Thực trạng xây dựng, tổ chức thực hiện và quản lý dự án sinh kế giảm nghèo bền vững trên địa bàn tỉnh thanh hóa giai đoạn 2010 2013

1 AP CHI KHOA HQC, TRUCfflG B^l HQC HOIVG DUC -SO 33 ZI1I7 THUC TRANG XAY DITNG, TO CHUC T H U C HIEN VA QUAN LY DU AN SINH KE GIAM NGHEO BEN VU^G TREN DIA BAN TINH THANH HOA GIAI DOAN 2010 - 2013 Le Van Cirfnig', Nguyen Thi Dung^ TOM TAT Thanh Hoa Id mdt tinh eiia cd nude dupe chpn thi diim thue hien quyit SO/ND-CP viing (2012-2015) (2011-2020) vd chirong trinh muc tieu quae gia vi giam ngheo Nghi bin Tuy nhien cdc md hinh sinh ke gidm ngheo da thuc hien tren dia bdn linh giai doan 2010-2013 tren thuc te vdn ehua thirc hien lot cdc cdng lac lham vdn cpng ddng: lap ke hoach ihuc hien md hinh qudn ly chdi lupng md hinh: quy hoach viing xdy dimg md hinh vd co cdu ban qudn ly, chi dao md hinh cUng nhu cong idc qudn ly nhdn lire Irong xdy dimg mo hinh smh ke ddn den cdc ngudn tdi tra cua Nhd nude cdn phdn idn thieu ddng bd, hieu qud thap, chua hd Irp dung mirc cho phdt tnen sdn xudt tao suy lai, khdng phdt huy linh chd ddng sdng lao eiia cdc hd ndng ddn Tir k h d a : Md hinh sinh ke, giam ngheo ben virng LDATVANDE Thanh Hoa hicn \ a n la mot tmh ngheo \ a i 11/^7 huyen mien nm co Idl huyen ngheo thuoc chuoTig Trinh 30a va huyen lai khong thuoc ehuong t n n h 30a nhung dieu kien kmh te g i p rat nhicu kho khan Thanh Hoa hien la mot Irong tmh cua ca n u o e d u o c chpn ihi diem thuc hien du an Ho tro thyc hien Nghi quyel / N D CP ve d m h h u o n g giam ngheo ben vung (2011 2020) va Chuong trinh muc lieu qu6c gia vS Giam ngheo bgn viJng (2012-2015)" (du an Poverty Reduction Pohcics and Programs - PRPP) [2] Vi v i y , vige danh g i i v i xac dmh d u o c mo hinh smh kg g i i m ngheo dien hinh thuoc chuong trinh m u c tigu quoc gia-giam ngheo b i n vijng da trign khm trgn dia b i n linh Thanh Hoa CO kha nang nhan rdng v i phai triln giam ngheo ben vung eho cae dia phuong thdi gian tdi e i n thigi phai danh g i i mdt each t o i n dign v l cae hoat dpng tticn khai thuc hien c i e md hinh smh kg ngu trgn, d i e bigt la cong t i c x i y dffng, t6 chiic thvc hign, quan ly va giam sat c i c dy i n lam e o sd dg x i c dinh dupe nh&ng ton lai, han ehg va de xual eac g i i i p h i p k h i e phuc thdi gian ldi ' Giang vien phdng Qudn ly Khoa hpc vd Cong nghi, Tnrong Dai hoc Hong Dire ' Giang vien khoa Nong-Ldm-Ngir nghiep Trudng Dai hoc Hdng Dire r,j.P CH( KHOA HQC TRir6NG P^l HQC HtlflG BJSC - SO 33 2017 2, NOI DUNG NGHIEN CCTU 2.1 Off sff ly luan D^r in li mdt lap hpp cic boat dong nhim dat dupe nhOiig muc lieu eu thg, mot khoing thdi gian nhal dinh vdi nhOng mue ligu vl lii chinh vi tii nguygn di dupe xac dmh Iruoc [5] Sinh kg ben viing la sinh ke c6 the duong dau vdi khimg hoang va phuc hgi sau khiing hoing, (ri hoac nang cao nang lye, tai san vi eung cip nhiing co hpi sinh kg bin vung cho nhiing the he tuong lai ciia hp va ddng gop loi ieh liu dai cho nhiing nghg nghigp khie d cic cip dia phuong, quoc gia mot thdi gian ngin va dii han [6] Quin ly dir in la tign ttinh to ehiie va su dung cic nguon lue nhim dat muctigulgng quit va nhdng muc tigu cu Ihl ciia du an [4] 2.2 PhtroTig phap nghien cihi Nghien cuu duoc tiln hinh h^n dja bin xa cd cac mo hinh smh ke giim nghep bin vung thupc du an PRPP giai doan 2010-2013 trgn dia bin cac huyen Thp Xuan, Thach Thanh, Nhu Thanh, Cam Thuy vi Ngoc Lie, cu (hi: Mo hinh nuoi de d Cim Yen va Cim Long, md hinh trdng mia a Thanh Tin, Xuin Kliang vi Quang Phu; md hinh hanh cham d Thach Lap; md hinh khoai man ving d Thiiy Son De dinh gii long thg ve thue trang xay dung, to chirc thirc hien va quin ly eac mo hinh thupc du an PRPP, cic thdng tin duoc thu thip bang phucmg phap digu tra, phong vin lit ca cac hp lham gia mo hinh lai cac huygn, to ehuc thao luin giiia ban quan ly du an (BQLDA) vi cac hd tham gia md hinh tai cic dia phuang Kel hpp vdi vigc Ihu thap dir lieu, sd heu ddi chigu tii cae ho so, bao cio eo lign quan vg du an tai cac xa, cac huygn thuoc du an PRPP va Sd Lao ddng Thuong bmh va Xi hoi Thdng tin dieu tra, thu thap dupe ma hoa {ehuyen tu dmh tinh sang dmh lugng), xu ly thdng ke theo phin mem Excel vi md la tten co so cac lieu ehuan lap va quan ly du an, 2.3 Ket qui dinh gia 2.3.1 Thuc Irang tiep can vd xdy dung cdc md hinh sinh ke gidm ngheo 2.3.1.1 Hoat dpng tham van cpng ddng xdy dung cdc md hinh du dn Hoat dOng tham vin cpng ddng li van de then chdt chp su thinh cpng eiia cac du in phit tiign ndng thon ndi chung vi du an sinh kl giam ngheo noi ngng Cong (ae lham vin cpng ddng se (hiic diy siJ tham gia tich cue, chu dpng cua cpng dong o tit ea cac boat dpng eiing nhu cac giai doan ciia du in nhu khau lip kg hoach, xiy dyng, thyc hign vi giim sat du an, g6p phin dim bao tinh bin vimg ciia du an [5] Vl vay, dl dinh gia loan dien cic mo hinh sinh kg giam ngheo du an PRPP tren dm ban tinh Thanh Hda giai doan 2010 2013, lic gii da tiln hinh digu tra, khao sit thue ttang lham vin cpng dong tiep can va xay dung cac mo hinh sinh kl tren, kit qua duoc tiinh biy bang TAP CHI KHOA HQC, TRlro^G DAI HQC l6NGDIJC-S633.Z0n Bdng I Thnc (rang tham v i n cong ddng tiip c^n vii xay dung cac mo binh sinh kk giam ngheo tren dia han T h a n h Hoa giai doan 2010 - 2013 ~''~~~~~^^^^^^^^ Xa dieu tta Q u a n g Noi d u n g D T ~~~~~-~~^^.^^^^^^ Phu Cam Tan Khang Long Ygn + + Thiiy Thach Son Lip I Hoat ddng xdc dinh khd khdn, nhu cdu - Khao sit, quan s i t thuc dia -f- + + - Hpi thao, hoi nghi, h o p d i n -1- + -1- + + + -1- * -1- * -1- - P h i n tich tai heu thu c i p + + + + -t- + - P h d n g van ndng dan (bang hdi) Ca sd lua chon ddi luang md hinh - X u a t phat h i nhu cau c i p Ihiet (fliam v i n , S W O T ) * + D y a v i o yeu to lien phong + Digu kicn dat dai, tir nhign, -1- * -1- - + - - + Lye luong lao dong + + + + + + + + T r i n h d p lao d p n g (tri t h u e * + -1- * - + -i- -1- * * - -1- -1- + -1- + hau - thdi tiet ban d i a ) -t- Nguon von v i k h i nang huy -1- C u n g ling vat tu va thong tin -1- tigu thu s i n pham - D o tu v i n dinh h u o n g cap ttgn + * Ngudi xdc dinh ddi luang vd quyet dinh lua chpn md hinh - Lanh d a o dia p h u o n g - Can bp dia p h u o n g va cong d d n g -1- * + + * + -1- + -1- dancu + * L y a chpn thon b i n tnen khai m o hinh + - Dan trai binh quan (-) - Binh b i u , lya chgn thong qua hoi nghi, hpi t h i o -1- * + + + L u a chpn ho lham gia x i y d y n g m o hinh - Hoi nghi, hoi thao binh b i u -1- -1- (Ngudn • Diiu Ira, khdo sdt tai cdc dia phuang, n Ghi chli- (-) Khdng ihuc hien/khdng su dung Idm cdn cir lua ehon md hinh, (+) Cd ihifc hien/su dung lam ca sd lua chpn md hinh TAP c u i KHOA HQC TRt/^NG D^^l HOC H O N G Diyc - s 33.2017 Ve cdng tdc \ac dpih kho khdn vd nhu cdu cua eong ddng Hau hgt cac dia phuong trien khai dy in, viec xac dmh kho khin va dinh gii nhu eau lua chpn ddi mong xay dung cac md hinh sinh ke da va dang dupe thyc hien chii yeu theo dinh hudng chii quan cua can bp dia phuong va il quan tim den cic khd khan va nhu ciu thyc tl ciia ngudi dan Ihdng qua phong \an thu thip thong tin tii ngudi nong din din dgn c6 nhilu khd khin eua ngucn din ttong vige ligp nhan mo hinh, chii dpng cdng tac (nln khai thuc hign du in Ve ca sd xdc dfnh li^a ehon dot tuang xdy dung md hinh Hau hgt cac dia phucmg vigc tnen khai lua ehpn cic mo hinh smh kg eon nhilu bit cap, cu thi' Tat ca cac dia phucmg chua lim kigm cac yeu to lien phong ttong giam ngheo, ylu tl lien phong "diem sdng" li nhirng nguoi nhay ben, co tinh cpng ddng, dya vio nd luc ciia ban than de phit ttign sinh kg mi kliong phu lhu6e vao hd tro tnrc tilp ciia Nhi nude hay cic chuong trinh - dy in Hau hgt cac xa vice lua ehpn ddi tuong xay dyng mo hinh phii hop vdi lap quan, kinh nghiem (In thffe bin dia) ciia dja phuong nen il gap kho khan qua trinh trien khai, ket qua phii hop vdi kel qua nghign eihi vl phat triln mo hinh caitiiiensinh kg bgn viing cho cpng dong dua ttgn tigm nang tn (hire bin dia cua eie dan toe ihigu sd d cic tinh Lai Chau vi Dik Lik [6] Tuy nhien, van eon 01 xa (Cam Ygn) khdng dua vio ylu 16 tri thiic ban dia din den nhung kho khan qua ttinh thuc hien mo hinh, eu the eo tpi 100% (20 hp) tham gia mo hinh chua timg chan nuoi de (doi tupng md hinh) trude din dgn co 4/20 hp ed so de bi chel tuong iing vol 16/249 long s6 dg ban diiu Dilu cho thiy sy ip dat ehu quan eiia eac can bp eo sd ttong vice lua ehpn ddi tupng mo hinh, xem nhe vai trd eiia cpng dong khiu lip vi ttign khai du in se din tdi nhihig Ihil bai ciia nhiiiig mo hinh smh kg eho dong bao dan toe thigu so Vi cdng tdc lua chon diem tnen khai md hinh Mpt sp dia phucmg cdn lung tiing ttong quy hoach viing tnen khai dan den lua chpn theo hirdng "cdo bdng - binh qudn hay ddn trdi theo don vi hdnh chinh Iren quy md todn xd (theo thdn) " dign hinh la 02 xa Cim Yen vi Cam Long Vi cdng Idc lua chpn hd lham gia xdy difiig md hinh: Hau hel cic dia phuong di thuc hign tdt cong lac niy Ihong qua viec binh biu lua chpn dan chu, cong khai dya trgn cic tieu chi da duoe xiy dyng trude vi e6 su thdng nha( ciia cong dong dan cu 2.3.1.2 To chuc hp mdy quan ly thuc hip, md hinh dtfdn Td chuc BQLDA la khau quan nhim dam bio su cong ciia du an BQLDA can phii linh gpn, cac vien ttong ban phii co kha nang ve ehuyen mon nhigt tinh, trach nhiem va khong dam nhan qua nhigu cac cong viec khae, chuc nang eac thinh vign phii r5 rang, phai cd quy che hoat dong quy dinh ro ehiic nang, quygn han, trach nhiem ciia timg bo phan, limg ehiic danh [3] Vi vay, de dinh gia cdng tic to chire thue hign eac md hinh sinh kg giam ngheo tai cac dja phuong, ehung tdi da (ien hanh danh gia vl eo ciu td chire BQLDA tai cae dia phumig, kgl qua duoe trinh bay o bing TAP c m KHOA HQC TRlTitNC P ^ l HQC HONG D C C -! Bang T h y c trang v^ he thong to chiirc han quan ly c i c mo hinh sinh ke giam nghJo tai c i c dia plimmg tren dia han linh Thanh Hoa giai doan 2010 - 2013 ~'~~~'~—~~^,^^^^ Xi dieu tra Quang Xuan Cam Tigu chi ^'""^''——^^^^^^ Phii Tan Long Yen I Ca cdu Id ehuc BQLDA - Tinh gpn vi t^p trung chuygn mon (-) -t+ - Giin trii va it chli y dgn chuygn mdn (+) Trinh dd chuyen mdn cua cdc thdnh vien BQLDA - Diing chuygn nganh va chuyen 40 45 35 25 30 nganh gin (%) - Soii Thach Lap - * * 35 30 - Chuygn nginh khac (it hen 60 55 65 75 70 65 70 quan) (%) Mirc dd chuyen mdn hda Id chuc BQLDA - Theo ttinh dp chuygn mon -1+ + + (-)/theo dia gidi hinh ehinh {+) Muc dd kiim tra, ddnh gid chdt luang cdng viec cua BQLDA ddi vdi cdc hoat ddng - Dign thuong xuyen, dinh ky (l-2thing/lin)(+) - Diln vao Ihdi ky cao digm: -H+ -1-H-HDiu vu - cuoi vu (-H-) - Rat It va chli ygu long ghep vdi eac cdng lac khac {++-!-) Cdng eu phuongphdp gidm sdt (ddnh gid, nghiem thu) eiia BQLDA dot vin cdc hoat don - Bing bien ban co su tham gia ciia cac bgn hen quan (+) - Can bo phu ttich tu dinh gia va bao cao true tiep vdi trudng BQLDA^io cao tai cuoc hpp BQLDA (-) * * * - * * (Ngudn PImng van BQLDA tdc dia phuang ndm 2014) Ve CO cdu ban qudn ly Q u a d i l u tra v i tii hgu bao c i o ciia e i c dia phuong eho thay bo m a y B Q L D A eo s6 lupng c i c t h i n h vien ldn, d i n tiii Ircn l i l c i cac ban nganh cua dia p h u o n g , dao dong lir 13-15 vien/ban Trong do, m§i t h i n h vicn d i u li ngucn dai dicn eho mpt ban, n g i n h , doan thg eua dia p h u o n g hay thon ban noi md hinh trien khai, dae bigl dien huih hon ca l i x i C i m Long vdi sd luong vign BQLDA len tdi 27 ngudi (co 12 t h i n h vien la dai dign e i e thon tngn khai mo hinh) K i t q u i ehua phii hop vdi nguyen I AP CHi KHOA HQC, T R I / O N G P ^ I HQC H N G BJI'C - SO 33.2U17 lac, bp may quan ly phii tmh giin, han che cac khau trung gian, dim bao liet kiem ehi phi quan ly, lang cudng higu qui va hieu lye eua quin ly [6] Ve trinh dd chuyen mdn cua cdc Ihdnh vien ciia ban qudn ly- Cie thinh vi6n BQLDA d cic dia phuong deu la nhftng ngucri co uy tin cao, co kinh nghigm san xual, song khong hoan toin li nguoi eo thg ligp thu va hudng din lot eie quy trinh ky thuat eua cac mo hinh, eu thg Chi co khoang 25-45% cin bp co trinh dd chuygn mdn cd hen quan (10-20% diing chuyen mon) din dgn nhiem vu ddn doc kiem tra, hudng dan ciia eie ho nong din niy c6n mang linh quan ly hinh chinh hem li chia se vi hudng dan ndng din tnen khai trgn dong rupng Iheo hinh thue "Cdm tay chi viec" vd "Ciing hpc, cimg Idm" Ve mirc chuyen mdn hda td chire ciia ban qudn ly du an: Miic dp chuygn mdn hda BQLDA ciia cac dia phuong dang d miic (hap (phan ldn kiem nhigm), dign hinh nhu d mo hinh nuoi de d Cam Long ehi co 1/27 vign du in la cin bo chuygn nginh chan nuoi thu y cap xa kiem nhigm phy tiach loan bp eong lac thu y chp mp hinh chan nupi de cho 26 hp tten dia ban 12 thon eiia xa Day li mpt trpng nhimg nguygn nhin eo ban dan den viee eong ciia cac mo hinh sinh kg d miic thap so vdi tigm nang ciia cic d|a phuong Ve cdng lac kiim tra ddnh gid chdi luong thire hien nhiem vu cua cdc thdnh vien du dn: Qua digu tra, khao sat, dinh gia d hau hel cac xi, quy che hoal ddng eua BQLDA eon mang nang linh hinh Ihiie, chung chung, tiueu cu the vi thim chi li thieu tinh thi ngn lien hinh ki6m tta danh gii ehua Ihye hien diing vol npi dung eiia hp^l dpng niy, dien hinh nhu quy che hoat dpng cua BQLDA xa Thach Lap cd npi dung dg cip hop lan/luan dg ttao doi nam bat thong lin vi lien du in song thuc tg boat dpng dign vdi ehu ky la - ihang/lan Tucmg tu, cae ban quan ly eiia cae dja phuang khie chii yeu hoat dong iheo hinh thuc long ghep vao eac hogt dong khae ngn npi dung lien quan dgn cong tac kigm tra, danh gia mo hinh ngheo nan vi thigu sau sic Vi cdng cu vd phirong phdp kiem tra, ddnh gid mirc dp hodn thdnh nhiim vu cua BQLDA ddi vdi cdc cdng vi4c cu the Tuong tu nhu cong lie kiem tra danh gia chat, ttong cae quy ehg hoal dong eiia BQLDA tai cac dia phuong dgu khong dg cap dgn eong tie Qua dieu tta va phinti'ehdfii chieu cic quy che hoat ddng ciia cie BQLDA cae dia phuong cho thiy, cong tic danh gia cac boat dong cy thg ttong tngn khai xiy dung md hinh hiu nhu chi mang tinh mgt chieu nhu d eie xa Thaeh Lap, Cam Long, Cam Yen cdng lie niy dupe thuc hign theo y kien ci nhin hoac nhdm thinh vign (2-3 nguoi dai dien) duoe phan cong theo doily nghigm thu sau bio cio true tiSp vdi trucmg ban va khong co hd so van ban xic nhan 2.4 Cong tac lap kc hoach thyc hien vi quan ly thyc hign dir an 2.4 Ldp ki hoaeh ihue hien ede md hinh Lip kg hoaeh thue hien du in li dilu kign quan ttong de dam bao sir cong ciia du an De eo dinh gia toan dign vg cae mo hinh sinh kg giam ngheo da vi dang thue hien tren dia ban tinh Thanh Hoa, ehiing loi da lien hanh danh gii cong lie lap kc hoach thuc hign mo hinh, ket qua dupe Irinh biy d bang 10 T:»P CHI KHOA HQC, TRUONG DAJ HQC HONG BlTc - SO 33 2017 Bang T h y c tr^ng thyc hien cong l i e l#p kc hogch trign khai cua c i c mo hinh sinh kt giam nghgo trgn dia b^n tinh Thanh H6a giai doan 2010-2013 ^——,,,^^^^ Xa dieu tra Quang Thanh Xuin Cam Cam Thuy Thach Tieu ehi ~^~—-.^^^^^^^^ Phii Tin Khang Long Ygn Son Lap Xac dinh cic hogt dong dg dat dupe muc tigu Xac dinh Ihdi gian hoan tiiinh moi boat dong Du irCi kinh phi va eic nguon lue can Ihiel cho moi hoat dpng 4, Du trii long kinh phi kmh phi (Ngudn Phong vdn vdphdn Uch 1,6 sa du dn BQLDA, ndm 2014} Ghi chli- (-) BQLDA khdng lap ki hoach trien khai md hinh sau duoe duyet (dua vdn ke hopch de xual xdy dung md hinh han ddu), (- *) Chi cd Irong ke hoach du todn ban ddu phe Vi cdng tdc xdc dmh cdc hoat ddng cu the de dat myc tieu dir dn H i u hgi cae dia p h u o n g t n e n khai thyc hign theo nhung boat d p n g d i x i y dung Ihco kg hoach da duoc phe duyet d i n den cd mdt so npi dung eua du an ihuc hign g i p nhigu kho khan thue tg t n e n khai md hinh Ve cdng tdc xdc dinh thdi gian cdn ihiet de hodn thdnh cdc hopt ddng, it duoc quan tam d i n dgn hau hgt cac du i n tai cac dia phuong deu cham tien dp so vdi ke hoach ban d i u , Dign hinh n h u m o hinh d y i n nuoi de sinh sin dxa C i m Long v i x i Cam Yen theo ke hoaeh den nam 2013, p h i i tien hanh Ihu hoi % giong ban dau dg dau lu nhan rdng m o hinh cho cac ho ngheo mdi, nhien den eong t i e van chira thyc hign vi cdng tdc lap ki hoach du trii kinh phi Cac dia p h u o n g chu yeu thue hien phin bo kinh phi ho ttp fir du an theo kg hoach d u toan v i il quan l i m den viec lap du loan ve sir dung eho p h i n kmh pht dSi u n g huy dpng tir ho nong dan dia phuong v i eac nguon khac Q u a d i l u tra, khao s i l cong lac lap kg hoaeh ban d i u chi eo x i Xuan Khang va Thanh Tan ed lap ke hoach vg nguon vdn huy dpng dan va von ho tro ciia N h i may dudng Viet Dai va N h a m a y ducmg N o n g Cdng, H i u q u i la Sue y " ttong cdng lie d i u tu cua nong dan tham gia mo hinh d cac dm p h u a n g la tijong doi Idn v i ngu6n kinh phi ngan saeh cap cham tign so vdi thuc te san xual vi cdng tdc du todn v i chm sy i n h h u d n g eua dia p h u o n g nhu xa Thanh (tren t i n d T h i n h Tan v i ldng kinh phi ihuc hien Do thuc hign ehua cd linh k l hoaeh eao chenh Igeb g i i ca vat tij, giong d i u tij vao mo hinh nen mpt so Tan v i x i Thach Lap da x i y hien tirpng lham hut phan bon Thach Lap) so vdi vdi kg hoaeh ban dau Cdng tdc qudn ly thuc hien cdc mo hinh Q u i n ly d u an la t i l n trinh l6 chuc v i sii dung eac nguon luc nham dai muc ligu ldng q u i t va nhiing m u c tieu eu thg cua d y an [1] Nghien eim da lien hanh dieu tra J^V CHi KHOA HQC, TRt)6NG fl»I HQC H N G BJiC -} khao sat va danh g i i cae noi dung quan ly Ihuc hien c i c md hinh sinh ke g i i m ngheo trgn dia b i n linh Thanh Hoa giai doan - , k i t qua d u p e trinh bay a b i n g Bang Thyc trang thirc hien cong t i c quan 1^ t h u c hi^n c i c mS hinh sinh ke giam nghgo iren dia b i n IJnh Thanh Hoa giai doan 2010 - 2013 Xa dicu tra Quang ~~^—~-. ^^ Tieu chi ^~^^^^~ —_- _ Phii Xuan ^Tin*" Khang Cam Cim Long Yen Son Lap Thach / Quan l\ tien thuc bien Tien dp su d\ing ngudn von (dai ngan) +-H- +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Tien dg ihye hien thuc le -H-* +++ +++ +++ +++ -HH- +-(-+ - Quan ly chdi hrpng cdc md hinh Td chuc nghiem Ihu kgt qua thyc hien -H- -H- +- -H- -H- -H- -H- -l-H- -HM- -H- ++ ++ -H- ^ +++ +++ +++ eong vigc Quy ehe kiem fra, nghiem thu, dinh gii Tieu chuan chit luong kigm tra, nghigm thu, danh gia Cong tic nghiem thu dinh gia ket q u i - - « +++ -H-l- + +* Qudn ly Idl ehinh L^p ke hoaeh lai chinh Tong hpp eie khoan chi Iheo cic thdi ky + + + + +-I- -H- ++ ++ + ++ -t- + ++ ++ + +++ So sinh giiia ke hoach tii chinh va chi Ihye tg Ke ho^ch ve nguon kmh phi du phong phit smh Quan ly ngudn nhdn luc Tuygn ehon ein bg thuc hien md hinh Lya ehon ho lham gia Dao tao, boi duong BQLDA + + + + + + ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ +++ ++++ ^LO +.1A Qudn ly gidng, phdn bdn vd tieu thu sdn phdm Don VI eung ling + -1- + + + + O i i c i v$l lu + + + + -1- + + Then diem eung cap + -1- + + -I- + + + Qudn ly ky thudt (quy Irinh ky Ihudt) Tap huin quy trinh ky thuat -H- -H- +++ + + •H"H- + Ap dyng quy trinh ky thuat -H-+ +++ +++ -H- -H- +-H-I- + Quan ly ihdng Im Thong lin ihi tnrdng, gia e i Thong lin dich bgnh, thoi tiel Thong tin thue trang du an -H- ++ -H- ++ +++ + -1- -H- + + -H- •H-+ -H- + ++ + -H-l- + + 'dphdn tich ho to BQLDA cdc dia phucmg n A HQC, TRirfBSG B^ HQC H O N G BLTC - SO 33 2017 Chi chu (-)Mh: qudn ly yen, (+) Mire qudn ty kem (++) Mirc quan ly Trung binh (+++) Mirc qudn ly idt (++++) Muc qudn tji rdt tdt (*) Thien lai (lir lul, sdu benh); LG Ho dong mang dnh ldng ghep Ve qudn ly tien dp thuc hien- Tign dp inln khai thyc hign mo hinh d cac dja phuong thudng chim tiln dp so vdi kl hoach ca tiln dd sir dung v6n va tiln Inln khai ngoii thyc te Nhu di phin tieh, phin ldn cie dja phuong khong lap kl hoaeh kmh phi thyc hign cho tiing giai doan vi cd hign Wang "chd vdn ngdn sdch "mdi triln khai thue hien nen dan den hign tugng von ngin sieh cip thuong cham hem so voi ihoi vu thuc lg ciia cic md hinh, dac bigl eo xa Quing Phii hi inh hudng eiia thign tai, lu lyt nen lign dp du an chim hem ban so vdi cac dia phuong va kl dy kign ban diu (cham 01 nam) nSn ed inh hudng ding kg dgnket qua ciia du an Ve cdng tdc qudn ly chdt luong: Do han ehg khiu lap kl hoach, xay dyng quy ehg ho^l dgng va xay dyng cac tieu chuin, tigu chi danh gia eac npi dung cdng vige ngn hiu hgt cac dia phuong eon gap kho khin eong lic kilm tra danh gii ehit lupng clio timg giai doan eua du an, d^c biet la doi vdi phin huy dpng dpng gdp tir ngudi ndng dan Ben canh do, bau hgt cac hoat dpng danh gii chat lugng eiia cic (hanh vign BQLDA manh tinh chu quan, djnh tinh va hinh thiic (bio cao mieng, doi thoai) Ve cdng tdc qudn ly ldi chinh Do thigu ke hoaeh cho timg giai doan cu the, tai mpt s6 dia phucmg nhu Thanh Tan vi Thaeh Lap khdng xac dmh duoc miic ehgnh Igch giiia kinh phi dir loan ban dau so vdi kinh lg chi ngoai thyc tg dan den tham hyl vat tu, phin bon hd tro cho cic hp tham gia dy an Ben canh do, hau hgt eie dia phuang ehu yeu lap irung vao giai doan dau eua du an nhu lam dat/con gidng/phan bon/ehuong ttai, din den nguon v6n sii dung ehinh cho cong lic ph6ng dieh benh vat nuoi eay ttong ciia eac ho ndng dan gap rit nhigu kho khan, diln hinh la md hinh nudi dg c6 4/30 hd hi thigl hai hoin loin so de gidng chigm 13,33% vi qudn ly ngudn nhdn luc Cic dia phuong it chii ttpng hoal dgng do hau hit eic hoat ddng cu Ihg chua dat chit lucmg theo ygu ciu, eu the: v l tuyin chon nhan lue can bd du an: Co ciu Id ehiic BQLDA cdng kinh, din trai tten tit ci cic ban nganh ciia dja phuong, ttinh chuygn mon ciia eac thinh vign It lien quan tryc ngp den cac ddi tupng xay dung mo hinh; v l cong tie dio tap, bdi dudng dpi ngu can bp quan ly: cac mo hinh sinh kg tai cae dia phuang tren dai ban tinh Thanh Hda giai doan 2010 - 2013 mdi chi ehii y dgn cdng tic dao tao, t^p huin cho ndng din ma thilu di sy quan tam ein thiet den dio tao bdi du5ng nang cao ning lye quan ly eho dpi ngu cin bg co sd, BQLDA - Nhiing ngudi thyc hien tdt nhit phuang thire "TOT - ndng ddn chuyin giao cho ndng ddn " sau du in ket thiic, vi qudn ly nguon gidng vdt tu vd lieu thu sdn phdm: Diy la mgl Irong nhiing khau ylu eiia cae mo hinh sinh kl giam ngheo d lit ca cie dia phuong dieu tra, khao sat bao gdm ca eung cip gidng vat tu diu vio va bao lieu san pham diu ra, cy thg: TAP CHI KHOA HQC, T R H N G PAI HQC H O N G B(!C - SO 33 2017 v l eung iing gidng, vit tu diu vio: Khdng duac xay dyng kl hoach, vigc eung ung chi xuit hien ygu ciu phat sinh irong qui trinh thuc hien mo hinh va mang tinh thoi vy Vl ngu thu san phim md hinh: Vin de lieu thy san phim md hinh cung khdng dupe xac dinh xiy dyng kl hoaeh du an vi ttong sudt qua ttinh Ihuc hien khong cd sy lign kel vol cac doanh nghigp (trir md hinli mia la tinh die thu) dan den hau hgt cac sin phim mo hinh phai tieu thu mang tinh manh miin nhd le va gip rit nhilu kho khan Die bigl, d mo hinh ttdng hinh cham cua xi Thaeh Lip, gii ea qua thip so voi cdng thu hoach (khoang 10 OOOd/kg) nen ngudi ndng dan da chap nhan bo hoang luon sin pham tten dong rudng Ve cdng Idc qudn ly ky thudl Viee ip dung quy trinh ky thuat vio thuc le sin xuat eua ndng din Ihye hien cac md hinh o cac dia phuong cdn gap nhilu kho khan kha nang tilp thu vi vin dung cdn han ehg, thigu kign thiic vg phong tni djch benh, ddng tiid'i it duge lu van, hudng dan ciia can bp co sd va BQLDA Ve qudn ly thong lin: hau nhu hoal dpng thong tin mdi ehi lap trung mdt phan ve thong tin dich bgnh vat nudi cay trdng va mot phan thong tin vg thuc (rang du an Vg thdng tin gia ei gidng, vat tu dau vao va sin pham diu dien theo hinh thue thdng tm chilu va phy thude ldn vao gii cua thi tiirdng ty do, c6 fren 90% hp ndng dan cho rang hg khdng bigt eac ngucn Ihdng tin ve thi irudng gia ci Doi vdi Ihdng lin vg dign bign thdi net, dieh benh va hd teatirvin giii quylt thudng cham tie va thigu sat Qua digu, co trgn 86% h0 cho ring, eac ngudn thong tin vl diln bign dich benh li chua kip thai, lu van bign phap giai quylt ehua sat sao, chua hieu qui Vi du, d cie xa Cam Long va Cim Yen dg hi benh "chuong hi^ng, ddy hai", hiu nhu cie hd phii ly tim den eic dieh vu thii y m nhin dg dupe tu vin, giai quylt va hiu hit phii hign dg bi bgnh diu d linh trang nguy kich nen ty le ihanh cdng thip, thigt hai Idn Tuong W, VOI cac thdng lin vg dy in eiing ehua duge cung cip thuong xuygn va chua toin dien, nhu d xi Cim Ygn mdt bp phan ndng dan chua hieu vl phuong in nhan rdng md hinh bing hinh Ihuc Ihu lai va bin giao l^i 50% eon gidng nhin ban diu eho eic hd ngheo khac, nen ed 3/20 (15%) ciia xa Cim Long ndng dan da ban gin hit s6 dg hien cd ciia hp lim inh hudng dgn kha nang phat tiiln dan vi mil di tinh phat ttiln bin vimg cua md hinh Cdng tdc tdng kit ddnh gid md hinh vd li tin khai nhdn rdng Diy la khau cudi eiia cpng lie quan ly du in, la Ihdi dilm tdng kit dinh gia lai miic dd hoin eac muc ligu so vdi kg hp^ch, phan tich dg lim rp nhitng anh huong eua dy an doi vol ddi song kinh tl xa hgi ciia dia phuang, ldng kit nit kinh nghiem, danh gii kha nang ngirdi dan dia phuong cd thg tilp lye tri ihanh qua va xiy dyng phuong an dl nhin rpng md hinh dc phit tiiln kmh tl, xa h6i o dja phuong ttong thdi gian tilp theo Trong nghien cuu niy, ehung tdi cung da tiln hanh cae boat dpng trgn dl dinh gii cac mo hinh smh kc giam ngheo tai cie dia phuong trgn dia bin tinh Thanh Hda, giai doan 2010 2013, kgt qua dugc trinh biy d bang T:»P CHI KHOA HQC, RLTONG D ^ I HQC H O N G BJiC - SO 33 Bang S T h y c trang cong t i c tong kgt d i n h gia c i e mo hinh v i triln khai nhan rgng cac md hinh sinh kc giam ngheo Iren dia han tinh Thanh Hoa giai doan 2010 - 2013 ~~~~~-~~.,.^^^^ Xa Quing Tieu chi ~~-—— ,,^ Phii Dinh gia kel qua Dinh gii hieu qui va tie dgng Bai hoc kinh nghigm Phuong in phit tnen, nhan rdng md hinh Thinh Xuin Khang Cam Long Cim Yen -H-l- -H-l- -1-+ -H- Son +++ -H- -l-H +-1- ++ -H- - -H-h -1-H- -H- ++ +++ +-H- ^ -H-H ++-1- +-!-+ -H- Thach ++ (Nguon Phdng vdn BQLDA cdc dia phuang nam 2014) Ghi chd (-) Khdng/chua ddnh gid; (+) Ddnh gid so sdi; (++) Ddnh gid ca bdn, (+++) Ddnh gid todn Ve cdng tdc tdng ket ddnh gid dien Ket qua dieu tra cho t h i y cdng lae danh gia md hinh cdn nhigu han ehg n h u danh gia vdi npi dung s a sai, chua tham ehieu d i y dii vai c i e mue tigu dat qua trinh lap kg hoach d y i n Ve hiiu qud vd tdc dpng Hau het c i e dia phucmg chua thue hign s o i l , danh gia tpan dign vg higu qua g i i m n g h e o va ihoal ngheo ddi vdi eac hd nong dan tham gia md hinh, dign hinh ttong so la 02 x a Thach L i p va C a m Ygn Ve phuong dn tnen khai nhdn rpng md hinh: c h u a dupe thuc hien dong bo va c i c ngi dung d u o e thuc hien ygu Trong sd d o , md hinh nudi dc d 02 xa C i m Long va c i m Yen dii da b u o c dau eo xu h u d n g tieh cue (long dan dg eua eac ho tang k h o i n g 2,5 l i n so vdi ban d i u ) v a cung da co p h u o n g i n nhan rpng m d hinh cd tinh k h i Ihi cao nhu da cam k i t vdi eac hp tham gia ban d a u song !ai v i n chua tnen khai thue hien vao thue tien KET LUAN VA DE XUAT H i u h i t c i e dia p h u a n g cd md hinh sinh k l giam ngheo tten dia ban linh Thanh Hda chua thyc hien tdt cdng l i e lham v i n cpng ddng, cdng t i e lap kg ho;ieh tticn khai thue hien, cdng tac q u i n ly md hinh d mpl sd khau nhu: bd may B Q L D A cdn dan trai, cong k i n h , it lien quan iryc t i l p v l ehuyen mdn Hoat dpng kigm tta, giam sal ciia BQLDA cdn s o sai, ehua x i y d y n g d u o e b o tigu chi danh gia ve e h i t lugng cho timg ndi dung, timg eong viee Nhin chung c h u a t h i t su hieu qua, dien hinh n h u ho?it dong quan ly giam sal p h i n d d n g gdp eiia dan c h u a dirac ihye hien khdng lap d u loan v i Ihilu e o che g i i m sat Bgn c^nh d o , cdng l i c quy hoach viing t n e n khai t h i l u tinh lap ttung, ehua ehu trgng d i n cdng lac dao lao, bdi d u o n g nang cao nang luc quan ly d u an eho ddi ngii can bd BQLDA ttong Vi v i y , dg cai thign c h i t lugng, hieu qua eiia cac md hinh/dy an g i i m ngheo Ihdi gian tdi, c i n n h i t thilt p h i i l i y thdn b i n lam Irung tam, tdn trgng tri thirc ban dia, quan tam den y l u td lien phong trpng g i i m ngheo, han ehe chinh saeh ho try 100%cae hang m u c d i u lu n h u eon gidng/phan bdn/val ttr cho ndng dan, c i n id chiic huy dgng va 15 TAP CH( KHOA HQC, TRir6NG B^l HQC H O N G BJfC - SO 33 2017 giam sit chat che ngudn vdn ddi ling ciia nong dan, tang cudng sy tiiam gia eua mgl so to chiie cpng dpng (Hpi phy nir, Hdi ndng dan, Doan ihanh nign, w) va can chii ttpng nang cao nang lye quan ly cua BQLDA ve kJ* ning lap vi quin ly du an, quan ly tai chmh, theo ddi va giam sit du in TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] DS Kim Chung (2003), Gido trinh "Du dn phdt tnen ndng thdn", Nxb Ndng nghiep Hi Npi [2] Trin Vin KJiin vi cdng su (2004), Tdi lieu hudng ddn Xdy dung vd qudn ly du dn phdt tnin ndng than, Du in phai men ndng thon Cao Bing, Bae Kan [3] Hoing Manh Quan (2007), Gido trinh "Lap vd qudn ly dif an phdt Inen ndng thon ", Nxb Nong nghigp Hi Ndi [4] Ngd Quang Son (2014), Phdt triin md hinh cdi thien sinh ki ben vung cho cdng ddng difa tren tiim ndng tri thirc bdn dia cua cdc ddn loc thieu sd'\ Ky yeu hdi thao qudc tg "Phil triln bin vittig vi xoa ddi giam ngheo eho ddng bao dan tdc Ihieu sd d cacrinhmiin niu" Nxb Dai hpc Thii Nguygn, Thai Nguyen [5] Bp Lap dpng - Thuong binh vi Xa hgi, Vdn kien du dn hd tro thuc hien Nghi quyet SO/NQ-CP vi Dinh huong giam ngheo ben virng thai ky' 2011- 2020 vd Chuang trinh Muc tieu Qudc gia Gidm ngheo Bin viing giai doan 2012 - 2015 (PRPP) [6] Bd Ndng nghigp vi Phit trign Nong thdn - Cdng ddng chung Chau Au, Tii lieu hudng dan (2004), Xdy dung vd qudn ly du dn phdt triin ndng thdn Du in phii trign ndng thdn Cao Bing - Bac Kgn THE SITUATION OF FORMULATION, IMPLEMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD PROJECT TO REDUCE POVERTY IN THANH HOA PROVINCE 2010 - 2013 LE Van Cuong, Ngu>cn Thi Dung ABSTRACT Thanh Hoa is one of four selected provinces to implement the Resolution ofSO/NQCP (2011-2020) and the National Targeted Program on Sustainable Poverty Reduction (2012-2015) However, the livelihood models didn 'l welt their works on consultaltng eommiimiy, planning for imptemenlaiion managing the quality and human sources of livelihood models These led to the lack of uniformity and low efficiency in distributing the state fundings As a result, the livehood models had not properly supported local producing development as well as pi omoted creativity of farmers Keywords: Livelihoodmodel\, sustainablepoveity reduction  ... thupc du an PRPP giai doan 2010- 2013 trgn dia bin cac huyen Thp Xuan, Thach Thanh, Nhu Thanh, Cam Thuy vi Ngoc Lie, cu (hi: Mo hinh nuoi de d Cim Yen va Cim Long, md hinh trdng mia a Thanh Tin, Xuin... hinh sinh kg giam ngheo du an PRPP tren dm ban tinh Thanh Hda giai doan 2010 2013, lic gii da tiln hinh digu tra, khao sit thue ttang lham vin cpng dong tiep can va xay dung cac mo hinh sinh. .. l i e l#p kc hogch trign khai cua c i c mo hinh sinh kt giam nghgo trgn dia b^n tinh Thanh H6a giai doan 2010- 2013 ^——,,,^^^^ Xa dieu tra Quang Thanh Xuin Cam Cam Thuy Thach Tieu ehi ~^~—-.^^^^^^^^