I IIIII MM IIII M''''l''''HI''''lJN!! B NGHIEN ClTU PHLTONG PHAP DANH GIA VA DE XUAT GIAI PHAP QUAN LY CHAT LU''''PNG CONG TRINH DE SONG TREN DIA BAN TINH THANH HOA Nguyen Thj MOi, Mai Thi Hong Trudng Dgi hgc Hdn[.]
I IIIII MM IIII M'l'HI'lJN!! B NGHIEN ClTU PHLTONG PHAP DANH GIA VA DE XUAT GIAI PHAP QUAN LY CHAT LU'PNG CONG TRINH DE SONG TREN DIA BAN TINH THANH HOA Nguyen Thj MOi, Mai Thi Hong Trudng Dgi hgc Hdng Ditc Pham H^ng Stm Ban qudn ly dif dn ddu tuxdy dung cdc cdng trinh NN & PTNT Thanh Hda Tdm tat: Cong trinh de sdng cd y nghia rdt quan trgng ddi v&i phdt triin kinh te xd h^i phdng chong thien tai vd ddm bdo quoc phdng an ninh, vi vay vi4c ddnh gid chdt luang cdng trinh de song Id rat can thiit Bdi bdo nghien cuu xdy dung phuang phdp ddnh gid cho diem ddi vdi cdc riii ro ve tinh trgng cdng trinh di hdu qud sif cd cdng trinh cd xet din cdc thdng sd cdng trinh cS dinh vd cdc thdng so cdng trinh bien ddi, tir xdc dinh dirac chi sd ditng di phdn cap rui ro ldm casd xdc dinh dugc cap an loan cdng trinh Ap d^ng phuang phdp ddnh gid nghien cuu de ddnh gid de hiru sdng Chu (Dogn tu Km38+700 din Km39+300), thugc xd Thi0u Tdm, huy4n Thi?u Hoa, tinh Thanh Hda, kit qud ddnh gid cd gid tri diem sd P =270.25 cd cdp an todn cdng trinh la 1, duac xip logi rui ro rdt cao, tu dd di xudt gidi phdp di ddm bdo an todn cho cdng trinh lix khda: ddnh gid chat lirang de qudn ly chdt luang de, de Thanh Hda Summary: River bank construction is very important to socio-economic development, natural disaster management, and national security Therefore, the evaluation of the quality of river hank construction is essential The paper develops an evaluation method by giving the marks for some criteria such as the risk ofthe actual condition of river bank construction, the aftermath of the potential accident in consideration to statical and dynamical parameters The result is used to grade the risks, which is the basis for defining the level of structural safety The developed method has been applied to evaluate the quality of right side bank of Chu river (from Km38+ 700 to Km39+300), which is located in Thieu Tam village, Thieu Hoa district, Thanh Hoa province The evaluation result shows the score P = 270.25, which is equal to level of the structural safety This result means the river bank construction is being at high-risk condition, therefore a solution to ensure the safety ofthe river bank construction is proposed accordingly Keywords: River bank quality; Quality management of river bank; Thanh Hoa river bank I Di^T VAN Bt H? th6ng de diSu tinh Thanh Hoa hi$n co 1.008 km gdm de song vi de biln, de c ^ III din cap dAi 315 km de duoi c ^ III dki 693 km [5] Toan bp h | thdng d6 bao ve cho 17 huy?n, thj, t h ^ ph6 v6i 450 xa —• Ngay nhSn bii: 04/3/2020 Ngay thdng qua phta bi^: 08/4/2020 Ngiy duyft dang: 15/4/2020 c6 296 xa co de di qua C ^ hiyin d6 a dSy dupc hmh to lau da va dang phat huy rk ^^ ^ ^ ^ P*»°°g *=^^°S I" bao dam an toin dan sinh kinh te an mnh quoc phong Mac du c ^ 1"^^" ^^ ^^ ^"^^ ^ " ^ ^u, nhung nguon kmh phi cd hgn cho n&i v i ^ dau tu cdn chua ddng bd, mang tinh chSp v^ chd yfu mdi dau tu cho nhiing doan xung yiu, vifc diu tu sua chita, nang cip khdng theo kip duoc vdi su ^ug ^ ^hua dap img nhu ciu phat ttiin B ~i- TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE THOV tOI S6 59 - 2020 89 KHOAHQC kinh ti xi hpi va d$c bift la nhihig dien bifn bit diudng ciia h^u miy nim gin diy M^ khac, c&c sdng d Thanh Hda bit ngudn tir viing Thugng Lao, viing mii phia Bic va Tay Bac ciia tinh, dd ddc Idng sdng Idn, sdng quanh co uon khiic, Idng sdng h ^ khoang cich giiia df binh quan tir 400- 500m, cimg cd nhifu doan m|lt cit bj thu h ^ dpt ngdt, khoang each giiia df nhd hem 100m, din din chi df tiiiiy van, thuy luc cua cac sdng rit phirc t^p, luu tic vf mia lii rit ldn Vi mua khd, nhifu dopn sdng m\TC nudc h^ thap den mtrc nude kift, lam cho dien bifn ldng sdng, bai sdng rit phirc t^p, ngoii cdn bj anh hudng lu mua npi ddng vi bao bifn Ben c^nh dd, difn bifn cua yfu td thdi tift, h^u thiiy vSn, mua lu cd chifu hudng c^c doan va ngiy eing phuc t ^ , de dga str mit an toin cho nhifu tuyen df ttf n dja ban tinh Do v$y, cin phai dinh gii cic cdng Uinh df sdng df cd ki ho^h iing phd k)ptiididdi vdi nhiing tuyen df khdng dam bio chit lupng -Bien ddi kU hgu dnh huangadnh^lhditgik':d"g Biin ddi hfu ttudc hit li sv ndng len cua toan cau vi muc nude biin dSng li mpt nhirng thach fliilc Idn nhit dii vdi nhan loji ttong Uli ky 21 Biin dii hfu lim nhift dd tang, mvre nudc biin ding giy ng?p lilt, g^y nhiem man nguon nudc, inh hirdng den ndng nghifp, gSy nii ro ldn dii vdi cdng nghifp vi cic hf thdng kinh tf, xa hpi tuong lai Theo cic kich ban bifn ddi h$u [3], vio cudi thf ky 21, nhift dp trung binh nim d nudc ta tang khoing 2,3°C, ting lupng mua nim vi lupng mua miia mua ting, ttong dd lupng mua mfia khd l^i giim, mtrc nudc bifn cd thf ding khoing tir 75cm-lm so vdi tnmg binh tiidi ky 1980-1999 Niu mvc nudc biin ding cao lm, sf cd khoing 40% difn tich ddng bing sdng Cira Long, 11% difn tich ding bing sdng Hong vi 3% difn tich ciia cic tinh khac fliupc viing ven bifn sB bi ng|ip, ttong dd, fliinh phd Hi Chi Minh se hi ngjp tifn 20% difn tich, CAC YAU T CO BAN ANH HlTdNG D6N khoing 10-12% din si nudc ta bj inh hudng ttvc tiip vi ton that khoing 10% GDP CHAT LU'QNG C6NG TRINH DE S6NG 2.1 Anh hirdng ciia yiu t i Uf nhien 2.2 Anh hudng ciia thiit ki -Anh huong cita ddng chgy Stf phan bd sdng ngdi Thanh Hda [5] cd d$c diim dp doc ldng sdng ldn, sdng quanh co udn khdc, ldng sdng h^p, nhifu do^n m^t cit bj thu hep dpt ngit, din dfn chf dp thuy vin, thiiy l\rc cua cic sdng rat phirc t^p, luu tde vf miia 10 rit ldn, ve mua khd nhifu do^n sdng m ^ nudc h9 thip din muc nudc kift, lim cho dien bifn long sdng, bai sdng rat phiic tap Theo thing ke [5], toin bp hf thong sdng ngdi cua Thanh Hda cd 264 d o ^ ke bio vf, dd tt^n cic tayfn df sdng ldn cd 138 doan df sit sdng vdi chifu dii 71,4km da cd ke bio vf; mdt sd kf xiy d ^ g tir lau, khdng lim lpc, ho$c lim lpc theo trayin thing, mii df phia trfn dinh kf die, bj syt liin, xdi Id chit l u ^ g khdng dim bao bj hu hdng chua dupc m sua; m^t khic dien biin ddng chay, mpt sd ke dang cd difn biin sat Id Hau hit cic ttiyfn df trfn dja bin tinh Thanh Hda [5] chua du cao ttinh ching lu, vio miia lu mvc nudc sdng Ifn cao dat muc nudc 10 Ijch sd df bj ttin inh hudng cua dia chit tiian df, nfn df vi ddng chay cic cdng ttinh df dfu tiem in nhifu sv cd giy mit an toin 2.3 Anh hudng cfla thl cdng 90 Do lich su hinh thinh, v|t lifu dip df thd so chu yfu li v^t lifu dja phuong, ttiin df dupe dip bang nhifu loai dit khdng ddng chit niii^ii Anan df it^ di A' qua miQ na As l ' nhiiu doan nfn dit yeu nhung chua dupc gia cd Ky tiiuit dap de Uid so chua theo quy chuan an ttiin, mii df die, cac khu vuc bai ven sdng tiiudng la cit, dit cit pha nfn thudng xiy niit sat, ttupt, ttong ttiin df cdn an chiia nhifu an ho? nhu td mdi • >^y hifn tupng rd ri, thim l|u Ngoai ra, edng tic quin ly thi cdng cdn TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHf THUV LO S6 59 - 2020 KHOA HQC trinh long leo, v$t li?u thi cdng kem chat lupng; thi cdng khdng tu&i thii theo dd an thigt k^, cd su thay ddi v^ kdt cau cdng trinh,v3t li$u su dyng ma chua dupc s\f ddng y cua dem vj thi^t k6; k^ thult thi cdng khdng dam bao din d^n h|LU qua la cdng trinh hi tham, nurt, lun svt hu hdng Trong qud trinh quan ly thilu quan trSc, ki@m tra khdng phat h i ^ nh&ng hu hdng nhd dS tu, sua chGa, theo thdi gian nhihig hu hdng phat trien anh hudng n^iSm trpng din chAt lupng cdng trinh Trong cac n5m trudc dSy cd lu ldn, tren toan h$ th6ng de sdng Idn Thanh Hda da xay 85 difim rd ri, thim l$u va 78 vj tri xay m^ch dun, m^ch sui [5], 2.4 Anh hu&ng cua phfit triin kinh t l - xi h$i din cong trinh de Ciing vdi su phdt triln kinh te xa hpi nhanh chdng, Vi^t Nam nhihig nam gdn day d3 gidn tilp ldm cho tinh tr^ng sur d^ng dat phfun vi bdo v? de, bSi sdng vd Idng sdng ngdy cdng nghiem trpng, gdy dnh hudng khdng nhd din an todn de dilu va khd nSng thodt til cua cdc sdng tren dja bdn tilr Trung uong den dia phucmg Cdc lo^i hinh vi p h ^ Lu9t de dilu vd Lu^t Phdng, ch6ng thien tai ph6 biln nhu: xay d^ng bdt hpp phdp cdc cdng trinh, t&p kit v^t lieu xdy dvng ph^m vi bdo v$ de vd bai sdng, san ldp md r0ng m^t bdng lin chilm ddng chay, khai thac bit hpp ly cac bai bdi ven sdng, ven biln, chdt pha rimg cdy chan song gdy dnh hudng din chit lupng vd ndng l\rc phdng chdng lu, bdo cua d€ di^u Cdng hinh d6 chju tde dong phd hoai khdng ttil ludng trudc cua thien nhien vd tu nhien ludn gdy h§u qud nghiem trpng gdy mit an todn cho cdng tiinh de nhu: Nudc trdn dinh d6; Thim vupt muc cho ph6p gdy thim l§u, rd ri; Phd hOy nln de, than dS; Kit cdu cdng trinh chua dii dilu ki§n chiu I\rc gdy vd de Vi v$y, cin phdi ddnh gid chit lupng cdng trinh de de tiJr dd de xuit cdc gidi phap cdng tde ^^ES^JBiJI quan ly chat lupng de nhdm gidm thilu tdi da nhiing thiet h^ chit lupng d£ gay PHlTOfNG PHAP DANH GlA CHAT LlTONG CONG TRiNH Dfe 3.1 XSy dung phinmg phdp ddnh gid Dd ddnh gid chdt lupng cdng trinh d€ dieu, sir dyng hinh thuc cho diem ddi vdi cdc nii ro ve tinh tr?ng cdng trinh (V-Vulnerability) vd hgu qua su CO cdng trinh (C-Consequences) Tinh trang cdng trinh dupc xet den gdm cdc thdng sd cdng trinh cd djnh (Vi) gdm: Chilu cao d6; Ket ciu cdng trinh; Nln de vd cdc thdng sd cdng trinh biln ddi (V2) g6m: Tudi cdng trinh; Bai trud^ cdng trinh; Tinh frying cdng trinh (Salt trupt, Thim, ); $ tin c§y cua cac cdng trinh qua de (cdng, cira khiu qua d6, ) Tren ca sd V, C d\ra trgn ly thuylt xdc suat xdc dinh ducrc P - Id gid tri dilm s6 diing dl phdn cip riii ro de Cdn cu vdo gid tn P, thang phdn cip riii ro xdc dinh dupc cip riii ro, tii dd xdc dinh cip an todn cdng trinh (ATCT) - Id Cap cdng trinh dupc phdn lo^i theo cap riii ro P = VxC + P: Ld gid tri dilm sd dung de phdn cip rui ro cdng trinh + C: Ld gid tri diem sd h|iu qua s\i cd cdng trinh + V: La gid tri diem sd tinh trgmg an todn ban than cdng trinh V = V,xV2 + Vi: Ld gid tri diem sd trung bhih s6 hgc cua thdng sd cd dinh + V2; La gid tri diem sd trung binh sd hpc ciia thdng sd biln ddi 3.2 Phmmg phdp cho diem theo thang dilm tnrdrc cua cdc chi tieu ddnh gid Qh xdc dinh tim quan trpng cua cdc chi tieu ngudi ta thudng dimg phuong phdp liy f kiln chuyen gia Tde gid six dyng phuong p h ^ cho dilm theo thang diem trudc de xdc dinh cac trpng sd cua cac tieu chi ddnh gid TAP CHf KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H $ T H O Y L(?I S170 120-170 70-120 25-70