DAO TAO ki NANG HOC TiiiP cdA SINH VIEN LUAT TRONG DAO TAO THEO HOC CHE TIN CHi I I I I I Nghi quygt so 14/2005/NQ CP vg doi mdi CO bdn va todn dien giao dye dai hoc Viet Nam giai doan 2006 2020 da eh[.]
DAO TAO ki NANG HOC Tii P cdA SINH VIEN LUAT TRONG DAO TAO THEO HOC CHE TIN CHi I I I I I TS BUI KIM CHI * N ghi quygt so 14/2005/NQ-CP vg doi mdi CO bdn va todn dien giao dye dai hoc Viet Nam giai doan 2006 - 2020 da ehi rang: "Muc lieu chung lu doi mdi ca hun vd loan dien giao due dgi hue tgu dugc chuyen hien ca hun ve chul lugng, hieu quu vu quy mu, ddp icng yeu euu cua sir nghiep cung nghiep hud hien dui huu dut nudc, hui nhup kinh le quuc le " Dg dat dugc myc tigu dd, hang loat cac gidi phdp vd nhiem vy cu thg da dugc dat cho cdc Irudng dai hpc Viet Nam Mpt nhung npi dung quan trpng la: "Doi mdi npi dung duo tgu gun ket chul che vdi thuc lien nghien ciru khou hue phul trien cong nghe vu nghe nghiep Irung xu hui Trien khui doi mdi ddu luu iheu lieu chi: Irung hi cuch hue, phul huy linh chu dung cuu ngirdi hue: su dung cung nghe thong lin vu truyen thong hogt dpng dgy vu hue " Van dg dat Id ehiing ta trang bi each hpc va phat huy tinh tich eye cua ngudi hpc nliu thg ndo? Lam thg nao cd dg xdy dyng cho sinli vign kT nang hpc tap ttr phdt huy tinh dpc lap, chil dpng ctia hp thdng qua hoiit dpng hpc tap'.^ Hpc tap Id hinh thirc boat dpng nhan thirc ciia cd nhdn nham nam vtrng tri thirc, kT nang, thdi dp chinh ngirdi hpc tign hanh Ngudi hpc ty lap kg hoach, ty lua chpn npi dung ddi tugng vd ty kigm tra danh gia kgt qua Ddi vdi sinh vign dai hpc, van dg ren luyen kT nang hpc tap la rdt quan trpng nhat TAP CHI LUAT HOC SO 7/2010 la digu kien chuyen tir dao Uio theo nign chg siing dao lao theo hpc chg tin chi Hpc tap theo hpc chg tin chi doi hoi sinh vien lam viec dpc lap, hoan loan chu dpng to chirc qua trinh hpc tiip eua minh Do la su bien qua trinh dao tao qua trinh ty ddo lao cua moi sinh vign Hpc tap la boat dpng phirc lap bao gom nhigu hdnh dpng tirng hanh dpng phan eac thao lac, moi thao lac doi hoi mpt kT nang cy thg Do CO riil nhigu kT niing cu thg boat diing hpc tap nhung cd thg chia nhdm: * Nhdm cac kT nang djnh hudng hpc lap doi hoi sinh vign phai biet xay dirng dimg va nhanh cac muc dich hpc tiip ngan ban va ddi ban; chung va cu thg cho tirng bai hpc va mon hpc KT nang bao gom cac kT nang xac dinh ban dau cho qua trinh hpc tap; hpc edi gi, thdi gian bao lau, hpc nhu thg nao, se dat dgn dau vd sau hpc xong cd thg lam dugc vice gi * Nhdm cac kT nang thigt kg (lap kg hoach) bao gom cae kT nang xay dyng kg hoach cho qua trinh hpc tap, phan chia giai doan qua trinh hpc tap, xac dinh myc dich, cdeh thiic hpc tirng giai doan Hay noi each khac sinh vign phdi bigt tu xac dinh trinh dp ban dau ciia ban than dg xay Giiing vien chinh Khoa luat hinh su Trudng Dai hoc Luiil Ha Ndi 55 DAO TAO dyng kg hoach hpc tap cy thg; xde dinh ndi dung bpe tap ldn lugt Id ede van dg gi, thdi gian bao lau; sir dyng ede phuong lien hpc tap gi; lya chpn cae phirong phdp hoc tap ndo cho phti hgp vdi muc dich, ndi dung hpc tap ciia tii'ng mdn bpe cung nbu ciia todn bp chuong trinh * Nhom cac kT nang thyc hien kg hoach bao gom cac kT nang bao ddm viec thyc hien kg hoach da dg ra, dd ed ea kT nang digu chinh eo "su cd" xay Dg thyc hien kg hoiich sinh vign eo thg sir dung cdc phuang phap hpc tap nhu hpc tirng budc theo cae quy trinh nhat dinh, hpc triing trpng tam ctia van dg, hpc nhanh, hpc bang each kgt hgp nhigu phuang phdp khde * Nhdm cdc kT nang kigm tra, ddnh gid bao gdm kT nang ty kigm tra, ddnh gid qud trinh hoc tap, qua trinh thyc hien kg hoach Clia ngudi hpc Ddy la kT nang rat co bdn vd quan trpng de sinh vien ed thg tir hinh nhting mdi lign he ngugc bgn Tir ty nhdn xet nhtrng uu, nhugc digm ciia minh qud trinh hpc tap, dac biet la vg phirong phdp hpc tap Trong nhdm kT nang trgn tbi nhdm cdc kT nang dinh hirdng Id co sd cho nhdm cac kT nang thigt kg Nhdm cdc kT nang thigt kg se thg hien cdc kT nang dinh hudng Hai nhdm kT nang sau giiip cho ngudi hpc bign cac kg hoach, cdc dy dinh hien thyc Hai nhdm cdc kT nang dinh hudng vd cdc kT nang thigt kg tdt bao nhieu md hai nhdm kT nang sau ygu thi ngudi hpc cung khd dat kgt qua tot Ddng thdi nhdm cdc kT nang kigm tra ddnh gia cdn giiip cho ngudi hpc chinh xde hod kg hoach, kip thdi digu chinh kg hoach 56 khdng di chech hudng qua trinh hpc tap Nhu vdy nhdm kT nang ndy cd quan he chat che vdi tao thdnh thg thdng nhat vd dgu chiu dnh hudng lan Sau day la mdt sd kT nang cu thg; - KT nang lap kg boacb bpe tap: Ddy Id kT nang ddu lign vd cd y nghTa quan trpng can dugc hinh thdnh o sinh vign qud trinh hinh kT nang ty hoc Dg tim higu kT nang ndy chiing tdi da phdng van tryc tigp sinh vign gid thao luan eung nhu gid tu vdn Khi dugc hoi vg kT nang ndy cd sinh vign cho rang "'Co thai khoa bigu vd lich hpc rdi thi can gi phai lap kg hoach hpc tap ntra" Digu chirng td cac em khdng bigu lap ke hoach Id gi, ngn khdng bigt lap kg hoach thdng cung nhu kg hoach ca nam hpc Nguygn nhan cd thg cdc em chua dinb hudng dugc qud trinh hpc tap, chua xde dinh dugc nhiem vu hge tap, cting cd thg cac em chua tich cue hpc tap Viec lap kg hoach hpc tap ciia sinh vign phai can cir trgn kg hoach hge tap hpc ki va lich trinh ciia lirng mdn hpc dg xdy dyng kg hoach hpc tap cd nhan Viec xdy dyng kg hoach hoc tap ciia sinh vign cd thg bao gdm mpt sd budc sau: + Xac dinli nhiem vy hpc tap theo yeu cau ciia tirng hpc ki, ttmg mdn bgc +Xac dinh quy thdi gian tu bgc eho cdc mdn can cir vdo lich trinh chung ciia mdn bpe trgn CO sd dg cuong mdn hpc •• + Xde dinb khung thdi gian quy dinb dg hodn thdnh nhiem vy cua ttmg mdn hpc theo lich trinh ciia mdn hoc dd - KT nang xde dinb cdc bien phdp de hoan thdnh nhirng nhiem vy cy the (tai lieu, phuong tien, cdeh thirc khai thdc thdng tin ): TAP CHi LUAT HOC SO 7/2010 OAO TAO Chang ban, ddi vdi mdn tdm li hpc dai cuong, sinh vign can cir vdo lich trinh chung ciia mdn hpc dign tuan dg lap kg hoach hpc tap mdn hpc dd tuan thir 2, hodn thdnh bdi lap nhdm thdng 1,2; tuan thir hodn bdi tap ldn hpc ki Ttr lap kg hoach ty hpc, tim hieu tdi lieu tham khdo d thu vien nhu thg ndo cho phti hgp Kg hoach tu bgc cho cdc mdn hpc mdt hpc ki phdi cd sy phdi hgp vdi mpt each hgp li dg tranh nham chan bay tdc ddng ciia quy luat ire chg tri nhd Lap kg hoach hpc tap cung can nhung chua du, quan trpng ban la phdi thyc hien dugc kg hoach Dg cd thg thyc hien kg hoach sinh vign phdi cd cdc kT nang nbu kT ndng chuan bi bdi mdi, kT nang ghi chep bai trgn ldp, kT nang dpc tdi lieu tham khdo - KT nang chuan bi bai mdi ddi hdi sinh vign phdi bigt dpc gido trinb trudc nghe gidng bdi mdi, bigt xac dinh npi dung co bdn ciia bdi mdi, bigt danh dau chd chua higu, bigt dat cau hdi thac mac, bigt dpc vd di sau vdo phdn minh himg thu Khi gidng gid li tbuygt chiing tdi bdi mpt sd sinh vign vg nhiing kign thirc thupc npi dung myc tigu bae (phan ygu cdu sinh vign ty dpc vd nam bat dugc thdng qua viec ty hpc d nhd), cho thdy cdc em cdn lung timg chua xde dinb dugc kign thirc co ban Chang han, Chuong mdn tam li hpc, myc tigu bac ehiing tdi ygu cdu sinh vien nhan dien vd ngu dugc each phdn loai hien tugng tam li Digu ddi bdi qua trinb ty bgc sinh vign phdi phan biet duge hien tugng tam li vdi mdt sd hien lugng khde xa hpi, nam dugc can cir dg phan loai TAP CHi LUAT HOC S O 7/2010 cdc hien tupng tam li Qua kigm tra trgn ldp cbiing tdi thay c6 mpt sd sinh vign chua nam bat dugc npi dung - KT nang ghi chep bdi trgn ldp ddi hdi sinh vign biet lua chpn, sap xgp thdng tin thu dugc; bigt ghi chep rd rdng, cd he thdng; bigt chinh li bd sung bai ghi; bigt diing ki hieu rigng dg ghi nhanh Khi dugc hdi vg kT nang mpt sd sinh vign cho bigt cac em cdn lung tiing chua xay dyng dugc kT nang boat dpng trgn Icip, cdc em cdn ghi bdi dan trdi tat cd nhiing npi dung gido vign giang trgn ldp, chua bigt tdm luge theo y rigng ciia bdn than - KT nang dpc sdch, tai lieu tham khao la kT nang quan trpng, nhat la digu kien dao tao theo hpc chg tin chi KT nang tbg hien d viec sinh vign bigt chi ndi dung chinh ciia tai lieu; bigt lya chpn tai lieu cdn cho bai hpc; bigt ghi chep nhtrng npi dung quan trpng dpc tai lieu tham khdo Viec hinh kT nang cd thg bao gom cdc budc sau: + Dpc ludt cd be thdng todn bp giao trinh, sach tham khdo dg sinh vien higu dugc cau triic ciia nd (bang cdeh xem trang ddu vd phan gidi thieu ngu cd, dpc myc lye, dpc ldi gidi thieu ciia nha xuat bdn ) + Dpc nhanh gido trinh, sach tham khdo mpt each tich cue (dg sinh vign trd Idi dugc cau bdi nhu tdng quan gido trinh, sdch tham khdo ndi vg digu gi? Nhung gi dugc dg cap chi tigt vd dg cap nhu thg nao? Y nghTa ciia no?) + Dpc kT ludng, dpc toan bp dg tim xem giao trinh, sdch tham khao ndi vg van dg gi Sau sinh vien cd tbg; Phan loai gido trinh, sdch tham khdp theo thg loai vd chii dg 57 BAO TAO Dign dat ndi dung chinh cua loan bp gido trinii, sach thiim kliao miit each ngan gpn nhat Phan tich cae ttr khod Niim bai nhirng nhiin dinh chii chdt ciia tdc gia trgn ea so xem xet nhtrng cau quan trpng nbat Xiic dinh liip luan ciia tdc gid bang cdeh tim chting hoac xay dyng lap luan ttr cdc chudi eau - KT nang ty kigm tra, ddnh gid qud trinh hpc liip Trong qua trinh hpc tap sinh vign bigt xiiy dimg kg hoach va thuc hien nd la digu quan trpng Mat klidc nidi sinh vign can phai bigt kigm tra ddnh gid kgt qua ty hpc ciia minli dg ttr dd hp CO thg ty digu chinb boat ddng hpc tap etia minh dg cdng dat kgt qud cao KT nang co thg cd cac budc sau: + Giao vign giao cho sinh vign cae loai bai tap hoac cac eau hoi linh hudng ygu cau sinh vign chuan bi + Giiio vign hudng dan sinh vign cdc hinh ihti'c danh gia, tigu chi va thang ddnh gia eua ttmg loai cau hoi hay bai tap + Sinh \ign ty kigm tra, danh gid theo theo ttmg npi dung va thang ddnh gid da dupe xac dinh + Sinh \'ign lir digu ehmh, bd sung cdc n()i dung kign thirc sau ty kiem tra, ddnh gid Dg cd thg binh thdnh nliung kT nang trgn, theo chiing toi, miit mat phdi cd bien phdp nang cao tinh tich cyc hpc tap ciia sinh vign, mat khac phdi td chirc trang bi kT nang hpc tiip cho sinh vign phii hgp vdi qua trinh ddo lao mdi Khdng the dg sinh vign ty thich irng vdi ygu cau dao tao mdi md phdi ed tac dcing tich cyc tao digu kien cho sinh vign chu dpng, lieh eye ren luyen cae kT nang hpc tap 58 Tir viee phdn tich trgn cbiing tdi dg xudt ni()t sd bien phap ndng cao tinb tich cyc, chii dpng, sdng lao hpc tap ciia sinh vign dap irng ygu cau ddo tao theo hpc chg tin chi: Thic nhdi, nhd trucmg can lao mdi trudng hpc tap cho sinh vign nbu tang cudng co sd vdt chdt (tang sd lugng sdch tham khdo bat bu(3c vd ty chgn tai thu vien; md rdng thu vien dg tang sd lugng chd ngdi cho sinh vign) Nba trudng can cd cdc bien phdp htru hieu trang bi cho sinh vign cdc kT nang hpc tap theo ygu cdu cua ddi mdi qud trinh dao tao Thic hui, gidng vign la cbii the td chirc, digu khign, hudng dan qud trinb day hpc pbdi cdi tien khdng ngiing phuong phdp day hpc, ttr dd gitip cho sinh vign cdi tign phuong phdp hpc Albert Einstein da tirng ndi rang tdi khdng bao gid day hpc trd eua minh, tdi ehi CO gang tao digu kien dg hp hpc hdi Giang vign cd thg cd nhtrng bien phdp cy thg nhu: - Kgt hgp hdi boa va sang tao cdc phuong phdp day hpc khac mdt each hieu qud dg ldm tich cyc hod boat dpng hpc tap ciia sinh vign; chdng su nhdm chan vd tao sy nang diing each nghT, edch lam cua sinh vign - Phat trign kha nang ty hpc, tu nghign ciru cua sinh vign - ddy Id nang luc rat quan trpng cho sy thdnh dat ciia mdi cd nhan Chang ban gidng vign budng dan cho sinh vign kT ndng phdt hien vd gidi quygt vdn dg; edch ghi nhd, tam thg san sang chap nhan, tim each vugt qua thir thdeh; cdeh tra ciru tbdng tin trgn mang; each phdn tieh vd bigu tbdng tin; edch quan sdt cac bien tugng xung quanh - Tang cudng kT nang thyc bdnb: Muc dich cua qua trinh day hpc la tao nang lye thyc tign cho ngudi hpc Vi vay gidng vign TAP CHi LUAT HOC SO 7/2010 BAO TAO phdi tao digu kien cho sinh vign dugc trdi nghiem va dugc hpc qua tinh hudng thyc tign cupc song; sinh vign dugc thyc hdnh, trao ddi, phdi hgp, hgp tdc nhdm; dugc ren luyen cdc kT nang nhu kT nang dat cdu hoi, kT nang tbuygt trinh, kT nang vigt vd cac kT nang sdng khac Thic bu sinh vign can tich cyc hpc tap, tim tdi vd ren luyen cdc phuong phdp hpc tap phii hgp vdi mdn hpc va bac hpc dai hpc Trong dd sinh vign can chii trpng dgn cac kT nang nhu: KT nang lap kg hoach hpc tap, kT nang chudn bi bai mdi, kT nang ghi chep bai trgn ldp, kT nang dpc tai lieu tham khdo, kT nang ty kigm tra, ddnh gid qud trinh hpc tap, thyc hien kg hoach bpe tap cua ban than vdi cdc budc cy thg nhu da ngu d phan trgn Sinh vign can tich cyc, chii dpng xay dung cho minh phuong phdp hpc tap phti hgp dd khdng chi hpc theo kigu ghi nhd mdy mdc lai lieu ma phdi higu day dii, sau sac y nghTa cua niii dung vdn dg cung nhu moi quan he giua cac sy kien, khai niem, quy tac, quy luat Ttr van dyng vao gidi quygt nhung van dg md thyc tign cupc sdng vd nghg nghiep dat cho bdn than Sinh vign phdi bigt hpc cdeh hpc ma theo Dupont vd Ossandon da trinh bdy: Hpc quan sdt, hpc nam thdng tin, hpc edch long hgp van dg, bgc each khai qudt hod , hpc phdn dodn Hoac dya vdo nhLi:ng nguyen li dg riit nhtrng be qua: Hpc thdng bdo, hpc quygt dinb vd bdnb ddng, hpc phdn dodn vd ddnh gid, digu chinh mpt hanh dpng hay mpt phuong phdp Sinh vign cdn lich cyc tham gia cac ldp dao tao cdc kT nang co bdn nhu kT nang hpc tap, kT nang tu duy, kT nang sdng./ TAP CHi LUAT H O C S O 7/2010 BAN VE QUY DINH CUA LUAT SO HlTU TRI TUE VIET NAM (liip iheo trung 45) td chirc phdt sdng, vi vay hau nhu gitra ngudi sir dyng va chii thg quygn khong ed thoa thuan; hoac ngu hp cd thod thuan nhung khdng thong nhat dugc y chi vg mirc tign phai tra thi se "thyc hien theo quy dinh ciia Chinh phu" hoac theo quygl dinh ciia toa an Van dg la hien la Chinh phii chua co quy dinh vg bigu gid tign nhuan bill, thii lao phai trd nhtrng trudng hgp nay; ngu co khdi kien tod an thi toa an cting khong co bigu gid dg ldm can cir giai quygl Theo chiing tdi, viec xay dirng bieu gid tign nhuan but, thii lao ngn giao cho bp chuygn trach Id Bp van hod, thg thao va du lich thay vi Cbinh phii nhu quy dinh hien Dg xdy dung bigu gid nay, Bp van hod, thg thao va du lich c6 thg lap miit hpi ddng tu van gdm cdc bp lign quan (nhu Bp tu phap, B(i lai chinh ); dai dien cac to chire quan li tap thg quygn ldc gia, quygn lign quan; dai dien ngudi su dyng Mirc phi se dugc xde dinh can cir vao thg loai, hinh thirc, chdt lugng, sd lugng, tan suat sir dyng tdc pham hay ddi tupng ciia quygn lign quan Bigu gid duoc phg duyet se la can cir dg tinh miic nhudn biit, thit lao doi vdi nhtrng chii thg sir dyng tdc pham, ddi tugng cua quygn lign quan Bgn sir dyng vd chu thg quygn tdc gid, quygn lign quan cd thg thod thudn vg mirc nhudn biit, thii lao theo bigu gia da dugc CO quan nha nudc cd tham quygn phg duyet Trirdng hgp khdng cd thod thudn hoac cd tranh chap vg mirc nhuan biit, thti lao thi bigu gid se la can cir dg toa dn hoac ca quan cd tham quygn gidi quygl./ 59 ... thang ddnh gia eua ttmg loai cau hoi hay bai tap + Sinh \ign ty kigm tra, danh gid theo theo ttmg npi dung va thang ddnh gid da dupe xac dinh + Sinh ''ign lir digu ehmh, bd sung cdc n()i dung kign... ty kigm tra, ddnh gid qud trinh hpc liip Trong qua trinh hpc tap sinh vign bigt xiiy dimg kg hoach va thuc hien nd la digu quan trpng Mat klidc nidi sinh vign can phai bigt kigm tra ddnh gid... co thg cd cac budc sau: + Giao vign giao cho sinh vign cae loai bai tap hoac cac eau hoi linh hudng ygu cau sinh vign chuan bi + Giiio vign hudng dan sinh vign cdc hinh ihti''c danh gia, tigu chi