C N G N G H E - CONG TRiNH DAU KHi NGHIEN CLTU THIET KE, LAP DAT VA QUY TRINH VAN H A N H XE O TO SIJ DUNG LUONG NHIEN LIEU LPG/DIESEL KS Dao Van Tuan, ThS Tran Mai Khoi, ThS Vu An, ThS Nguyin Thj Thu Hi^n ThS H o a n g M a i Chi, ThS Ta Quang M i n h , KS LUOng Van T h U d n g , 1iiS Nguyen Van Nhan Viin Ddu Viet Nam Email tuandv@vpi.pvn.vn Tom tSt Ludng nhiin lieu LPG/diesel duc/e sddung khd bien tren the gidi, giup da dgng hda ngudn nhien liiu, gdp phdn gidm nhiem mdi trUdng Tuy nhiin, dViet Nam mdi nghien cdu thd nghiem hien trUdng dgng ddn H Trong bdi bdo ndy, nhdm tdc gid gidi thieu mpt sd nguyen tdc thiet ke, Idp ddt, quy trinh van hdnh deddm bdo an todn cho cdc xe chuyen ddi sang sddung IUdng nhiin lieu LPG/diesel vd de xudt mpt sd gidi phdp ve cache, chinh sdch dephdt triin ben vdng, hieu qud viec sddung lUdng nhien lieu LPG/diesel eho giao thdng van tdi d Viet Nam TUkhda: Thiit ki, lUdng nhiin lieu LPG/diesel I.Gidfi thieu 2.2 Thiet ke vj tri Idp ddt binh chda LPG tren xe khdch Transinco Viec stf dung ludng nhien lieu LPG/diesel cho eic phUdng tien giao thdng van t i i la mot nhCfng gill Viee thiet ke he thdng c l p LPG phai d i m b i o sU phan p h i p quan giup g i i m nhlem moi trUdng khf bd trpng lupng len cie true eua xe d td sau ell tao phai t h i i dpng ed g i y De dam b i o an toan v i hieu q u i cho tUdng t u nhu xe dtd nguyen mau; d i m b i o kfch thudc eac xe sif dung ludng nhien lieu LPG/diesel can nghien chieu dai v l chieu rpng eua to khdng thay ddi; cong eufu tU khau thiet ke, l i p dat cho den quy trinh van hanh nghe dan giin, phu hpp vdl k h i nang eung Ung vattu, cho phij hpp vdi ttfng ddng xe, trinh dd edng nghe eCia cac ca sd sin xuat nUdc C Bai b i d gidi thieu mpt sd ket q u i nghien cuifu ve thiet ke, lap dat va v i n hanh he thdng c l p LPG tren ddng xe khich Transinco dang sif dung don nhien lieu diesel Thiet ke, tap dat he thong cap LPG cho xe khach Transinco 2.1 Khdo sdt vi tri Idp ddt hi thdng cdp LPG to sau ell tao d i m b i o ehuyen ddng an toan tren mpi loai dudng giao thong Binh chtfa LPG cd ket c l u hinh tru nam ngang, kfch thudc O330 x 950mm, dung tieh 65 Ift Tren binh cd van cd khf ddng md LPG b i n g tay, van dien tif ddng md LPG, ddng hd bao mUc LPG va van nap LPG (Hinh 1) Binh ehufa LPG dupc lap d i t tren tam thep dem day 2mm thong qua hai dai kep d hai phia d i u binh (Hinh 2) Dai £)di vdi ddng xe khich Transinco co dpng ed d phia kep dupc l i p len t i m thep bing cic buldng Ml O.Tam thep sau, qua trinh l i p d i t phii ehia thiet b\ cung cap dem duoc lap len khung xUdng dpe san xe bing buldng LPG t h i n h cum chi tiet d vi tri khac nhau: M10 Binh chtfa LPG dupc lap doe theo ehieu dai thin xe Cac chi tiet nhu bp hda hai LPG, van dien tCf, bo Van nap LPG dupc hudng ben ngoai giiip thao t i c bdm Ipc LPG, vdi phun v l e l m bien i p suit tang ap dudng nap duae lap d i t khoang chu'a ddng ea de d i m b i o giam tdn that nhiet va t h u i n ldi cho viec lly nude lam mat tU dong cd; - Binh ehtfa LPG dupe lap khoang dung dd eua xe de t r i n h bi va dap xe di ehuyen v l t h u i n tien cho viec nap LPG tai cic tram nap; Bd ECU, edng t i e ON/OFF, dong hd bao mufc LPG, role dUde lap d i t tren khoang III de Hi xe de quan sit va dieu khien 44 lU KHI-SP 12/2014 Hinh J Ket cdu binh chUa LPG PETROVIETNAM nap thUe hien de dang, thuan tien eho viec dong md van Cd khf tren binh chda LPG va co the quan sit ddng hd b i o mufc LPG dtfng ben ngoii xe 2.3 Phuang dn cdp nhiit vd bdtribp chuyen doi hda hai LPG, van dien tdlen xe Nhien lieu LPGtufdanglongdUdcchuyen sang dang hdi bing bp hda hdi (Hinh 4), Bd hda hPi LPG dUdc ch^ tao bang nhom, ben cd mdt khoang rdng chda LPG va dudng nUdc di xung quanh khoang LPG tU binh chda qua dUdng dng dan vao khoang cua bd hda hdi thong qua van mpt chieu, van cd the dieu ehinh lUu lupng LPG di qua trudc v i o khoang hda hoi Bd hda hoi duoc cap nhiet bang nudc lam mat dong cd Tren bp hda hdl eo gan eim bien nhiet Khi nhiet nudc > 50°C, elm bien se tac dung de dong eong tae nhiet thdng mach dien ap c l p cho ECU de dieu khien he thdng c l p LPG De d i m b i o LPG Idng khdng v i d bo hoa hdi nhiet dd nude lam m i t eon thip, van dien tufdUdc g i n trudc bp hoa hoi (Hinh 5) Van dien tU ehi lam viec du hai dieu kien: dpng co dang d trang thai l i m viec v i nhiet dp nude lam mat qua bp hoa hai s SCC De d i m bao an toan eho dpng co, LPG trudc vao dudng nap ddng ca dupe di qua bd Ipe LPG {Hinh 6) Bp loc LPG Ipc cic bijl, can bj lan v i o LPG q u i trinh sin xuat hoic q u i trinh nap LPG \ © Sau khio sit, tinh t o i n vj trf l i p d i t , toan bd thiet bj bd hoa hdi, van dien tif, bd Ipe LPG khoang dpng cd dUpe dat tren mdt t i m b i n g sat, sau V Hinh Ket cdu cua bd hda hot LPC dd g i n vao s i t xi cCia xe Bin ve l i p dat bo hda hoi, van dien ttf va Ipc LPG dupe the hien tren Hinh 2.4 Thiet ke Idp ddt ECU vd cdng tdc ddng md LPG ddng xe khdch Transinco Bo ECU eua he thdng cung cap LPG (Hinh 9) co g i n ddng hd hien thi i p suit t i n g ap dUdng nap; ddng thdi cd eae phfm chu'c nang de cii dat he thdng LPG q u i trinh lap d l t va van hanh he thdng Cdng t i e dong md LPG (Hinh 9) cd t i c dung eung cap dien i p cho t o i n he thdng cap LPG Tren cong t i c cdn ed cae mufc LPG de bao lUpng LPG binh chtfa Vi the, vi tri lap dat ECU va cdng tac ddng md LPG p h i i dupc d l t tai khoang lai, cho phep l i i xe cd the ddng md he thdng c l p LPG va kiem tra hien trang Hinh Kit cdu cua van dien tU lam viec cua he thdng LPG DJiUKHl-Sd 12/2014 45 V C O N G NGHE - CONG TRINH DAU KHI Cong tSc nguon chinh Hinh W M chuptiiUctevi tri ECU vd cdng tdc LPG khoang idi tren xe Sau tien hanh l i p d i t he thdng cung c l p LPG len xe nhU tien trinh n^u tren, xe khich Transinco cd thiet ke tdng the sau c i i tao sO' dung 6MC ludng nhien li^u LPG/Diesel(Hinh11) 2.5 Quy trinh kiem tra he thdng cdp LPG vd van hdnh xe 2.5.1 Kiem tra hi thong cung cdp LPG sau I6p dot Sau lap dat xong toan bd he thdng eung clp LPG, eIn hieu chinh ty le nhien lieu LPG/diesel {gdc phun sdm ddng ed) eho phu hpp v l tien hanh kiem tra nhu sau: Cic mdi l i p ghep d i m b i o dii ben q u i trinh suf dung xe 12 t h i n g ; Lam sach cie mat kim loai q u i trinh lip them cic chi tiet de trinh m i l mon cic chi tiet khac ddng cP; Md van co tai binh LPG, kiem tra hien tupng rd ri LPG ctia binh chda; Bat eong t i c he thdng cap LPG, kiem tra rd ri LPG cac diem ndi va tren toan dudng dng; Dinh ky 12 t h i n g hoae 100.000km (tiiy theo dieu kien nao dat ducic trUdc) tien hanh kiem tra an toan lai tai cic diem ndi, dudng dng dan LPG 2.5.2 Quy tnnh van hdnh xe sau chuyen doi sang sd dung LPG/diesel Hinh Cdc bdphdn cap LPG cho xe khdch Transinco Tien hanh nd may xe tai eho kiem tra nhiet dp kich hoat cong tie nhiet ctia bp hda hai LPG eho cae xe chuyen ddi; Cum thii't bl dieu khien Man hinh hien thi \ Sau nap ludng nhien lieu LPG/diesel lan dau, kiem tra lai tinh trang xe bang cich nd miy, thay ddi ehe dp ga MAX Al 15 phut; Tien hanh chay khoing 30 - 50km {sau l i p dlt V V? he thdng cap LPG) de kiem tra k h i n i n g hoat ddng dn \ Cong lac bat/tit LPG Hinh Ket cau bd dieu khien LPG (ECUj vd cong tdc bottdtLPO 46 DAUKHI-S012/2014 dinh cua he thdng cap LPG; Kiem tra ap suit t i n g I p dudng nap LPG v l nhi^t dd d i u boi tron sau mdi quang dUdng chay 500km PETROVIETNAM r ~^ ^J1 s W—^Mj ,;;—ff"7=c±3-^'B ^; ijE— „ "TJ a.M W— W/nA T T Thiet ke tong the sau ldp dat he thong cung cdp LPG cho xe khdch Transinco Ket qua thCf nghiem hien trUcfng giufa xe khach Transinco sd dung dcfn nhien lieu diesel va lu'dng nhien lieu LPG/diesel Ket q u i thif nghiem duac the hien b i n g dd thi so sinh true tiep giUa xe khieh Transinco sif dung ddn nhien lieu v i ludng nhien lieu LPG/diesel eho thay t i c ddng cua UPG/dlesel nhien lieu ddi vdl t h i i cic xe thtf nghiem | Tuf cic thi bleu dien p h i t t h i i (Hinh - ) cho thay, c i hai xe d td thuf nghiem sau chay thtf nghiem hien trUdng 30.000km lam cho khe hd giufa piston va 240001im 30 0POI