THirC TRANG DAY HOC THEO HlTClNG PHAT TRIEN l i NlNG HDC TAP HOP TUC D TRHDNG OAI HHC SU PHAM I Day hpc (DH)theo hudng phat trien kinang hpc tap hop tac (KNHTHT) l i qui trinh trong dd dudi tic ddng e[.]
THirC TRANG DAY HOC THEO HlTClNG PHAT TRIEN l i NlNG HDC TAP HOP TUC D TRHDNG OAI HHC SU PHAM ThS NGUYEN THI THANH* I.Day hpc (DH)theo hudng phat trien kinang hpc tap hop tac (KNHTHT) l i qui trinh dd dudi tic ddng ehu dao (td' elide, cd vi'n, ttiam gia, kilm tra, dinh gii (OG), ) eua ngudi day, ngudi hpc dupe chia nhung nhdm nho tu giac, tich cue eung tid'n hanh cic hinh ddng hpc tip hop tie (HTHT) dihoin thinh nhipm vy hpc tap (HT), nhim dpt myc tidu kep vda phit trid'n tri ttidc, thii dp, kTning (KN) khoa hpe; vda phit trie'n cic KNHTHT DHttieohudng phit trien KNHTHTdua mdi quan h^glao luu, hqp tie gida sinh vidn (SV)-SV vao tmng tim qua trinh DH khie phyc nhiing did'm ylu m i DH tmyln thd'ng chua quan tim duac Tddd, xiy dyng cac tuang tie boat dpng da phuang giua ttily - Uo; giiia SV-SV, lam eho qui trinh DH gin vdi qua trinh ncjhidn edu khoa hpc SV ty t p tdl, khim pha tri ttidc bing cich thao luin trao doi, chia nhidm vu, trich nhipm, nuongta£ivio nhau, hdtrpnhau, day lln dd giang vidn (G V) l i ngudi thiet ke, kich ttiich ddng CO, hd trp, cd vi'n va OG Viy ndn, videtimbieu thuc trpng DH theo hudng phit trie'n KNHTHT eho SV dai hpe su pham (OHSP) chinh l i CO sattiyctien cd gii trj vipc tim kid'm nhiJng bipn phip huu hi$u ning eao hi$u qua ciia phuong ttiuc DH niy.^ Bang la Mile dp Ipa chpn TT ss % MMC tidu xac dmh t>$C lutfn/, SV hidu, nhd vd tdl hidn dupc kidn thiiv: 188 100 Phdt tridn d SV tu dpc Idp, sdng tao 188 100 Rdn SV nhOng KN tuong iJng vpi npi 174 92,55 dunq dd hpc Hlnh thdnh d SV tinh cdm nghd nghidp 152 80,86 Phdt trid'n SV KN HTHT 64 34,04 S Bang lb Myc tidu I.SV hidu, nhpvd tdl hidn dupc kidn thu'c Phdt tridn d SV tu ddc ldp, sdng tao Rdn SV nhang KN tuong i>ng vdi ndi dung dd hpc Hinh thdnh d SV tlnh cdm nghd nghidp Phdt tridn SV KNHTHT Mile dp OH dat dupc GV SV SL(%) TB SL(%) TB 531 (98,70) 188(100) 142 (75,53) 425 (78,99) 96(51,06) 258 (47.95) 135(71,81) 366 (68,03) 65 (34.57) S 157(29,18) o l kid'm djnh kit qua thu dupe d bing la, chung tdi ed dit ciu hdi dilu tra, kit qua thu 6aqc bing lb eho thi'y GVviSVDG tuang ddi thd'ng nhit, dlu cho ring; S I' hieu, nhd vi tii hien duge kidn thde l i mue tidu dat dupc DH xep ttid nhat; Phittrien d SV tuduy doe lip, singXao xep thd2; Hinh Mnh a SV tinh cim nghe nghigp xlp thu 3; Ren SV nhQng KN tuang dng vdi ngi dung da hge xlp ttiu 4; Phit friwj crS//CWWr/yrxlpttid5.Ket quattiuduocdeic bang trdn eho thay, vide xic djnh myc tidu DH ban dlu phu h(7p vdi kit quadatduocmuctidukhi kit ttiuc mdn hqc Cd t h i khing djnh, hau hit cac GV OHSP dlu xic djnh DH dat dupe myctidunhin ttiuc v i phat trid'n d SV tu ddc lip, sing tao cua SV la quan v i quan tim nhilu nhi't va cac myc tidu dat ducxphuhqpvdimuc tieu xac djnh ban dau.KNHTHT Clia SV it dupc chu trpng, quan tim mic du dieu tta eho thi'y hp nhin thi'y phit trid'n KNHTHT mang lai Thuc trang DH theo hudrng phat trien KNHTHT (irBHSP Oe tim hid'u thuc trang DH theo hudng phit trid'n KNHTHT cho SV OHSP, chung tdl d i quan sat 32 gidday, phdng vi'n siu va dilu tra bing bang hdittdn 188 GV v i 538 SV cic tn/dng; OHSP (OH Thai Nguydn); OH Hdng Ode; OH Vinh v i OHSP TP Ho Chi Minh (nim hpe 2011-2012) Kit qua nhu sau; 1) Thuc trang vi'xac djnh muc tieu thieikebai d^y Clia G V day hgc hgp tac (DHHT) nhdm (xem bing la, b) Sd'li^u a bang la eho thi'y, cie G V ttiilt kd'bai day quan tim nhilu nhi't tdi dat dupe myc tidu nhin ttidc: /?»(/; nhd; tii hign kidn thde; ren KN tuang dng vdln&dung dihgc Phit trien KN giao kAJ KNHTHT chua dupe eae GV xic djnh myc tidu se dat dupc eua DH (chi cd 34,04% GV cho ring dat duoc) ' Kkoa Tim li • Giao d|ic, Tnriiii{ Bai hoc Noi{ Mc (kil-1/2013) Tap chi Gide due so 301 29 rat nhieu kA ich Cich k/a ehpn myctiducua GV vin hau hit eae ttuaig OHSP ngiy sddyng DH ttieo phu hpp vdi vide xic djnh myc tieu ciia phuang thuc be ttidng tin ehi, sd gkii thao lupn, seminar d i ting DH tmyln ttidng nhung viee cap nhit, dng dyng cic kTthuit DH nhdm 2) Thuc trang viec sudung cac ki thuit DHHT tich cyc chua dupe G V quan tim sddyng Oiy cung cua 6Kcicfrvdn9£>//5P.Detim hid'u vidcDH ttieo la nhung gpiycho cic vide tim kilm cie bidn phip tic hudng phitttie'n KNHTHT cua GV OHSP, chiing tdi ddng nhim ning cao hidu qua DH theo hudng phat dua eac hinh thde eua kT thuit DHHT (Lip rap trid'n KNHTHT (J^saw); Suy nghT- lim vide theo cap - chia se; Phong 3) Thuctrang vUc sudung cac phuang phap vi'n ba budc; Ba phut tdm tit; Cpng nio; Oinh so; day hgc (PPDH) cua GV Nhdm khim phi; Khan trai bin; bl; XYZ; Beei) Bing2 SOdMTtg eie chuydn gia (nhu; Robert E.SIavIn; David PtxnngpMpDH RMtMOngxuyAn rhuAnoxuvAn 061 kN KMnobMoiA W.Johnson vaT.Johnson; Elliot Aronson; Spencer TB TB SL(%) SLCSt) TR TB Trvcquan 67 135.64} 63(44,15) 38(20.21) S S Kagan ) nghidn curu va ttiyc nghidm v l DHHT Mdi Z Vtn dio t40 {74.47) 48 (25,53) S S a.NAuvXncU 44 (23.40) 107(56.91) 37(19,68) kT thuit dlu cd chien lucre nhat djnh hudng din cho Thuv4n Irtnh S5 (29.26) 114(60,64) 19(10,11) S D«v hoc dv 4n e 26(13,83) 65 (34,57) 97(51.59) GV thuc hinh nhim giup HS nim vung KNHTHT, 65 Thio lutn nhAm 4S (23.94} 107(56.91) 36(19,15) G 7 SAmvn 24(12.77) S7 (30.32) 107(58,91) Iinh hdi kiln ttidc v i phit trid'n tu bac cao Tlnhhufing 63(35,51) 98(52.131 27 (14,36) e 14 (7.45) 93 (49.47) 81143.06) Ket qua ttiu dupe eho thay; Hau hit eie GV d O.HPDddoo tnrdngOHSP rit it sddyng cic kT thuit DHHT PPDH la cich thde hoat ddng eua thiy - trd qui trinh DH theo nhdm (Rat Mdngxuyen=5,62%; q u i trinh DH, l i nhin to co ban quylt djnh Thudngxuyen= 10,44%) Trong dd, GV sddyng cic mdi quan he tuang tie giua SV-SV Kit qua nghien kT thupt DHHT dcic mdc dp khdng dlu nhau, eie kT edu thu dupe d bing cho thi'y hlu hit cic GV thuit dupe OG l i si/dyng thudng xuydn nhi't l i ; Hinh dlu si dyng da dang cic PPDH qua trinh thde edng nao; Hinh thde lap rap (Jigsaw); Khin trii giang day Trong dd, phuang phip (PP) dupe sd bin; Dinh sdi Tuy nhidn, eung lihdng cd kT thuat nao dyng nhilu nhi't PP vi'n dipxep thd 1, Myet trinh mdc dp ratthudng xuyen vi Mdng xuyen dugcDG xdp thd2; thio luin nhdm xep thd 3; Neu vi'n de vugtqui5Q% sudung(t\\\m nhat la hinh thuc cdng xdp thu Nhu vay, cd the nhin thi'y cic PP ma nio\a 20,21 % + 26,06% = 46,27% sddung) Ngupc GV sd dyng thudng xuydn nhi't v i n la nhdng PP lal mdc dpOG la khdng bao gid sddung eie kT thuit truyin thd'ng Hinh thde DH theo nhdm cdng dupe DHHT da sddeu> 50% GV khdng sddi/ng bao gid, GV quan t i m su dyng thudng xuydn, song cliii ed nhihig kT thuat 100% GV dlu tra Idl ehua bao gid ye'u liGVsddyng PP thio luin nhdm.CacPPikh sd dyng nhu; Hinh thde phong vi'n ba bud^ vi ba cue ed thd' mang iai mdi quan he phu thupc tich phdt tdm tit cyc gida SV-SV nhu PP duan; nghien cdu tinh Kit qua quan sat cae tilt hpe eung eho thi'y; Chi hudng; hgp ddng; sim vaith] it dupe G V sddyng ed 7/32 tilt dugkir (4 tilt va 3tiet lien budi PPrftra'/icd tdi 5/,4P% ehua bao gid sddyng/sim thao luan) eddung kT thuit DHHT l i kithuitddm sd vai CO tdi 56,91% GV chua bao gid sd dung; PP mic dd chua hoin toin dung vi khoa hgc So tilt du hgp ddngco 43,06% GV chua bao gid sddung gkir cdn lai ehottiayhau hit eie tilt hpe 6\sqc G V chia Kit qua ttiu dupe tu phid'u quan sat 32 tilt hpc nhdm ngiu nhidn theo td' hoac theo ban va d'n djnh nhdm cua cic GV cie phin mdn khic cung cae gkirhpc Vide phin chia nhldm vy cho nhdm cho thi'y 25/32 tiet GV sddyng PP thao luin nhdm cungttieoy tudng canhan ma khdng tuin thii theo kT thuan tuy, khdng cd k l sach cho chia nhdm, khdng ttiuit nao Nhilu GV dupe phdng vi'n cdn ehua su dyng cic kT thuit va eae PPDH tich cue Chi cd biet tdn eie kT ttiuit DHHT 7/32 tiltGV cd sudung nghidn cdu tinh hud'ng Nhu viy, kit qua dy gid quan sit mdt lan nua DH vasirdyng kTthuit dim so (4 tilt vin sudyng kT khing dinh vide OG eua GV thdng qua bang hdi l i thuit dem sdd kip Ki4 Vin OH Hdng Ode va tilt hoin toin phuhqp vdittiyctl.Cdthlklt luin micdu GDHIdpN11Vin + Sd(nhdmVinSd)0HSPTN) cd rit nhilu cie kT ttiuit DHHT, song d cac tmdng Nhuvay, ketqua thu dupc tdquan sitglup chung DHSP, GV ehuatie'pcan va chua umg dyng thudng tdl lan nua khing djnh kit qua bang l i tuong da xuyen vio q u i trinh DH Hau hit GV van su khich quan vaphu hop ttiuc tien Oiy cung la nhdng dyng DH nhdm tmyln thong ma it i p dyng eie kT ban che lim giam hipu qua cua HT ttieo nhdm, can ttiuit, dieu ndi len mac du phuang thde DH m i dupe quan tim nghidn edu 30 Tap chi Gide due so 301 (kil-1/2013) 4) Thuc trang hoat ddng cua G V khiSV bd' trp de cd the ning cao hidu qua DH ttieo hudng ttiam gia ho^t dgng hgp tic Hoat ddng eua GV phittrien KNHTHT ttong qua trinh ttiam gia HTHT cua G V ddng vai ttd 5) Thuc trang viec thuc hien kiem tra OG eiia quan trpng quylt djnh tdi su kit qua DH, eung nhu G V DH theo hudng phittrien KNHTHT KT, hinh ttiinh l