kho khan phu thuoc nhieu vao yeu to thoi tiet, bien dang, leadtime, yeu cau ky thuat nen can phai thuc sir am hieu ve dac diem san xuat, cd cai nhin bao quat ve san xuat, dong thoi tu logic va tong hop cao moi co the thuc hien can bang chuyen nhieu qua 3.2.4.2 Hoan thien co sd du lieu cho he thong ke hoach Ben canh phuong phap lap ke hoach thi co sb du lieu ddng vai tro rat quan trong cong tac lap ke hoach Muon nang cao hieu qua va hieu suat thuc hien ke hoach thi cac tham sb, quy trinh he thong tinh toan ke hoach can phai chinh xac va cap nhat thuong xuyen cho sat nhat vdi tinh hinh san xuat hien tai Dac trung cua san xuat nganh hang thu cong my nghe la san xuat don chiec, san xuat thu cong nen nang suat, dinh muc thoi gian se khong bn dinh nhu may moc Nang suat cu moi ngubi lao dong phu thuoc vao rat nhieu vao tay nghe cua ho Ngay ca nang suat cua mot ngubi cung khong bn dinh theo thoi gian nd bi chi phoi bbi nhieu yeu to nhu: Thoi tiet, tarn trang, sue khoe, bien dang san pham, tieu chuan chat lupng do, viec dac cac sb dinh mire cho tung budc cong doan, mat rat nhieu thoi gian va phai thuc hien vdi mau du Ion de phan anh chinh xac thuc te san xuat, tranh tinh 87 trang dua cac tham so khong co kiem chung dac thuc te lam chi qua du doan, udc tinh Cac du lieu ve thdi gian san xuat (Auctual time, loss time, down time ) can duqc nhin nhan thuc te vi vdi san xuat thu cong, nhung khoang thdi gian hoang phi va lang phi thudng nhieu hon dang ke so vdi san xuat may moc tu dong Vi vay can xay dung, tinh toan can than Thdi gian tang ca khong duqc tinh vao quy thdi gian de tang nang suat ke hoach ma duqc dung de dap ung cac don hang xen ngang, dam bao su on dinh tien cho cac don hang hien co, dong thdi quy thdi gian de san xuat hang goi dau, dam bao dong chay cua san xuat 3.2.5 Cac bien phap quan ly khac 3.2.5.I Thuc hien quan ly ke hoach truc quan thong qua he thong bang bieu Quan ly truc quan la viec dung cac ky hieu, tin hieu, hinh anh, video va cac mo hinh de cung cap thong tin, chi dan giup moi ngudi nam bat nhanh hon, dung hon Ngoai su dung bang bieu, quan ly truc quan bang cac phan mem quan ly ke hoach se giup cap nhat tien don cong viec hieu qua va de dang hon Ban chat cua quan ly truc quan la cung cap thong tin nhanh chong, tien lqi nhat thong qua viec tan dung thi giac Quan ly truc quan la su dung nhung tin hieu truc quan cho phep tat ca moi ngudi nhin vao la co the cap nhat ke hoach cua toan nha may, cua tung bo Lanh dao, ngudi quan ly co the de dang va nhanh chong nam bat duqc cac thong tin ve ke hoach ma khong phai thong qua cac cuqc hop vdi cac nhan chuyen trach Cac bo phan co the biet duqc ke hoach cua cac bo phan lien quan, se tao co so cho su phoi hqp nhip nhang cong viec Dong thdi cho phep cac cong nhan co duqc thong tin day du ve cac quy trinh san xuat, tien va cac thong tin quan khac giup ho ■ lam viec co hieu qua nhat Do tat ca moi moi ngudi deu nam bat duqc thong tin thi co van de hay sai sot xay se de dang phat hien nhac nhac nhac nho va dieu chinh kip thdi Cac yeu to truc quan la he thong cac thiet bi, thong tin, ma mau, so va cac bang tin r f hieu duqc tieu chuan hoa lam cho moi tinh trang bat binh thudng va lang phi de nhan Mot so cong cu chu yeu: 88 Cac bang hien thi truc quan: Cac bieu do, bang luong hieu qua, cac thu tuc va tai lieu quy trinh lam nguon thong tin tham khao cho cong nhan Vi du: bieu xu huong vi hieu suit thuc hien cong vi£c; tiin san xuat ngay, thang Cac bang kiem soat bang truc quan: Cac chi so dung de kiem soat hay bao hieu diiu chinh nhan su de dam bao ki hoach, thong tin vi tiin thuc hi?n ke hoach Hinh 3.3 - Quan ly tryc quan ke hoach san xuat Nguon: Cao hoc vien Rubic o hinh 4.1 la mot y tuong vi quan ly tryc quan ki hoach, ki hoach duyc theo doi danh gia dua tren ki hoach dat voi kit qua thuc ti thuc hien theo cac ky ki hoach khac nhau: Ki hoach ngay, tuan, thang Y tuong tren co thi duyc phat triin va trien khai voi su ho try cua cong nghe 3D, the hien chi tiit cac noi dung cua ki hoach sAn xuat tai moi thbi diem khac nhau, qua de dang phat hien van di de co nhung bi?n phap xu ly kip thbi, hieu qua Cac bieu dO, Dashboard vi ke hoach nhu phin mim quan ly tiin Wrike, Gantt plus Tuy nhien, hi§n cac phan mim dang duyc xay dung cho linh vuc san xuit cong nghiep la chu yeu Do do, de co the ap dung linh hoat va hi?u qua cac ung dung cong nghe vao quan ly ki hoach thi doanh nghiep can hieu ro dac diem 89 san xuat kinh doanh cua minh de co the lam viec vdi cac ben cung cap phan mem, tir tao nhtrng ung dung tien fch va thiet thuc nhat cho quan ly ke hoach san xuat tai doanh nghiep 3.2.5.2 r Ban hanh mot so quy dinh quan ly nghiem ngat viec nghiphep Cung dac diem la nganh san xuat thu cong my nghe, cac cong nhan nha may deu xuat than tir cung lang nghe, ho co quan he ho hang huyet thong, do mot gia dinh cd viec thi so cong nhan xin nghi phep qua nhieu, dieu gay kho khan bo tri san xuat ? r De khac phuc tinh trang nay, can cd cac quy dinh nghiem ngat nhu nghi phep a can bao trudc it nhat bao nhieu ngay? So ca nhan tdi da duqc nghi/mot bo phan/ngay la bao nhieu? Cac quy tac can duqc thuc hien nghiem ngat 3.2.5.3 Phan tich ky truoc nhan don hang xen ngang Nhu da phan tich, don hang xen ngang luon xuat hien san xuat, va gay anh hudng den tinh hinh san xuat hien tai Don hang xen ngang luon cd dac diem sau: So luqng don le; yeu cau ky thuat phuc tap; thdi gian giao hang gap Tuy nhien doanh thu tir cac don hang khong he nho Do do, doanh nghiep can chon loc don hang xen ngang chu khong nen nhan don hang o at ma khong xem xet nang luc san xuat hien tai, tranh tinh trang vd ke hoach trien mien chap nhan qua nhieu don hang xen ngang 3.2.5.4 Thuc hien cac nghien cuu vd cai tien san xuat Duy tri tinh than Kaizen san xuat, hudng tdi loai bd cac hao phi khong can thiet san xuat, doi mdi sang tao thong qua thur nghiem cac quy trinh san xuat mdi, nguyen vat lieu mdi de rut ngan leadtime san xuat ma van dam bao chat luqng san pham Xay dung cac phuong an chuyen mon hoa cung nhu nang cao tay nghe chung cua ngudi cong nhan, doi mdi phuong thuc san xuat tien tdi san xuat LEAN theo phuong thuc TOYOTA, nang cao hieu qua 90 3.3 Giai phap cu the hoan thien cong tac lap ke hoach san xuat 3.3.1 Ve bo may lap ke hoach san xuat Giai phap 7: Td chuc cho cac can bo tai bo phan ke hoach duoc tham gia vao cac khoa dao tao ve chuyen mon nghiep vu ke hoach, cac buoi hoi thao co lien quan den lap ke hoach san xuat Giai phap 2: To chuc cac buoi giao luu giua cac phong ban ke hoach cua cac cong ty noi bo tap doan de co the trao doi nang cao va hoc hoi kinh nghiem GzTzz phap 3: Khuyen khich su doi moi tu va each lam viec bang cac phan thudng mot ca nhan/nhom co nhung cai tien tot Giai phap 4: Bo sung nhan sy cho bo phan ke hoach san xuat de dam nhiem chuc nang thong ke va cap nhat du lieu vao he thong co so du lieu lap ke hoach 3.3.2 Quy trinh lap ke hoach san xuat Giai phap 7: Nghien cuu va du bao nhu cau thi trudng quy trinh lap ke hoach san xuat Nghien cuu nhung bien dpng cua thi trudng cung nhu su dung sd lieu qua khu, tu dua cac du bao chinh xac nhat, han che nhung rui ro co the xay Giai phap 2: Phan tich ky cac ngudn luc cua doanh nghiep Can linh hoat su dung cac phuong phap phan tich ngudn luc Khi phan tich can dat ngudn luc mdi trudng bien dong cua dong chay san xuat de co dupe buc tranh tong the va bien dong cua cac yeu td anh hudng, cung nhu tac dong qua lai giua cac ngudn luc Giai phap 3: Sap xep thiru tu uu tien cac cong viec can thuc hien Giai phap 4\ Xay dung ke hoach cong cu dung cu xay dung ke hoach nguyen vat lieu Giai phap 5: Xay dung ke hoach kiem tra danh gia tien thuc hien ke hoach 3.3.3 Noi dung ke hoach san xuat Giai phap 1: Lap ke hoach chi tiet tuan/ngay cho tirng bo phan Giaiphap 2\ Trien khai ke hoach theo lenh san xuat 3.3.4 Phuong phap lap ke hoach Giai phap 7: Sir dung cac phuang phap can doi dong, can doi lien hoan phan tich, tinh toan nang luc san xuat (may moc, nhan su ) va du bao thi truong 91 Gidi phap 2: Xay dung lai he thong co so du lieu •> ft \ Cap nhat nhung thay doi ve quy trinh san xuat dang trien khai hien tai, budc nao da bo, buoc nao them vao quy trinh san xuat Tien hanh dac va cap nhap dinh muc thoi gian thuc hien mdi budc, cong doan thuc te san xuat Viec cap nhat du lieu khong chi xay dung mot lan ma can phai trien khai xuyen sudt san xuat de dam bao tinh chinh xac va cap nhat cua co sd du lieu 3.3.5 Cac bien phap quan ly khac Gidi phap 1: Xay dung cac bang bieu va bang thong tin khu vuc chung cua nha may Nhu vay, bit ky di qua cung cd the nam bat duoc thong tin, tinh hinh san xuat hien tai ma khong can phai trao ddi hoi han ai, giam thdi gian thu thap thong tin Tuy nhien cac thong tin tren bang bieu can duoc cap nhat thudng xuyen theo ngay/tuan/thang thuoc nao noi dung cua bang Gidi phap 2: Ban hanh va ap dung cac quy dinh nghiem ngat ve nghi phep Gidi phap 3: Phan tich lua nang luc san xuat va tinh hinh san xuat hien tai trudc nhan duon hang xen ngang Gidi phap 4: Thuc hien cac cai tien san xuat: Cai tien ve nguyen vat lieu, cac thuc trien khai san xuat de nang cao nang luc san xuat, cai thien nang suat hoat dong 92 KET LUAN Moi truong kinh doanh cang bien dong manh me, thi trudng canh tranh cang khoc liet hon doi hdi cong tac ke hoach cac doanh nghiep phai phu hop va linh hoat thfch nghi du la doanh nghiep san xuat hay kinh doanh dich vu Chung ta co the danh gia doanh nghiep dua tren cac nguon luc nhu von, cong nghe, thuong hieu nhung khong the phu nhan vai tro quan cua cong tac lap ke hoach quan ly dieu hanh doanh nghiep Moi cong ty co nhung dac diem san xuat kinh doanh khac thi can lua chon va xay dung phuong phap lap ke hoach phu hop de on dinh va phat trien san xuat Co r \ r r r r r r \ rat nhieu yeu to anh hudng den cong tac lap ke hoach nhung yeu to ve ngudi cua bo may lap ke hoach gan nhu la quan nhat Nhan thuc quan diem va tu cua r r r x r ngudi lam ke hoach anh hudng rat nhieu den ke hoach duoc tao Do nhan su lap r \ z ke hoach can phai tich cue trau doi kien thuc, cap nhat thong tin, phat trien cac ky nang va nghiep vu lap ke hoach Ngay cong nghe cang phat trien va duqc ap dung rat nhieu vao san xuat kinh doanh noi chung va lmh vuc lap ke hoach noi rieng, nhien mdi phan \ r r r •> r mem chi duqc thiet ke mot each chung nhat cho cac lmh vuc, do de phat huy het cac tinh nang cua phan mem, doanh nghiep can am hieu linh vuc san xuat kinh doanh cua minh de truyen tai den cac ben cung cap phan mem cho co the thiet ke cac ung dung phu hqp nhat vdi dac diem kinh doanh cua doanh nghiep minh Mac du nhung giai phap dua luan van chua phai la htru hieu nhat de giai quyet nhung kho khan va bat cap cong tac lap ke hoach san xuat kinh doanh nganh hang thu cong my nghe nhung tdi hy vong ring vdi nhung nghien curu va giai phap da duqc trinh bay luan van se gop phan thiet thuc, tao nhung co so nhat dinh cong tac lap ke hoach nganh hang san xuat thu cong my nghe - nganh hang truyen thong cua dan toe Viet Nam Nhung dieu se phan nao giup cac doanh nghiep dang san xuat kinh doanh linh vuc tim cac hudng di mdi cong tac lap ke hoach cua doanh nghiep minh, tir nang cao hieu qua san xuat, tang sure canh tranh 93 Khi do, linh vuc san xuat thu cong my nghe cua Viet Nam se cang phat trien, cac san pham thu cong truyen thdng cua Viet Nam se den gan hon voi ban be quoc te - phat trien kinh te, gm gift nganh nghe truyen thong, dong thoi quang ba net van hoa Viet 94 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bui Due Tuan, Giao trinh ke hoach kinh doanh (2005), Nxb Lao dong - Xa hoi Ngo Thang Loi, Giao trinh ke hoach hoa phat trien (2009), Nxb Dai hoe Kinh te r a J -a quoe dan Tim Berry, Lean Business Planning (2015), Nxb Motivational Press r r r t Nguyen Khae Quang, Giao trinh Lap ke hoach san xuat va tieu thu san pham, Nxb Bo Nong Nghiep va Phat Trien Nong Thon William S Sachs, Product planning and management (1981), Nxb Pennwell Corp F Robert Jaeobs, William Lee Berry, D Clay Whybark, Manufacturing Planning and Control for Supply Chain Management (2010), Nxb MeGraw-Hill Professional Bao doanh nhan Sai Gon online Website Dien dan doanh nghiep: http://entemews.vn Website: http://moneyideas.vn 10 Website: http://vnexpress.net ehuyen mue Kinh doanh, Doanh nghiep 11 Website: http://hanoia.eom 12 Website: http://www.openasiagroup.eom 95 Tumitin 8/12/2018 Document Viewer Turnitin Originality Report Processed on: ll-Jun-2018 10:20 +07 ID: 974473498 Word Count: 37129 Submitted: Luan van_ Le Thi Yen By Thi Yen Le Similarity by Source Similarity Index 13% include quoted include bibliography mode: quickview (classic) report Internet Sources: Publications: Student Papers: excluding matches < 1% ▼ 3% match (Internet from 04-Jan-2014) http://www.zbook.vn 1% match (Internet from 28-Mar-2017) httD://www.zbook.vn 1% match (Internet from 04-Jan-2018) http://hanoia.com 1% match (Internet from 04-Apr-2017) http://www.zbook.vn 1% match (Internet from 19-Jun-2016) http://www.leansimavn.com 1% match (Internet from 24-Mar-2017) http://www.zbook.vn 1% match (Internet from 22-Oct-2013) http://vicrafts.com 1% match (Internet from 21-Jul-2017) htt 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