Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe mo / D A N H GIA H I E N T R A N G CONG TAC NO MJN VA DE XUAT GIAI PHAP NANG CAO HIEU QUA NO MJN TAI CONG TRJNH THI CONG GIENG Dl)NG MO THfiN H^M LO NUI BEO Drilling and b[.]
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o / D A N H GIA HIEN TRANG CONG TAC NO MJN VA DE XUAT GIAI PHAP NANG CAO HIEU QUA NO MJN TAI CONG TRJNH THI CONG GIENG Dl)NG MO THfiN H^M LO NUI BEO Drilling and blasting operation is one of the mam links, TS PHAM MINH DUC usually carried out with high level mechanized equipment The TS L £ V A N C O N G dnlling and blasting efficiency has great impacts on the KS NGUYEN TRi T H A N G construction cost and speed of the vertical shafts In this paper, KS PHi V A N L O N G the authors have introduced the current situation of the drilling Vien Khoa hoc Cong nghe Mo • Vinacomin and blasting operations in the construction works of the vertical shafts at Nui Beo underground coal mine and proposed some Bien tap: TS Trwong BO-c Dw technological solutions for increasing the efficiency in this work as well Du dn xdy dyng mo h i m 16 Niii Beo chinh lieu va chit lugng ching giCr cua vo ching thire kho'i cong 3-2-2012, cong suit thilt gilng ke hai trieu t i n than nguyen khai/nam, khai Dilu kien (^a chit mo, do, chu y l u la thong mo' via bing cap gieng dung xuing din dja chat c6ng trinh vd dja chit thuy van la hai mu-e - 381,6m, sau 416,6m, ehu y l u dp dyng ca y l u t l anh hud'ng d i n hieu qua khoan, no giai hod khai thdc Viee thue hien Du an Khi thi cong gilng dirng tai mo than Ha Lim, nay, duge ddnh gid Id mpt buac ngoat quan t i c thi cong vd mpt s i chi tieu v l khoan n l , trpng, khong chi" vai Cong ty than Nui Beo md ca ching giCr gieng eao Tie dp ddo, ching gilng vai Tap doan Cong nghipp Than - Khodng sdn dan thuin dat dugc khoang 100m/thdng Vipt Nam chuyin d i n tir khai thac lo thien Trong thi eong gieng dirng mo than him 16 sang khai thac bang cong nghe him 16, duge ky NCii Beo dang gap mot s i v i n de gay can tro' vpng Id tiln d l xdy dung hang lopt cdc mo than d i n t i c dao gilng, Id thi cong khoan n l him 16 gilng dirng thai gian tai Du kiln c6n gap kh6 khan, thira tilt dien va hp s i den nam 2017, mo than him 16 Nui Beo se di si> dyng 16 chua that tit, ngoai ra, nhirng vao khai thac, den nam 2018, se dat cong suit kho khan thue hien cae cong doan phu tra 1,7 tripu t i n va d i n nam 2019, dat cong suit Cham, c i n nhung bien phdp hodn thien & day, thiet k i tripu tln/nam khuon k h i mpt bdi bao chua the d l cap rpng C6ng tdc khoan n l Id cong nghp phd dd va sau ma chf neu mpt s i giai phdp dac trung tiln guang sir dyng ehu y l u dao sdu gilng Hien trang thi cong g i l n g dii'ng chinh, dirng a nuo'C ta Thi cong cdc gilng chfnh, gilng phy mo than h i m 16 Nui Beo gid va gilng phu tai mo than Ha Lim truac day T i c dp, nang suit ddo sau gilng phy thuoc hay thi eong ddo sau cdc gilng chinh, gilng phu vdo nhilu y l u t l , do, dong vai tro quan mo than him 16 Nui Beo hien vdn sir dyng Id dieu kien dia chit mo va cdc chi tieu dia edc thilt bi khoan lo la t l hgp dan khoan chit eong trinh, dia chit thuy van khu vye thi treo vai so lugng tir d i n c i n khoan, nang cong gilng Thi cong dao sdu gieng dirng, than lugng cung cap eho cdc may khoan Id nen gilng (Ing try) xuyen qua hlu hit cdc lap da Thai gian khoan tien guang gilng thuang chilm trim tich vai dp ben, chilu ddy vd nirt ne tir 25-30% tong thai gian eua mpt ehu ky dao mli lap va giu'a cac lap khac anh hud'ng gilng (-1400/5667phut) [2] din I n djnh cua dd thdnh gilng Mirc dp on Th6i gian khoan, hipu qua su dyng !o min, dmh da gieng tac dong d i n kich thud'e, kich thuac dd sau no, sy thira, thilu tilt dipn tiln dp dao sau, vai viee su' dung vo ching tam n l min, Id nhung yeu t l quan trqng, anh vd vo chong eo dinh Trong thi cong ddo sdu huang d i n t i c dp dao sdu gilng, den chi phi vpt gilng dirng tai khu vyc mo Quang Nmh, v i n d l KHCNM S6 10/2014* CNKT HAM L Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o Bang TT Tinh chat c c ly Cdtkdt 957.22/GC oa ben ndn a„ (kG/cm^) 767.89/GP 89.08/ GC Dd bin keo: Ok (kG/cnf) 75.70 /GP H6 sd kien cd: f 8+10/GC;/GP Ghi chu: GC- Giing chinh, GP-Giing phu nw&c chiy tu- mat dat v l ni/dc Idng d i t Inh hud'ng khdng nhd d i n tien d i o s i u gieng, d§n md'c on dinh d l gieng sau nd Loai da sat/tit Setket 453.12/GC 293.07/ GC 365.94/GP 51 95/ GC 36.33/ GC 43.09 /GP 4+6/GC;GP 3/GC San kdt 1109.55/GC 981.88/GP 97.13/GC 88.40/GP 10+12/GC;GP lo mdt ehu ky d i o giing dii'ng nhd hon nhiiu, toe khoan sau cua may khoan nhanh hon Ngoli iyc nen ep eua ddng co nen hole ddng co thuy lue m l m i y su dyng, D i e diem co hoc i3a c i c gidng chinh mdt phan quan nO-a i l t o i n bd luong phu md ham id Nui Beo cd t h i gidi thieu tdm t i t eua miy khoan d i u ddn len mui khoan Vi vay, tai bang thdi gian khoan sau mdt Id 4,4m ch[ khoang tir Kdt qui tinh toan lu'ong nu'dc ngim Idn nhit 5-12 phut, theo dd, thdi gian khoan mdt guong chiy vao gidng chinh I I 19,7m'/gid v l gieng phu giing 120 Id ehi khding 8-10 gid [3] la 6,5m^/gid Tir eic t i i lieu c l p nhat k i t qua thi edng cac Tif ket qua thu du'gc qua giam sit t i e gia cua giing dung tai md than Ha L i m nhu-ng nam trude v l tai md than h i m Id Nui Beo [3] hien Vien Khoa hoc Cdng nghe Md qua trinh thi cdng gidng dung md him Id Nui Beo v l cac t i l cho thay: lieu nghiem thu giai doan thdi gian gan diy, Trong thi cdng d i o giing dirng, guong thi thiy ring, thi cdng gieng dung, v i tdc dd cdng thudng xuyen cd nude, dd, edng tac thi cdng dio siu, hieu q u i khoan nd cdn khoan, nap nd gap nhiiu khd khin Ben nhiiu han chd, cdng tic khoan, nd min, hieu qua canh dd, chit luong bua khdng dim bao, thi chua nhu mong mudn, the hien qua hai yeu td cdng khdng diing theo hd ehieu, sir dung kip vi chinh II he sd su dung Id v l he so d i o vuot sai dien, nen cd hien tuong bd lo sau no min, (thua tiit dien) so vdi c i c chi tieu d i t (TI=0 75 chat luong, kich thudc da sau nd khdng dong -0,85; k = 1,2-1,9) diu Khoan nd i l cdng doan diu tien cua mdt chu ky die, chong giing dung Gidng nhu thi cdng cac dudng Id bang, cic nen, him tram, khoan Id I I cdng doan chiim k h i nhiiu thdi gian va ddng vai trd quan d i n hieu qua nd Trong dao Id bing, nen, him tram, thdi gian khoan chiim tu 25-30% tdng thdi gian mot chu ky dao id Khi thi cdng id bang, miy khoan ho?t ddng chu yiu dua v i o nang luong phi d l tir diu miii khoan, truyin tir ddng co khoan (khi nen hoac ddng co thuy luc tiiy thudc ioai may khoan su dyng) Khi su dung c i c d i n xe khoan, nhd iuc diy cua khoi luong miy ldn nen ddng luc sinh tai dau miii khoan cao hon, tdc xoa^y cda d i u khoan k i t hop vdi t i n suat dap nhieu hon, nen toe dp khoan nhanh hon So vdi viee khoan id dao Id bang, Ihi edng dao gieng dirng, thdi gian khoari KHCNM so 10/20IJ* CNKT H A M L Bay cung chinh la nhu'ng nguyen nhin gay nen thira tiit dien, khdng nhifng han c h i toe thi edng, m l cdn ting chi phi v | t tu, vlt lieu Hd chiiu khoan id duoc xay dung Iren CO sd tinh chit co hoc eua khoi d l guong 16 Nhung de hieu qua nd tot, v i n d i ean quan lam la viec su- dung cle Id khoan, hay cum io khoan de tao mat thoing Trong t i t ca eic hp chiiu dang duoc I p dung tai c l e gieng dimg md him Id Nui Beo deu sir dung cym lo dot pha dang nem, gdc nghieng eua Id ddt pha it Ihay dii theo kiencd cua da Tren hinh the hipn hd chilu khoan Id d i o giing Nui Beo, I p dung dieu kien d l cd kien co f = 4+ Din khoan SJZ-4,5 (BYKC) dang thi cong o giengdung md Niii Beo, vdi t i c dp khoan nhanh, mpt Id s i u 4,5m, thdi gian khoan ehi khoing den phut Vi du, ca 12/9/2013, a guong Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o v i n d l mang tinh kinh t l , ky thuat Nhu Tieu chuin thi cong cae dudng 16 va gilng dirng cua CHLB Nga, CHMH 3.02.03-84 quy ^nh, mirc thira tilt dien, tugng u-ng tilt dien ddo cua cong trinh, nhij-ng dilu kien d i t dd d guang cy the , dugc t h i hien bang Nham han ehl thira tilt dien thi eong dao gilng dirng bang khoan n l min, tren ea sd kinh nghiem va ngodi nudc, tdc gia d l xuit mpt so giai phap, nhu sau: 2.1 Nhimg giai phap tong the nham tang hieu qua no gieng dimg Xdy dung hO chilu khoan phu hgp vdi thiet bj thi eong: Ddn khoan SJ2-4,5 (BYKC) treo duo-i sdn cong tac co lugng vd kich thudc Idn (6 din tin) Viec dilu khiln cae ein khoan de dpt gdc nghieng 82°, nhu thilt k l d l i vdi cym 16 dot phd dang nem vd cum Id bien Id rit kho khan Tir dd, sau thi edng, khoang each day lo dpt pha Idn, cung nhu khoang each tir ddy 16 bien din dudng bien thilt k l rit khd dam bao Be han ehe su thira, thilu tiln dipn n l c i n quan tam den mdt s i v i n de ve sy hinh thdnh phlu n l vd c h l ngy bdn kinh phlu n l min, tuang quan giua cdc 16 khoan cae cum 16 khoan dot phd, pha va cym Id bien Hlnh HQ chiiu khoan l5 qua dSc6f=4-6 D l i vdi cdc lo dpt pha va lo pha, vung nirt ne thi cdng dSo giing dung md him Id NOi B§o quanh 16 cang 16'n cdng tit, nhung doi vdi vdng thi cong gilng phy, 480 phiit da khoan Id bien, ngugc lai, hpn c h l sy phd va da dugc 96 16 khoan Nhu vay, vipc tang them s i khli dd thdnh gilng cdng it cdng tit lugng 16 khoan hay su" dyng 16 khoan md D l i vdi cum 16 bien, 16 khoan cang sau ((t)110mm hoae lan han) kh6ng Idm cham t i e thi khoang edeh giOa cac ddy 16 cang Idn Day tiln guang [1] Id nguyen nhan phdi khoan Ipi d l n l nin Dk xuit mpt s6 giai phap khic pliuc dang mit nhilu thdi gian va tang lugng thuic n l nhdm han c h l thCra t i l t dien dao g i l n g dao 16 Nhu vay, d l he s i sir dung Id cao (0,9 - 0,95), khoang each giij-a cae day lo dipng Ddo vugt tilt dien thi cdng gilng dirng khong qua xa (> 0,6m) su dung vat lipu hay 16 bang, bang cong nghp khoan n l Id no thdng thudng Day Id y l u to cdn xem xet d l Bdnq 06 ben cua dat da khu virc thi cdng gieng, MPa Di^n tich m$t cit gieng Tir 20 din 100 TCr din 20 L&n hon 100 (theo thiit ki), nf Mm mm mm 75 110 10 45 e i n 20 75 110 45 20 din 40 % Ldn hon 40 40 % 60 % 110 KlICNMSd 10/2014* CNK I I I \ \ I L w Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o tinh toin bd tri Id tren guong gieng Mat khae, hieu qua mdi doi nd phu thupc rat Idn v i o sd luong mat thoing v l g i l trj kich thude dudng khang nho nhat (khoang each giu'a Id tdi mat thoing) mang nd Kinh nghiem thi cdng c i c dudng Id tiet dien Idn tai c l e cdng trinh h i m thuy dien [1] tai Yaly hay R i o Quin trude day, cho thiy, viec bd trijd thoing dudng kinh Idn, tai t i m cym Id dot pha, dem lai hieu q u i rit cao Ld thoing dudng kinh idn (4)110mm) tai chinh giii'a guong tao nen mat thoing v l gilm dudng khing din diy eae Id dot p h i (hinh 2) Bo tri Id tao mat thoing v l gia trj dudng khing nhd nhit, vdi hd chiiu khoan nd nhu dang I p dung tai Nui Bep, diing dan khpan SJZ4,5 hay BYKC, lap mOi khoan pha, dudng kinh 110mm vudng gdc vdi mat giing Chiiu s i u lo khoan trdng bang chiiu s i u lo khoan nem Khd khin eiia khoan no giing dirng Irong VI In 15 b i a i tfODE viing dja chat thuy van phii'c tap luong nirdc nhiiu, can tro quan sal djnh vj lo khoan, chit luong nd, ehat luong bua min, nhat I I bua sel + cit Viee sii' dung Id thoing khong nhirng them mat thoing thii' hai eho cum lo dpi phi d^ng nem, ma edn l i m nhiem vu thu nudc Iren m|l guong Guong giing b i c xiie tap phiu don nudc vao Id thoing Budng kinh lo thoing Idn du de bd tri "chd bom" d i bom hut nude vio thiing trdn, dua len mat dat (5ng hut mim dau lap "ehd" vdi c i u tap gid bom dang van mpt chiiu, bap boc bdi ludi mat cao d i ehan ell da, d i u lap vao may bom hiJt de bom vio thang thiing trdn 2.2 Khoan lo khoan khong nap thuoc tren vong 16 bien gieng dimg Cle t i l lieu ve nd tao bien dio chdng Id bing, nen v l h i m tram diu khang dinh v l thuc t i chirng minh ring khoan no tao bien mang l?i ioi ich kinh le nhiiu hon, mac dii Ilng chi phi nhin cdng va may thi cdng Trong no tao bien, de bidn Id phang, thinh lo luu iai tren m|t bidn Id, thuoc n i phai bd tri deu vdi khoi luong nhd tren toin bd chilu s i u 16 Luong thuoc mdi Id bien chf bang 2/3 luong thuoc tren lo cdng phi Vipc si> dung eiing loai dudng kinh va mat dp thuoc no, dan d i n thuoc nd t i p trung lai diy Id Nen viing d l thinh Id noi m|t dp thuic eao se bj pha rpng, tao nen viing hdm bien Id De thuoe no phin bd deu Iren toin bp chilu d l i Id min, ngudi ta phai su' dung thdi thupc nho hon, d l i hon hole bo Iri eae thdi thuoe phin doan, khoang giira hai thdi thuoc d l l eae mlu g6 d l i 7-10cm Tuy nhien, nhCrng thao t i e phirc tap sir dyng Ihdi thuoe dudng kinh nhd, nhu phai thay chodng, mui khoan, nap phan doan n i tao bien nhu tren, nen phuong phip niy it dircfc I p dyng Hien nay, d i tao bien phing nhan mS khdng phli Ihay doi thiet bj, phy kign ngirdi ta thirdng sir dyng rat cd hiey qua phuong phap "Bd Iri c i c Id khoan khdng n^p thunc nim xen ke cle Id nap thuoc tren vdng bien' Theo phuong phap niy, c i c Id xen 1(8 Hlnh Hd chiiu khoan Id sir dung id khdan cae Id n?p thuoc I I mpt bien phip Ilng them mat tidng di tdng mdt thodng, gidm dudng khdng thoing v l c i i lhi#n g i l Iri "dudng khang nho KHCNM S6 lO/MU' CNKT HA1« L Thdng tin khoa hpc c6ng ngh# mo nhit" Theo ly thuyet v l phlu no, khoi lugng thuic no nhd han cac 16 phd, lai phan bd tap trung tir phia ddy 16, ben tren ddy phlu xen kep cac 16 thoang, nen n l , cac khe nirt duac cdc l6 thoang ngan chan khdng phat triln sau vdo khoi da nguyen Khoang cdeh cae Id bien duge thilt k l su dyng tai gilng dirng Niii Beo Id 540mm (37 Id) Trong dilu kipn da cd dp kien c l f = 4- 6, khoang cdeh giua cae Id bien hgp 1^ Id (600 - 650)mm, tugng irng s i lo bien giam xuing 29 lo Giua hai 16 nap thuic n l , khoan them mpt 16 khoan khdng npp thule, chieu sau chf bing 2/3 chilu sdu Id nap thule (3m/ 4,4m) Vdi t i c dp khoan sau cua ddn khoan SJZ-4,5 hay BYKC (4 may khoan Idm viec dong thai) Idn, nen thdi gian mpt mdy khoan mgt 16 sau 3m ehi khoang phiit hay ting tho'i gian khoan them cac lo khdng nap thuic chf h i t 32 phut Do dd, viee khoan them cac id thodng, thdi gian khoan tang len khong ddng k l W n l Id day kim loai Trong mdi trudng nude, day d i n d l bi nglm nude, cham mdt, gdy cdc su c l n l Kip vi sai phi dien la phuang tien n l dugc kich n l bang sdng no truyin Ing din n l Day ddn n l , day nd cd c i u tao dang Ing, ben cao, khd bj diii, each nudc tit, kha nang kieh n l rit cao, trdnh dugc hipn tugng bd sdt Id, cdm mang no Kip vi sai phi dien dang dugc sir dyng tat ea cdc mo than him 16 Do kha nang kich no chic Chan, d i u nli dan gian, thuan Igi nen hieu qua phd dd, sir dung 16 cao Sir dyng kip vi sai phi dien cho thiy hieu qua n l Idn, thi cdng nhanh, an todn Kha nang thay t h i kip vi sai dien bang kip vi sai phi dien no niin thi cdng gilng dirng rit kha thi K i t luan Be cai thien cdc thdng s i khoan n l nhim day nhanh tie dp dao sau gieng, giam ehi phi vat lipu thi eong thira tilt dipn, hieu qua no 2.3 Thay doi vat lieu bua ehua cao, ngoai vipe dau tu trang thilt bj, phy Vdi thuoc n l P113 dang sir dung n l kipn, hgp ly, thi cong nen dp dung rpng rdi ddo gilng dii'ng, la loai thuic no cd sire vipc sir dung cdc 16 khoan tao them mat thoang, cdng phd trung binh, nhien, vipc si> dyng bua Id khoan giam tinh liln khoi, thao kh6 nudc tren gia cdng tir set va cat, nhat Id mdi trudng mat gilng Ngoai can thay ddi mpt so phu kipn nuac la khdng hipu qua Cae thdi bua dugc gia phuang tien n l min, nhu sir dung bua eat mjn edng tir d i t set trpn ldn vo'i cat, nap bua bang thay bua set + edt; su" dyng kip vi sai phi di^n edeh dua thdi bua vdo Id min, dung sdo nap d l thay the kip vi sai dipn nd min./ diy bua vao lo Trong mdi trud'ng nudc, bua Tai lieu tham khao: bj day ep, set nglm nudc, bua se bj tan Pham Mmh Dire, Le Van Cdng, Phi Van rCra, khdng cdn kha nang niit ehpt Be tang hipu Long, Luu Cdng Nam, Tdo Van Ngan: "Nang qua phd n l bang thuoc n l P113, ngudi ta [1], [3], cao hiiu qua cong tac khoan no thi cong [4] thay bua set bang bua eat mm Cae 16 cac duung 16 tiet dien lan cac du^ng Id mo guang gilng Id nhi>ng Id c6 chilu thing vung Quang Ninh" Thdng tin Khoa hoc edng dirng Trong Id thing dirng, ngdp nude la dilu nghemd 8/2013 kipn rit tot d l rdt eat mjn vao Id min, rdt d l Nguyin Tri Thing: "Bao cao tien thi vao 16 min, eat chen chat kin, giup ndng eao hieu cong gieng difng tai mo than ham id Niii Beo qua n l Thuc te, d nudc ta, cat mjn hay edt thuoc dl/ an xay du-ng cong trinh khai thac ham non Id lopi cat khdng cd gid trj xay dung, re tiln, Id mo than Nui Beo" Tdi lieu luu hanh npi bo, d l khai thdc Ph6ng XDCT Nglm vd M6-Vipn Khoa hoc Cong 2.4 Su' dyng kip vi sai phi di^n Kip vi sai dien la phuang tien n l dang dugc su dyng d l n l thi cdng gilng dirng Kip vi sai dipn sir dyng ddng dipn tir cdc may n l de kich n l D l d i u n i i cdc kip mpng n l thuang su* dgng cdc cdeh d i u nli tilp, song song hay phli hgp, vdi ddy d i n dien den cac kip nghp Md Vd Trpng Hiing Thi cong gieng dung Nha xuit ban KHTN & CN Ha Npi 2012 n.C CbipKMH, M.A MapTbiHeHKO, A K) ripoKonoB: "UlaxmHoe u HodaeMHoe Cmpoumenbcmeo Mscmb OcHau^eHue BepmuKanbHbix Cmeonoe" HoeoMepKaccK - 2000 KHCNM S6 10/2014* CNKT HAM L ... giai doan thdi gian gan diy, Trong thi cdng d i o giing dirng, guong thi thiy ring, thi cdng gieng dung, v i tdc dd cdng thudng xuyen cd nude, dd, edng tac thi cdng dio siu, hieu q u i khoan... dung 16 cao Sir dyng kip vi sai phi dien cho thiy hieu qua n l Idn, thi cdng nhanh, an todn Kha nang thay t h i kip vi sai dien bang kip vi sai phi dien no niin thi cdng gilng dirng rit kha thi K... cai thien cdc thdng s i khoan n l nhim day nhanh tie dp dao sau gieng, giam ehi phi vat lipu thi eong thira tilt dipn, hieu qua no 2.3 Thay doi vat lieu bua ehua cao, ngoai vipe dau tu trang thilt