I S S N 2 3 5 4 0 5 7 5 ^ ^ ° " ^ ^ U ^ G DUNG TifeU CHUAN ISO TRONG QUAN LY CHAT LlTQNG GIAO DUC / jgl \ TAI KHOA KINH TETRU^CfNGDHSPKTHUT^G YEN \ ^ y APPLICATION THE ISO SYSTEM ON EDUCATION QUALITY[.]
ISSN: 2354-0575 / \ ^^°" ^ ^ jgl \ U ^ G DUNG TifeU CHUAN ISO T R O N G QUAN LY C H A T LlTQNG G I A O DUC TAI KHOA KINH TETRU^CfNGDHSPKTHUT^G YEN ^ y "• " ' ^ ' APPLICATION THE ISO SYSTEM ON EDUCATION QUALITY MAN \ G E M E N T IN E C O N O M I C FACULTY O F HUNG YEN UNIVERSITY O F T E C H N O L O G Y AND EDUCATION D6 Tiin Hirng, Dodn Thi T h u H u t m g Truang Dgi hoc Suphgm Ky thudt Hung Yin Tom Tdt: Trong bdi viet ndy, tdc gid tap trung phdn tich, lugn gidi nhdm ldm ro tdm quan cua viic ddm bdo chdt luang gido due dgi hpc, cdc khdi niem ve chdt luong, hi thdng qudn ly ehdt lugng di tir lifa chgn he thdng qudn ly chdt luong phii hgp v&i ddc diim cua Nhd tru&ng vd khoa Kinh te Kit qud nghiin cuu da chi ro tinh tru viit eua hi thdng qudn ly chdt lugng theo TCVN ISO 9001-2008 viic qudn ly edng viec tat cdc don vi mdt tru&ng dgt hgc & Viet Nam Tren ca s& do, tde gid da khai thdc nhimg nguyen tac qudn ly CO bdn eua he thdng qudn ly ndy, thiit ke nhiing cdng viec mang tinh dgc thu dua trin nhimg nguyen tac qudn ly ciia TCVN ISO 9001-2008 vd dinh huong dp dung thuc ti tgi khoa Ktnh ti Tir khoa: Chdt luang gido due Hi thdng qudn ly chdt luang, Nguyin tdc qudn ly Dat van de Chat lugng lufln la tieu chuan hang dau viec quyet dinh lya chon ciia ngudi tiiu diing va xa hpi Mac du chua cfl Dinh nghia tflng quat ve chat lugng nhung nguoi lufln sdn co nhiing tiiu chi riing biet ttong viec quylt dinh lya chpn ttong mfli ITnh vyc va pham tni khac nhau, Giao due vfln la mot linh vyc dich vy cfl tinh ddc thii ca ve san pham va yeu to danh gia chat lugng san pham Vdi ca sd giao due va ngudi hgc, san pham va chat lugng dich vy ttong giao due la kiin thuc, chuang trinh dao tao, mfli trudng hpc tap nghiin ciiu va phat triln Vdi doanh nghiep va xa hfli, san pham va chat lugng djch vu giao due dugc thi hiln d trinh do, ky nang, kien thuc, thai dp ciia ngufli hgc qua dao tao Chinh bdi tam quan ttong va tinh dac thu cua nfl, cac nha quan ly, nghien cuu giao due va xa hpi danh nhieu thfli gian quan tam din cac vin de phat ttien va nang cao chat lugng gido due hien dai Do dfl, mflt nghien cuu gflp phdn nang cao chdt lupng giao dye lufln can thiit va phii hgp vdi mpi giai doan ciia xa hfli Doi t u g n g va p h i n m g p h a p nghien cuu Trong pham vi bai viet nay, tac gia tap trung chii y i u vao dfli tugng nghien ciiu gdm: - He thflng quan ly chat lugng ISO, Bfl tieu chi danh gia trudng dai hpc - Nhiing boat dpng quan ly va bo£tt dgng chuyen mfln tai khoa Kinh t i , truflng DH SPKT Hung Yen Co sd ly luan cua bai viit gflm cac dinh nghTa, giai thich co ban theo Luat giao dye Viet Nam, Tieu chudn tnrdng dai hgc, khai nilm v i chdt lupng giao due cua cac Tfl chuc giao dye qufle te He thong quan ly chat lugng tbeo tilu chudn ISO va Bfl tieu chi danh gid trudng DH SPKT Hung Yen Trong nghiin cuu nay, tac gia tap tnmg giai quylt nhflm cac myc tieu cu thi dudi day - He thflng hfla co sd ly ludn v i chdt lugng giao dye dai hpc (GDDH) va cac he thflng quan ly chdt lugng GDDH - Phan tich thyc ttang hoat dflng quan ly chat luong giao dye tai khoa Kinh ti truong dai hoc SPKT Hung Yen - Xay dyng cac cflng viec cy thi dya tren nguyen tac qudn ly theo he thflng quan ly chit luong ISO 9001-2008, thiit lap quy trinh chi tiit, he thflng nhiing tai lilu hudng dan nham nang cao chat luong qudn ly giao due tai khoa Khoa hoc & C6ng nghg - So 3/2014 Cac phuang phdp nghien ciiu dugc su dyng chu y i u gflm: phucmg phap diu thsip du lieu so cdp (thong qua phong vdn va khao sat HSSV, CBGV, Doanh nghiep) phuong phap thu thap du lieu thu cap (tu cac nghien ciiu tien nhilm, sach chuyen khao va van ban nha nudc cfl lien quan), cdc phuang phap phan tich co ban nhu phuang pbap chuyin gia va phuang phap thao luan chuyen d i , phuong phdp thflng k l ciing dugc su dung ttong viec danh gia thyc trang va d l xudt giai phap cho nghien cuu Ket qua nghiin cdu va thao ludn 3.1 Khdi niem ve chat Ivgng giao d u e Chua cfl mflt dinh nghTa thflng nhdt v l chdt lugng nhung nhin chung, cac nha khoa hoc d l u thiia nhan: Chat lupng la mgt khai n i | m mang tinh tacms doi Chat lugng co t b i dugc xem nhu Id mflt su vuot ttdi (exceptional), su tuyet hao (perfectional) su phli hgp vfli myc tilu (fimess for purpose) - •' •'• tri dugc t h i hi|n bang tiln (value for monev\ • ^'•' the chuyen doi (ttansformative) [1], - a co Journal of Science and Technol I08> ISSN: 2354-0575 Tfl chuc ddm bao chdt lugng gido dye dai hpc qudc te (INQAHE - Intemational Network of Quality Assurance in Higher Education) da dua dinh nghia khdi qudt v i CLGD DH la (i) Tuan theo cac quy dmh; (li) Dat dugc cac muc tilu d l Tren nen tang khdi niem nay, Bfl GDDH dua quan dilm "Chat lugng giao due truong dai hgc la su dap ling myc tilu nhd trudng dc ra, dam bao cdc yiu cau ve mgc tieu gido dye dai hgc ciia Luat Giao due, phu hgp vdi yen cau dao tao ngufln nhan lyc cho sy phat triln kinh te - xa hfli ciia dia phucmg va cd nudc" [10)] Trong pham vi nghiin ciiu nay, kit hgp vdi cac quy dinh ciia Bfl GDDT v l kiim dinh chat lugng vd tilu chuan trudng dai hgc, tdc gia su dung dinh nghia v l chat lugng theo quan diim sfl ciia to chiic INQAHE vdi ngi dung "Chat lu-gng la su phii hgp vdi muc t i l u " dl tu do, dya tten dinli nghia nay, tdc gia se thiit lap nhiing "myc tilu" cu the ttong cac cflng v i | c cua khoa Kinh ti, thiit lap hi thflng qudn ly chdt lupng, cac huflng ddn thyc hien cflng vile nhdm dam bao myc tieu da d i 3.2 Mgt vdi thudt ngii' eg ban Kiim sodt chdt lugng (Quality Control) Kiem sodt chat lugng la thuat ngii lau ddi nhdt v l mat lich su Nfl bao gflm vile kilm tta va lo^i bo cdc pham hay san pham cufli cung khflng thfla man cac tieu chudn da d l trudc dfl [5] No la cflng doan xay sau cung san pham dugc lam xong, cd liln quan toi viec loai bo hay tu chfli nhiing hang myc hay san pham cfl Ifli Vile ldm thudng keo theo sy lang phi Ion vi phdi loai bo hay lam lai cdc san phdm khflng dat yeu cau [2] Ddm bdo chdt luang (Quality Assurance) Day la qua trinh xay trudc va ttong thyc hiln nhilm vu giao dye Moi quan tam ciia he thong la phdng chong nhimg sai pham co thi xay tu budc dau tiln Trong gido dye dai hgc, ddm bao chat lugng dugc xac dinh nhu cdc he thong, chinh sach, thu tyc, quy trinh, hdnh dgng vd thdi dugc thilt lap hi titrdc nham dat dugc, tri, giam sat va cdng cd chat lugng [7] Thanh tra chat lugng (Quality Inspection) Thanh tra chat iugng la viec cua nhdm cdc nha qudn ly ca quan hiru quan giao nhilm vy xem xet mgt each ky luong qud trinh dam bao chat lugng vd kilm tra chat lugng tai mgt trudng dai hgc de xem qua trinh thgc hien cd hgp ly va dung k l ho^ch hay khflng Kiim dinh chdt lirgng (Quality Accreditation) Kilm dinh chat lugng la vile dam bao vdi cgng dflng ciing nhu vdi cac tfl chiic cfl liln quan rdng, mgt trudng d^i hgc (hay mgt chucmg trinh) CO nhiing myc tieu dugc xac dinh mgt each ro rang Khoa hpc & Cfing nghe - S6 3/2014 va phli hgp, cfl dupc nhirng dilu kien d i dat dugc nhiing muc tieu dd va cfl kha nang phat tnin bin vdng 3.3 Cdc tieu chi ddnh gia chSt Iucmg giao dgc dai hgc [9] Trong phdn nfli dung nay, tdc gia trich ddn nguyin vdn chuang II tu diiu din diiu 13 tuong ung vdi 10 tilu chuan danh gia chdt luong ttudng dai hoc ban hanh kem theo quyit dinh sfl 65/2007/ QD-BGDDT 01/11/2007 nhdm xay dyng cac tieu chi cy the tai khoa Kinh tl, van dyng cac nguyin tac cua mfl hinh quan ly chdt Iugng theo ISO de dam bao dat dugc cdc myc tieu de Tieu chuan 1: Su mang vd muc tiiu cua truong dgi hoc; Tilu chuan 2: Td chuc vd qudn ly; Tieu chudn Chuong trinh gido due; Tieu chudn 4: Hogt ddng ddo tgo; Tilu chuan 5: Dgi ngu cdn bd qudn ly, gidng viin vd nhdn viin; Tilu chuan 6: Ngu&i hgc; Tilu chuan 7: Nghiin ciru khoa hoc, iing dung, phdt triin vd chuyin giao cdng nghe; Tieu chuan Hoat ddng hgp tdc qudc te; Tieu chudn 9' Thu vien, trang thiit bi hoc tdp vd co s& vgt chdt khde; Tilu chuan 10 Tdi chinh vd qudn ly tdi chinh Dya tren cac tieu chuan va tilu chi danh gia nay, ket hpp voi Bao cao ty danh gia ciia Nha truong, tac gid si xay dyng Tieu chuan cho khoa Kinh t l va thiet ke cflng viec tten nguyen tac cua TCVN ISO 9001-2008 nhdm ung dung quan ly chat lupng gido due tai Khoa 3.4 Tieu chudn Viet Nam ISO 9001-2008 va cac nguyen tac q u a n ly ctr ban Tfl chuc Tilu chudn hfla Qufle te tin viet tat la ISO (Intemational Organization for Standardization) Viet nam la viin chinh thuc ciia ISO tu nam 1977 Tflng cyc Tieu chuan Do luflng Chat lupng thuflc Bfl Khoa hpc va Cong nghe la ca quan dai diln thudng tryc ISO 9000 la bfl Tilu chuan vl he thflng quan ly chat lugng Tfl chuc tilu chuan bfla quoc tl ban hanh lan thd nhdt vao nam 1987, lan thu nam 1994, ldn thu vao nam 2000 va mdi nhdt la 2008 Bfl tilu chudn ISO 9000 (ttong dfl tilu chudn ISO 9001 dugc coi la tieu chudn co ban nhat, cflt yeu nhdt) xac dinh cac y i u cau co ban cua He thflng quan ly chdt lupng ciia mot To chuc Myc dich cua he thflng quan ly nham dam bao rang san pham ciia mpt Tfl chiic lufln cfl kha nang thoa man nhu cau ciia khach hang va phu hop vdi cac cbl dinh, dflng thdi ciing la co sd d l danh gia khd nang ciia mflt Tfl chuc ttong boat dgng nham tri va khflng ngiing cai tiln, nang cao hilu lyc va hilu qua hoat dpng Nguyin tdc co ban viec dam bao chat Journal of Science and Technology 85 ISSN: 2354-0575 luang theo tilu chudn TCVN ISO 9001-2008 dfl la: Tfl chuc phdi sdy dung, lap van ban, thuc hiln, tri he thong quan ly chat lugng va cai tien liln tuc hilu lire ciia he thflng theo cac yeu cau cua tilu chuan - Hudng tdi sy thfla man cdc yeu cdu va mong dpi ciia khdch hang (vdi boat dgng dao tao Cila nha truflng la sinh vien va nhu cau xa hfli vl ngufln lyc qua dao tao) ca hien tai va tuong lai; - Vai ttfl ciia Idnh dao ttong viec dl chinh sach chdt lugng, xac dinh myc dich, bien phap, chi ddn vd tao moi trudng lam viec thuan lgi de cho mgi ngudi cfl thi tham gia mflt each day du nhat thuc hiln nhiing muc tilu cua Tfl chuc; - Sy tham gia ddy du ciia mpi nguoi ttong Tfl chuc vi Igi ich chung; - Tiep can theo qua trinh, kilm soat qua trinh (xac dinh ddu vao, dau ra, cac budc chuyen doi) nhdm dat hilu qua cao; - Tiip can he thdng ttong quan ly, dam bdo cac qua trinh lien quan van hanh ddng bg, an khop vol nhau; - Cat tiin liln tuc, dam bdo boat dgng cua Tfl chuc cang co hieu luc va hieu qua cao ban thflng qua ddnh gid chat lugng ngi bp, phan tich sfl heu, khac phyc sai loi, phflng ngua sai Ifli va xem xet cua lanh dao; - Cac quyet dinh phai dya ttln co sd phan tich day du cac thong tin va sfl lieu thuc t l ; - Dam bao lgi ich hgp ly giua Tfl chuc voi cac bin cung cap tao gia trj cua boat dflng Cdc tai lieu duac lap van ban cua H I thflng quan ly chat lupng ttong doanh nghiip, co quan hanh chinh, v l nguyin tac, gflm 04 muc (hay tang) sau ddy: Mirc T Sfl lay chat lupng (bao gflm Chinh sach va myc tilu chat lupng) Mirc 2: Cac qui trinh, thii ttic Mue 3: Cac hudng ddn cdng vile (di thyc hiln cac Quy trinh, thu tyc) Mue 4: Cac tai lieu ho ttg (gflm nhiing Biiu mau, cac tai lieu tham khao, hfl so,,., d i thuc hien cac Qui trinh, thu tuc, huflng ddn cflng vile) Trong nghiin cuu nay, gioi han v i thdi gian va kinh phi, tac gia chi tiin hanh xay dyng he thflng Sfl tay chdt lugng (Muc I), Quy trinh cong vile (Muc 2) va Mau biiu kem theo (Muc 4) d i dam bao muc tilu chdt lupng d l tai khoa Kinh ti Kit qua khdo sat cho thay, chi cfl ttong tong so 13 CBGV dugc bfli (chiim 23%) biit ve Sii mang vd Myc tilu cua khoa Kinh t i Tren thuc te khoa dd xdy dung Chiin luge phat triin giai doan 20102015 ttong hgi thdo xay dung chien luge phat tnen khoa Kinh t i Nha trudng va khoa Kmh te thyc hi|n tu ddu ndm 2009 [8] Tuy nhiln, sau hgi thdo kit thiic, chiin luge phat trien dugc dinh hinh nhung viec tuyin truyin va phfl biln den CBGV, HSSV va cac DN la rdt han chi Vdi HSSV, chi mot sfl rdt it (2 tren tdng sd 40 SV dugc hdi) cfl nhd sa qua vl nfli dung qua mgt vai ldn sinh boat chinh tri ddu khfla Lanh dao Khoa, Bp mfln gioi thiiu Con vdi cac DN ttln dia ban (Khu cong nghiep Phfl Nfli), khflng mpt DN nao ttong so 31 DN dugc khao sat biit din nfli dung dugc hfli Kit qua khao sat cung cho thay, co d i n 70% CBGV khflng cfl Sfl tay giao viin tai lieu ca nhan ciia minh Mat khac, ttong sfl CBGV cfl Sfl tay giao viin, cfl d i n % chua bao gid su dyng hoac hilm sir dyng, Nguyin nhan chinh la tai lilu cham cap nhat cac van bdn quy dinh ciia Nha truflng va khong c6 nhieu mau bilu can thiet cho cflng viec Do do, d l thyc hiln nhiem vy ciia minh, CBGV da sfl (85%) bfli ban be va dflng nghiip ma rat it {15%) ngudi nghiin cdu cac van ban mdi ciia Nha truong Nguyin nhan chii y i u la vile tim kilm va sir dyng cac van ban tai Khoa rat kho khan (luu trii khdng khoa hgc, khflng cfl hoac da mat van ban, tdi lieu can thilt ) Chinh vi vJiy, mdt sfl CBGV bay mdc Ifli ttong qua trinh thyc hien cflng vile {chudn bi hd sa gidng dgy chua tdt, sai mdu biiu vdn bdn, dan tir, sai bdng diim hodc eham th&i gian quy dinh, quen hodc ehgm lich thi, lieh dgy, lich hpp quen nhiem vu dugc giao, chua biet edch xir ly cdng viec phdt sinh, bi ddng thue hiin nhiim vu ldm vipc theo thdt quen hodc rdp khudn theo ddng nghidp ) cflng tac lim trii vdn ban va h i sa nghiep vu tai khoa chua tflt, tinh trang vi pham quy chi cua HSSV cfln kha cao, (Kit luan tta hoat dgng dao tao va thong k l cua phong TT-CTSV hang nam) 3.5 Thuc trang hoat dgng qudn ly chat lugng giao due va thuc hien d n g viec tai khoa Kinh te Dua vao cdc phieu dilu tra khao sat vdi CBGV, HSSV va cac DN tten dia ban, tac gid nhdn thay mgt thyc ttang dang quan tam v l hoat dflng quan ly vd thuc hien cong viec tai khoa Kinh t l 86 Khoa hoc & Cong nghe - So 3/2014 Nhung thyc ttang cho thdy boat dgng quan ly cflng v i | c tai khoa Kinh t i vdn nhiiu ban chi Mot phdn la CBGV cfln tte, thiiu kinh nghiim, mflt phdn la viec kiim soat cflng vile chua tflt va khoa chua co nhirng quy dinh cu thi ve tilu chudn chdt lugng ciing nhu hudng dan thuc hiln cong viec nham dam bao chdt lugng cone viec ttong khoa Trudc thyc ttang nay, tac gia di sdu vdo vile thiit k i cdng vige vd de xuat phuong an xay dune Sd tay chat lugng cbo khoa Kinh t l Tir dfl, dai h • mpi CBGV, HSSV cfl the ty thyc hiln chinh ^ac cac yeu cau cong vile nhdm quan \