NGHIEN CLfU TRAO B 6 I V Quan diem cua Dang ve xa lldi lioa giao due A Viet Nam liien nay • PGS, TS Q O A N THj MINH OANH HQC vi$n Bcio chi va Tuyen truyin Dang Cpng san Viet Nam voi quan diem cot loi[.]
NGHIEN CLfU - TRAO B I V Quan diem cua Dang ve xa lldi lioa giao due A Viet Nam liien • PGS, TS Q O A N THj MINH OANH HQC vi$n Bcio chi va Tuyen truyin Dang Cpng san Viet Nam voi quan diem cot loi "con ngir6i la tmng tam ciia sv phat trien" da d$c bi^t chu trpng pMt trien giao dye, de cac chit tmong, myc tieu, gi^ phap cang khoa hpc, phil hprp vol dieu k i ^ kinh te - xa hpi cua dat nuoc va thuan theo gia tri chung cua nhan lo^ Bai viet b ^ I ve n h ^ thuc, npi dung chinh, tren ca so de cac giai ph^p cho xa hpi hoa gi^o dye hi$n Do la, tuyen tmyen cho cap uy, chinh quyen va nguoi dan nhin thirc dung d5n, d4y du ve xa hpi h6a giio dye; xay dyng co che, chinh sach huy dpng cac ngu6n lyc phdt tri8n giao dye; xay dyng tiey chuin, ' tieu chi dinh gia cac npi dung quan ly nha nuoc vg giao dye; danh gid va kiSm sodt kk hppv6i.% danh gia ya kiem soat ngoai ve cac hoat dpng giao dye va giam sdt sii dyng cac ngudn lyc xa hpi hoa | bdng nhieu ehii the "ehinh thdng" va "phi chinh thong" D ^ hpi d^ bieu toan qu6c lan thii Xn ciia Trong nhifm vy trpng lam thi nhi$m vy thiinlni Dang Cpng san Vi?t Nam xdc djnh: co ghi i6: "Thu hiit, phat huy mjnh me mpi nguon "Gido dye la qu6c sach hang ddu Phdt luc vd siic sdng tao ciia nhan ddn"; nhi^m vy Irpng Irien gido dye vd ddo t?o nhdm nang cao dan tri, ddo tam thii sdu: Phdt huy nhan to ngucri m 1^ nhdn lyc, boi duung nhan tdi Chuyen manh qua Iinh vyc ciia d6i s6ng xa hpi; tgp trung xdy dimg trinh giaodycchuyeutir dang bj kiSn thuc sang phat ngucri vS djio due, nhan edch,16is6ng,lritu( ttien loan dipn nang lyc vd phdm chit nguoi hpc; hpc vd nang lye ldm viec; xay dyng moi ttutog van boi di doi voi hanh, ly lujn gdn voi thuc liln Phdt ttiSn ldnh manh gido (lye vd dao tjo phdi gdn vdi nhu cau phdt ttien Khi ta quan nipm gido rf((cld hojt dpng tdc djng kinh tS - xa hpi, xay dyng vd bao vp T6 quk, vdi tiSn co hp thong dSn sy phat triSn tinh thdn, the chit cill bp khoa hpc - cong nghe, yeu cau phdt tti&i nguon ngucri ldm cho hf boc lp nhiing nang Im: d> nhan lyc va thi trudng lao dpng"""; va de chii a«,ddndandinhhinhvaphdttti8nnhQngphimcyi ttirang: "Khuyen khich cdc didnh phdn kinh tS phat va nang lyc theo yen cau ciia xa hpi; ddo tdiem lay ngudi '^tnmg tim ciia sy phit hifin", 'giio dye v i dao tao li qudc sich hing diu", nhan Man gdp siic xay dyng nen giao dye qudc din dudi Si thdng 1J-20I6 sg quan ly cua Nha nudc "Giio dye li su nghifp eiia quan chiing" Qui trinh giao (^ic ngudi, dgc bift la thfi hf tre, trd tiianh ngudi cdng dan cd hich nhifm, ngudi lao ddng ed nang lyc v i phim chat d ^ ling yeu ciu cua xa hpi, bifit lim chu cupc sdng ciia minh khdng chi la traeh nhiem cua nginh giao dye m i la tiich nhifm eua toin Dang, toan dan, phai cd su tham g ^ tieh cyc vi phdi hpp chat che cua toan xa hpi va sg tham gia, phoi hpp ay phii dupc tifin hinh cd td chdc, khoa bpc, lien tye dudi sy "cam chich" ciia cap uy cic cip mdi mang lai hifu qua eao Nhu viy, xa hpi hda giao dye khdng cd nghia li, Nha nudc chuyen giao hay phd thic nhifm vy hifin dinh eua minh eho eic c i nhan, td ehiic, doanh nghifp, m i li tao difiu kifn de toan xa hfi tham gia vio giio dye, eho nd dip ung tdt nhit nhu ciu ciia mpi thinb vifin xa hpi, cho cung dupc hpc tap dfi dip ling yeu ciu edng vife hogc tim kifim vific lim, ciing cd difiu kifn hudng ca hpi tham gja vio ddi sdng kinh te-xa hpi nhu Xa hpi hda giio dye gom thinh phan ehinh: - Xay dyng mpt xa hpi hpe tap dd mpi ngudi hpc tap thudng xuyen, hpe tgp sudt ddi, tgo mpt pbong trio hpc t|;p sau rpng xa hpi dudi nhifiu hinh thuc dfi ngudi dan lam vifc tot hon, thu nhgp eao hem, cupc song tdt d?p ban, lim cho Vift Nam trd mpt xa hpi hpe tap Thuc chit xa hpi hpc t$p li md rpng giio dye - giio dye dgi ehdng v i hpc tap sudt ddi vdi cic hf gia trj eot loi nhu UNESCO (E xic dinh: "hpc dfi bifit, hpe de lim, hpc de tu khang dinh vi hpc de cung chung sdng" Van kifn Dgi hpi IX eiia Ding nhin mgnh "Diy mgnh phong trio hpc tap nhan din bing nhiing hinh thiic giio dye ehinh quy va khdng chinh quy, thyc hifin: "giio dye eho mpi ngudi", "Ci nude trd tiiinh mpt xa hfi hpc tap" va dup^ Van kifn Dgi hpi X nfiu ro thfim "Chuyen din md Wnh giio dye hifn sang md hinh giio due md - md binh xa hfi hpc tgp vdi hf tiidng giao dye sudt ddi, dao tao lien tyc, lien tiidng giira cac bgc hpc, nginh hpc; xay dyng va phit trifin hf thdng hpe tap cho mpi ngudi vdi nhimg hmh ttiuc hpc tap, tiiyc hinh Imh hoat, bio dam su cdng bing xa hpi giio due" - kifin Ly luftn chfnh tri A Tlruyin th&ng Nljnicn u u u - I nMu wt tgo hf ttidng giio dye ehinh qity tiCTig nha tnrdng va nhiing trudng ldp, nhung td chuc hpc t ^ theo phucrng thiic khdng ehinh qi^^ (can gl hoe nay) Nhu vgy, xa hpi hpc tap la mpt mdi tiudng giaa dye, dd mpi ngudi deu duoc cung cap ca hdi hpc tap vdi nhung thifit ehe ^ a o due md, mfim deo, Iinh hogt, Ihieh ling vdi dieu kifin hoc tap cua timg ngudi, timg CO quan, don vi mpt mdi trudng troog dd, mpi lyc lupng xa hdi, mpi ting ldp xa hdi dfiu ty giac bpc hanh, tich cyc tgo eic ea hpi v i difiu kien hpc t£^ cho xa hpi cbo ci xa hpi trd mpt trudng hpc ldn, mdi ngudi dan la mdt hpe trd, nhu cau hpc tudn dupc d ^ ung va la noi cung c ^ ngudn nhan lyc doi dio, da dgng vdi nhieu trinh dp, nhieu nang tyc Idiic nhau, dap iing nhu cau phat trien ciia dat nudc, hpi nhip kinh tfi qudc tfi mpt mdi tnrdng lao dpng ludn bifin ddi dudi sy tie ddng tieo tw eua khoa hpc v i edng nghf Nhdm chu the nhd irudng - hgc sinh vd gia dini Trudc hfit, dudi gde dp cua nguoi di tipc Xa tip hda giao dye d day cd n g ^ tao dieu kifn dfi lam sac cbo ngudi di hpc d u ^ tiiam gja vao vifc quin ly cua trudng eiing ohu xay dyng chuong trinh hpe taf), giang dgy Ntiin til ptiia ttiay giao ctunh la ntiim khai thic tinb chu dpng, sing tao, chiu trach nhifm tiiyc tiifn edng vife giiog dgy cua tip tion oiia; nhi ttudng la quyfin quan trj Vdi qua trmh xa bpi hda, tiing tmdng, timg dia phuong, bing ddi tupng ngudi tipc dugrc quyfin cd chuong trinh ciing nhu each ttiuc ^ va hpe rieng eho phu hpp Tir gde dp phy huynli, hp cd quyfin tham gia xay dyng v i giam sit hogt dpng cua ntia tnidng noi em hp hpc t ^ , v i eiing cd quyen cd tieng ndi qui tiinh xay dyng npi dung giio dye va xay dyng mdi hudng giio dye cua toan xa hpi; hp cd qiQ^fin bf Xa hpi hpc t ^ da thyc sy hd thinh mdt xu thfi lya chpn nai hpe \$p cho eon em eua hp Nbiing mdi qua trinh phit trien eua nlian loai d ttidi kj' gia dinh giiu ed, muon eon em cua hp vio hpc a hgu cdng i ^ f p Dd eiing ti ddi bdi cua yfiu cau ptiit nhiing trudng tdt hern thi Ntia nudc tgo difiu kifn cho trifin kinh te, ctiatient)p ktioa hpe, cdng nghf va cung cie doanh nghifp, td chdc md nhung eo sd gjio dye li ddi hdi cua sy ptiit trifin ngurcd d thdi dgi mdi tifn nghi, chat lining eao han dfi dip iing nhu ciu Vift Nam ptiii bda nhjp dupc vao xu thfi Nhom chu the qudn ly vd tham gia qudn ly - vai - Vgn dpng toin xa hpi xay dyng va ddng gdp danh nghia Id mgt td chuc chinh quyen xa hgl; hogc eho giao dye cd nhdn co tu cdch phdp nhdn hogt dgng tmng Hnh Thye hifn xa hpi hda giio dye se phit huy mpi vuc gido due tiem nang xa hdi vfi vat chit, tri tuf, khoa hpc Cic cip uy Ding, Hpi ddng nhan dan, Uy ban kl thugt, huy dpng sy tiiam gia eua toan xa hpi vao nhan dlin giu vai tm tjjyei dinh hf thong Cic sy nghifp giio dye vdi cic miic dp k h ^ ntiau giup nginh chuc nang tiiupc UBND giii vai trd phdi hpp gjao dye dat quy md rpng, tdc dp Idn, chit Iupng eao Cic to ehiic doin the ntian dan, cae co sd, td diiic dip ung nhu ciu pbit trifin v i tifin bp giao dye, dip sin xuit, eic t6 ehde v i ei nhan - vdi tu each li cic ung nhu cau "tiiiy minh", "cd minh" giao dye ehu thfi kinh te, td ehuc xa hpi: cd quyen bo^l Day li mpt giii pbip quan trpng dfi ttiuc hifn chinh dpng md tiudng, ldp v i tham gia vio hogt dpng ciia sieh cdng bing xa hpi chien lupc kinh tfi - xa cac CO sd giio dye, dio tgo ed lifin quan den Imh vyc hpi eua Ding v i Nha nudc Cdng bing khdng chi hogt dpng cda tip viec hudng ttiy (ngudi din dupc ohi oudc va Cic to chiie xa hpi nghfi nghifp: cd q u y ^ v4 xa hpi cham Io), hongtifinbinh cac cdng vifc dem trach ntiifm tham gia hogeh djnh ehu tiuong, chirii I^ lpi ich thifit than ma cdn viec ddng gdp, saefa, chuong trinh giao difc, dio tgo; tiiam gja tiiim cdng hifin eho xa hpittieokhi nang ttiyc tfi cua tuog dinh ehuong trinh gjio dye, dio tgo thupc liiih vyc n^rdi, tung td chiic, tung dia phucmg hoat dpng eua hp Vi dy, d binh difn chung, tiifn nay, Ciii nhin xa hdi hda giio due vdi nhifiu chifiu Ntia nude can tranh thu K>i da y Irifin chuyen mda cgnh vfi chii the va goc dp tiiam gia: cua Hifp hfi cac trudng dai hpc, cao ding Vift Nam, Ly I n ^ c h i n h t r i A T^uy4n th6mg Si thdng J J.2016 Hifp hpi Giio dye vi moi ngudi v i Hpi IChuyen hpc Mft Nam, y kien ciia cic ehuyeo gia v i ngoai hf thdng chinh tri; d binh difin nginh nghe chuyen biet, ptiai cd sy tham gia cua chuyfin gia v i CO quan ntia nude quin l;y nganh nghfi dd Nhu vay, sdc mgnh tdng hpp ciia cac nganh ed Iifin quan den giio due dupc tmy ^ i g vio vifc {Mt trien sy nghifp gjao dye; eae lye luong xa hpi ctia cpng ddng dupc huy dpng tham gja vio cdng tic giao dye, vio da dgng hoi eic hinh ttidc giao dye va cie logi hinh nlii trudng md rpng eae ngudn diu tu, khai ttiie tifim nang vfi nhan lyc, tn lyc, vat lyc, tai lyc xa hpi, ntian dan tgo difiu kifin cho giao dye phit trifiiL O day, can nhin manh dieu kifn tifin quyfit de tiiyc hifn thinh cdng xa bpi bda gjio dye li sy lanh dao tryc tiep cua Ding, sy quin ly chgt che cua Nhi nudc v i vai tro chu dpng, ndng cdt cua nginh giio due Day la dgc difimrifingcua xa hpi hda giio dye eua nude ta Xa hpi hda giao dye phai nhim dat dupc nhung mye tifiu thifit yfiu cua giio due va ciia Ding, Ntii nude Trong mpi tmdng hpp, Ntia nudc ludn ptiii ctiju ti^ch ntiifm cliinh, khdng the ehuyfin gjao trich nhifm cua minh cho khic Hifn nay, dfi edng cufc xa hpi hda giao due dung bin chat, dgt myc dieh dfi ra, cin phii t$p tnmg lim tot nhiing cdng vife sau day: Thir nhdt, tuyen tmyfin nang eao ntian ttiiic cua cic cap uy Ding, ctiinh cpjyen, doan thfi, ngudi din vi toin xa hpi vfi ddi mdi can ban, toin difn giio dye, dd ed xa hfi hda gjio dye; khac phyc ntian thdc pliien difn xa hfi hda giio dye chi li huy dfng nguon lye vat chit xa hpi v i xa hpi dim : nhifm, nliang traeh ntiifm Nha nude Thtf hai, tich eye, khan truang thfi ehfi hoi xa hpi hda giio dye vi xay dyng co che, ctiinh sach huy dfng cfic ngudn tye phit trifin giao dye, dgc bifit ; ngu6n lyc tri tuf bing vifc thuc tiifn tdt nguyen tic I Igi ich va tinh Ipi ich khai thie vi sd dyng cic ; ngudn lyc cho giao dye I Thtf ba xay dyng tifiu chuan, tifiu chi danh gii I cie npi dung quin Iy nhi nudc ve giio due v i dao I tgo D6\ mdi cdng tac thdng tin va tmyfin tiidng dfi i tiling nhat ve nhan thuc, lao sy ddng ttiuin va huy ^ Si thdng U-2016 ddng sy tham gia dinh gja, giam sat va phan bien ciia toan xa hpi ddi vdi cac npi dung quan ly nha nudc ve giio dye, dio tgo, cd eac npi dung cua xa hpi hda giao due Thu tit, xay dyng va su dyng cic dii lieu thdng tin ve giao dye, dao tgo cong khai, minh bgch, diy dii, kip thdi phyc vu nhu cau cua xa hpi; Idem tra, gjam sat chat ehe cic hogt dpng giao dye, dio tgo v i cic ngudn lyc eiia xa hpi hda giio dye bang nhieu chu tiie "ctiinh thdng" v i "phi etiinhtiidng"*^',dinh gia va kiem soit kfit hpp vdi dinh gia v i kifim soat ngoii Xa hdi hda giio dye li mpt tu tudng etiien tup€ ve giao dye, ctii dgo qua trinh xay dyng va phat trien giao dye ntiim tgo sy ehuyfin bien sau sac, cd tinh each mgng hogt dpng thyc tien, bien hogt dpng giio dye mang tinb chuyen bift (chuyfin mdn va nghifp vy) mpt linh vyc, mpt thifit chfi gjao dye (nganh gjio due), trd thinh mpt hoat ddng hpe tap rfng ldn v i sau sac bit re vio cac luih vuc ddi song vgt chit, tinh thin ciia xa hpi, dim bio cho giio due li sy ngliifp ciia toan Dang, toan dan vi toin xa hpi Day mgnh thye tiifn xa hpi hda giao dye tiifu qui, pliai tang cudng vai trd Ianh dao, quin ly cua Ding v i Nhi nudc theo Hifin phap v i phip h^X\ ddng thdi, huy dpng tdt nhit sy ddng gdp v§t chit v i tri tuf cua xa hpi, cua toin dan cham lo eho sy ngtufp giio due, khac phuc mpi bi^u hifn vy lpi, thifin Iden giio dye, dio tao Dac bift, ptiit huy dan chu thyc tiifn vi gjim sit vifc thyc hifn cie ehii tcwmg, chinh sieh, ehfi dp vfi gjio dye, bio dam tinh cdng khai, minh tigch, cdng bing huy dpng v i sur dyng cic nguon luc diu tu cho giio dye, ngin ngira sy Iam quyfin, Ipng quyfin, vi phgm ky luat, ky cuangCI (1), (2), (3) Dang Cgng san Vl$i Nam: Van ki?n D?i hpi dai bieu toan qu6c lin Ihir XU, Nxb CTQG, H.,2016, tri 14-115 288,117 (4) Dang Cgng s4n Viet Nam Nghj quy^t s6 29 HOi ngh] Tmng uong 8, ldt6a XL (5) "Chinh thing" hay "jAi chinh thong" M c4ch ggi ten ciia nhiing chii the bo^t d ^ frong Bnh vyc giSo dye theo quan nipn xa hpi pbo b i ^ tu xua dfin nay; cac t6 chuc thupc h? thong chinh tri dui^ coi ]k chinh thdng Ly loan ehinh tri & t r a y e n thong ...dinh ciia bac hpc, nganh hpc (tu in n ^ e n g la hi tic gii bo sung vao quan nifm phd bien ve giao due xa hgi hifn nay) Nhu vgy, bdn phgn cua gjao dye li phai xuat phit tii mdi ci the, c i... Dio tgo v i cic dan vi giao due cap dudi li ca quan chuyen nginh tiiyc hifn chu truong, dudng ldi, chinh sich ciia Dang v i Nhi nudc D^ bifn thyc hda quan diem cua Ding ve ddi mdi can bin, toin... gjao dye Vdi quan >diem lay ngudi ''^tnmg tim ciia sy phit hifin", ''giio dye v i dao tao li qudc sich hing diu", nhan Man gdp siic xay dyng nen giao dye qudc din dudi Si thdng 1J-20I6 sg quan ly cua