p chi Klioa hgc Trudng Dgi hge Cdn Tha Phdn A Khoa hoc Tu nhien Cdng nghi vd Mdi truong 28 (2013/ 23 29 , Tap chl Khoa hoc Tru''''dng Dai hoc Can Thd website sj ctu edu vn CONG NGHE TUI U KHI SEVH HOC 6[.]
p chi Klioa hgc Trudng Dgi hge Cdn Tha , Phdn A Khoa hoc Tu nhien Cdng nghi vd Mdi truong: 28 (2 Tap chl Khoa hoc Tru'dng Dai hoc Can Thd website: sj.ctu.edu.vn CONG NGHE TUI U KHI SEVH HOC NONG T H N DONG BANG SONG CUtJ LONG Biti Thi Nga\ Nguyin Huu Chiem' va Pham Viet Nir^ ' Khoa Mdi Trudng vd Tdi nguyen Thien nhiin, Trudng £>gi hgc Cdn Tha ABSTRACT Thongtinchung: Ngdy nhgn: 01/05/2013 The biogas technology is widely used in Vietnam and in the Mekong Delta, Ngdy chdp nhdn: 29 10.2013 especially plastic biogas digesters which has been successfully applied in the rural area in Can Tho City Using plastic biogas systems for treating livestock wastes does not only bring farmers benefits such as creating bioTitle: energy for cooking and lighting, providing organic fertilizers for crops, and The biogas technology of providing nutrients for fish ponds, but also help to improve environmental plastic digesters in the quality, and increase farmer's income leading to the sustainable rural areas of the Mekong development in rural areas in the Mekong Delta There were many studies Delta on alternative local materials in the case of lacking pig manure for maintaining the operation of the biogas digester, which could be accounted Td khda: for water hyacinth, duckweed and garden grasses - the local species Tdi u sinh hoc, ndng Besides, such activities encouraged searching for partners for practicing the luang mdi, chdn nudi heo, GHG emission reduction and exchange of GHG emission reduction cd vudn, gidm thai, certificate in agriculture Therefore, the research on sustainable sinh hgc, luc binh, phdt development of biogas systems in rural areas of the Mekong Delta is needed trien ben vt/ng TOM TAT Keywords: Plastic biogas digesters Cong nghi sinh hgc ngdy cdng dugc sd dung rdng rai d Viet Nam vd new energy, pig husbandry, ddng bdng sdng Cdu Long (DBSCL), ddc biit tui it biogas dugc hg ddn a garden grass, gas emission vimg ndng thdn dp dyng rdt thdnh cdng d Thdnh phd Can Tha Su djjng tiii u reduction, biogas, water biogas xu ly cdc chdt thai chdn nudi qui mo hd gia dinh khdng chi mang lgi hyacinth, and sustainable nhieu lai ich nhu tgo ngudn ndng lugng sinh hgc cho dun ndu vd thdp development sdng cung cdp phdn huu ca cho cdy trdng, bd sung chdt dinh dudng cho ao nuoi thuy sdn md ban chi d nhiim mdi tnrdng, cdi thien thu nhdp ndng hd gdp phdn phdt trien bin viing d viing ndng thdn DBSCL Dd cd nhiiu nghien cuu ve cdc nguyen liiu sdn cd tgi dia phuong di tri hogt dgng cua tlii u biogas neu nhu khong cd dd phdn heo, cdc nguyen lieu nhu luc binh beo tai tuang vd cd vudn dd dugc nghien ciru vd cd khd ndng dp dung tgi dia phucmg Ben cgnh do, viic md rgng hgp tdc vdi cdc ddi tdc nhdm tim cdc gidi phdp gidm phdt thai nhd kinh vd chuyin nhugng phdt thdi nhd kinh dkhuvifc sdn xudt nong nghiip Do vgy, nghiin cuu tri hogt dgng dn dinh cda tiii u biogas d vimg ndng thdn DBSCL la that su cdn thiet GIOI THIEU Dong bdng song Ciiu Long (DBSCL) dugc biit den nhu vimg san xudt nong nghiep trgng yiu ciia ca nuoc vdi diln ticfa ty nfailn gin trieu faecta, dan sd 17,5 ullu ngum (Niin giam thdng ke, 2010) Ddy li vimg chiu thd phi nhilu, he thdng song ngdi chang chit la viing tiim nang cho su Tap chi Khoa hoc Tnr&ng DQI hgc Cdn Tlia Phdn.4- Kboa boc Tir nbien Cong nglie va Mdi Inrang: 28 (2013) 23-29 phat uiln udng ugt vd chdn nudi (Pham Van Thdnh, 2008) Trong dieu kien ed nude ndi chung, kinh te DBSCL da vi dang tang trudng mgnh me, chin nudi chilm mgt phin ty Ugng ldn, da gdp phdn phit triln kinh tl dia phuang va xda ddi gidm ngheo (Duong Tri Dung va ctv., 2010) Tuy nhiin, cdc chit thai phat sinfa tir chan nudi vdn chua dugc quan tim diing miic da lam tang lugng chdt d nhiem vdo mdi trudng, nhit Ii nhiing vimg cd he thdng sdng ngdi ching cfait thi khd ning lan truyin d nhilm li rit ldn (Biii Thi Nga vd ctv., 2010) Neu khdng dugc quan ly tdt cic chat thai giy d nhilm mdi trudng dit, nude vd kfadng khi, tir dd dnh hudng tryc tiep din ddi sdng va siie khoe ngudi vi cic sinh vit khac (Luu Hiiu Manh vd ctv., 2010) Theo ddnh gia ciia Cue Ndng nghiip, chdn nudi heo qui md trang trai d cdc tinh phia Nam vin dang tiip tuc dan diu ca nude Tren thuc te, da c6 hiln tugng d nhiem chdt hOru ca va vi sinh tren cac sdng rach d DBSCL, md d dd chin nudi la mdt nhung ngudn ddng gdp chii ylu vao van dl giy d nhiim mdi trudng tgi cho vi khu vyc ldn can (Ll Trin Thanh Liem, 2010) Theo Ll Hoang Viet (2005) cdc chdt thai cfain nudi nlu dugc xir ly hieu qui se mang lai nhiiu lgi ich thiet thuc Quin ly chat thai chin nuoi khdng chi ngdn chin nhilm mdi trudng ma tii tgo nang lugng phuc vu san xuit (Duang Nguyin Khang, 2008; Nguyen Quang Khdi, 2001) Do vay, dp dung tiil ii sinh hgc (tlii ii biogas) de xii ly chdt thai chan nudi qui md hd gia dinh la mpt giai phap hgp ly va ben vung d vimg ndng thdn DBSCL (Nguyin Hiiu Chilm vi EijiMatsubara,2012) 2.7.2 Nguyen ly hoat ddng Nguyin lieu dau vio la cic chit thai Uong chdn nudi nhu: phan Uau, bo, heo, gi, vit, dugc cho vao tiii ii, dudi tic dyng phin huy ciia cdc vi sinh vdt cd Uong chit thii se phan giii cic hgp chdt him ca phan (Lyong Diic Pham, 2002) Sau thdi gian tir 15 - 30 ngiy se sinh khf sinh hoc gdm phan ldn mltan (CH4), CO2 vd cdc khac (N2, H:, H2S, ), ndy sau dd se theo dng thu den tiii chiia khf (Nguyen Van Kha, 2012) Lugng di vao cang nhieu thi ip suat tiii ehiia se cang tang lln vi khf dugc diy din bep dun cdng mgnh Trong trudngfagptui cfaiia ddy thi ap suit ben Uong tui tdng len, cd thi dugc ehuyin den bep dun va cac thilt bi sii dyng sinh hpc Khi bep khong hogc ft sir dung, ip sudt tlii chua tang lln khf cd the dugc thodt ngoai qua van an toin bo Ui d tren dudng ong din thong vdi tiii chiia kh( Khi thilt bi di vao hoat dpng phai thudng xuyen theo ddi va kiem tra lugng khi, dp sudt khi, lay bd can lang, xd nude dgng ducmg dng vd kiem tra nhimg true trac Uong van hanh hogc hu hong de phat hi|n nguyen nhin va khac phuc kip thdi Tuoi thp ciia tiii u biogas phy thudc rat ldn vao kiln thirc vd kinh nghiim Uong viec tri vi bio duong tiii ii ciia cac chii h^ Da so thdi gian sii dung tiii li biogas Id khoang dudi nam, nhien neu bao quin tdt trinh tiep xiic tryc tilp vdi anh nang mat trdi vi khdng bi rich, tiii ii si cd tudi tho tren 10 ndm (Le Tuylt Minh vd ctv., 2010b; Nguyin Hiru Chilm va Eiji Matsubara, 2012) T N G QUAN VE TUI U BIOGAS 2.1 Cau tao vd nguyen Iy fao^t dpng 2.1.1 Cdu tgo (1) Tlii li biogas: la tiii nilon logi day thilt kl ldp chiiu dai 10 m dudng kinh m, hai ddu noi vdi hai dng dudng kinfa 150 mm (mgt ddu nap nguyen lieu vao va mgt diu ra); (2) Ong thu khi: dat cdch diu nap nguyin lilu 1,5 m mgt ong nhya 021 cd khda van an toan Trong hoat ddng thi van ludn md, kfai cd sy cd thi khda van dl khf khdng thoat tir tiii ii; (3) Ong ddn khf: dng nhya niem noi vdi 6ng thu khi, trin dudng di cd van an toan; Uong trudng hpp khdng sir dung, tiii chiia cing ddy ldm gia tang dp sudt thi kfai se ty dpng day cpt nude lln cao nude se thodt ngoii qua Id thdng nude; (4) Tiii chtra khi: tui nilon logi day dugc thiit ki ldp vdi chilu dai m, dudng kinh m(Hinh la& lb) Hinb la: So he thong tiii ii biogas Chu thich Tui ii biogas Co chir T ' Loi nap nguyen lieu Tan an loan Loi thodt nuac thai Tui trir Loi thoai Bep dun s Ong ddn Tgp chi Kboa hgc Tnr&ng Dai hgc Cdn ThoPhdn A: Klioa hoc Tir nhien Cong nghe vd Mdi trudng-2812013 - Mim ba ciia tiii u cung zap ngudn phin hiiu ca sinh hpc, gidm sii dung phin hda hgc qua giiip cdi tgo ddt ndng cao nang sudt cho ciy trdng (Ngudn: Nguyin Due Lugng vd Nguyin Thi Thity Duong, 2003; Le Hodng Viet, 2005; Li Tuyet Minh vd ctv 2010b) THU'C TRANG AP DVNG VA NGHIEN c u t ) CONG NGHE KHI SINH HQC DBSCL Hinh lb: Tui ii biogas dirge ndng hp sir di^og a xi M^ Khanb, huyen Phong DIIB, Thanfa phd Cdn Tfao2.2 U'u va ohugrc diem ciia tiii ii biogas 2.2.1 U'u diim Cd kha ndng dp dung rdng rai: phii hgp vai dilu ki|n chan nuoi cCia hd gia dinh - Tinfa thi cao: gid thdnh re de lap dat, vgn hinh dan giin, trung binh khoang 2-3 trieu ddng/tiii thdp hon dang kl so vdi ham li vdi gid Uung binh khoang 7,3-9,5 trieu dong/him (Ll Tuyit Minh va ctv., 2010a) - Phyc vy nhu cau nang lugng (thay cho cui ddt) d nong hp - Giii quylt nhilm mdi tnrcmg Uong chan nuoi d nong thdn 2 Nhuac diim Tlii iJ iam bing nilon nin de hdng bdi dilu kien ty nhiin, ngoai ciing cd the bi gd, vit, chudt Iam thiing ga>' hdng he thdng 2.3 Vai trd ciia eong ngbl sinh hpc Sy phdt trien ciia nginh chan nuoi di ldm gia tdng cac sdn pham thii, nen viec tan dung nguon chit thii tao sinh hpc la gidi phip thay the ndng lugng thi do: Tgo ning lugng dot hgn che pha rimg Xii ly tdt cic tic nhan gieo rac mim benh Uong pfain vi nude thai cua tiii biogas giam miii hoi, it rudi nhing deo bdm, dgc biet la ky sinh triing vd cic mim benh lay lan bi tiiu diet dang ki gdp phin han chl d nhiem mdi trudng Nude thdi sau qua tui ii biogas cd thi sii dyng di ding va hieu qui Uong md hmfa V.A.C.B; lim thiic dn cho ci sac rin, cd rd phi,, Ngodi ra, nude thai cdn dugc diing dl nudi tao beo lam thiic in cho gia sue gia cim Trong nhiing nim gin diy, chin nudi ed vai trd quan Ugng Uong su phdt triln kinfa tl ciia DBSCL, gdp phdn vao phit triln kinh tl dia phuong va xoa ddi giam ngheo, die bilt li chdn nudi heo Tuy nhiin, qui trinh chin nuoi heo, mpt lugng ldn chat thii khong qua xii ly dugc thai muong, ao sdng rach ldm dnh hudng true tilp din chat lugng mdi trudng nude mdt, cdn ud ddng chay, d nhiem vi sinh vdL gay kfad kfadn cho viec sii dyng nude dl sinh hoat vd hoat dpng san xuat ciia c^ng ddng Trudc thue Uang dd cdng nghe sinh hpc dugc dp dung de giai quvit cic vin dl uln vi chat thai chan nudi hiln dugc xem li nguyin li^u phd bien dl sii dung sin xuat sinfa hpc (D5 Thdnli Nam, 2009) vd dugc dp dung vdi nhieu hinh thiic khac Nhiing ndm gin da; tiii ii biogas dugc dan thay the cho ham u d qui md ndng hp voi gid thap, van hanh va bao Ui dan giin, it ton dien tfch vd dl dang di din (Ll Tuyit Minh vd ctv., 2010a) Tlii u dugc ip" dung rpng rii d DBSCL khdng chi raang lgi lgi ich ve mdi trudng ma cai thien thu nhdp ciia cic ndng hp gdp phdn vio phdt Uiln ndng thdn dua Uln co chl phat Uiln sgch (Clean Development Mechanism - CDM) Co che phit Uiln sach cho phep cac qudc gia phit triln ke hogch cat giam hoac gidi han mirc khf thai nha kfnh thap han theo nghj dinh tfay Kyoto di Cac dy dn cd the bin tin "chi giam phat thdi, mli tin cfai tuong duong I tdn CO2 Mdc dii nhu ciu ap dung CDM cho cic viing nong thdn dugc xem la rit ldn nhung CDM d viing nong thdn vin chua phd bien Trung tdm nghien ciiu kfaoa hgc ndng nghiip qudc ti Nhdt Ban (JIRCAS) dd bit diu nghiin ciiu dp dyng co chl CDM vdo phat triln nong thdn bang vile kilm Ua phi chudn dy an CDM va thyc hiln d cdc nude dang phit triin de cd the gdp phdn vdo phat triln ndng thdn bin vung Cac nghiin cthi cua dy an JIRCAS si chpn nhiing hogt ddng mang lgi ich thiit thyc cho ndng din day manh hieu qui phdt triln cua du in CDM Kit qud ciia nghien ciiu dugc xem nhu cim nai^ hudng din de nhin rdng cic md hinh da thuc hi|n (Nguyin Hiiu Cfaiim vd Eiji Matsubara 2012) Top chi Khoa hoc Tnr&ng Dpi hgc Cdn Tho Pfidn 4: Khoa hoc Ttr nhien Cong nghe vd Moi tru&ng- 28 (2013/ 23-29 Hiln chdn nudi heo da vi dang gap nhilu khd khan ve gidng vi djcfa benfa, gia tfauc dn cao, khau luu thdng, phdn phdi cdn nhieu bat cap nhiing van de niy dd ldm tang rui ro ciia ngudi nudi vd giim sin lugng dan (Bp NN&PTNT, 2011) Do vdy ngucri chan nudi heo phii giim sd lugng dan hay bd Udng chudng Ugi chin nudi thua lo Id khd phd biin, tir dd tinh hinh sii dyng tiii ii biogas trin dia ban bi dnh hudng khong nhd nhu khdng du nguyin lieu nap hay khdng dugc sii dung (Le Trdn Lilm, 2010) Cac nghiin ciiu vi cdng nghe biogas cung cfao thiy rang vi|c li dan thuan mgt loai nguyin Ueu ii si cho failu suit sinh kem hon la sii dung cic chat bo sung sin cd tai dja phuang nhu cd vuan, rom, luc binh, beo (Nguyen Quang Kfaii, 2006; Nguyen Vin Tfau, 2010) Thyc vat thuy smh nhu beo tai tugng, lyc binh va ciy cd (con dugc ggi la cd vudn) la nhiing loai thich nghi cao vdi mdi trudng, phit triln rpng khip va cd ngudn sinh khdi khd dii dao ma it dugc su dyng Trong thinh phin cua beo tai tugng, lyc binfa va cd vudn c6 ham lirgng cacbon cao, cd the sii dyng lam ngudn cung cip cacbon cho vi khuin hogt dgng Do do, phii trOn phan heo vdi beo tai tugng, vdi luc binh va vdi cd vuon nhdm thay thi phdn heo Uong tiii ii biogas Id mpt hudng mdi vd cdn thilt sir dung vdt lieu sin c6 tgi dia phuong dl sin xuit sinh hpc phuc vu nhu cau dun nau, thdp sdng tai cac ndng hp khdng cd y nghTa thong kl d miic y nghia 5% so vdi nghiem thiic phin heo ddi chiing Trong dd, trung binh lugng sinh d nghiim thiic phin heo (ddi chiing) la 5.764 L, a nghiem thiic phin heo phoi trpn beo tai tugng la 3.102 L vd d nghiem thiic phdn heo phdi Udn luc binh li 3.358 L, Trung binh thinh phin CHi sinfa d nghiem thii:c phdn heo la 49,6%, d nghiim thiic phan heo phdi trgn beo tai tugng vi ngfailm thiic phan heo phdi Udn luc binh la 46,1%; trung binh ti 1| khf COj d cdc ngliiem thiic dao dpng Uong khoing 34,335.3% va khac la 16,1% - 18,9% Bin canh dd Kit qui nghiin ciiu ciia Biii Thj Nga va Nguyin Van Kha (2013) cho thdy Uung binh tong lugng sinh d nghiem thirc phan heo phdi trpn loai cd vudn vd nghiim thiic phin heo phdi Udn loai cd vudn khac bilt khong cd y nghia thdng ke d miic y nghia 5% so vdi nghiem thiic phan heo (doi chiing) Tdng lugng sinh d nghiim thiic phan heo la 5.764 L, d nghiem thiic phan heo phdi trpn ba logi co vucm li 4.079 L va d nghiem thiic phin heo phdi Udn biy loai co vudn la 4.032 L Ti 11 phin CH4 sinh d nghiem thiic phan heo phdi trpn logi cd vudn va nghi|m thiic phin heo phdi Udn loai cd vudn ldn lugt Id 42.6% vd 39,2% thap han so vdi nghiim thiic phin heo li 49,6% Tf II phin khf CO2 vi khic d cic nghiem chenh lenh kliong dang ke dd CO: la 34,3-39,4%, khdc la 16,1-21,4% Nhin chung biln ddng tdng lugng (Hinh 2a) vd phdn khf (Hinh 2b) d cac nghiim thiic phin heo phdi Udn vdi beo tai tugng, vdi luc binh va vdi cd vudn khdng cd khic bilt vdi nghiim thiic phan heo (ddi chiing) d miic y nghia thdng kl 5% Kit qua nghiin ciiu cua Biii Huy Thdng (2012) vd Trinfa Hoai Nam (2012) cho thay trung binh tdng lugng va ti 11 phin sinh d nghiem thiic phdn heo phdi trpn beo tai tugng va nghiim thiic phin heo phdi Udn luc binh khic bilt 9000 8000 7000 a 6000 J 5000 a 4000 3000 a a T a [ 2000 1000 Phin heo (dil chl>ng} PhanhsovM b*o tai *"""" Phin hso vo* luc binh Phin heo v&l ba I09I coviFd-r, Phin heo v&i biy loai c6 vairn Hinh 2a: Tdng lupng kfai sinh hgc & cac nghiem tfaiic phoi trpn va doi chung 26 Tcq} chi Khoa hoc Tnrang Dai hpc Cdn Tho Phdn A: Khoa hoc Tu nhien Cdng nghi vd Mdi trudng: 28 (2013/: 23-29 Phan hec vm beo taitirong D?ranhôYJitrtinh Phan hec vci tia bai cos?cn ã Phanlieo voFibaylcaico vu^n ab ab Hinb 2b: Thanh phan kfai sinfa hoc d cac nghiem thuc phoi trpn va ddi cfaung Mit khac theo ngfailn cuu ciia Tfaii Hdng Ciic (2013), Ll Hodng Tdi (2013) vi Tnrong Van Qui (2013) vl khd ndng sinfa cua beo tai tugng, luc binfa \ a cd vudn uong tui u biogas cho lha\ tdng lugng sinh d nghiim thiic phdn heo (ddi chimg) li 6.603 L d nghi|m thiic beo tai tugng la 7.308 L d nghiem ihiic lye binfa Id 6.918 L, d nghiem thiic cd vudn Id 7.689 L Ti II kfai CHt sinh lin lirot d nghiim thiic beo tai tugng, lyc binh va cd \ardn la 54 i% 52J>% vd 48.2% chenh lech khdng ddng so vdi nghiem tfaiic phdn heo la 56.6% Ti II CO2 va khdc ludn tfaip faon kfai CH4 dao ddng ldn lugt la 37,8-46,1% va 5.5-5.8% Theo Tmong Vdn Qui (2013) ti le CH4 thanfa pfain sinh hpc chi dat 41% nhung vin cd kha ndng chdy tdt dl phyc vy nhu cdu dun ndu uong ndng hp Do dd beo tai tupng luc binh \ a cd vudn la ngudn nguyen lieu sdn cd dugc sir dung de thay thi mpt phin hay hoan todn pfadnfaeonham tri hogt dpng on djnh ciia tiii ii biogas gdp phin bio \ e mdi trudng vi cai thien thu nhip cho nong fad GL\I PHAP BE PHAT TRIEN BEN VC^G TL I U BIOGAS ©BSCL 4.1 Giai phdp quan l> Du\ Ui hoat dpng dn dinh ciia tiii ii la mdt Uong nhiing gidi phap chiln luge dl hudng tdi sy phat trien ben viing d DBSCL nfaam giam thilu d nhiem mdi trudng hieu qua nhii, vdy cin tip trims cac giai pfaap sau: Mpt la \a\ dung mgng ludi k> thuit \ ien ldp vd bao tri nil u rpng khdp din ldn td sdn xuit nhdm ho tia nfaanfa cfadng mdi kfai fae thdng tui ii cd sit cd Day li \ilc ldm cd hieu qui khong chi dm- tri he thdng tiii u hoat ddng liln tyc mi cdn hinh thinfa mang ludi vl tinh k> thudt vlln tai cfal voi cfai phi thip Hai la thyc hien chl dp khen thudng kip thoi cac ci nhan vi tgp tfal thuc hiln md fainh san xudt VACB nhdm thiic day ca che phat trien sach d ndng thdn DBSCL ndi riing v i ci nude ndi chimg Vdi md hinh sin xuit VACB ndng din khdng chl bilt each sin xuit khep kin ma cdn tan dung nguon thai tir chin nudi va lim vudn de tri khd nang sinh dn dinh cua tiii u Uong nhiing liic heo hi dich benh; tin dung nude diu ciia tiii ii d.z nuoi ci ao kfadng cdn thiirc an hodc bo sung rit it lugng thiic dn Vdi each lim da giiip ngucn ddn cdi thien thu nhdp moi hd khodng 1-2 trieu ddng/thing Ba la ciing cd mdi quan he hgp tdc giiia cdc co quan Nha nude, dan vi nghiin ciiu cdc td chiic phi Cfainh phii va cac td chiic cpng ddng dl lao i ^ o n tai chinfa hd Up mdt phdn kinh phi cho ngudi din ngheo lap tiii u Ddy li viec ldm cin thiet, nfaat li cac nguon von ciia ngdn hing the gidi hd Ug ddn ngheo phat trien chan nudi khong ldi nfaimg pfaai bio vl mdi tnrdng Cdc hgp tdc xa nen khuyen khich vi uu tiln tao mgi diiu kien tdt nhit dl ngudi din tham gia vd phit triin nil li Bdn la hgp tac qudc tl nhim tii trg, khuyen khich cdng ddng ndng thdn DBSCL phdt triln san xudt dua trin co chl pfait triln sgch (CDM) vdi Top chi Kboa bgc Tnrang Dai hoc Cdn Tha Phdn.4: Khoa hgc Tu nhien Cong nghe vd Moi tnrang: 28(2013j: 23-29 myc tiiu khdng chi gia tdng thu nhdp mi giam thai gdp phdn bao vl mdi trudng cho cdng ddng tai cho vd viing lan can bdng each dp dung md hinh pfaii hgp vdi diiu kiln kinh te ciia timg ndng hg, ddc bill la md hinh VACB (vudn-aochudng-biogas) da va dang rit hi|u qud d Thinh phd Cin Tha va cac tinh viing DBSCL Cac td churc JIRCAS va JICA ciia Nhat da va dang md rOng cdc doi tdc dl phit triln ca chi sach (CDM) d ndng thdn DBSCL nhim cii thien sinh kl ndng hg vi thuc hien gidm phdt thai nhi kinh vi tiln tdi trao doi vi chuyen nhugng pfait thdi nhd kinh d khu vuc sdn xuit ndng nghiep Nim li Nhd nude nin c6 chinh sach khai thdc vi sii dung biogas Uong pham vi ci nude, nfait Id dinh hudng ip dung rpng rdi cing nghe biogas Id mOt nhung ngi dung phat Uiin ndng thdn mdi 4.2 Gidi phap cong nghe Mpt Id ngfailn ciiu da dang hoa nguyen lieu ngp (diu vio) cfao tlii u biogas bdng cdc vgt lieu sin c6 tgi dia phucmg nhu: rom ra, cd vudn, beo cam beo tai tugng, lyc binh nham thay thi mdt phin hay hoan toin phan heo mdi heo bj djch benh hay thi trudng tiiu thy kfadng in dinh Hai la nen nghien cim tich hgp vile sir dung cic thiet bj thap sang d qui mo ndng hp nhdm tari dyng sinh hoc Uong he thdng tiii khong sii dung hit cho vile dun nau de thdp sang, ddng thdi giiip lam tdng failu qui sinh hpc tit tiii u Viec lam niy cd y nghTa thilt thyc a vimg ndng thdn chua cd dien hoic ngudn diln cung cap hgn che Ba Id nghiin ciiu sir dyng nude thdi ddu ciia he thdng tiii ii phyc vu tudi cho cay nham tan dung hit dinh dudng tCr tiil u gdp phan gia tang thu nhip ndng hp va bao vl mdi trudng ddng thdi tilt kilm dugc chi phi sii dyng phan hda hpc TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bill Tfai Nga va Nguyin Vdn Kha-2013 Sii dung cd vudn Ss sin xuat khf sinh hpc d DBSCL Tap chi Ndng nghiip & Phat triin Ndng thon ISSN 1859-4581 Vol (64-70) Biii Thj Nga, Phgm Viet Nii, Trin Sy Nam vi Cd Thi Kfnh 2010 Chit lugng nude tgi ip My Phung, xa My Khanh huyen Phong Diin, TP Cin Tha Bao cdo tgi hgi thdo JIRCAS vl Dieu fra co bin vimg nghien ciiu phat Uiin CDM tai TP Cin Tha BuiHuyThdng, 2012 Kha ndng sinh cua lyc binh frong tiil li biogas Luan van tdt nghiip dai hpc Trudng Dai hpc Can Tha Duang Nguyen Khang, 2008 Hiln frgng vd xu hudng phat friln cdng nghe biogas d Viet Nam Dai hpc Ndng Lim TP Hd Chf Minh Duong Tri Dimg, Nguyin Cong Thugn vi Nguyen Hiiu Chilm, 2010 Nguin lyc ndr^ hg Bao cao tgi h^i thio JIRCAS vi Dilu fra ca bin viing nghiin cuu phdt trien CDM tgi TP Cdn Tho DdThdnhNam 2009 Khdo sdt kfaa ndng sinh vd xir ly nude thdi heo ciia he thdng biogas phu nhya HDPE Kit qua NCKH Hpi thao kfaoa hgc: "Chit thai chan nudi Hiln Uang vd giai phap" Dai hpc Ndng nghiip Ha Npi Ll Hoing Tdi, 2013 Kha nang sinh luc binh {Eichhornia crassipes)frongtiii ii biogas tai My Khanh, huyen Phong Diin, TP Cin Tfao Luin van tdt ngfaiep daifapc,Trudng Dai hpc Can Tha Ll Hoing Viet, 2005 Gido frinh biogas vdi ndng frang Truong Dgi hgc Cdn Tfao 10 Ll Tran Thanh Lilm, 2010 Sii dung phan heo va phan heo trdn luc binh sau ii lara nguyen lieu khf sinh hpc xa My Khanh, huyin Phong Diin, TP Cin Tho Luan vdn Dai hpc, Trudng Dgi hpc Cdn Tho 11 Le Tuyit Minh, Trin Sy Nam, Trin Chin Bac, Ngd Thuy Diim Trang, Nguyin Thi Nhu Ngpc, Ll Anh Kha vd Nguyin Hiiu Chiim, 2010a Nhu ciu xiy dung him li va tlii u biogas tgi mdt sd quan huyen ciia TPCT Bao cao tgi hpi thao JIRCAS vi Diiu fra CO ban viing nghiin ciiu phdt friin CDM tai TP Cin Tha 12 Ll Tuyit Minh, Cd Thi Kinh, Nguyen Tdn Tai, Nguyin Thi Thuy Oanh, Trin Sy Nam, va Nguyen Hiiu Chiem, 2010b, Hien frgng su dyng va bio tri he thdng biogas tai TPCT Bdo cdo tai hpi thao JIRCAS vi Diiu tra ca ban viing nghiin ciiu phat triin CDM tai TP Cdn Tha 13 Luang Diic phim 2002 Cong nghe xii ly chat thai bdng bien phdp sinh hpc NXB Gido Dye 14 Luu Hihi Manh Nguyen Nhut Xuin Dung, Bill Thi Le Minh Nguyen Thiiy Hau vd Vd Trudng Thinh, 2010 Hiln trang chan nuoi heo ndng hd tai xa My Khanh Bio cdo tgi Tap chi Khoa hoc Tru&ng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho Phdn A • Klioa hgc Tu nliien Cdng ngh? vd Mdi tru&ng: 28 (2013): 23-29 fadi thdo JIRCAS vl Dieu fra co bdn yiing nghien ciiu phit triln CDM tgi TP.Can Tfao 15 Nguyin Htm Chilm vi Eiji Matsubara 2012 Sdch chuyen khao Nghien ciiu phdt trien ndng thdn dya frln ca che phat friln sgcfa (Clean Development Mechanism CDM) NXB Dai hgc Cin Tha 16 Nguyin Diic Lugng vi Nguyin Tfai Thiiy Duong, 2003 Cfing nghe sinh hpc moi trudng tap 11 NXB Dai lipc Quoc Gia TP Hd Chi Minh 17 Nguyen Quang Khii, 2001 Cdng nghe kfai sinfafapc.Hi Npi, NXB Xdy Dyng 18 Nguyen Quang Khdi 2006 Hudng dan sir dung phu pham sinh hpc, NXB Nong nghiep Ha Ndi 19 Nguyen Van Kha 2012 Kfad ning sinh ciia cd vudnfrongtiii ii biogas Ludn vdn tit ngfailp dgi hpc, Tnrdng DgifagcCin Tha, 20 Nguyin Vin Thu, 2010 Kit qua bade diu khao sit sir dung cac logi thyc vat de sdn xuat kfai sinh hgc (biogas) Ky ylu khoa hgc: Kfaep kin cic qui trinh tudn hodn dinh duong vl cfadt ca ban vd hai din ve sinh tii cic he thdng thuy lgi phi tap trung d dfing bdng song Ciiu Long (Sansed II), NXB Dgi hgc Cdn Tho 21 Nien giim thdng kl 2010 Nfad xuit bin Thdng ke 22 Phgm Vin Thanh 2008 Cdng nghe sinh hgc (biogas) nhiing ip dung thyc tiln Bao cao tgp huin cdng nghe biogas va sii dung cac sin phdm ciia him u Trudng Dgi Can Tho 23 Thdi Hdng Ciie, 2013 Khi ndng suih ciia beo tai tugng (Pistia stratiotes)frongtui u biogas tai xd My Khanh, fauyin Pfaong Diln, TP Cin Tha Ludn vdn tdt nghiep dgi hgc, Tnrdng Dai hgc Can Tha 24 Trinh Hoai Nam, 2012 Khd ndng sinh cua beo tai tugng frong tiii ii biogas Ludn vin tdt nghiip dgi hgc, Truong Dai hpc Cdn Tho 25 Tnrang Vdn Qui, 2013 Khi ndng sinh ciia mdt sfi loai cd vudn frong tiii ii biogas tai xa My Khdnh, huyen Phong Dien, TP Cin Tho Ludn vdn tfit ngfailp dgi hpc, Trudng Dgi hpc Cdn Tha - ... tic dyng phin huy ciia cdc vi sinh vdt cd Uong chit thii se phan giii cic hgp chdt him ca phan (Lyong Diic Pham, 2002) Sau thdi gian tir 15 - 30 ngiy se sinh khf sinh hoc gdm phan ldn mltan (CH4),... mdt, cdn ud ddng chay, d nhiem vi sinh vdL gay kfad kfadn cho viec sii dyng nude dl sinh hoat vd hoat dpng san xuat ciia c^ng ddng Trudc thue Uang dd cdng nghe sinh hpc dugc dp dung de giai quvit... xuat kfai sinh hgc (biogas) Ky ylu khoa hgc: Kfaep kin cic qui trinh tudn hodn dinh duong vl cfadt ca ban vd hai din ve sinh tii cic he thdng thuy lgi phi tap trung d dfing bdng song Ciiu Long (Sansed