THUC TIEN GIAO DUC '''' ^ NANG CAO NANG LUC QUAN Ll CHO CAC CHU NHIEM TRUNG TAM HOC TAP CONG DONG • • • • d CAC TINH DONG BANG SONG CUfU LONG 1 Oat van de He thdng eae trung tam hpc tap cpng ddng (trung[.]
THUC TIEN GIAO DUC ' ^ NANG CAO NANG LUC QUAN Ll CHO CAC CHU NHIEM TRUNG TAM HOC TAP CONG DONG • • • • d CAC TINH DONG BANG SONG CUfU LONG PGS TS NGO QUANG S0N Bo Giao due va Dao tao ThS NGUYEN VAN TUAN So Giao due va Dao tao Kien Giang Oat van de He thdng eae trung tam hpc tap cpng ddng (trung tam HTCO) d vung Odng bing sdng CUu Long (OBSCL) dupc hinh nhim tao dilu kidn thuan Ipi eho mpi ngudi cdng ddng dupe hpc tap, trang bj kiln thUc, gdp phan tang nang suit lao ddng, giai quyet vide lam Tuy nhidn, hidn van cd khdng it trung tam HTCO boat ddng kem hidu qua nhilu nguyin nhan, dd ed nang life quan li cua chii nhiem trung tam Nang llie quan li (NLQL) ciia chu nhidm trung tam HTCO la sti tdng hpp cac nang life: nang life k l hoaeh hoa, nang life td chUc, nang luc chi dao, nang luc kilm tra va danh gia Thue trang dpi ngu chu nhidm trung tam HTCO hidn v l hinh thUe, sd lUpng la du, nhung v l thtic chit edn nhieu vin depbai xem xet Oai bd phan dpi ngu ehu nhiem cd pham chat dao dUe, tan tuy, nhiet tinh vdi edng vide, nhung vin edn mot sd tdn tai CO ban nbu phin Idn ehua qua dao tao, bdi dudng v l li luan va nghidp vii quan li giao due (QLGD), thilu kiln thUe v l quan li co sd giao diic thudng xuydn (GDTX), thilu nang life huy dpng, td ehUe cac dieu kien phue vu ehUc nang, nhiem vu eiia trung tam HTCO cac bien phap nang cao NLQL cho chii nhiem trung tam HTCO vimg OBSCL 2.1 Ndng cao chdt IdOng ddo tao, boi dddng thudng xuyen cho chii nhiem trung tdm HTCD a Muc tieu eua bien phdp Mdt nhdng nguyin nhan lam han che NLQL eua cbii nhilm la vi hp chua dUpc dao tao de lam edng vide nay, day ehi la mdt ehUc danh kidm nhidm giup eho vide thtic hidn cac nhidm vu ciia trung tam HTCO dupe thuan Ipi han Vi vay, vide dao tao va bdi dudng kiln thUc QLGD ndi chung t/i kiln thUe, ki nang quan li eo sd GDTX ndi ridng, :ung nhU nghiep vu chuydn mdn v l quan li trung tam HTCO cho ehu nhidm trung tam HTCD la nhidm vu ein thiet nham tang eudng hidu qua quan li b Npi dung vd cdch thdc thi/e hien bien phdp Bien phap v l dao tao, bdi dudng gdm ed: - Boi dadng kien thOc vi qudn li ca sd GDTX, qudn li trung tdm HTCD: Ydu ciu quin li co sd GDTX mdi trudng GDTX dang dupe xa hdi hoa va da dang hoa manh me va chiu su tae dpng cua co che thi trudng Odng thdi nhu eiu dupe bdi dudng kien thUe quan lieua ban than ehu nhidmTTHTCO dang tang Idn - Khuyin khich tahgc, fU boi dadng: Quan li la mdt nghe can ed nang ltic tu hpc, tu nghiln eUu de vuon den nhufng hilu bilt mdi, cap nhat nhdng tUu khoa hpe hidn dai hoat ddng quan li Lam tdt edng tae tti hpe, tif bdi dudng se phat huy dupe tinh ehu dpng, sang tao cua ngUdi CBQL, mat khae t i l t kiem dugc ngan sdch, khdng lang phi thdi gian di lai - To chOc ddo tgo cdn bp qudn li: Da sd cac chu nhidm trung tam HTCD deu da qua cac khoa bpc hoac Idp bdi dudng v l kiln tbUc quan li nha nUde nbUng ehl ed 68,3% da qua eae khoa hoe v l QLGD Chinh vi vay, sd ddng chu nhidm cdn lung tung edng tae quan li trung tam HTCO O l khic phuc han che nay, chinh quyln dja phuang cin phdi hpp vdi cae cap quan li eua nganh giao diic va dao tao d l dUa cac tidu ehi can thiet biu can bp vao cac chdc danh lanh dao cip uy hoac chinh quyln Bdi ehinh nhOfng ngudi la ngudn eung cap cae chii nhidm trung tam HTCO Cac ea quan quan li nha nUde cua ehinh quyln dja pbuong (UBND huyen) phdi hop vdi phdng GD&OT ein t i l n hanh soat quy hoaeh va lUa ehpn can bd k l can; td ebUc dao tao ban diu eho ddi tuong quy hoach eung vdi eae ehii nhilm duong chUe ehUa qua dao tao Cae ddi tupng cd t h i duoc eUdIn hpe tap trung tai cac trudng bdi dudng CBQL eiia dja phuong hoac td sd 77 - THANG 2/2012 • 45 ^ THUC TIEN GIAO DUC chUe theo phuong thUc tap trung, tai chUc tai cae TTGDTX cua tinh va huyen 2.2 Xdy dang ea ehe qudn li, ehe dp, ehinh sdeh phii hap; tdng cadng nguon tdi ehinh, ea sd vdt chdt eho trung tdm HTCD a Mue tieu eua bien phdp De chu nhidm cd the phat huy dupc nang lUe eiia minh, c i n phai xay d u n g eo che quan li, che dd, chinh sach phu hop va tang cudng ngudn tai chinh, CO sd vat c h i t cho trung tam HTCO b Npi dung vd cdch thdc tht/c hien bien phdp + Tao mdi trudng lam vide va hanh lang phap li thuan Ipi cho edng tae quan li trung tam HTCO Viphia chinh quyin: Nang cao nhan thUc cua cap uy va ehinh q u y l n dia phuang ddi vdi trung tam HTCD Nang eao nhan thUe eua ngudi dan cpng ddng ve trung tam HTCO thdng qua n h i l u hinh thUc tuyen t r u y i n khae Nang cao nhan thUe v l GDTX can bd nganh GD&OT dia phuong Nang cao nhan thUe cua cae nganh, cac c i p v l t i m quan trpng eua GDTX va trung tam HTCD de tao su chuyen b i l n d i u tucae ngudn life, e h l dp va chinh sach cho eae co sd GDTX Can cU vao quy e h l va thuc t l eua dja phuong, UBND cae huyen ban hanh cac ehinh sach cu t h i v l vide huy ddng eae ngudn liic ciia dja phuong n h u ddi ngu giao vidn, ngudn kinh phi ban d i u va thudng xuydn, eo sd vat c h i t va eae phuong tidn phiie vu cho eae hoat d p n g cua trung tam Thuc hidn d i y du che d d ehinh sach ma Trung UPng, tinh da ban hanh, k i t hpp bd sung, hoan thidn cac chd dp ehinh saeh eua dja phuong O l ngudn tai ehinh eua trung tam HTCO dupe dn djnh, co sd vat c h i t dupc dam bao e i n phai: Tang cudng d i u t u cho GDTX ndi ehung, trung tam HTCO ndi ridng theo hUdng xa hdi hoa giao diic, thuc hien nguyen t i c nha nudc va nhan dan eung lam UBND xa hd trp mpt p h i n kinh phi ngan sach eho trung tam HTCO trang trai cac khoan thu lao, bdi d u d n g cho giao vien, cbu nhiem trung tam; tao d i l u kien de trung tam ed eo sd vat c h i t (van phdng, p h d n g hoc, ban ghe ) va t h i l t bi phue vu cho eae hoat ddng eua trung tam Huy ddng cac ngudn kinh phi eho trung tam HTCD tUcae chuong trinh, d t i an, ca nhan, don vj san x u i t kinh doanh; doanh nghiep, doan t h i , td chUe xa hpi - Cd ngudn tai chinh dn dinh tU ngan sach nha 46 • KHOA HOC GlAO DUC nudc d l hd tro ban d i u va chi t h u d n g xuydn eho eae trung tam HTCO hoat ddng 2.3 Ddy manh cdng tdc thdng tin qudn ligiao due a Mue tieu eua bien phdp Ban chat lao d p n g eua ngUdi CBQL la quylt dinh Nang luc cac quyet djnh cd chuan xae hay khdng lai thudc rat nhieu vao t h d n g tin ma ngudi CBQL ed duoe Td chdc eho ehu nhiem trung tam HTCO n i m b i t kip thdi va day du nhdng thdng tin c i n thiet eho edng tac quan li b Npi dung vd cdch thdc thdc hien bien phap Bdng cdc vdn bdn cae eo quan quan li cap trdn can cung c i p kjp thdi va d i y du cae van ban chi dao e i n t h i l t eho mpi mat cdng tac cua ngudi ehu nhidm Cin ehu y cii t h i hoa cac chu truong edng tae ciia c i p trdn bang van ban de thuc hidn eho tUng dja phuong C i n thiet lap eae kenh t h d n g tin ehinh thdng qua bao eao djnh ki, dot x u i t , so k i t , t d n g k i t , chuydn de thdng qua vide Ung dung cdng nghd thdng tin va truyen t h d n g Bang hdi nghi, hdi thdo Thdng qua hpi nghj, hpi thao, eae c i p quan II ed t h i t r u y i n dat, hudng d i n , giai thieh cac chu truong edng tac d l ebu nhidm cd the n i m b i t mdt each kjp thdi, d i y d u Sif d i i n g thdng tin q u i n li thdng qua cae phuong t i l n t h d n g tin dai ehiing nhu bao, dai, t r u y i n hinh, tap ehi, tai lieu, hpc lidu Giao ban chii nhiim cdc trung tdm HTCD Hang nam c i n t d chUe giao ban ehu nhidm eae trung tam HTCO theo cac huyen, tinh, cac viing ddng b i n g , trung d u , vung nui, vung dan tde, nhit la cac vung KT-XH e i n quan tam dae bidt: Tay Bie, Tay Nguydn, Tay Nam Bp d l ehia se kinh nghidm tdt gida cae trung t a m HTCO r d chdc tham quan hgc tap kinh nghiim qudn lid cdc trung tdm HTCD De bien phap dat hidu q u i cap, td chUe thuc hien c i n luu y: - xac d i n h rd ydu cau eua dpt tham quan, hoc tap; - Chpn lua phan doan tham quan phii hpp vdi yeu e i u cua c h u y i n tham quan; - Phan cdng mdi vidn doan di sSu nghien cUu t i m hieu m d t v i n de e i n quan tam ben canh nhdng van d l ehung; - Mdi vidn doan ed ban thu hoach rUt dupe sau e h u y i n di va ed thu hoaeh chung THUC TIEN GIAO DUC ~ ^ cho ca doan, dd can rut duoe nhdng bai hpc, n h d n g kien nghi cho dja phuong Tdng caOng quan hi giao tiip xd hdi Thdng qua giao t i l p vdi can bd, giao vidn, nhan vidn, hpe vien; thdng qua giao t i l p vdi cac ban, nganh, doan t h i , eo quan ngudi chu nhidm n i m b i t duoc nhdng thdng tin e i n t h i l t eho vide hinh cac q u y l t dinh quan li eua minh Chinh vi vay, tang eudng giao tidp xa hdi va npi bd la bidn phap c i n thiet de giup ngudi ehii nhidm trung tam HTCO nang cao NLQL cua minh, dae bidt la bdi eanh nganh GDTX dang phat trien theo djnh hudng xa hdi hoa giao due ma trung tam HTCO la md hinh xa hdi hoa giao diie c i p eo sd Ngadi chii nhiem trung tdm HTCD cdn: Thudng xuyen t i l p xuc vdi can bp, giao vien, nhan vien dudi q u y l n d i l u hanh d l n i m b i t kjp thdi tam tu, tinh cam, thai dp va k i t qua lao dpng eua tUng ngudi; d d n g thdi eung chju khd l i n g nghe va quan tam d i n y k i l n cua hp d l thu thap dupe nhdng thdng tin ngUpe hdu ich cho cdng tac ehi dao Hinh thUe tiep xue ed the la gap g d ca nhan, hpp nhdm, ddi thoai, y k i l n de x u i t b i n g kenh thdng tin ehinh t h d n g (bao eao) hoac khdng chinh thdng (y k i l n phan anh, trao ddi t a m tinh), hop t h u gdp y Tang cudng eae mdi quan he giao tiep xa hdi d l trung tam nhan dupe sU ung hd cao n h i t ciia c i p uy, ehinh q u y l n , cac nganh, cae doan the, eae td ehUe va ea nhan ca ve vat ehat l i n tinh t h i n n h i m thifc hidn t h i n g Ipi mue tieu, nhiem vu eua trung tam Hinh tbUc giao t i l p xa hdi rat linh boat, theo tinh hinh, dae diem d moi dja phuong ma ngudi chu nhidm ed each Ung xil phu hap: ed the la qua eae hoat d d n g xa hdi g i n vdi dia phUPng, qua toa dam, gap gd, t h a m hdi ea nhan, giao luu gida trung tam vdi eae doan the dia phuang Qua cac hinh thUe trdn, kenh thdng tin chinh thdng eung n h u khdng ehinh t h d n g ngudi chii nhidm sd ed dieu kidn t i l p nhan n h i l u t h d n g tin da dang B i n g sti phong phu eua eae ngudn thdng tin va b i l t xif li thdng tin, vide thUc hidn cac chUe nang quan li eua ngudi ehu nhidm trung tam HTCO sd dat hidu qua eao hon 2.4 Tdng cadng edng tde tra, kiim ddnh gid a Mue tieu eiia bien phdp tra, Kiem tra, tra la khau dac bidt quan trpng qua trinh quan li, la nhdng hoat ddng truyen t h d n g mang tinh chat phap che duoc quy djnh cac van ban phap quy cua Nha nUdc K i l m tra, tra giup ngudi quan li tien doan dupc k i t qua xay ra, cd tac dung true t i l p den vide tim nguyen nhan va de nhdng bidn phap quan li cd hieu qua Kiem tra, tra edn la cdng cii sac ben gdp phan tang cudng hieu qua quan li Sau moi dpt kiem tra, tra cung la dip bdi dudng them nghiep vu quan li cho CBQL, nang cao NLQL cho CBQL Npi dung vd each thdc thae hien bien phdp De danh gia d u n g va kip thdi dpng vidn khuyen khich, khac phiic nhdng tdn tai cdng tac eua ehu nhiem eae trung tam HTCO, hon bao gid h i t eae eo quan quan li d eae dja phuang e i n phdi hop d l cd cac bidn phap tang eudng cdng tac k i l m tra, tra Cd n h u vay mdi dap Ung dugc nhu c i u phat trien eua trung tam HTCO giai doan mdi Lanh dao, chi dao ludn g i n lien vdi k i l m tra, danh gia T h i l u k i l m tra khdng the danh gia dupe edng tac lanh dao, ehi dao eua ehu t h i q u i n li cung nhu nang life va k i t qua edng tae quan lieua ddi tuong q u a n l i Kiem tra, danh gia khdng ehi thu dupc nhUng thdng tin ngUpe eho ehu t b i quan li ma edn la bien phap tich cUc thue day ddi tuong quan II nang cao nang liic eua ban than minh Chinh vi vay, kiem tra, danh gia la mdt bidn phap khdng t h i thieu dupe d l nang cao NLQL eho ngudi chu nhidm trung tam HTCD Tang cudng hidu qua cdng tae kiem tra, tra la mdt vide lam r i t c i n t h i l t , khdng t h i t h i l u hoat ddng quan li K i t thuc mdt dot thanh, kiem tra bao gid eung cd sU danh gia Xep loai trung tam HTCO phai la tdng hpp eua sU danh gia qua n h i l u lan k i l m tra mdt nam va qua n h i l u kenh t h d n g tin khae O l vide danh gia, x l p loai trung tam HTCO chinh xae, eae CO quan quan li cap trdn e i n : - O l chuan xep loai trung tam eu t h i , rd rang; - Phan cdng cac bd phan cd trach nhidm theo ddi mot sd mat cdng tae nhat djnb d cac trung tam va cu t h i hoa vide danh gia eho tUng tidu ehi b i n g d i l m sd; x l p loai tUng mat va xep loai ehung theo bdn mUc: tdt, kha, dat yeu e i u , chUa dat yeu c i u ; - Tien hanh k i l m tra toan dien hoac theo ehuyen de d t i t ea cac tnjng tam; -Thdng n h i t danh gia, xep loai trung tam trdn tinh t h i n khach quan, edng b i n g ; Thdng qua edng tac kiem tra, danh gia p h o n g (Xem tiep trang 55) S677-THANG2/2012>47 THUC TIEN GIAO DUC ^ NANG CAO NANG LlTC QUAN Ll (Tiep theo trang 47) trao thi dua sd duoe t d chUe t h u d n g xuydn C i n tuydn d u o n g , khen t h u d n g kjp t h d i eae d i l n hinh tidn tien, nhUng ca nhan cd t h a n h tich xuat sic d l neu g u o n g eho cac d o n vj, ca nhan khae Oieu ed tae d u n g r i t ldn t r o n g vide kich thich tinh t h i n , tao ddng luc thi dua lao d d n g , hpc tap , ngudi ehu nhiem cac t r u n g tam HTCO phai tieh etie hoat ddng, phai cai t i l n cdng tac quan li d i e d vi tri p h o n g trao thi dua N h d d d , nang llie quan li eua ehu nhidm trung tam HTCO dupc nang len Ddnh gid dpi ngu chit nhiim trung tdm HTCD o a n h gia dpi ngu chii nhidm trung tam HTCO la n h i m lam rd NLQL, pham chat dao dUc, hidu qua cdng tae de tren co sd dd ed ke hoaeh dao tao, bdi dudng, bd nhidm, tai nhidm, d l bat va mien nhidm cung nhu d l thuc hien cae ehe dp, ehinh sach khae ddi vdi ehUc danh chu nhiem Hidn vide danh gia dpi ngu ehu nhidm cac trung tam HTCO chua dupc chu Chi mdi d d n g d mUc chu nhiem t u danh gia, hoac ban chu nhidm danh gia ehu nhidm sau mdi namedng tac, chuaco su danh gia, x l p loai ciia cac CO quan quan li c i p trdn ddi vdi ddi ngu ehu nhidm O l danh gia trd m d t bidn phap, ddng ltic kich thieh mpi ngUdi p h i n dau vuon ldn va t u d i l u chinh ban than, cac c i p quan li trung tam HTCO c i n nhan thUe day du vai trd h i t sUc quan trpng cua danh gia edng tae can bd d l thuc h i l n d i y du cac yeu c i u sau: a) Phai xem bidu qua cdng vide, k i t qua edng tac la thudc NLQL, d d ehinh la co sd quan de thtic hien cdng tac danh gia ehu nhiem trung tam HTCO Tat nhien viec danh gia can bd edn can cU vao nhdng nhan td khac n h u tidu ehuan can bd, dieu kidn mdi t r u d n g cdng tae b) Can coi nguydn t i c t u phe binh va dam bao tinh cdng khai TAl U f u THAM K H A O Bd GD&OT (2005), Hadng den mptxd hpi hgc tap vd gido due cho mgi ngadi GDKCQ thdng qua md hinh trung tdm HTCO d VN Bd GD&OT va Hpi K h u y i n hpe VN (2005), Tdi lieu Hpi nghi sa kit ndm xdy dang vd phdt trien trung tdm HTCD Hdi Khuyen hpc VN (2005), TdchOc vd hogt dpng ciia mpt sd trung tdm HTCD dcdc vung KT -XH Ngd Quang SPn (2010), Mdt sd gidi phdp qudn li phdt trien hi thdng trung tdm hgc tap cpng dong gdp phdn xdy dgng xd hpi hgc tap d Viet Nam, Di tdi KH - CN trgng diem cdp Bp - Md sd B2008 - 29 -30TD CLC Management Handbook (2003) - UNESCO Bangkok/APPEAL SUMMARY There are still many ineffective community learning centers due to many factors, especially the managerial capacity by the center heads The author proposes measures for improving managerial capacity by community learning center heads in Mekong Delta iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii^ trudng eung nganh, g i n nganh nghe dao tao d i u cd the lidn thdng vi Ipi ich chung eho ngudi hpe va cho sti phat t r i l n t u o n g lai eua d i t nude T A I Lieu THAM KHAO Caboche A (1992), Aper^u du systimeeducatif fran